Journal of thermal biology最新文献

{"title":"Individual differences in the development of thermoregulation among littermates of the domestic rabbit","authors":"Yesenia Fernández ,&nbsp;Heiko G. Rödel ,&nbsp;Christophe Féron ,&nbsp;Verónica Reyes-Meza ,&nbsp;Robyn Hudson ,&nbsp;Amando Bautista","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The tight regulation of body temperature is essential for the maintenance of homeostasis in homeothermic endotherms. However, newborn altricial mammals are limited in their ability to maintain body temperature independently because they usually lack an insulating layer of fur, they have a relatively large body surface to volume ratio, and they have immature vasomotor control. Thus, altricial young are generally considered ectothermic poikilotherms at birth, but rapidly develop homeothermic endothermy. However, in polytocous species it is not known whether there are differences among littermates in the temporal development of endothermy and if so, what might account for this. Our aim was to determine the contribution of interactions among littermates to possible individual differences in the onset of homeothermic endothermy in altricial pups of the domestic rabbit. In 10 litters we evaluated individual differences in pups' position within the litter huddle on differences in their ability to maintain a stable body temperature when exposed individually to an acute daily cold challenge across the first 15 postnatal days. Greater relative body mass at birth was associated with greater body mass gain, occupancy of central positions in the litter huddle, and more rapid growth of fur, which together were associated with the earlier development of homeothermic endothermy. We conclude that early interactions among littermates associated with relative differences in initial body mass contribute to individual differences in the development of endothermy, with possible long-term consequences for individuals’ fitness and metabolic phenotype.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 104189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144536243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling physiological and thermoregulatory responses during an Olympic triathlon","authors":"Irena I. Yermakova ,&nbsp;Adam W. Potter ,&nbsp;Christopher L. Chapman ,&nbsp;Karl E. Friedl","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Olympic triathlons are physiologically challenging with varying environmental conditions and physical demands through three events that create a complex dynamic affecting performance and injury risk. Mathematical models provide useful insights into these physiological and thermal responses imposed on individuals and allow for risk mitigation strategies, after action assessments, and for potential training optimization. The purpose of this study was to evaluate thermoregulatory responses continuously during Olympic triathlon for athletes using a mathematical model. Methods: The Health Risk Prediction Model (HRP), a validated 14-segment mathematical model was used to predict physiological and thermoregulatory outcomes during each phase of an Olympic triathlon. Simulated inputs were derived from the observed conditions from the Summer Olympic Games - Rio de Janeiro – 2016, during the men's triathlon (August 18, 2016, starting at 11:00 a.m.). Environmental conditions were: water temperature of 25 °C, air temperature 28 °C, relative humidity 50 %, and 5 m/s wind speed. Metabolic rates were calculated based on times to finish each phase (swimming 36 min at 900 kcal/h, cycling 72 min at 1000 kcal/h, and running 60 min at 900 kcal/h), associated transition times (3 and 1.5 min), and the entire collective event (2 h, 52 min, 30 s). Results and Discussion: This work represents an initial effort to comprehensively model physiological and thermoregulatory effects during an extraordinarily complex event, the Olympic triathlon. Physiological modeling provides insights into the interrelated changes occurring during each phase of exercise and the transitions between them. Lastly, these model results focus additional research questions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 104203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmental temperature has sex-specific effects on behavioural plasticity","authors":"Madeleine de Jong,&nbsp;David G. Chapple,&nbsp;Bob B.M. Wong","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As climate change progresses, species persistence will be influenced by the ability to adjust behaviour in response to rising temperatures. Thermal environments experienced in early development can have permanent effects on phenotype. However, it is largely unexplored whether these effects subsequently impact behavioural plasticity in response to thermal environments experienced after this early developmental period. To address this, we incubated delicate skink eggs (<em>Lampropholis delicata</em>) across three temperature treatments and quantified activity, microhabitat choice, and dispersal in mild and hot environments when skinks reached four to six weeks of age. Effects of incubation and thermal environment, as well as their interaction, were sex- and behaviour-specific. Differences in incubation temperature affected behavioural variation in response to thermal environment most strongly for activity, followed by dispersal, with no effect on microhabitat use. Males were the most plastic sex. Hot-incubated males had the greatest increase in activity and cool-incubated males dispersed further in a hot environment. Mild-incubated males were also the most dispersive compared to other male incubation groups. In contrast, females did not differ as often between incubation treatments or thermal environments. These results highlight sex-dependent effects of developmental temperature on behavioural plasticity, indicating climate change may impact males and females differently. If these effects result in sex-specific effects on survival, there may be implications for population growth and dynamics with a changing climate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 104202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of optical heating during hyperthermia for the separation of reversible and irreversible changes in biological tissues","authors":"Kirill Sovin ,&nbsp;Nikita Kovalenko ,&nbsp;Oleg Ryabushkin","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Preoperative planning of medical attention is crucial in minimally-invasive laser, microwave and radiofrequency treatments. For this purpose, it is important to determine accurately the parameters of biological tissues that describe its changes that occur during hyperthermia procedures.</div><div>A method providing spatially uniform heating was developed during which changes in the modulus of the electrical admittance of the sample at a frequency of 10 kHz corresponding to the β-dispersion region which is most sensitive to degradation processes were recorded. Highly sensitive fiber Bragg gratings were used for temperature measurements.</div><div>Amplitude modulation of optical radiation power (20 W at 970 nm) enabled the separation of reversible and irreversible changes occurring during the heating process. Reversible changes are related to the temperature dependence of the ionic conductivity, and irreversible ones are related to cell lysis and protein coagulation.</div><div>Experimental data were obtained for chicken liver samples. The data were analyzed using the Arrhenius formalism describing the irreversible degradation process of biological tissue. The values of the critical temperature <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>T</mi><mrow><mi>c</mi><mi>r</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>101</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>2</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>°</mo><mi>С</mi></mrow></math></span> and the logarithm of the frequency factor <span><math><mrow><mi>ln</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mn>48.5</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>3.8</mn></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow><mspace></mspace><mi>ln</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><msup><mi>s</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> were obtained.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 104192"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144587901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating military working dog core temperature change with machine learning: A simulation study","authors":"Tanya M. Tebcherani ,&nbsp;Philip T. Koshute ,&nbsp;Daniel C. Hooper ,&nbsp;Megan B. Toms ,&nbsp;Rekha S. Holtry","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Military working dogs play a critical role in supporting the United States Military across various missions. Many missions occur in hot environments and predispose military working dogs to hyperthermia, a leading cause of their death. A previous effort created a physics-based model to estimate military working dog core temperature change based on dog attributes, metabolic activity, and environmental conditions. We hypothesize that a machine learning model that builds on the physics-based model may offer additional and complementary benefits. This includes the ability to infer relationships from real-world data, easy modification of features, and compatibility with existing techniques to explain predictions. These benefits would enhance model usability and applicability, especially for scenarios where dogs’ core temperature change patterns may be atypical. As a first step towards a machine learning-based modeling framework, we approximated the physics-based model with three machine learning models, showing feasibility of applying machine learning to this type of data. Of these models, the random forest model, which we dub the “K9-TempML” model, provides the closest core temperature change estimates to the physics-based model and offers well-established methods for feature analyses. We performed feature analysis and augmentation studies on this model to determine the impact of each feature on core temperature change estimates, demonstrating that removing features that are difficult to collect could retain model accuracy but improve usability. Future work includes training a machine learning-based model using real-world data, applying the model to individual military working dogs, and integrating the model into a real-time core temperature change estimation tool and pre-deployment planning aid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 104211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heatwaves during embryonic development reveal duration-dependent effects in zebrafish","authors":"Náyade Álvarez-Quintero ,&nbsp;Livia Pinzoni ,&nbsp;Merel C. Breedveld ,&nbsp;Clelia Gasparini","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heatwaves, defined as periods of unusually high temperatures are increasingly frequent due to climate change. It is well known that ectotherms are particularly vulnerable to heat stress, especially during sensitive life stages such as embryonic development. However, the consequences of short, ecologically relevant heat stress, remain less investigated. Here, we investigate the effects of short-term heat stress during embryonic development in zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>). For this, 1753 embryos were exposed to simulated heatwaves of different durations (6, 24, or 48 h) and frequencies (one or two events) during development, with a temperature of 35 °C (+7 °C above the standard temperature of 28 °C). Their pre- and post-natal survival, hatching time, larval body size, and locomotor activity once hatched were evaluated. Additionally, the larval locomotor activity was assessed at control and heat-stress temperatures to determine if embryonic heat stress would result in larvae coping better with high temperatures. Our results showed that exposure to high temperatures (35 °C) increased pre-natal mortality, and further effects varied depending on the duration of the heatwave. Longer heatwaves (48 h) accelerated the rate of development but resulted in smaller larvae that swam more under heat stress, while short heatwaves (24 h and two repeated periods of 6 h) did not have any effect. Our results indicate that the embryonic stage is highly sensitive to even brief periods of heat stress, such as those experienced during a heatwave, and that the duration of exposure leads to different responses. These findings offer crucial insights into the extreme sensitivity of embryos to heatwaves and highlight wider consequences for individuals and populations, which are crucial for predicting how species will respond to ongoing climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 104195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144587900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cold currents and warm preferences: how temperature shapes the 3D locomotion of Niphargus longicaudatus","authors":"Mattia Di Cicco ,&nbsp;Emma Galmarini ,&nbsp;Tiziana Di Lorenzo ,&nbsp;Francesco Cerasoli ,&nbsp;Diana Maria Paola Galassi","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater ecosystems play a pivotal role in global biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, yet they face increasing pressures from climate change. The amphipod genus <em>Niphargus</em>, a dominant taxon in European groundwater habitats, has shown evidence of broad thermal adaptability that challenges prevailing theories on narrow thermal niches in groundwater species. This study investigated the locomotory behaviour of <em>Niphargus longicaudatus</em> (Costa, 1851), a stygobitic amphipod, under habitat temperature (9 °C) and preferred temperature (15 °C) using 3D tracking techniques. Individuals at 15 °C displayed significantly higher average swimming speed, increased vertical occupancy, and greater trajectory tortuosity compared to those at 9 °C, despite spending a similar amount of time in movement. These behavioural shifts suggest metabolic adjustments enabling enhanced resource exploration at warmer temperatures. The findings are contextualized within the evolutionary history of the amphipod genus <em>Niphargus</em>, shaped by past climatic, geological and hydrological conditions, which may have selected for eurythermal traits in some lineages. These adaptations highlight potential to exploit habitats across a broad temperature range, not necessarily providing an advantage to <em>N.longicaudatus</em> due to the complex effects of climate change on groundwater ecosystems. This work underscores the importance of integrating behavioural, metabolic, and paleoclimatic perspectives in understanding the impacts of climate change on subterranean biodiversity and distribution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 104208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144721349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal tolerance of Aedes aegypti mosquito eggs is associated with urban adaptation and human interactions","authors":"Souvik Chakraborty ,&nbsp;Emily Zigmond ,&nbsp;Sher Shah ,&nbsp;Diya Dayal ,&nbsp;Massamba Sylla ,&nbsp;Jewelna Akorli ,&nbsp;Sampson Otoo ,&nbsp;Noah H. Rose ,&nbsp;Carolyn S. McBride ,&nbsp;Peter A. Armbruster ,&nbsp;Joshua B. Benoit","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change will profoundly affect mosquito distributions and their ability to serve as vectors for disease, specifically with the anticipated increase in heat waves. The rising temperature and frequent heat waves can accelerate mosquito life cycles, facilitating higher disease transmission. Conversely, higher temperatures could increase mosquito mortality as a negative consequence. Warmer temperatures are associated with urbanized areas, suggesting a need for anthropophilic mosquitoes to adapt to be more hardy to heat stress. Mosquito eggs provide an opportunity to study the biological impact of climate warming as this stage is stationary and must tolerate temperatures at the site of female oviposition. As such, egg thermotolerance is critical for survival in a specific habitat. In nature, <em>Aedes</em> mosquitoes exhibit different behavioral phenotypes, where specific populations prefer depositing eggs in tree holes and prefer feeding non-human vertebrates. In contrast, others, particularly human-biting specialists, favor laying eggs in artificial containers near human dwellings. This study examined the thermotolerance of eggs, along with larval and adult stages, for <em>Aedes aegypti</em> lineages associated with known ancestry and shifts in their host preferences. Mosquitoes collected from areas with high human density showed increased egg viability following high-temperature stress, and a similar, yet more muted effect was noted in larvae. Unlike eggs and larvae, thermal tolerance among adults showed no significant correlation based on the area of collection or human-association. This study underscores that urbanization is a major driver of egg thermotolerance, highlighting the egg stage is likely critical to mosquito survival when associated with humans and needs to be accounted for when predicting future mosquito distribution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 104167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal profiles associated with nest site selection of Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) on a commercial crocodile farm","authors":"Devon Viljoen ,&nbsp;Edward Webb ,&nbsp;Jan Myburgh ,&nbsp;Christoff Truter ,&nbsp;Hannes van Wyk ,&nbsp;Albert Myburgh","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding crocodile nest site selection is important in the context of climate change and related habitat alterations. This study assessed a current nesting environment on a crocodile farm in South Africa, examining associations between various nest site selection parameters, with a particular emphasis on the role of temperature. It was hypothesized that thermal profiles of nests and factors affecting nest temperatures (orientation, shading, grassy cover) would directly impact nest site selections, nests closer to waterbodies would be preferred, dominant females would dictate nesting area use, and human presence would not impact nesting behaviours as farmed crocodiles are accustomed to this. Nile crocodiles in this study produced nests of similar depth to wild Nile crocodiles, and subsurface temperatures varied with nesting layouts (section, orientation, shading), climate factors, and grass growth. Although a complex interaction of factors affected nest site selections, mean subsurface nest temperatures tended to fit into the narrow range of 25–26 °C, highlighting a measure of stability within the nesting environment. Daily temperatures and temperature ranges did however vary significantly between crocodile-selected nesting depths. Behaviour played an important role in the nest site selections, highlighting how nesting sites must be more than just thermally viable in farmed settings. Grassy growth over nesting sites reduced the surface and subsurface temperatures of those nests. Although this did not affect nesting site occupancy, crocodiles selected against depositing eggs in these sites. Nests closer to waterbodies and tourist walkway were occupied more frequently; however, successful nesting occurred further from the walkway. The size (snout-hindlimb length) of crocodiles within nesting sites did not correlate to preferred nesting sections within the pen. Further research is needed to determine if thermally optimal nesting conditions might be complicated by climate change related nesting environment alterations on commercial farms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 104179"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144581285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rutin alleviates heat stress induced hepatic abnormal lipid metabolism of broilers via improving antioxidant capacity to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis","authors":"Longfei Ma,&nbsp;Huijuan Liu,&nbsp;Zhongyu Ge,&nbsp;Bing Bai,&nbsp;Jianle Zhao,&nbsp;Shun Chen,&nbsp;Binbin Zhou,&nbsp;Jiaqi Zhang,&nbsp;Tian Wang,&nbsp;Chao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat stress (HS) leads to abnormal lipid metabolism in broilers, while rutin as a natural flavonoid with multiple biological functions shows potential to regulate antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of rutin supplementation on antioxidant and lipid metabolism functions in heat-stress broilers and to further explore its potential mechanisms. A total of 192 male broilers were randomly divided into three groups and treated with normal control (CON), heat stress (34 °C, HS), and HS with 500 mg kg⁻¹ rutin supplementation (HS + Rutin), respectively. The results showed that dietary supplementation of 500 mg kg⁻¹ rutin could significantly reverse the HS-induced liver damage. Rutin also mitigated HS-induced increases in liver triglyceride content and decreases in high-density lipoprotein and fatty acid binding protein contents. This might be achieved by increasing the expression of PPARα and decreasing the expression of SREBP1, which regulated the expression of downstream factors (such as CPT1, ACOX1, and ACC). Compared with the HS group, rutin increased mitochondrial DNA copy number and maintained mitochondrial homeostasis by regulating the expression of related genes (such as AMPK, PGC1-α, and SIRT3). In addition, rutin increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, decreased the content of malondialdehyde, and activated the nuclear respiratory factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in the liver, which alleviated HS-induced oxidative stress. The effect of rutin in alleviating abnormal lipid deposition in HS broiler livers were correlated with indicators that reflected the antioxidant capacity and mitochondrial homeostasis. In conclusion, dietary 500 mg kg⁻¹ rutin alleviates heat stress-induced hepatic abnormal lipid metabolism of broilers via improving antioxidant capacity to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 104204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}