Journal of Radiation Research最新文献

{"title":"Radiobiological effects of flattening filter and flattening filter free radiotherapy x-ray on inflammatory and apoptotic pathways in cardiac and pulmonary tissues in an MCF-7 xenograft breast cancer model.","authors":"Fatih Hacımustafaoğlu, Serhat Aras, Yalçın Erzurumlu, Burcu Çaykara Peran","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag046","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated early inflammatory and apoptotic molecular responses in heart and lung tissues following flattening filter (FF) and flattening filter-free (FFF) radiotherapy in a murine MCF-7 xenograft breast cancer model. Mice received a single 20 Gy fraction in FF (400 MU/min) or FFF (1820 MU/min) mode, and cardiopulmonary tissues were analyzed 48 h post-irradiation. Gene expression of Tnf, Il1b, Nfkb and p53 was assessed by RT-qPCR, while NF-κB p65 activation and caspase-3-mediated apoptosis were evaluated by western blot. Both irradiation modalities significantly increased inflammatory cytokine expression and NF-κB signaling compared with controls (P < 0.05), with consistently stronger responses following FFF irradiation. Lung p53 expression increased progressively across tumor-bearing and irradiated groups, indicating enhanced DNA damage signaling, while elevated cleaved caspase-3 levels reflected apoptotic activation, particularly in irradiated groups. Overall, high-dose-rate FFF radiotherapy elicits more pronounced early inflammatory and apoptotic responses in non-target heart and lung tissues than conventional FF delivery, highlighting the importance of incorporating normal tissue radiobiological effects into high-dose-rate radiotherapy strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"516-524"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148396901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mid-treatment MRI-based tumor volume reduction rate as a continuous prognostic factor after chemoradiation for cervical cancer: development and two-center internal-external validation.","authors":"Takashi Saito, Keiritsu Sho, Tsukasa Saida, Taisuke Sumiya, Keiichiro Baba, Motohiro Murakami, Haruko Numajiri, Ayumi Shikama, Masashi Mizumoto, Kazushi Maruo, Akinori Oki, Toshiyuki Okumura, Yoshio Tamaki, Toyomi Satoh, Hideyuki Sakurai","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag043","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to quantify the continuous association of the mid-treatment MRI-based tumor volume reduction rate (TVRR) with oncologic outcomes after chemoradiation for cervical cancer and to develop prognostic models assessed by two-center internal-external cross-validation (IECV). A retrospective analysis was performed in patients with FIGO 2009 stage IB-IVA disease treated with definitive chemoradiation at two centers from 2010 to 2021 with both pre- and mid-treatment pelvic MRI during external beam radiotherapy (24-36 Gy). Pre- and mid-treatment volumes (Vpre, Vmid) were derived and TVRR was defined as (Vpre - Vmid)/Vpre × 100%. Cox models were used to evaluate overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), and a Fine-Gray model was used for local control (LC), modeling TVRR with a penalized spline and adjusting for key covariates. IECV assessed discrimination and 60-month calibration for OS and PFS. The analysis included 281 patients (median age 59 years; squamous cell carcinoma 85%; FIGO 2009 stage III-IV 60%; node-positive 56%) with 65 deaths, 97 PFS events, and 27 local failures over a median follow-up period of 69.6 months. Higher TVRR was independently associated with better outcomes: per 10-percentage-point (pp) increase, OS hazard ratio (HR) 0.71 (95% CI, 0.64-0.79; P < 0.001), PFS HR 0.74 (0.68-0.81; P < 0.001), and LC subdistribution HR 0.68 (0.58-0.80; P < 0.001). Non-linear components were not significant. Discrimination was moderate-high (C 0.73-0.81 internally; 0.72-0.79 in IECV) with acceptable 60-month calibration. In conclusion, mid-treatment MRI-based TVRR provides a strong, near-linear prognostic signal and enables threshold-free, calibrated risk estimation and supports design of risk-adapted trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"634-647"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148330587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial-targeted SS-31 peptide attenuates radiation-induced cardiomyocyte senescence.","authors":"Lixin Xie, Jinzi Wu, Jiaojiao Fan, Kimberly J Krager, Nukhet Aykin-Burns, Songlin Li, Elisabet Børsheim, Xingyun Qi, Marjan Boerma, Huiliang Zhang","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag048","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure to ionizing radiation, such as from radiation therapy or accidental radiation exposure can have adverse effects on the heart. While radiation injury in the heart may include cardiomyocyte senescence, there are no available strategies to prevent this phenomenon. This study evaluated the effects of the mitochondrial-targeted peptide SS-31 (elamipretide) on radiation-induced cell senescence in cardiomyoblast H9C2 cells and human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Exposure to γ-radiation at doses of 2, 5, and 10 Gy inhibited H9C2 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, and induced senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining, a gold standard of cell senescence. Treatment with SS-31 (1 μM) for 7 days reduced SA-β-gal positive staining from 67% to 38% in H9C2 cells under 10 Gy radiation. SS-31 also prevented increases in the expression of p16 and p21, two well-accepted senescence markers, in irradiated H9C2 cells and hiPSC-CMs. SS-31 decreased the canonical senescence-associated secretory phenotype markers TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. SS-31 also reversed the BAX/bcl-2 ratio, a marker of mitochondrial-related apoptosis. Moreover, SS-31 mitigated mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species. Interestingly, we found that a dose of 10 Gy increased mitochondrial respiration, and SS-31 reversed this elevation. This study suggests that SS-31 is a promising compound that may prevent radiation-induced cardiomyocyte senescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"525-537"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148456170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of information on acceptance of the final disposal of soils removed after the Fukushima accident and negative emotional responses to it.","authors":"Michio Murakami, Momo Takada, Yukihide Shibata, Kosuke Shirai, Susumu Ohnuma, Tetsuo Yasutaka","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag035","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"673-676"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147964139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symposium on evacuation and shelter-in-place strategies in nuclear disasters: preventing disaster-related deaths.","authors":"Chihiro Matsumoto, Toyoaki Sawano, Michio Murakami, Shogo Takahara, Kaori Muto, Hiroyuki Beniya, Masaharu Tsubokura","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag010","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>On 27 September 2024, at the 67th Annual Meeting of the Japan Radiation Research Society at the Kitakyushu International Conference Center in Kokura City, the program organizers held a symposium titled 'Symposium on Evacuation and Shelter-in-place Strategies in Nuclear Disasters: Preventing Disaster-Related Deaths.' This symposium aimed to examine practical disaster-prevention strategies at the operational level in disaster-affected areas during nuclear disasters and featured presentations and general discussions with four speakers. The topics included evacuation during the Great East Japan Earthquake and Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident; ethical problems regarding medical policy during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic; on-site issues in supporting areas affected by the Noto Peninsula earthquake; and estimates of the effect of reducing radiation exposure by shelter-in-place in four scenarios during a nuclear disaster. The discussion provided insights into decision-making processes during nuclear disasters. The symposium concluded that government must collaborate with medical and nursing care professionals to develop specific disaster-prevention measures. These plans should be tailored to the particular circumstances of the disaster and the unique conditions of each facility.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"677-682"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148471458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal combination of heart and lung dose parameters in radiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study.","authors":"Tomohiko Miyazaki, Koichi Yasuda, Hiroshi Taguchi, Hideki Minatogawa, Tetsuya Inoue, Rikiya Takashina, Manami Otsuka, Keiji Nakazato, Noriaki Nishiyama, Keiji Kobashi, Izuru Otake, Jun Sakakibara-Konishi, Satoshi Oizumi, Hajime Kikuchi, Takayuki Hashimoto, Hidefumi Aoyama","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag034","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to identify the optimal combination of heart and lung dose parameters associated with overall survival (OS) in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma (LA-NSCLC) receiving radiotherapy. Data from 278 patients treated definitively for LA-NSCLC at three institutions between 1 April 2013 and 31 October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Lung and heart dose parameters were categorized into high- or low-dose groups based on predefined thresholds for subsequent analysis. Univariable analysis of OS was conducted for all dose group combinations. The combination with the lowest P-value was identified as the most promising and included in the multivariable analysis along with other clinical factors. The combinations of mean heart dose (MHD)/lung V40 (LV40) ('Vxx' denotes the percentage of organ volume receiving ≥xx Gy) and heart V5 (HV5)/LV40 yielded the lowest P-values (P = 0.021). The thresholds for these dose parameters were MHD ≤24.4 Gy, HV5 ≤63% and LV40 ≤7.7%, respectively. Multivariable analysis incorporating clinical factors identified age ≥65 years (HR: 2.06, P = 0.002), performance status ≥1 (Hazard ratio [HR]: 1.68, P = 0.024), chemoradiotherapy (HR: 0.28, P < 0.001), current smoking history (HR: 2.21, P < 0.001), gross tumor volume (HR: 1.43, P = 0.007) and the MHD/LV40 combination (HR: 2.35, P = 0.003) as independent prognostic factors. While exploratory, this study highlights the clinical significance of the MHD/LV40 combination as a prognostic factor; integrating these parameters radiotherapy for LA-NSCLC may improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"591-599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147941458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ensuring bladder volume reproducibility and reducing cone-beam computed tomography-related radiation exposure in prostate hypofractionated radiotherapy by a Certified Nurse in Radiation Oncology nursing.","authors":"Chiaki Shimada, Kentaro Ishii, Yoji Koorita, Ryuta Nakahara, Hideyuki Morimoto, Yasushi Itagaki, Shuji Yonekura","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag015","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of the Certified Nurse in Radiation Oncology nursing (CN-RO) has expanded to include support for ensuring treatment reproducibility and minimizing medical radiation exposure through radiation protection measures. In hypofractionated radiotherapy for prostate cancer, in which consistent pretreatment bladder volume is more critical than in conventional fractionation, whether CN-RO intervention contributes to bladder volume reproducibility and reduction of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) frequency, lowering radiation exposure, was investigated. Sixty prostate cancer patients undergoing hypofractionated radiotherapy (51.6 Gy in 12 fractions) were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty patients received CN-RO intervention (Current Intervention (CI) group), which involved dehydration risk assessment and bladder volume guidance using a handheld bladder ultrasound scanner from the first session. Forty patients received no such intervention (Previous Intervention (PI) group). Bladder volume reproducibility, calculated as treatment bladder volume divided by planning bladder volume, and the number of CBCT scans were compared between the groups. The target was to achieve ≥70% reproducibility and to initiate treatment with the first CBCT scan in all sessions. There was no significant difference in bladder volume at treatment planning between the groups (P = 0.851). Mean bladder volume reproducibility was significantly higher in the CI group (96.5 ± 12.0%) than in the PI group (86.9 ± 14.2%, P = 0.022). Treatment was initiated after the first CBCT scan in 95.4% of sessions in the CI group (229/240), compared with 80.0% in the PI group (384/480, P < 0.001). These results suggest that CN-RO intervention enhances bladder volume reproducibility and contributes to reduced radiation exposure through fewer CBCT scans.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"395-401"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13202308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147480946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comment on: 'Development of Linear Interpolation System for SMK model parameters Evaluated from Cellular-scale simulation (LISMEC) and its application to BNCT dosimetry'.","authors":"Kishankumar Mahida, Snehal Rajendra Jagtap","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag016","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"481-482"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13202342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147480880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fundamental evaluation of a novel upright shield to protect medical personnel from scattered radiation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography using a C-arm system.","authors":"Hiroki Ishii, Koichi Chida, Yohei Inaba, Shu Onodera, Shingo Kayano, Masahiro Sai","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag030","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medical personnel performing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are at a high risk of developing radiation-induced injuries, such as cataracts, due to scattered radiation, making the use of appropriate radiation protection equipment essential. We developed two types of upright shields attached to a C-arm system (under-couch tube position): one for the operator and the other for the anesthesiologist. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of these upright shields. We conducted a phantom study in typical ERCP settings and compared the scattered radiation doses between the C-arm system equipped with the upright shields and an over-couch tube system equipped with an ERCP-specific lead curtain. It was found that the upright shield for the operator reduced scattered radiation exposure by 90%, and the upright shield for the anesthesiologist reduced scattered radiation exposure by 86%. The upright shields for a C-arm system could be just as effective as the ERCP-specific curtain for an over-couch tube system. The use of the novel upright shields may eliminate the need for protective glasses and is expected to not only protect the eyes but also safeguard the thyroid and brain.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"384-394"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13202332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of nonspinal bony landmark-based image registration in CyberKnife ® robotic radiotherapy for pelvic and femoral bone tumors.","authors":"Yasuhide Miyabe, Hiromu Yamanaka, Hiroto Seki, Yusuke Muroi, Shinri Nakano, Ryota Yamazaki, Azusa Awaya, Jyunetsu Mizoe","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag028","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In stereotactic body radiotherapy for bone metastases using the CyberKnife system, spinal anatomy is generally employed as the alignment reference. However, when treating pelvic tumors such as those in the pubic bone or proximal femur, the spinal reference may be anatomically distant from the target, potentially compromising visualization and localization accuracy. This study evaluated the feasibility of using nonspinal bony landmarks, specifically the pubic bone and femoral neck, as reference points for image registration. Intrafractional positional deviations in six degrees of freedom and the frequency of intrafractional corrections were analyzed according to treatment site, including cases treated with conventional spine-based alignment. Alignment accuracy was visually and numerically verified by the treatment operator before beam delivery. Across all treatment sites, the mean translational and rotational deviations during treatment remained within ±0.5 mm and ± 0.5°, respectively. Furthermore, no substantial differences were observed in the mean frequency of intrafractional corrections among the different alignment approaches. These findings demonstrate that nonspinal tumor-adjacent bony landmarks can provide clinically acceptable accuracy comparable to conventional spine-based registration. To our knowledge, this is the first study to systematically assess the clinical feasibility of this approach in CyberKnife-based pelvic radiotherapy. The proposed method may serve as a practical and reliable alternative to spine-based alignment, particularly when the spine is remote from the target.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"473-480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13202333/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}