Journal of the Japanese Society of Starch Science最新文献

{"title":"Effects of L-Ascorbic Acid and Sodium D-Isoascorbate on Breadmaking in a Domestic Breadmaking Apparatus","authors":"N. Morita, Li Zhang, Yukihiro Yamaguchi","doi":"10.5458/JAG1972.40.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5458/JAG1972.40.35","url":null,"abstract":"L一アスコルビン酸(L-AsA)の異性体であるエリスロビン酸ナトリウム(D-AsA-Na)を用い,製パンの品質改良剤としての効果を検討するとともに,これらの添加物の小麦粉ドウおよび澱粉に対する影響を検討し,次の結果を得た. 1) AsAオキシダーゼを含む中性緩衝液中の30分の反応で,D-AsAは約50%,レAsAは約90%酸化された. 2) L型,D型のAsA(100 ppm)を製パン材料に添加後の製パン中のドウに残存する添加物量は30分のミキシングで,D-AsAは約10%, L-AsAでは約4%であった. 3) D-AsA-Na 20 ppmの添加により焼成後のパンの比容積は,無添加のコントロールに比べ明らかな増大効果がみられたが,その添加量が多くても少なくても減少した. 4) 混捏中のドウの物性をファリノグラフィーにより調べるとD-AsA-Naの添加によりD-AsA,コントロールに比べ安定性も長く,良好な結果が得られた.また,ドウの構造変化をSEMによって調べたところ,繊維状の部分も認められL-AsAとコントロールの中間的な変化を示した.ドウ中の澱粉の糊化ピーク温度は81℃ となり,L-AsAとコントロールのほぼ中間的な値を示した. 以上の結果,D-AsA-Naの添加によりグルテン分子中のSH基がおだやかに酸化され, SS架橋結合を形成し,グルテンの澱粉粒の包み込みに変化がおこりLンAsAとコントロールのほぼ中間的な挙動をしたと考えられる.","PeriodicalId":17372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Starch Science","volume":"50 1","pages":"35-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81651065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical Properties of Japanese Arrowhead (Sagittaria trifolia L, war. sinensis Makino) Starcht","authors":"A. Suzuki, M. Kaneyama, K. Shibanuma, Y. Takeda, Abe Junichi, S. Hizukuri","doi":"10.5458/JAG1972.40.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5458/JAG1972.40.41","url":null,"abstract":"Starch was separated from arrowhead corms . The starch contained a high level of amylose (25.6%) among the popular starches and 53 ppm of organic phosphorus, and showed Ca X-ray diffraction pattern. The d, p. n, and apparent d. p, distribution of amylose were 2840, 7080, and 570-21300, respectively. The c . 1. n of amylose and amylopectin were 420 and 20. 2, respectively. The onset gelatinization temperature measured by photopastegraphy was low at 49.5°C. The pasting properties of the starch by a Rapid Visco Analyzer were the most similar to those of sweet potato starch among some popular starches tested, but arrowhead starch showed a little lower pasting temperature and higher breakdown than sweet potato starch. The retrogradation tendency of the aqueous paste showed also similar to that of sweet potato starch.","PeriodicalId":17372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Starch Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"41-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87402946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventive Effect of Oligosaccharides against Denaturation of Carp Myofibrillar Protein Caused by Freeze-Drying","authors":"I. Matsumoto, S. Nakano, T. Nakakuki","doi":"10.5458/jag1972.40.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5458/jag1972.40.29","url":null,"abstract":"0～3.7%の間の濃度のオリゴ糖共存下でコイ筋原繊維懸濁液を凍結乾燥すると,筋原繊維Ca2+-ATPaseは,初期の数時間後まで速やかに失活して最小値に達し,後期はその値を維持した.そこで初期の筋原繊維Ca2+-ATPaseの失活の一次反応速度(kD)を求めると,logkDと濃度は反比例するので,その勾配(e)を防止効果として表した.また,後期における筋原繊維Ca2+-ATPaseの残存活性の対数値と濃度の間には比例関係が成立するので,凍結乾燥による筋原繊維Ca2+-ATPaseの失活を完全に阻止するために必要なオリゴ糖の濃度の理論値を外挿して求めた.その結果,e値の高いオリゴ糖ほど凍結乾燥による筋原繊維Ca2+-ATPaseの失活を阻止する最小濃度は低いこと,またいずれのオリゴ糖も5～9%の添加で十分効果をあげることができることが示された. これに対して,log kDとモル1農度も反比例するのでその直線の勾配を別の防止効果(E値)として平均分子量当りの変性防止効果の強さを表し,高純度のグルコースおよびオリゴ糖と比較した.その結果,フジオリゴは,数種類の糖が混合しているが,その糖組成中に保護効果の強いマルトテトラオース,あるいはそれ以上の重合度を有するオリゴ糖が多く含まれるもの,さらに防止効果の弱いグルコース,マルトースの含量が少ないものほど変性防止効果は強いと思われた.","PeriodicalId":17372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Starch Science","volume":"5 1","pages":"29-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78562615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Listing of 72 Starch Samples from Wild Plants in Japan According to the Plant Classification","authors":"S. Fujimoto, T. Suganuma, T. Nagahama","doi":"10.5458/JAG1972.40.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5458/JAG1972.40.49","url":null,"abstract":"The authors have isolated a number of starches from wild plants in Japan, predominantly in Kagoshima Prefecture, and studied some of their chemical and physicochemical properties over the past 15 years. Among them, 72 starch samples were summarized in a table : these starches were classified according to the plant classification. The starch storage plants were discussed on the relationship between their storage organs (tissues) and the families of the plant classification.","PeriodicalId":17372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Starch Science","volume":"53 1","pages":"49-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77211692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visualization of Characters of 72 Starch Samples from Wild Plants in Japan","authors":"S. Fujimoto, T. Suganuma, T. Nagahama","doi":"10.5458/JAG1972.40.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5458/JAG1972.40.55","url":null,"abstract":"Among the properties of starch samples, four terms were selected, i. e., the mean of granular size, the apparent amylose content, the maximum viscosity and the gelatinization temperature, and analyzed statistically to get their histograms and correlations . The cross-shaped graphics for the four terms was attempted for the respective starch to visualize its characters . Based on the graphs the characters of starches from wild plants in Japan were discussed from aspects of their starch storage organs (tissues), their families in the plant classification etc .","PeriodicalId":17372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Starch Science","volume":"30 1","pages":"55-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82405444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Some Relationships between Administration of 4G-β-D-Galactosylsucrose (\"Lactosucrose, \" LS) and Abdominal Symptoms","authors":"K. Mikuni, Koki Fuiita, Emiko Sakakibara, N. Kuwahara, M. Ogata","doi":"10.5458/JAG1972.40.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5458/JAG1972.40.15","url":null,"abstract":"O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-α-D-glucopyranosy1-(1←2)-β-D-fructofuranoside(“ ラクトスクロース”LS)の摂取量と一過性の下痢との関係を男女の健常人のボランティア84人を被験者として,3日間以上の間隔をおき試験を行った. 1) LSの摂取量0.4g/体重kg以下においては,摂 取後の便の状態で泥水状および水様状便の男女とも発生例はなかった.腹部症状は性別に関係なく,対照のラクトース摂取と同程度であった. 2) LSの摂取量0.69/体重kgにおいては,対照のショ糖,ラクトース摂取と比較して軟便化の傾向がみられた.腹部症状は対照と比較して,グル音,お腹が張る,放庇の症例が多くみられた. 3) LSを摂取して,水様性下痢を生じた場合を「作用プラス」と定義したとき,女性の最大無作用量は,0.69/体重kg,男性では0.69/体重kgに近い値である. 4) 本試験では被験者の半数が下痢を生じる摂取量(ED50)は,男女ともに0.89/体重kgより大きい値であることが明らかとなった.","PeriodicalId":17372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Starch Science","volume":"9 1","pages":"15-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89257903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of Glucosylxyluloside Using Sucrose Phosphorylase","authors":"Hideki Takahashi, K. Hara, H. Hashimoto, Takashi Sasaki, H. Taniguchi","doi":"10.5458/JAG1972.40.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5458/JAG1972.40.1","url":null,"abstract":"Synthesis of glucosylxyluloside (Glc-Xul) by the action of sucrose phosphorylase [EC 2.4. 1.7] from Leuconostoc mesenteroides was studied . In the transfer reaction using equimolar amount of a-D-glucose-l-phosphate (G-1-P) and D-xylulose, about 25% of D-xylulose was converted into Glc-Xul, whereas only 17% of D-fructose was converted into sucrose when D-fructose was used instead of D-xylulose . In the transfer reaction using equimolar amount of sucrose andD-xylulose, more than 60% of D-xylulose was converted into Glc -Xul . It was found that more than 80% of added D-xylulose was converted into Glc-Xul when the molar ratio of sucrose to D-xylulose was increased to 3.","PeriodicalId":17372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Starch Science","volume":"36 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79373092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of β-Glucooligosaccharides on the Human Intestinal Microflora","authors":"T. Unno, M. Sugawara, T. Nakakuki, G. Okada","doi":"10.5458/JAG1972.40.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5458/JAG1972.40.21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Starch Science","volume":"31 1","pages":"21-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86386830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structures of Rice, Maize and Other Plant Starches","authors":"Y. Takeda","doi":"10.5458/JAG1972.40.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5458/JAG1972.40.61","url":null,"abstract":"Structures of amyloses and amylopectins of rice (japonica and indica), maize (normal, sugary-2, amylomaize) and other nine origins have been examined by the methods involving newly devised procedures, and were found to be of characteristic in the origins. Ultra-centrifugation of crude amyloses from exhaustively defatted starches was effective for purification. Purified amyloses having iodine affinities (i. a., g/100 g) of 19.4-21.7 were confirmed to be free of amylopectin by gel-permeation chromatography. Amyloses had various sizes [number-average d. p. (d. p.n) 690-5090], numbers (1.9-12.4) of chains and average chain-length (c.1. 200-525), and were composed of linear and slightly branched (4.9-19.3 chains on average) molecules in various ratios (branched molecule; 11-70% by mole). Branched molecules appeared to be larger than linear molecules. Several varieties of rice and maize had generally a small amylose (d. p.n, rice 920-1110, maize 690-960) and branched molecule with a small number (d. p.n, rice 5.7-9.7, maize 4.9-6.1) of chains compared with the other plants. Branched molecules of rice (Nihonbare) and maize (normal, unknown sp.) had side-chains with wide d. p. distribution (about 6-4000) with a peak d. p. of about 20, and the rice branched molecule was 1.6 times as large as the linear molecule. Rice and maize amylopectins had i. a. of 0.39-2.57 and 0.8-4.63, respectively, and c. 1. of 19-21 and 20-32, respectively, while amylopectins from the other origins had i. a. of 0-0.51 and c.1. of 21-24. Amylopectins with a high i. a. were found to be composed of a large amount of very long chains (d. p. >100) and a small amount of short (weight-average d. p. about 20) or long (d. p.n about 45) chains. The very long chains appeared to be poorly branched. Amylomaize starches were comprised of amylopectin components with various sizes and an unusual, short chain component having d. p.n, of about 90 and about 2 chains on average. The amylose content of starch has to be calculated by considering amylopectin i. a, since its i. a. differed in the origins. Indica rice starches had the same amylose content (about 18%) as japonica rice starches.","PeriodicalId":17372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Starch Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"61-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84608818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conversion of Sucrose into Cellobiose Using Sucrose Phosphorylase, Xylose Isomerase and Cellobiose Phosphorylase","authors":"M. Kitaoka, Takashi Sasaki, H. Taniguchi","doi":"10.5458/JAG1972.39.281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5458/JAG1972.39.281","url":null,"abstract":"Cellobiose was synthesized from sucrose by coupling reactions of sucrose phosphorylase, xylose isomerase and cellobiose phosphorylase in the presence of a catalytic amount of inorganic phosphate (Pi). When a reaction mixture (10 ml) containing 200 mM sucrose (684 mg), 20 mM Pi, 0.26 U/ml sucrose phosphorylase, 0.034 U/ml xylose isomerase and 0.21 U/ml cellobiose phosphorylase in 50 mM imidazol-HC1 buffer (pH 7.0) was incubated at 37°C, the concentration of cellobiose in the reaction mixture reached 147 mM after 100 hr (yield 73%). Finally, 286 mg of crystalline β-cellobiose was recovered from the reaction mixture by charcoal column chromatography and crystallization.","PeriodicalId":17372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese Society of Starch Science","volume":"82 1","pages":"281-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74183545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}