Journal of thermal biology最新文献

{"title":"Testing metabolic cold adaptation and the climatic variability hypothesis in two latitudinally distant populations of a supratidal water beetle","authors":"J.M. Mirón-Gatón ,&nbsp;J. Velasco ,&nbsp;S. Pallarés ,&nbsp;A.J. García-Meseguer ,&nbsp;A. Millán ,&nbsp;D.T. Bilton","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Temperature significantly impacts ectotherm physiology, with thermal tolerance and metabolic traits typically varying with latitude across species ranges. The drivers of this variation remain unclear, however, despite obvious consequences for population persistence and conservation in the face of ongoing global change. This study explored local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity of metabolic rates and thermal limits in the supratidal rockpool beetle <em>Ochthebius lejolisii</em>. Using populations from localities at different ends of the species range that experience contrasting thermal variability, we simultaneously tested two of the major paradigms of spatial physiological ecology: metabolic cold adaptation (MCA) and the climatic variability hypothesis (CVH). Reciprocal acclimation was conducted under spring temperature regimes of both localities, incorporating local diurnal variation. Metabolic rates were measured by closed respirometry, and thermal tolerance limits estimated through thermography. In line with MCA, the higher-latitude population (colder climate) showed higher metabolic rates and temperature coefficients (Q₁₀s) at lower temperatures than the lower-latitude population. As predicted by the CVH, the lower-latitude population (more variable climate) showed higher upper thermal tolerance but only the higher-latitude population was able to acclimate upper thermal limits. This result suggests trade-offs between physiological thermal limits and thermal plasticity in this species. A limited acclimation capacity could make populations on Mediterranean coasts especially vulnerable in the face of projected increases in extreme temperatures under ongoing climate change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306456524001529/pdfft?md5=05e4b0af4b7938197c4b1c0743492ce0&pid=1-s2.0-S0306456524001529-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling the impact of heat stress on daughter pregnancy rate in Mehsana buffalo through innovative breeding interventions","authors":"P.B. Purohit ,&nbsp;Jay Prakash Gupta ,&nbsp;J.D. Chaudhari ,&nbsp;T.M. Bhatt ,&nbsp;M.M. Pawar ,&nbsp;P.A. Patel ,&nbsp;M.N. Prajapati","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heat stress profoundly affects the reproductive success of buffaloes, which are vital for the dairy industry due to their unique anatomical and physiological characteristics, necessitating careful evaluation under such conditions. Hence, this guided our search for quantifying heat stress' impact on Mehsana buffaloes using the best THI model and evaluating sires’ performance. Fertility records (days open converted to daughter pregnancy rate) were collected in the span of over 24 years, w.e.f. 1989 to 2012. Finally, 3070 records of first lactation cows, daughters of 117 sires from DURDA, Gujarat, India, were used in the analysis. Meteorological data were retrieved from IMD, Pune, to understand the relationship between daughter pregnancy rate (DPR) and heat stress indicators. Several heat stress models were compared based on R², adjusted R², AIC, and BIC values, and the impact of heat stress was quantified. The year was classified into different heat stress zones, viz., Non heat stress zone (NHSZ), Heat stress zone (HSZ), and critical heat stress zone (CHSZ), drawing from the findings of DPR and THI. The THI 4th model based on dry and wet bulb temperature was identified as the best-fit model, and DPR significantly changed (P &lt; 0.01) by 1.14% per unit change in THI value based on the month of calving. The average EBVs of the sires for DPR were found to be 20.78% (NHSZ), 38.09% (HSZ), and 39.08% (CHSZ) using BLUP-SM and 20.78% (NHSZ), 37.30% (HSZ), and 38.87% (HSZ) using BLUP-AM. Subsequently, the optimum sire for each of the zones was prioritized. It is noteworthy that bulls that performed better in NHSZ did not perform as well in HSZ and CHSZ, and vice versa. This supports the possibility of evaluating bulls independently in each heat stress zone.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141701096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of combined treatment with hydrogen-rich electrolyzed water and tea polyphenols on oxidative stress, intestinal injury and intestinal flora disruption in heat-stressed mice","authors":"Yao Zang ,&nbsp;Beibei Zhang ,&nbsp;Guosheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Jie Hu ,&nbsp;Dengqun Shu ,&nbsp;Jiahong Han ,&nbsp;Mengzhen Hu ,&nbsp;Mingming Tu ,&nbsp;Wenduo Qiao ,&nbsp;Renxin Liu ,&nbsp;Yitian Zang","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heat stress (HS) can cause damage to the organism, especially the intestinal tract. In this paper, we investigated the effects of the combined action of tea polyphenols (TP) and hydrogen-rich electrolyzed water (HRW) on HS in mice. The combination of HRW feeding and TP of intraperitoneal injection was screened by in vitro antioxidant activity assay. The results revealed that the combined treatment was more helpful in alleviating the effects of HS on the behavior, growth performance, oxidative damage, and intestinal tract of mice compared with the respective treatments of TP and HRW (P &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the combined treatment could repair HS-induced intestinal dysbiosis in mice, augmenting the number and abundance of bacteria, increasing the number of beneficial genera (<em>Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Lactobacillus</em>), and decreasing the number of harmful genera (<em>Desulfovibrio</em> and <em>Enterorhabdus</em>), and the effect was significantly better than that of individual treatment (P &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, the combined treatment of TP and HRW effectively mitigates the adverse effects of HS on mouse behavior, growth performance, oxidative damage, and intestinal dysbiosis, surpassing the efficacy of individual treatments with TP or HRW alone.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141732226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary curcumin nano-micelles on performance, biological responses, and thermal stress resilience in heat-stressed fattening lambs across varying temperature-humidity index conditions: Implications for climate change","authors":"Mostafa Bokharaeian,&nbsp;Abdolhakim Toghdory,&nbsp;Taghi Ghoorchi","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103905","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heat stress poses a significant challenge to sheep farming in arid and semi-arid regions, impacting growth performance, health, and physiological responses. While sheep have innate mechanisms to manage heat stress, prolonged exposure impairs their performance and health. This study evaluated the influence of varying doses of Curcumin Nano-Micelle (CNM) on heat-stressed fattening lambs in northeastern Iran over three months, examining the relationship between CNM doses and growth performance, feeding behavior, physiological responses, immune function, and antioxidant status. Thirty-two crossbred male lambs were included in a completely randomized design with four treatments and eight replications. The experimental treatments were as follows: 1) CTRL: No dietary inclusion of CNM, (control group); 2) T20: Dietary inclusion of 20 mg of CNM per head per day; 3) T40: Dietary inclusion of 40 mg of CNM per head per day; and 4) T80: Dietary inclusion of 80 mg of CNM per head per day. The results revealed that dietary supplementation with 20 and 40 mg of CNM significantly improved live body weight, weight gain, average daily gain (ADG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the control treatment. Regression analysis demonstrated quadratic models between growth performance parameters and the Temperature-Humidity Index (THI), indicating a correlation between CNM doses and the animals' responses to heat stress. Regarding eating behavior, CNM doses of 40 and 80 mg/day significantly reduced eating time while increasing ruminating time. Blood analysis indicated significant reductions in glucose levels across all treatments, with T40 significantly reducing both cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) levels. Additionally, CNM supplementation decreased serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, indicating enhanced antioxidant status. Physiological responses were influenced by CNM, notably reducing rectal temperature (RT), skin temperature (ST), respiration rate (RR), while pulse rate (PR) increased across various time intervals, particularly in the T80 group. This study demonstrates that CNM supplementation can enhance performance, physiological responses, and antioxidant status in heat-stressed fattening lambs, highlighting its potential to mitigate heat stress effects in sheep farming.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141469047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic plasticity and thermal efficiency of temperature responses in two conspecific springtail populations from contrasting climates","authors":"Sagnik Sengupta ,&nbsp;Hans Petter Leinaas","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Temperature drives adaptation in life-history traits through direct effects on physiological processes. However, multiple life-history traits co-evolve as a life-history strategy. Therefore, physiological limitations constraining the evolution of trait means and phenotypic plasticity can be larger for some traits than the others. Comparisons of thermal responses across life-history traits can improve our understanding of the mechanisms determining the life-history strategies. In the present study, we focused on a soil microarthropod species abundant across the Northern Hemisphere, <em>Folsomia quadrioculata</em> (Collembola), with previously known effects of macroclimate. We selected an arctic and a temperate population from areas with highly contrasting climates — the arctic tundra and a coniferous forest floor, respectively — and compared them for thermal plasticity and thermal efficiency in growth, development, fecundity, and survival across four temperatures for a major part of their life cycle. We intended to understand the mechanisms by which temperature drives the evolution of life-history strategies. We found that the temperate population maximized performance at 10–15 °C, whereas the arctic population maintained its thermal efficiency across a wider temperature range (10–20 °C). Thermal plasticity varied in a trait-specific manner, and when considered together with differences in thermal efficiency, indicated that stochasticity in temperature conditions may be important in shaping the life-history strategies. Our study suggests that adopting a whole-organism approach and including physiological time considerations while analysing thermal adaptation will markedly improve our understanding of plausible links between thermal adaptation and responses to global climate change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306456524001323/pdfft?md5=fa1975a05fd0ff355d2eee7fad55f864&pid=1-s2.0-S0306456524001323-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning thermal comfort prediction models based on occupant demographic characteristics","authors":"Ezgi Kocaman ,&nbsp;Merve Kuru Erdem ,&nbsp;Gulben Calis","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103884","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to investigate the predictive occupant demographic characteristics of thermal sensation (TS) and thermal satisfaction (TSa) as well as to find the most effective machine learning (ML) algorithms for predicting TS and TSa. To achieve this, a survey campaign was carried out in three mixed-mode buildings to develop TS and TSa prediction models by using six ML algorithms (Logistic Regression, Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighborhood (KNN) and Support Vector Machine). The prediction models were developed based on six demographic characteristics (gender, age, thermal history, education level, income, occupation). The results show that gender, age, and thermal history are significant predictors of both TS and TSa. Education level, income, and occupation were not significant predictors of TS, but were significant predictors of TSa. The study also found that RF and KNN are the most effective ML algorithms for predicting TS, while DT and RF are the most effective ML algorithms for predicting TSa. The study found that the accuracy of TS prediction models ranges from 83% to 99%, with neutral being the most correctly classified scale. The accuracy of TSa prediction models ranges from 84% to 97%, with dissatisfaction being the most common misclassification.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141398640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infrared thermogram image guided discontinuous appearances of hyaluronic acid for classification of arthritic knee joints","authors":"Puja Das ,&nbsp;Satyabrata Nath ,&nbsp;Ranjan Gupta ,&nbsp;Sourav Dey Roy ,&nbsp;Mrinal Kanti Bhowmik","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The liveliness of a human potentially depends on his/her smooth movability. To accomplish the work of daily life, the joints of the body need to be healthy. However, the occurrence of Rheumatoid arthritis and Osteoarthritis has a significant prevalence towards the immovability of humankind. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and Osteoarthritis (OA) mostly affect the joints of the hand and knee which result in lifelong pain, inability to climb, walk, etc. In the early stages, these diseases attack the synovial membrane and synovial fluid, and further it destroys the soft tissues and bone structure. By early diagnosis, we can start the treatment in the early stage which may cure these diseases with such extreme consequences. As per clinical studies of previous literature, it is observed that synovial fluid imbalance appears in the early stage of such diseases and Hyaluronic Acid (HA) concentration also decreases for that. Therefore, estimation of HA is a significant key to arthritis disease classification and grading. In this paper, we proposed a hybrid framework for classification of arthritic knee joints based on the analysis of the discontinuous appearances of the HA concentration using infrared imaging technology. To meet up the specific necessities, firstly we have proposed a modified K-Means clustering algorithm for extraction of the region of interest (ROI) i.e., the knee joint surface. Secondly, a mathematical formulation is proposed to calculate the concentration of HA from the segmented ROIs. This experimental process was implemented on the publicly available IR (Infrared) Knee Joint Dataset and for further evaluation of the novelty of mathematical formulation, we have extended the proposed work to the classification of healthy and arthritis affected knee joints depending on significant discriminative characteristics of the HA concentration with respect to the existing significant imaging features. Experimental results and analysis demonstrates that concentration of HA has the dominant potential for classifying healthy and arthritic knee joints using infrared holistic images. Our experimental analysis reveals that estimation and combination of the HA concentration features with conventional handcrafted and deep features increases the classification performance with an average accuracy of 91% and 97.22% respectively as compared to the each individual feature sets.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bat thermoregulation in the heat: seasonal variation in evaporative cooling capacities in four species of European bats","authors":"Zenon J. Czenze ,&nbsp;Matthew J. Noakes ,&nbsp;Michał S. Wojciechowski","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Phenotypic flexibility is an important source of physiological variation in endotherms and plays an integral role in species’ response to rapid environmental changes. Studies of phenotypic flexibility have focused on winter acclimatization and cold endurance, and there are fewer data on summer acclimatization and adjustments in heat dissipation capacity, especially in Temperate-Zone species. We used indirect calorimetry and thermometry to test if thermoregulation at high air temperatures (<em>T</em>_a) varies between spring and summer in four species of European vespertilionid bats: <em>Nyctalus noctula</em>, <em>Pipistrellus nathusii</em>, <em>P</em>. <em>pygmaeus</em>, and <em>P</em>. <em>pipistrellus</em>. We measured subcutaneous body temperature (<em>T</em>_sub), evaporative water loss, and resting metabolic rate while exposing bats to a stepped profile of increasing <em>T</em>_a, from 28 °C–48 °C. We predicted that during summer, bats increase heat tolerance and evaporative cooling capacity, to better tolerate hotter <em>T</em>_as. In contrast, we found lower maximum ratios of evaporative heat loss (EHL) to metabolic heat production (MHP) during summer, but no seasonal differences in maximum <em>T</em>_a tolerated or <em>T</em>_sub. The main cause of this seasonal difference in maximum EHL/MHP seems to be from bats increasing EWL more gradually with increasing <em>T</em>_a in summer than spring, particularly in the smaller <em>Pipistrellus</em> species. Therefore, this seasonal variation in heat-dissipation strategies may reflect enhanced water conservation during summer to avoid dehydration, as bats are confined to roosts for longer and hotter days compared to spring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306456524001293/pdfft?md5=8d268dd875f6a9c2a23984f411cac953&pid=1-s2.0-S0306456524001293-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141590637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of cold water immersion and partial body cryotherapy on subsequent exercise performance and thermoregulatory responses in hot conditions","authors":"Zigui Zhou,&nbsp;Yuchen Su,&nbsp;Yuge Wu,&nbsp;Fanjun Qin,&nbsp;Xinyan Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated the effects of cold water immersion (CWI) and partial body cryotherapy (PBC) applied within a 15-min post-exercise recovery period on thermoregulatory responses, subjective perceptions, and exercise performance under hot conditions (39 °C). Twelve male soccer players participated in team-sports-specific assessments, including Agility T-test (T-test), 20-m sprint test (20M-ST), and Yo-Yo Intermittent Endurance Test Level 1 (YY-T), during two exercise bouts (1^st bout and 2^nd bout) with a 15-min post-exercise recovery period. Within the recovery period, a 3-min of PBC at −110 °C or CWI at 15 °C or a seated rest (CON) was performed. Mean skin temperature (T_skin) decreased by 4.3 ± 1.08°C (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) immediately after PBC, while CWI induced a reduction of 2.5 ± 0.21°C (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). Furthermore, PBC and CWI consistently reduced T_skin for 15 and 33 min, respectively (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). During the 2^nd bout, core temperature (T_core) was significantly lower in PBC compared to CON (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Heart rate (HR) was significantly lower in CWI compared to CON and PBC during the intervention period. Thermal sensation (TS) was significantly greater in PBC compared to CON and CWI (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Compared to the 1^st bout, PBC alleviated the declines in T-test (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and 20M-ST (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), while CWI alleviated the decreases in T-test (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and YY-T (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), concurrently significantly enhancing 20M-ST (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). 20M-ST and YY-T was greater from PBC (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and CWI (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) compared with CON in 2^nd bout. Additionally, the T-test in CWI was significantly greater than CON (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). These results indicate that both PBC and CWI, performed between two exercise bouts, have the potential to improve thermoregulatory strain, reduce thermal perceptual load, and thereby attenuate the subsequent decline in exercise performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030645652400144X/pdfft?md5=7d4bc1eeb98b361baa687ad33f4a57b6&pid=1-s2.0-S030645652400144X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141878959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of seven days heat stress on feed and water intake, milk characteristics, blood parameters, physiological indicators, and gene expression in Holstein dairy cows","authors":"Jang-Hoon Jo ,&nbsp;Jalil Ghassemi Nejad ,&nbsp;Hye-Ran Kim ,&nbsp;Hong-Gu Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examined the effects of 7 days of heat stress on eight early lactating Holstein cows in climate-controlled chambers. The early lactating Holstein cows (42 ± 2 days in milk, 29.27 ± 0.38 kg/day milk yield, 1.21 ± 0.05 parity) were subjected to two 14-day periods, each consisting of 7 days of adaptation and 7 days of heat stress. Conditions were set to 22 °C and 50% humidity during adaptation, followed by heat stress periods with low-temperature, low-humidity (LTLH, 71 THI) and high-temperature, high-humidity (HTHH, 86 THI) treatments. Data from the last 7 days were analyzed using a mixed procedure in SAS. In the study, the HTHH group displayed marked physiological and biochemical changes on 14 days of heat stress exposure compared to the LTLH group. Firstly, the HTHH group's dry matter intake decreased by approximately 12% while their water intake increased by about 23%. Secondly, both milk yield and milk protein production in the HTHH group decreased by 10% and 20%, respectively. Thirdly, there was a reduction in white blood cells, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and platelets in the HTHH group, with concurrent increases in glucose, non-esterified fatty acids, and albumin concentrations. Additionally, the HTHH group exhibited elevated plasma concentrations of cortisol and haptoglobin. Moreover, the gene expression of heat shock protein 70 and heat shock protein 90 was significantly upregulated in the HTHH group's peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Lastly, key physiological indicators such as rectal temperature, heart rate, and skin temperature showed substantial elevations in the HTHH group. Considering the enormous negative effects observed in the analyzed blood metabolites, milk yield and compositions, and heat shock protein gene expression, early lactating Holstein cows were found to be more vulnerable to HTHH than LTLH over a 7 days exposure to heat stress.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}