Journal of thermal biology最新文献

{"title":"Mitochondrial adaptations from heat acclimation - A narrative review.","authors":"Marcos S Keefe, Danielle E Levitt, Heather L Vellers, Courteney L Benjamin, Yasuki Sekiguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent decades, global temperature and humidity levels have surged. These increases in temperature and humidity are associated with higher risk of heat-related illnesses and impaired exercise performance, thereby prompting investigation into physiological responses to heat stress. Preconditioning strategies, including heat acclimation/acclimatization (HA), elicit physiological adaptations to enhance response to future heat exposures. Within HA research, an area of growing interest is examination of subcellular adaptations that contribute to whole-body acclimation, such as changes to/within mitochondria. External heat stress alters molecular pathways involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and bioenergetic function, but the relationship between these alterations and whole-body HA adaptations remains relatively unknown. Therefore, this review provides a detailed examination of the impact of HA on mitochondria across cell models, rodent models, and humans, linking these changes to exercise performance. Based on the current evidence, we propose a HA protocol aimed at promoting mitochondrial adaptations while maximizing traditional HA benefits. Lastly, we identify key areas for future research to further explore and enhance our understanding of mitochondrial responses to HA.</p>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"133 ","pages":"104283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of dopaminergic signaling in insect response to repeated acute heat and cold stress.","authors":"Mariam Hakim, Samar El-Kholy, Amira El-Keredy, Yahya Al Naggar","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As climate change accelerates, organisms face increasing exposure to unpredictable heat and cold extremes, threatening survival, reproduction, and long-term population stability. Understanding the physiological mechanisms underlying thermal resilience is essential to predict species responses and mitigate biodiversity loss. This study investigates the role of dopamine (DA) and its related receptors in mediating thermal tolerance and regulating life history traits in Drosophila melanogaster. Using wild-type Canton-S flies, we exposed adults to repeated acute thermal stress-daily 1-h cold (15 °C) or heat (35 °C) shocks for five to seven days-alongside a control group maintained at 25 °C. We assessed survival, fecundity, developmental time, adult emergence, and sex ratio. DA levels, measured by HPLC, significantly increased under heat stress and declined under cold exposure, suggesting its involvement in thermal response signaling. To further explore receptor-specific roles, we examined dopaminergic receptor mutants in Dop1R1, Dop1R2, Dop2R, DopEcR under the same thermal conditions described above. Our findings reveal that deficiencies in specific DA receptors markedly influenced survival and reproduction under thermal stress. For instance, Dop1R2 mutants exhibited high fecundity but poor survival under heat shock, while DopEcR mutants showed reduced fecundity under both cold and heat stress without affecting survival. Dop1R1 and Dop2R mutants exhibited developmental delays under thermal stress, indicating their contribution to life cycle regulation. These findings highlight dopaminergic signaling as a critical modulator of thermal adaptation, with implications for understanding how neurophysiological plasticity may buffer or limit insect resilience to future climate variability.</p>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"133 ","pages":"104285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145199406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resveratrol improves boar semen quality in summer months through modulation of the AGEs-RAGE signaling pathway in Leydig cells","authors":"Zhiyun Peng ,&nbsp;Zereng Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaofang Lu ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Ning Gao ,&nbsp;Bo Weng ,&nbsp;Tuo Xu ,&nbsp;Heng Bao ,&nbsp;Maoliang Ran","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high ambient temperature and relative humidity in summer months induce the reduction of boar semen quality, which generates adverse effects to the productivity and economic benefits of swine farms. It has been investigated that resveratrol (RSV), a naturally occurring polyphenol, can effectively improve oxidative damage, but its functional roles and underlying mechanisms in improving boar semen quality in summer months remain unclear. Herein, we mainly explored the regulatory and functional roles of RSV in boar semen quality in summer months. Analysis of average functional sperm numbers throughout the year confirmed reductions during summer (April–September) in all three genetic lines, with Duroc boars exhibiting the most severe decline (reaching a nadir of 0.60 × 10¹⁰/mL in July) and highest variability. Dietary supplementation of RSV demonstrated positive effects to improve sperm concentration, sperm motility, and semen metabolites in summer months through enhancing the antioxidant capacity of semen and serum. Additionally, heat stress induced the structure damage of porcine Leydig cells, a higher ROS, MDA, and AGEs levels, as well as a lower testosterone level. Pretreatment with RSV (200 nM/mL) attenuated the heat stress induced oxidative stress, reduced AGEs accumulation, and restored testosterone production. Mechanistically, RSV inhibited the heat stress-activated AGEs-RAGE signaling pathway, and subsequently reducing oxidative stress. These findings explored that boar semen quality declined during summer months, and that RSV improved the boar semen quality in summer months through modulation of the AGEs-RAGE signaling pathway in Leydig cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 104282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal analysis of biological tissue under pulsed laser irradiation accounting for temperature-dependent properties.","authors":"Yingze Wang, Zhaowei He, Sheng Zhang, Shuang Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study proposes an analytical approach to examine the thermal response of biological tissues with temperature-dependent properties subjected to pulsed laser irradiation. A bio-heat conduction model incorporating variable thermo-physical parameters was developed based on the dual-phase lag (DPL) heat conduction theory. Using the Laplace transform technique, an exact solution of the governing equation was derived in the transform domain, while numerical solutions in the time domain were obtained through the Stehfest inversion algorithm. The temperature distributions in typical biological tissues under pulsed laser irradiation were systematically computed, and the influences of temperature-dependent thermal parameters, blood perfusion rate, and metabolic heat generation were quantitatively evaluated under distinct heating mechanisms governed by phase lag times. The results reveal significant variations in thermal response due to temperature dependence, offering valuable insights for optimizing thermal therapy protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"133 ","pages":"104279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"10° compared to 22° celsius cold fluid bolus does not affect hemostasis in healthy adults – A randomized crossover trial","authors":"Casper Nielsen ,&nbsp;Ane Johanne Davidsen Dahlberg ,&nbsp;Mikkel Brabrand ,&nbsp;Lasse Paludan Bentsen ,&nbsp;Camilla Schade Skov ,&nbsp;Line Emilie Lilholm Laugesen ,&nbsp;Mette Rahbek Kristensen ,&nbsp;Mette Løkke ,&nbsp;Christian Nielsen ,&nbsp;Pernille Just Vinholt ,&nbsp;Peter Biesenbach","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Previous studies suggest that infusing cold crystalloid fluid may have beneficial hemodynamic effects. This raises questions about the optimal temperature for fluid administration in the management of hypotensive patients, particularly regarding its impact on hemostasis and safety in patients at risk of bleeding. This study examined the effects of administering a 1000 mL bolus of Ringer's lactate at a temperature of 10 °C or 22 °C on hemostasis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-five healthy participants were randomized to receive Ringer's lactate at either 10 °C or 22 °C, followed by cross-over to the alternative temperature. The primary outcome was change in clotting time. Secondary outcomes included alterations in thromboelastometry amplitude after 5 and 10 min, maximum clot firmness and maximum lysis at baseline and after 30 min. Additional secondary outcomes were differences in activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), international normalized ratio (INR), platelet count, platelet pre-activation and fibrinogen.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ROTEM® analysis demonstrated a prolonged clotting time (mean difference: 2.6 s, 95 % CI: 0.30 to 4.90) after 30 min among participants who received a 10 °C bolus. No other alterations were observed in thromboelastometry. Additionally, fibrinogen levels were slightly elevated after 30 min.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Administration of a bolus of Ringer's lactate at 10 °C compared to 22 °C resulted in a minor prolongation of clotting time after 30 min as assessed by thromboelastometry and had minimal impact on hemostasis. Fibrinogen was slightly elevated after 30 min. We conclude that administering 1000 mL of cold fluids does not notably affect hemostasis and is considered safe in healthy adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 104276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dilation of the distal convoluted tubule induced by repeated heat exposure in rats model.","authors":"Zhongyou Li, Taoping Bai, Wentao Jiang, Fei Yan, Lingjun Liu, Chong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thermal therapy (TT) has developed as a nonpharmacological strategy for various diseases, but little is known about its impact on the kidneys. This study conducted an animal experiment to elucidate this impact. We randomized 12 rats to control and TT groups and subjected them to 24 °C and 41 °C, respectively, once a day for four weeks. We monitored blood component changes weekly and examined rat kidneys pathologically after the trial. Cutaneous flux and renal blood flow were assessed before and during the intervention. The cross-sectional area of the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) significantly increased in the TT group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). The TT group's DCT showed an average perimeter elongation of 75.9 %, which is explained by mechanical strain and the proliferation of epithelial cells. Significant increases at 14 days (P < 0.05) in blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and uric acid levels indicated that renal damage was the cause of these occurrences. Furthermore, this damage is caused by thermally induced renal ischemia, as indicated by a 21.3 % decrease in mean blood flow in the renal artery, which was also evidenced by a 65.2 % increase in mean cutaneous flux and a significant rise in red blood cell count (P < 0.05). Sirius red staining showed that there was no difference in fiber expression between the two groups. Although no progression of renal fibrosis was observed, repeated heat exposure could induce the dilation of DCT. These findings may guide the redesign of TT protocols for patients and recreational users.</p>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"133 ","pages":"104277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145199441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infrared thermal imaging as a non-invasive pre- diagnostic tool for knee osteoarthritis: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Manoj Kumar Sharma ,&nbsp;Hardika Sood","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease, causing pain and reduced mobility, especially in older adults. Current imaging methods like CT, MRI, and bone scintigraphy mainly reveal structural changes, but have limitations such as radiation exposure, high cost, and limited repeatability. In contrast, infrared thermal imaging is a non-invasive, radiation-free technique that detects temperature changes linked to joint inflammation. It offers real-time, repeatable results, making it useful for monitoring and guiding timely interventions. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 56 participants diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis to evaluate the role of infrared thermal imaging in assessment and immediate monitoring. Thermal imaging measurements were obtained from both affected and contralateral knees using standardized protocols. Clinical assessment included Kellgren-Lawrence grading, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, and Visual Analogue Scale pain scores. Statistical analysis included receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, correlation analysis, and diagnostic performance metrics. Result showed that the mean temperature difference between affected and contralateral knees was 1.80 ± 0.64 °C (p &lt; 0.001, Cohen's d = 2.81). Thermal temperature differences showed significant correlation with Kellgren-Lawrence grade severity (r = 0.442, p &lt; 0.001). Using an optimal cutoff of 1.16 °C, thermal imaging demonstrated 95 % sensitivity and 43 % specificity for detecting clinically significant osteoarthritis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.65. This research concluded that Infrared thermal imaging provides a non-invasive method for detecting knee osteoarthritis with high sensitivity. The technique shows promise as an adjunctive diagnostic tool, particularly for screening and monitoring disease progression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 104281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of habitat use and coadaptive responses on the thermal physiology of two related species of lizards living in high mountain environments","authors":"A. Bautista-del Moral ,&nbsp;D.M. Arenas–Moreno ,&nbsp;F.R. Méndez-de la Cruz","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coadaptation processes evolve when the interaction among behavior, physiology, and morphology produces positive effects on the fitness of organisms. In this context, the coadaptation of thermal physiology and behavioral thermoregulation strategies in ectothermic organisms should be prominent, mainly due to their thermal dependence and the influence of body temperatures on physiological performance, ecological interactions, and fitness. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the role of microhabitat use in two high-mountain lizard species (<em>Abronia</em> genus) with different habitat preferences (terrestrial and arboreal) on the degree of coadaptation between thermal physiological parameters and thermoregulatory strategies. We found that environmental pressures, driven by habitat use and seasonality, result in differential responses in both behavioral thermoregulation strategies and the physiology of these species. This high response capacity has allowed them to compensate for thermal fluctuations in their microhabitats and has, to some extent, promoted the coadaptation of selected temperature (<em>T_sel</em>), thermal optimum (<em>T_o</em>), and thermal performance breadth (B₈₅), along with thermal limits and thermoregulatory strategies. Our findings support the hypothesis of labile physiology, as both <em>Abronia</em> species responded to divergent thermal regimes by adapting their thermal physiology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 104275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of skeletal muscle vasodilatory pathway in adaptive thermogenesis in Sunit Mongolian sheep","authors":"F.H. Meng ,&nbsp;L. Wang ,&nbsp;T. Zhou ,&nbsp;L.W. Chang ,&nbsp;Y.Y. Zi ,&nbsp;R.N. Su ,&nbsp;M. Zhao ,&nbsp;X.Y. Zhou ,&nbsp;D. Zhang ,&nbsp;W.G. Zhang ,&nbsp;C.X. Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Sunite Mongolian sheep is one of the superior livestock breeds in Inner Mongolia, capable of surviving and reproducing on the Xilingol Grassland at temperatures below −30 °C, demonstrating remarkable cold adaptation. However, research on adaptive thermogenesis in its muscle tissue remains limited. To investigate skeletal muscle's role in adaptive thermogenesis, shoulder muscle tissues were collected from three healthy castrated male sheep each in winter (January) and summer (July) for RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and differential expression analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were primarily enriched in pathways associated with starvation response, hormonal regulation, and energy metabolism. Gene expression analysis revealed significant upregulation of nitric oxide synthase 3 (<em>NOS3</em>) and adrenergic receptor-β2 (ADRB2) in the adrenergic-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)- protein kinase G(PKG)vasodilatory signaling pathway during winter (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Further validation showed that ADRB2 was extensively expressed in skeletal muscle vascular endothelial cells, with significantly increased winter expression. Subsequent in vivo experiments confirmed these results, intravenous injection of isoproterenol (ISO) dose-dependently increased cGMP concentration and <em>NOS3</em> expression (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In summary, we speculate that epinephrine binds to ADRB2 in the skeletal muscle of Sunite Mongolian sheep during winter, activating intracellular <em>NOS3</em> to synthesize nitric oxide (NO). Through the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, this induces vasodilation, thereby transporting more nutrients and enhancing metabolic energy production and heat generation, primarily via glucose metabolism, to adapt to cold environments. This study provides new insights into cold adaptation in sheep, suggesting ADRB2/NOS3 as potential molecular markers for breeding cold-resistant breeds to enhance farming efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 104278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qingshu Yiqi tea prescription attenuates heat-stressed injury: network pharmacology and experimental validation","authors":"Qianyu Liu ,&nbsp;Chengdou Xie ,&nbsp;Ping Lan ,&nbsp;Yuxuan Chen ,&nbsp;Siqing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat stress (HS) poses a significant threat to health, necessitating effective interventions. This study investigated the therapeutic mechanisms of Qingshu Yiqi Tea Prescription (QSYQTP) against HS-induced organ damage in mice. Utilizing an integrated pharmacology approach combining histopathology, network pharmacology, biochemical assays, and qRT-PCR, we assessed QSYQTP's effects in a heat-stressed murine model. QSYQTP supplementation suppressed serum aminotransferase activities (ALT, AST), reduced MDA concentrations, and enhanced antioxidant enzymes (T-SOD, GSH). It also downregulated heat shock genes (HSP27/60/70/90) by inhibiting HSF1 expression, suggesting MAPK involvement, MAPK signaling pathway inhibition (P-JNK, P-P38). These results suggest that QSYQTP may increase the antioxidant capacity in vivo, reduce oxidative stress, and inhibit the heat shock response, all of which can help ameliorate HS-induced liver and small intestine damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 104270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}