Journal of Radiation Research最新文献

{"title":"Role of radiation emergency medicine: historical view-a perspective on the past, present, and future.","authors":"Makoto Akashi","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrae037","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrae037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The more science progresses, the more life and society change. Medicine also changes with the times and the culture. This is also true for radiation emergency medicine, which includes dose-assessment leading to diagnosis, treatment, medical follow-up and prognosis of persons who have developed acute injury or illness due to radioactive contamination or radiation exposure. Before the report of X-rays by Roentgen, there was evidence that X-rays had been emitted from the electrically excited Crookes tube and that skin injury had been caused by the X-rays. Thus, the history of radiation and its exposure started before Roentgen. During the early stage of radiation use, people were simply exposed to radiation but were unaware of any danger. Radioactive materials were found soon after Roentgen's report, and contamination with these materials occurred. Together with the development of science and technology, sophisticated radiation devices were produced, and the use and application of radiation became much enhanced. New radionuclides were found one after another, leading to identification of different qualities of radiation. Development of nuclear physics allowed people to artificially produce radionuclides and to construct a nuclear reactor. After World War II, nuclear power plants were constructed, and related facilities such as nuclear fuel processing, reprocessing and spent fuel storage facilities were built. If radiation accidents or events occur at such facilities, radiation exposure with thermal or chemical burns could occur. Together with the expansion of globalism in the world and division in the society, there are now increasing concerns regarding the malicious usage of radiation by radiological dispersal devices (RDDs) including a dirty bomb. Upon detonation of RDDs, blast and thermal injuries with radiation exposure could be caused. In the present society, the natures of exposure to radiation and contamination with radioactive materials have become much more complicated. Not even mentioning the atomic bomb, the detonation of RDDs also necessitates scenarios of medical responses to complicated injuries and the involvement of numbers of people. This article looks back at the history of radiation and addresses the medical responses to radiation injuries that change with the times.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"65 Supplement_1","pages":"i24-i31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11647935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of genome instability by 53BP1 expression as a long-lasting health effect in human epidermis surrounding radiation-induced skin cancers.","authors":"Katsuya Matsuda, Hirokazu Kurohama, Yutaka Kuwatsuka, Akira Iwanaga, Hiroyuki Murota, Masahiro Nakashima","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrae035","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrae035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We previously reported endogenous activation of the DNA damage response (DDR) in the epidermis surrounding basal cell carcinoma resected from Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors, suggesting the presence of genomic instability (GIN) in the survivors as a late effect of radiation. Dual-color immunofluorescence (IF) analysis of TP53-binding protein-1 (53BP1) and a proliferative indicator, Ki-67, to elucidate GIN in tumor tissues revealed that abnormal 53BP1 expression is closely associated with carcinogenesis in several organs. The present study aimed to confirm the presence of radiation-induced GIN in the non-neoplastic epidermis of patients with radiation-induced skin cancer. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues were obtained from all participants between 2008 and 2019 at the Nagasaki University Hospital. 53BP1 nuclear expression was examined using dual-color IF analysis with Ki-67 expression to assess the extent and integrity of the DDR. Expressions of gamma-H2AX, p53 and p21 were also analyzed using the dual-color IF analysis for their association with 53BP1. The results of this study provide evidence for sporadic activation of the DDR in medically irradiated and ultraviolet-exposed epidermis as a long-lasting radiation effect, which is a predisposition to skin cancer. Furthermore, the incidence of abnormal 53BP1 expression in cancer cells was higher than in non-neoplastic epidermal cells surrounding cancer, suggesting a correlation between the type of 53BP1 and the malignant potential of skin tumors. This study highlights the usefulness of dual-color IF for 53BP1 (and Ki-67) as an indicator to estimate the level of GIN as a long-lasting health effect of radiation exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"65 Supplement_1","pages":"i57-i66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11647933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular vesicles role in radio(nuclide)therapy.","authors":"J Constanzo, J-P Pouget","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrae084","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrae084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conventional radiation therapy can restore the ability of cells to undergo immunogenic cell death. Recent preclinical studies suggest that targeted radionuclide therapy, which delivers radiation to tumors at a continuous low dose rate, also stimulates the immune system and offers a promising approach for overcoming resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this context, we examined the growing body of preclinical and clinical findings showing that the immune system can be activated by the release of extracellular vesicles from irradiated cells, contributing to the antitumor immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"65 Supplement_1","pages":"i6-i14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11647936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Networking in biological and physical retrospective dosimetry in Europe and beyond.","authors":"Elizabeth A Ainsbury","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrae072","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrae072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ionizing radiation is of huge benefit to society; however, the risks of radiation overexposure in occupational settings or due to accidents or other incidents are of growing concern, not least due to the potential implications for exposed individuals in terms of acute high dose (e.g. ARS) and/or longer term low dose health effects such as cancer or genetic effects. This manuscript considers the state of the art for biological and 'fortuitous' physical retrospective dose estimation either in blood or in materials being carried by suspected exposed individuals, respectively, in support of routine and emergency radiation incident response, and the potential future progress in this fascinating and active field. In recent years, international experts in this field have engaged in active collaboration and networking on support of these goals, and continued efforts in this area will ensure the global community remains ready to respond to radiation accidents and incidents. In addition, over and above improved dose and exposure characterization in the field of radiation emergency medicine, scientific developments in biological markers may contribute to potential contributions to individualized or stratified risk estimation in molecular epidemiology to assess long term, low dose radiation risk; in personalized medical dosimetry for better justification and optimization for use of radiation in such settings, and even perhaps for potential future situations involving radiation exposure, for example protection of individuals traveling to space.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"65 Supplement_1","pages":"i2-i5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11647918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation medicine from the perspective of radiation disaster medical science research.","authors":"Satoshi Tashiro","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrae085","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrae085","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"65 Supplement_1","pages":"i1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11647927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Fusobacterium nucleatum in the treatment of cancer, including radiotherapy and its future potential in esophageal cancer.","authors":"Manato Ohsawa, Hiromi Nishi, Manabu Emi, Toru Yoshikawa, Yoichi Hamai, Yuta Ibuki, Tomoaki Kurokawa, Ryosuke Hirohata, Nao Kitasaki, Miki Kawada-Matsuo, Hitoshi Komatsuzawa, Hiroyuki Kawaguchi, Morihito Okada","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrae061","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrae061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite advances in multimodality therapy, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and chemoradiation, the fatality rate for esophageal cancer remains high. Specifically, Fusobacterium nucleatum, due to its aggregation capacity, has shown a tendency to form biofilms. The biofilm-forming capabilities of microbial communities are of utmost importance in the context of cancer treatment, as they have been shown to drive significant losses in the efficaciousness of various cancer treatments. Therefore, elucidating the dynamics of F. nucleatum will be important for the development of effective treatments for esophageal cancer. Therefore, this review summarizes the current knowledge of F. nucleatum, its involvement in cancer and its impact on chemotherapy and radiation therapy. In conclusion, further research on the role of F. nucleatum is essential for the continued advancement of the treatment of esophageal cancer and patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"65 Supplement_1","pages":"i126-i134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11647932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What can we learn from high background radiation area (HBRA) studies in three Asian countries: India, China and Indonesia? Radiological aspects in various HBRAs.","authors":"Chutima Kranrod, Hiromi Kudo, Shinji Tokonami","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrae032","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrae032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiation is a pervasive natural phenomenon that has been present on earth since its inception. However, exposure to high background radiation levels can pose significant health risks to individuals living in affected areas. In recent years, several studies have been conducted in high background radiation areas (HBRAs), including high radon concentration areas, to understand the radiological aspects and the lessons learned of radiation exposure. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of radiological hazards and lessons learned from studies in high-background radiation areas in some countries of Asia (India, China and Indonesia). In this article, we will explore the hazards associated with radiation exposure from terrestrial radiation and additionally radon inhalation, the different studies conducted in HBRA and the lessons learned from these studies. Ultimately, this article aims to provide a better understanding of the radiological aspects of HBRAs and to identify the key lessons learned from previous studies to prevent future health risks. Likewise, research conducted in different high-background radiation areas in some countries of Asia has provided valuable insights into the radiological aspects of these areas and their potential impact on human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"65 Supplement_1","pages":"i32-i41"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11647924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142828431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observations of educational tourism utilizing dark tourism-emphasizing human interactions within recovering communities.","authors":"William D Y McMichael","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrae022","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrae022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As Fukushima grapples with ongoing challenges related to reputational damage, it is becoming increasingly imperative to establish an effective means for global audiences to access, comprehend, and support the region's recovery efforts. To achieve this, Fukushima Prefecture has been strategically organizing educational tours tailored for international visitors, operating under the umbrella of ``Hope Tourism.'' These tours aim to bring about positive change by dispelling negative perceptions, offering a nuanced understanding of Fukushima's ongoing revitalization, and fostering connections between visitors and local residents. This study aims to contribute to the understanding of such tourism by providing an overview of Hope Tourism and addressing the reputational challenges faced by the prefecture. It will illustrate how experiences in Dark Tourism can effectively reshape a region's place identity, and serve as a proactive measure to alter perceptions of visitors to disaster-affected communities. Additionally, the study will analyze the learning outcomes of Hope Tourism experiences through the Fukushima Ambassadors Program, a short-term study abroad initiative provided by Fukushima University since 2012, which incorporates elements of Dark Tourism. Through these analyses, this study seeks to offer insights into the potential of educational tourism as a tool for fostering global support and understanding in the face of reputational challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"65 Supplement_1","pages":"i15-i23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11647919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The summary of risk response on radioactive substances contained in food items in the aftermath of the Fukushima nuclear accident.","authors":"Naomi Hayashida, Itsuko Horiguchi","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrae020","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrae020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident occurred after the Great East Japan Earthquake on 11 March 2011. The regulations for food items contaminated with radioiodine or radioactive cesium were introduced immediately after the accident by establishing a tentative limit for the contamination level. These regulations excluded or minimized the excessive internal radiation exposure in Japan. Subsequently, the Food Safety Commission of the Japanese Cabinet Office established based on the Food Safety Basic Act evaluated the influence of food items on human health, and the information was reviewed to establish finalized reference values according to the Food Sanitation Act. This study aimed to compile a summary from published sources to examine the risk analysis conducted by the Japanese government over 5 years since the disaster occurred, which was carried out to prevent internal exposure to radioactive substances in food. Findings revealed that items exceeding the reference value were mostly found in the item group not under cultivation/feeding management. In addition, the risk management measures to prevent internal exposure to radioactive substances in food have proven to be effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"65 Supplement_1","pages":"i97-i105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11647925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Difficulties faced by three hospitals evacuated from the urgent protective action planning zone after the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear power plant accident.","authors":"Saori Nonaka, Toyoaki Sawano, Tomoyoshi Oikawa, Michio Murakami, Akihiko Ozaki, Tianchen Zhao, Makoto Yoshida, Chika Yamamoto, Masaharu Tsubokura","doi":"10.1093/jrr/rrae015","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jrr/rrae015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In radiological disasters, evacuating institutionalized individuals such as hospitalized patients and nursing home residents presents complex challenges. The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear power plant (FDNPP) accident, triggered by the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE), exposed critical issues in evacuation planning. This case series investigates the evacuation difficulties encountered by three hospitals situated 20 to 30 km from the FDNPP following the GEJE and FDNPP accident. Data collection involved reviewing records, stakeholder interviews and analyzing publicly available resources. Six key challenges emerged: acute phase influx-hospitals faced an abrupt surge in patients, including trauma victims and vulnerable individuals; initial discharge and transfers-coordinating patient discharges and transfers during the chaotic aftermath proved daunting; staff shortages-evacuation and personal factors lead to reduced staffing levels and strained hospital capabilities; infrastructure damage and logistics suspension-infrastructure issues, such as burst water pipes, halted gas supplies, and heavy oil shortage disrupted hospital operations; unclear evacuation criteria-ad hoc evacuation decisions underscored the lack of clear criteria; and limited preparation time-minimal preparation time hindered communication and planning. These findings underscore the need for robust disaster planning, resource management, and communication strategies to ensure the safety of patients and staff during radiological emergencies. Government interventions, early patient discharge, and improved medical record communication may alleviate the burden of evacuation. The lessons learned emphasize the importance of maintaining hospital functions in disaster-prone areas, particularly for vulnerable populations, and highlight the necessity for comprehensive community-wide disaster prevention planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":16922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"65 Supplement_1","pages":"i67-i79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11647931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}