Journal of thermal biology最新文献

{"title":"Relationship between body temperature measured by infrared thermography and performance, feed efficiency and enteric gas emission of hair lambs","authors":"Charleni Crisóstomo ,&nbsp;Rafael F. Bernardi ,&nbsp;Danielle N. Gurgeira ,&nbsp;Robson M.F. Silveira ,&nbsp;Rogério R. Vicentini ,&nbsp;Simón P. Márquez ,&nbsp;Adibe L. Abdalla ,&nbsp;Claudia C. Paro de Paz ,&nbsp;Josiel Ferreira ,&nbsp;Ricardo L. Dias da Costa","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infrared thermography (IRT) is a noninvasive method that is one of the main indirect tools to optimize livestock measurements, as most changes in physiological conditions affect body temperature. This study aimed to evaluate the use of IRT to estimate residual feed intake (RFI) and residual intake and gain (RIG) of hair lambs, in addition to variations in performance, feed efficiency estimates, and gas emissions. Forty lambs were monitored during two feed efficiency tests to assess performance, feed efficiency estimates, and enteric gas emissions. These metrics were associated with IRT measurements from different body regions (eyes, hooves, rumen, and left flank). Temperatures were measured using infrared images collected with a Fluke camera, employing the non-steady-state rapid detection measurement method. Lambs were grouped into high (RFI-; RIG+), medium (RFI±; RIG±), and low (RFI+; RIG-) classes based on ± 0.5 standard deviations of adjusted RFI and RIG. To assess group differences, Tukey's test (P &lt; 0.05) was applied, along with Pearson correlation and multivariate analyses to determine relationships between variables. In the 2nd test, differences in RIG classification were observed for eye and left flank temperatures. Some performance variables and feed efficiency estimates, such as dry matter intake, feed efficiency, and feed conversion, differed by RFI and RIG classifications. In the 1st test, only N₂O and NH₄ emissions differed between RFI classifications, while in the 2nd test, CO₂ emissions were higher in RFI + animals. Performance and feed efficiency estimates were the primary variables, whereas temperatures measured by IRT had the lowest discriminatory power for RFI and RIG categories, followed by enteric gas emissions. Limitations related to animal numbers and environmental temperature variation in this study suggest that further investigation of the relationship between infrared thermography and animal performance efficiency is warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104070"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hot air injures human alveolar epithelial cells through ERK1/2 signaling-mediated ferroptosis","authors":"Ruihan Liu,&nbsp;Zhihui Wang,&nbsp;Qing Luo,&nbsp;Guanbin Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inhalation lung injury is an acute pulmonary impairment resulting from inhalation of hot air and/or toxic gases. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in hot air-induced heat stress (HS) response of alveolar epithelial cells are not fully understood. In this study, employing a cell heat loading device, we found that HS at 50 °C resulted in significant ferroptosis and injury of human alveolar epithelial cells (BEAS-2B cells), supported by increased lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and decreased ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11). Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), a targeted inhibitor of ferroptosis, could suppress HS-induced ferroptosis and injury of BEAS-2B cells. Moreover, HS activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in BEAS-2B cells. Nevertheless, blockage of ERK1/2 activation by U0126, an inhibitor of ERK1/2 phosphorylation, repressed HS-induced ferroptosis and injury of BEAS-2B cells. Taken together, this study demonstrates that HS injures alveolar epithelial cells through ERK1/2 signaling-mediated ferroptosis, which provides a novel potential strategy for the treatment of HS-induced inhalation lung injury.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104065"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research directions in thermoregulation during exercise in extreme environments","authors":"J.I. Priego-Quesada ,&nbsp;M. Gil-Calvo ,&nbsp;T. Mundel ,&nbsp;T. Hartmann ,&nbsp;F.E. Marino","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104031"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptional dynamics of porcine granulosa cells during cellular acclimation to thermal challenge","authors":"Jaya Bharati ,&nbsp;Satish Kumar ,&nbsp;Salam Jayachitra Devi ,&nbsp;N.H. Mohan ,&nbsp;Vivek Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Investigations on heat stress induced transcriptomic changes is critical to characterization of candidate genes for thermal adaptability in livestock. Continues spells of high ambient temperature due to climate change has amplified reproductive dysfunctions, necessitating immediate attention. The present study aimed to explore the transcriptomic signature of heat stressed granulosa cells (GCs) and signalling pathways regulating their adaptability to thermal challenge. The GCs were collected from small follicles (3–6 mm) of pig ovary. The GCs primary culture was subjected to in vitro heat stress challenge at 42 ^OC for 6 h. RNA sequencing was conducted for heat stress (treated) and non-heat stress (control) groups using Illumina NextSeq2000 sequencing platform. The significant DEGs were selected using NOISeq R package with cut-offs, probability value ≥ 0.95 and log₂ fold change ≥1. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted for exploring gene ontology enrichment, functional pathways, hub genes in protein-protein interaction network and functional clusters regulating cellular homeostasis and survivability during heat stress challenge. The analysis pipeline yielded a total of 12156 protein coding transcripts, which were expressed during heat stress challenge in GCs, out of which 4904 were differentially (prob. ≥ 0.95) expressed; 2936 were upregulated and 1968 were downregulated. The large number of DEGs and gene ontologies in the study specifies the concerted mechanisms involving multiple signalling pathways like MAPK, HIPPO, WNT, PI3-AKT, NFKB, NOTCH and many more operating in the cell to maintain cellular homeostasis. Thermal stress induced differentially expressed hub genes <em>HSP90, HSPA8, HSPA5, TGFB1</em> and <em>PPARG</em> are key elements in stress, regulating multiple pathways and expression of transcription factors. The TNF signalling pathway, phosphatidyl inositol signalling system and <em>DERL3</em> gene network linked ubiquitin-dependent endoplasmic reticulum associated protein degradation pathway, which regulates cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis and estrogen synthesis, can be regarded as novel regulators involved in stress adaptation in pigs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104064"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical reproductive behaviors in Scaled Quail and Northern Bobwhite are affected by thermal variability and mean temperature","authors":"William Kirkpatrick ,&nbsp;Erin Sauer ,&nbsp;Rachel Carroll ,&nbsp;Jeremy Cohen ,&nbsp;Craig Davis ,&nbsp;Samuel Fuhlendorf ,&nbsp;Sarah DuRant","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Animals can respond differently to shifting thermal variability versus thermal averages, both of which are changing due to climate warming. How these thermal variables affect parental care behaviors can reveal the ability of parents to modify their behaviors to meet the competing demands of their offspring's thermal needs and self-maintenance, which becomes critical in suboptimal thermal conditions. Further, the time frame used to examine the interplay between temperature and behavioral shifts (e.g., seasonal patterns in care vs. drivers of individual care decisions) can provide different information about the plasticity of parental care behavior. We investigated the relationship between thermal means, thermal variability, and incubation behaviors across multiple timescales in Scaled Quail and Northern Bobwhite. Both species decreased off-bout length during periods of high thermal variability, a novel finding among studies of avian parental behavior. Further relationships between thermal endpoints (mean vs. variation) and behavior differed depending on the temporal scale. For instance, total daily time spent off the nest was not influenced by daily average temperature, yet individual off-bout duration increased with increasing average temperature in the 2 h prior to the off-bout. These results provide evidence that thermal-behavioral relationships differ across scales and likely represent a bird's ability to modify their incubation strategy to rapidly respond to the immediate thermal environment (altering individual off-bout length based on temperature) to meet self-maintenance needs while resulting in a similar outcome for their nest (total daily off-bout time). However, longer off-bout durations during high temperature events can come with reproductive costs, sometimes resulting in acute offspring mortality when eggs or chicks experience lethal temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104054"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of body position on skin temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure in active men","authors":"Victor Hugo Pereira Franco ,&nbsp;Aldo A. Vasquez-Bonilla ,&nbsp;Manuel Sillero-Quintana","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of thermography to measure skin temperature (Tsk) is typically assessed in a standing position; however, the differences of Tsk in different body positions have not been adequately studied. This study aimed to analyze the influence of body position (sitting, standing, and supine) on Tsk. Twenty-nine trained men (age 23.52 ± 0.34 years) spent 10 minutes in each of the three positions in random order. During these postures, the heart rate (HR) response and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured as influential cardiovascular variables. Tsk was measured in the trapezius, shoulder, chest, biceps, costal, elbow, abdomen, and forearm. Covariance analysis (ANCOVA), intraclass correlation (ICC), typical error, and effect size (ES) were applied. When comparing the three positions, greater variations in Tsk were observed in the shoulder (0.74–1.31 %), biceps (−0.36 - 1.33 %), elbow (0.46–1.20%) and forearm (0.58–1.41%). HR varied significantly between the different positions (p &lt; 0.05), influencing Tsk in the chest (ES = 0.71), the biceps (ES = 0.56) and abdominal regions (ES = 0.91) in the sitting position compared to the supine position, and in the abdominal region (ES = 1.12) in the standing position compared to the supine position. The reliability of the measurement was excellent in the chest (ICC = 0.91), costal (ICC = 0.91), and abdominal (ICC = 0.89) regions. Although many studies traditionally measure Tsk in a standing position, the results of this study support that the Tsk distribution varies with body position, and this factor should be considered in any study using thermography.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104009"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of modified predicted heat strain model for various metabolic rates in hot-humid underground environments","authors":"Xingming Wang ,&nbsp;Yijiang Wang ,&nbsp;Ziyuan Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Lai ,&nbsp;Chunli Sang","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the hot and humid environments in deep underground spaces deteriorate with increasing mining depth, there is an increased demand to accurately assess worker heat stress levels in underground environments characterized by high relative humidity and air velocity. A modified predicted heat strain (mPHS) model was proposed through the correction factors of air velocity and relative humidity for the clothing thermal insulation and vapor resistance. The predictive performances of the mPHS model for mean skin temperature, sweat loss, and core temperature were validated in low, moderate, and high metabolic rates. The model's guidances for deep underground environments were discussed, and the maximum allowable exposure times (MAET) for 168 conditions were provided. The results demonstrated that the mPHS model exhibited superior predictive performance within 60–320 W/m² when compared with the original model, especially for mean skin temperature and core temperature, with a maximum reduction in the predictive difference of 1.60 °C and 0.61 °C. The acceptability of the predicted mean skin temperature elevated from 33.65% to 91.35% and 41.7% to 100% in the conditions of 60–120 W/m² and 140–200 W/m², respectively. In the hot environments, the influence of air velocity (0.3–0.8 m/s) on MAET was more pronounced than that of relative humidity (50%–80%). An increase in air velocity of 0.1 m/s, coupled with a 5% decrease in relative humidity, leads to an approximate extension of the MAET by 18 min. The results could contribute a theoretical insight for predicting thermal physiology in hot-humid underground environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104066"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Menstrual cycle effects on thermoregulation while exercising in the heat","authors":"Katherine S. Christison ,&nbsp;Shae C. Gurney ,&nbsp;Cassie M. Williamson-Reisdorph ,&nbsp;Anna C. Covington ,&nbsp;Charles L. Dumke","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Women may be challenged to maintain thermoregulation due to hormonal changes associated with the menstrual cycle. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of the menstrual cycle phase on core temperature, hydration status, and perceived exertion while exercising under uncompensable heat gain. Eleven eumenorrheic women (24.4 ± 1.1 yrs, 65.7 ± 2.4 kg, 22.7 ± 1.5% body fat) walked for two 180-min trials in a heat chamber (35 °C and 30% relative humidity) during early-follicular (EF) and mid-luteal (ML) phases. Subjects completed three intervals of 50 min of exercise at 50% VO₂max. Physiological strain index (PSI), core temperature (T_C), perceived heat (PH), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured throughout both trials. Nude body weight (NBW) and blood samples were collected pre- and post-trial. Blood samples were analyzed for hematocrit (Hct), hemoglobin (Hb), serum estrogen, progesterone, and aldosterone. NBW showed a main effect of time (p = 0.002, η_p² = 0.62). Aldosterone showed main effect of time (p = 0.004, η_p² = 0.59) and phase (p = 0.014, η_p² = 0.47), peaking post exercise in both EF and ML (527.6.1 ± 89.0 pg·mL⁻¹ vs 827.4 ± 129.5 pg mL⁻¹ respectively, p = 0.014). Estradiol and progesterone showed main effects of phase (p = 0.007, η_p² = 0.53; p = 0.045, η_p² = 0.30) but not time (p = 0.68, p = 0.32). T_C showed main effect of time (p &lt; 0.001, η_p² = 0.89) and phase, peaking at 170 min (EF: 37.8 ± 0.1 °C vs. ML: 38.0 ± 0.1 °C, p = 0.032, η_p² = 0.38). Main effect of time was seen for PSI (p = 0.002, η_p² = 0.88), PH (p = 0.004, η_p² = 0.66), and RPE (p = 0.026, η_p² = 0.80). Sweat rate, Hct, Hb, and percent dehydration were not different between the phases. In conclusion, subjects demonstrated elevated Tc and basal aldosterone in ML corresponding with elevations in estrogen and progesterone. Aldosterone significantly increased following exercise in the heat but remained elevated in ML. These results indicate that elevated Tc during ML is maintained during exercise in the heat despite similar perceived heat and effort between phases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104036"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142978965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeatability of critical thermal maximum (CTmax) in two freshwater ectotherms across contexts","authors":"Samuel D. Chasse ,&nbsp;Erin M.C. Stewart ,&nbsp;Graham D. Raby","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Critical thermal maximum (CT_max) is the most widely used method for quantifying acute upper thermal limits in ectotherms. CT_max protocol exposes animals to a consistent rate of environmental warming until they lose motor function. CT_max has been used to assess intraspecific variation among life stages, populations, or as a function of body size, often with the assumption that it is a durable and heritable trait at the individual level. The existence of within-individual repeatability of CT_max has been used to infer the potential for thermal adaptation via the positive correlation between the repeatability of a trait and its heritability. However, for how widely used CT_max has become, surprisingly few studies have quantified within-individual repeatability in aquatic ectotherms, and none have assessed repeatability across contexts. We examined the cross-context repeatability of CT_max in two freshwater ectotherms (one decapod crustacean and one teleost fish): rusty crayfish <em>Faxonius rusticus</em> (n = 31) and pumpkinseed <em>Lepomis gibbosus</em> (n = 38). Individual repeatability was measured on a weekly basis across multiple trials (n = 5 pumpkinseed CT_max measurements, n = 7 rusty crayfish) that varied in acclimation temperature, oxygen saturation, and salinity. CT_max was most strongly influenced by acclimation temperature. Repeatability varied based on the statistical approach and between the two species. Pumpkinseed repeatability across contexts was moderate (<em>ca.</em> 0.4), similar to previous reports on within-context CT_max repeatability studies in fishes. In rusty crayfish, repeatability was much lower (<em>ca</em>. 0.16). This suggests CT_max repeatability may be both taxon- and context-dependent, thus further investigation into repeatability is needed across species for this important and widely used trait.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104049"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining automated behaviour recognition and physiological data to characterize heat tolerance and animal welfare in growing pigs","authors":"Nausicaa Poullet ,&nbsp;Johanna Guichard ,&nbsp;David Beramice ,&nbsp;Laurent Dantec ,&nbsp;Jean-Luc Gourdine ,&nbsp;Mathieu Bonneau","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Estimating animal behaviour during heat stress (HS) is particularly insightful to monitor animal welfare but also to better understand how animals thermoregulate. The present study is a proof of concept combining computer vision to monitor animal behaviour, continuous monitoring of subcutaneous temperature and recording of ambient temperature, with the aim to study the link between behaviour and animal body temperature during HS. A total of 22 pigs were video-monitored from 8:00 to 18.00 under two contrasted conditions: HS corresponding to the tropical climate (between 20.3 °C and 27.9 °C) and Thermoneutral (TN) consisting of an indoor temperature-controlled room at 22 °C. Animal temperature (<em>T</em>_{<em>muscle</em>}<em>)</em> and ambient temperature were monitored continuously using temperature loggers. Pig postures estimated by a neural network show that animal in HS spend more time lying laterally and less time lying sternally than in TN. Moreover, in HS, the length of the lateral sequences increased with the outdoor ambient temperature. The ability of an animal to dissipate heat while lying laterally was quantified through a Heat Dissipation Coefficient (HDC), combining <em>T</em>_{<em>muscle</em>} and lateral lying sequence duration, and showed great individual variation. A Heat Discomfort Index (HDI) was also determined to quantify the difference in time spent lying laterally between HS and TN and could be useful as a proxy to quantify animal welfare reduction due to HS. This study demonstrates that combining image analysis to monitor animal behaviour and physiological data is an efficient tool to derive quantitative criterion to characterize animal welfare and traits related to heat tolerance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104048"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}