Journal of Radiation Research最新文献

{"title":"Correction to: Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score is predictive of prognosis for non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy: a retrospective study.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jrr/rrag099","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LINAC-based single-isocenter stereotactic radiotherapy for multiple brain metastases.","authors":"Hikaru Niitsu, Yoshio Tamaki, Yuichi Hiroshima, Motohiro Murakami, Reiko Kanuma, Toshiyuki Okumura, Yoshinobu Furuyama, Kazuya Shinoda, Hideyuki Sakurai","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag064","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in chemotherapy and radiotherapy have expanded indications for stereotactic radiosurgery/radiotherapy (SRS/SRT) for multiple brain metastases. We introduced the Elements Multiple Brain Mets System (mSRS/SRT system), using the dynamic conformal arc method with a single isocenter, for treatment of multiple brain metastases with SRS/SRT (mSRS/SRT). This study analyzed outcomes of mSRS/SRT. From December 2018 to March 2023, 29 patients (130 lesions) were treated using the mSRS/SRT system. The prescribed dose for the planning target volume, determined by D95%, was 21 or 18 Gy in a single fraction for a tumor diameter ≤2 cm and 27 Gy in 3 fractions or 35 Gy in 5 fractions for a tumor diameter >2 cm. Median follow-up time was 7.2 months. The 12-month overall survival rate was 48.5%, and systemic therapy after mSRS/SRT was associated with better overall survival. The 12-month lesion-based local recurrence rate was 14.4%, and larger tumor diameter was associated with poorer local control, whereas systemic therapy after mSRS/SRT was associated with better local control. The 12-month intracranial control rate was 43.6%, and non-lung primary tumors, a greater number of lesions, and systemic therapy before mSRS/SRT were associated with poorer intracranial control. Acute adverse events included 4 cases of Grade 1 headache, one of Grade 1 nausea, and one of Grade 2 alopecia. Brain necrosis was observed in 9 patients (13 lesions), and all cases were asymptomatic. These results suggest that the mSRS/SRT system may become a treatment option for multiple brain metastases, although further evaluation is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"820-828"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148727014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodological considerations on the estimation of non-initial radiation effects among Hiroshima atomic bomb survivors: a commentary on Ohtaki et al. (2025).","authors":"Hideto Takahashi, Koji Ono","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag052","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A recent study by Ohtaki et al. (Frontiers in Public Health, 2025) proposed that non-initial (residual) radiation contributed substantially to solid cancer mortality among Hiroshima atomic bomb survivors, estimating residual radiation doses exceeding 2 Sv in areas west of the hypocenter. This commentary examines four methodological considerations relevant to interpreting these findings. First, the study infers residual radiation dose from the same excess relative risk (ERR) used to assess cancer risk-a form of circular reasoning that precludes independent validation of the dose-response relationship. Second, the attribution of geographically asymmetric cancer mortality to a specific exposure mechanism is difficult to substantiate without individual-level data on potential confounders; a simple sensitivity analysis suggests that modest non-zero ERR in the assumed control region could substantially reduce the reported excess. Third, the cohort entry criterion of confirmed Hiroshima residency in 1970, approximately 25 years post-bombing, may introduce survivor and migration bias. Fourth, sex-differential behavioral factors following the bombing may confound the interpretation of sex-specific ERR estimates. These considerations do not negate the importance of the research question but suggest that the magnitude of residual radiation effects proposed by Ohtaki et al. warrants careful evaluation. Independent dosimetry and individual-level data are needed to clarify the role of residual radiation in long-term health outcomes among atomic bomb survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"880-882"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dosimetric evaluation of patient-side range shifters using two materials for superficial region treatment in spot scanning proton therapy: impact of material, air gap and setup distance.","authors":"Seiichi Ota, Tomohiro Kajikawa, Toshiyuki Ogata, Hisashi Takaya, Kenta Kijima, Tetsuya Okita, Norihiro Aibe","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag058","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the dosimetric characteristics of patient-side range shifters (RS) made of polymethyl methacrylate and high-density polyethylene for superficial region treatment in spot scanning proton therapy. The impact of air gap (AG) size and RS setup deviations on dose accuracy was investigated. A virtual water phantom and a simple volumetric beam arrangement were used for dose calculations in a treatment planning system employing a pencil beam algorithm with a triple Gaussian kernel. Gamma passing rates (GPRs) and point dose measurements were performed using a two-dimensional detector array and an ionization chamber, with AGs ranging from 0 to 110 mm. Results showed that GPRs exceeded 90% at depths of 9, 20 and 50 mm when the AG was within 80 mm, even under 2%/2 mm evaluation criteria. At AGs of 90-110 mm, reduced GPRs and >3% deviations in point dose measurements were observed at shallow depths. Setup deviation experiments were conducted by intentionally shifting the RS slab from the geometry used for reference measurements, and GPRs were evaluated relative to the corresponding measured reference at each original AG. The results indicated that shifts of up to ±10 mm from the reference AG had minimal dosimetric impact, with GPRs remaining above 96.8% under 1%/1 mm criteria. Maintaining the AG within 80 mm is recommended to ensure dosimetric accuracy. These findings suggest that patient-side RS systems can be a practical option in clinical scenarios where nozzle-mounted RS devices are not feasible.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"865-871"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148579019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dosimetric feasibility of carbon-ion radiotherapy for ocular melanomas with local effect model-based treatment planning system.","authors":"Yuze Yang, Jiayao Sun, Xue Ming, Weixu Hu, Lin Kong, Yinxiangzi Sheng","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag062","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluates the dosimetric feasibility of carbon-ion radiation therapy (CIRT) for ocular melanoma (OM) using a local effect model-I-based treatment planning system (TPS) combined with pencil beam scanning delivery. Cube-shaped targets were designed based on the experience of CIRT for OM at the National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST). Treatment plans used the local effect model-I-based TPS (Syngo® V13C, SIEMENS, Germany) prescribing an absorbed dose consistent with values reported in the literature. A conversion factor (CF) was established to convert the QST dose to LEM based relative biological effectiveness (RBE)-weighted dose. The physical doses were verified by an in-house Monte Carlo program and measurement. The CF for the LEM, equivalent to the QST RBE-prescribed dose of 70 Gy (RBE) over 5 fractions, was established as 0.65. The 3D gamma passing rate between TPS and MC was ≥94% using 3%-3 mm criteria. Mean dose deviations between the TPS and measurement were ≤±1.61% for all targets sizes except the smallest one (7 mm). Mean distance-to-agreement was <1 mm for all plans except one with a range shifter (distance-to-agreement = 2.92 mm). Phantom cases showed a lateral penumbra of 5.4-6.2 mm, and distal dose fall-off measures 3.6 and 5.6 mm. The results underscore the need for RBE-weighted dose conversion when applying QST's CIRT experience to OM treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"746-753"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148648732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative evaluation of taste dysfunction using electrogustometry in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing intensity-modulated radiation therapy and intensity-modulated proton therapy.","authors":"Tomoka Shima, Koichi Yasuda, Masaaki Suzuka, Shigeru Yamano, Akiko Takeuchi, Nanami Iwai, Yuta Kanno, Yasuhiro Dekura, Hideki Minatogawa, Yoshihiro Fujita, Tomohiko Miyazaki, Fuki Koizumi, Shuhei Takahashi, Hidefumi Aoyama, Kazuyuki Minowa","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag074","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Taste disorders are common adverse events in patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNC), significantly impairing quality of life. This study was performed to quantitatively evaluate taste function using electrogustometry (EGM) in patients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) or intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT). This retrospective study included 18 patients with HNC (15 men, 3 women; median age 61 years) treated with IMRT or IMPT. EGM and patient-reported taste questionnaires were assessed at baseline, completion of RT and 3, 6, and 12 months post-treatment. EGM thresholds were measured bilaterally at tongue sites using standardized protocols. All patients completed EGM assessments, while questionnaire data were partially missing at treatment completion. Longitudinal changes in objective and subjective taste function were analyzed to evaluate radiation-induced taste dysfunction and recovery patterns over 1 year. Patient-reported taste scores showed significant longitudinal changes across five time points (P < 0.001), worsening at completion of RT and gradually recovering thereafter. EGM thresholds also changed significantly over time (P < 0.001), although no significant effects of treatment group or interaction were observed. No significant differences between IMRT and IMPT groups were found for changes from baseline except at 12 months (P = 0.04). In this exploratory study, EGM demonstrated significant time-dependent changes in taste function after RT for HNC, with no significant differences between IMRT and IMPT in the primary analysis. IMPT showed a trend toward milder dysfunction, but findings are preliminary and require confirmation in larger prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"856-864"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The feasibility and toxicity of the second course of boron neutron capture therapy in recurrent head and neck cancer patients.","authors":"Yoshiaki Takagawa, Yoshihiro Takai, Takashi Ono, Ichiro Seto, Kanako Takayama, Shinya Komori, Ryohei Kato, Akihiko Takeuchi, Yuhei Yamazaki, Tomoaki Motoyanagi, Takahiro Kato, Michitaka Honda, Koji Kono","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag053","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The feasibility and safety of a second course of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) are unknown. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the treatment outcomes and toxicities in recurrent head and neck cancer (RHNC) patients who underwent BNCT twice at Southern TOHOKU BNCT Research Center. In total, 33 patients who underwent BNCT twice for RHNC at Southern TOHOKU BNCT Research Center between June 2020 and March 2024 were included. The indications for second BNCT were local recurrence or residual tumor after the first course. Eligible patients either declined salvage surgery or had no curative treatment options other than second BNCT. The median age was 65 years (range, 23-84 years), and the median interval from the first to the second BNCT was 4.1 months (range, 2.3-14.2 months). The median follow-up period after second BNCT was 27.3 months (range, 3.8-60.4 months), and the median survival time after second BNCT was 33.6 months. The 1-year/2-year overall survival and local control after second BNCT were 81.8%/57.1% and 38.3%/22.3%, respectively. The response rates to the first and second courses of BNCT were 81.8% and 70%, respectively. Acute and late Grade 3 or higher toxicities were observed in 5 (15.1%) and 20 patients (60.6%), respectively. Only one patient developed Grade 5 aspiration pneumonia. A second course of BNCT developed a high incidence of late Grade 3 or higher toxicities with limited clinical benefit. Therefore, it may be considered only in carefully selected patients without alternative treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"787-795"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148579016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting the Walburg hypothesis that radiation affects only tumor deaths but not non-tumor deaths in mice.","authors":"Nori Nakamura, Satoshi Tanaka, Ignacia Braga Tanaka, Yoshiya Shimada","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag063","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Starting in the 1950s or earlier, irradiation was found to shorten lifespans in mice, which raised the possibility that radiation science might contribute to an understanding of the nature of aging. However, in 1975, Walburg published a review paper to express his hypothesis that radiation exposure increases the risk of tumor deaths but not for non-tumor deaths. Subsequently, it became a mainstream belief that irradiation induces oncogenic mutations and thereby increases the risk of cancer and thus life shortening. However, we now think that the Walburg's hypothesis is not tenable as it did not include contradictory studies that were available before 1975, and additional contradictory papers were published after 1975; namely, all irradiated individuals are affected. If we accept the notion that irradiation shortens the lifespan of all individuals regardless of the cause of death, it suggests that irradiation may accelerate general aging. Based on these considerations and other available evidence in the field, the mutation induction theory appears untenable as the sole mechanism in radiation carcinogenesis. Under such conditions, the old hypothesis that radiation induces accelerated aging should be revived. Current knowledge in the field of natural aging supports the hypothesis that radiation causes DNA breaks, most of which are correctly repaired, but not at the chromatin level (chromatin fatigue) which leads to accelerated aging. The critical difference from the traditional mutagenesis model is that no stem cell mutagenesis is necessary to consider.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"694-702"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148976751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soluble factor-mediated enhancement of cell viability via plasma-induced bystander effects.","authors":"Misa Iizawa, Masao Suzuki, Ryo Ono","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag059","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A previous study has shown that gaseous plasma treatment can induce non-monotonic cellular responses, in which cell viability initially decreases with incubation time after treatment but subsequently increases with longer incubation times. In this study, we investigated whether such behavior can be explained by bystander effects mediated by soluble factors released from plasma-treated cells. To this end, conditioned medium obtained from plasma-treated B16F10 and Colon 26 cells was transferred to untreated cells, and the resulting cellular responses were evaluated. The results demonstrated that soluble factors released from damaged cells significantly increased cell viability in untreated cells in a hormesis-like manner. Furthermore, similar responses were observed for 2 different plasma sources, suggesting that this phenomenon is not specific to a particular plasma source. These findings suggest that soluble factor-mediated bystander effects contribute to plasma-induced cellular responses and provide insight into the non-monotonic behavior observed following plasma treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"724-732"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paradoxical enhancement of oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and impaired redox homeostasis by Glutaredoxin 1 overexpression in human HeLa cells.","authors":"Tingyi Zhao, Takahito Moriwaki, LanYun Yan, WeiZhi Wang, Qiu-Mei Zhang-Akiyama","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrag061","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrag061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oxidants, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidize intracellular molecules, such as lipids, proteins and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Cysteine thiol groups in proteins are particularly susceptible to oxidation, forming intra- and inter-protein disulfides or disulfide bonds with glutathione (GSH). Glutaredoxin 1 (GRX1), an antioxidant enzyme, reduces these disulfide bonds by oxidizing and subsequently regenerating them via GSH, GSH reductase and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). While antioxidants protect cells from oxidative stress, excessive amounts may be harmful. This study investigated the effects of the overexpression of GRX1 in human tetracycline-regulated expression (T-REx) HeLa cells exposed to γ-irradiation, H2O2 or heat shock. GRX1-overexpressing cells exhibited reduced survival and impaired proliferation under these conditions relative to controls. Intracellular oxidant levels, measured using 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, were elevated in these cells following oxidative stress. We conducted alkaline comet and micronucleus formation assays to assess DNA damage and measured γH2AX levels. The results revealed increased single-strand breaks and double-strand breaks in GRX1-overexpressing cells under oxidative stress. Additionally, in GRX1 overexpressing cells, NADPH recovery was delayed after stress, indicating impaired redox homeostasis. Moreover, the overexpression of GRX1 reduced the expression levels of the stress response factor JNK. This study highlights the complex role of GRX1 in cellular stress responses, suggesting that excessive antioxidant activity may paradoxically increase oxidative damage and impair stress adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":" ","pages":"733-745"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148604399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}