Journal of psychiatric research最新文献

{"title":"Persons at risk for psychosis overestimate social functioning compared to persons with major depressive disorder and community controls","authors":"Joshua E. Mervis ,&nbsp;Franchesca S. Kuhney ,&nbsp;Madisen T. Russell ,&nbsp;Kyle Kinney ,&nbsp;Thomas M. Olino ,&nbsp;Vijay A. Mittal ,&nbsp;Jason Schiffman ,&nbsp;Lauren M. Ellman","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poor insight is common in persons with psychosis, but treatment can improve insight. Individuals with psychosis who exhibit better insight have better social functioning, reduced negative symptoms, and paradoxically worse depression. There is limited research investigating insight among persons at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR).</div><div>Understanding the relationship between insight, social functioning, negative symptoms, and depression might inform treatment. We focused on introspective bias (IB), the overestimation or underestimation of social functioning. Persons with CHR (N = 36), Major Depressive Disorder (MDD; N = 164), and community controls (N = 60) were recruited from the Multisite Assessment of Psychosis-risk Study and completed clinical interviews and self-report instruments. The estimation type was operationalized by whether a person was above or below the standardized mean difference between self-reported and interviewer-rated social functioning.</div><div>We hypothesized that 1) persons at CHR would have less depressive symptom severity than those with MDD diagnoses, but more depressive symptom severity than control participants accounting for IB within diagnostic groups, 2) CHR and MDD participants would endorse higher levels of negative symptoms, viewed transdiagnostically (e.g., anhedonia, avolition), than controls but not each other, 3) overestimators would endorse higher levels of negative symptoms and depression than underestimators, 4) CHR participants would have the greatest proportions of overestimators, MDD would have the greatest proportion of underestimators, and control participants would have equal proportions of under- and overestimators.</div><div>Those at CHR had more overestimators, overestimators overall had worse depression and negative symptoms, and diagnostic group membership did not impact the effects of IB on symptoms. This study suggests that IB has clinically relevant correlates but is not a primary treatment target for persons at CHR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"183 ","pages":"Pages 296-301"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased sleep duration and emotional regulation in patients with major depressive episodes","authors":"Julie Garrivet ,&nbsp;Julia Maruani ,&nbsp;Sibylle Mauries ,&nbsp;Wojciech Trzepizur ,&nbsp;Michel Lejoyeux ,&nbsp;Bénédicte Gohier ,&nbsp;Pierre A. Geoffroy","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Increased total sleep duration complaint is frequently associated with psychiatric disorders. The daytime impact of sleep disorders is directly linked to the management of emotions and behaviors. Complaints of increased total sleep duration in major depressive disorder (MDE) could be a factor in the disruption of emotional regulation, which belongs to specific, atypical and often more severe clinical pictures.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Our study compared aspects of emotional reactivity using the Multidimensional Assessment of Thymic States (MAThyS) according to self-declared complaint of increased total sleep duration among a cohort conducted within the ChronoS Center, assessing for sleep and psychiatric disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-one patients were included in the increased sleep duration (ISD) group and 126 patients in the normal or reduced sleep duration (NRSD) group. The frequency and severity of MDE was similar between the two groups, but atypical and seasonal features were more frequent in ISD group. ISD group also reported higher use of cannabis. Regarding emotional reactivity, MAThyS sub-scores in ISD group showing both decreased motivation and interpersonal communication skills compared to NRSD group (p = 0.03 and p = 0.02).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Hypersomnolence complaints with increased sleep duration could lead to decreased motivational and interpersonal communication capacities compared to normal or decreased sleep duration in MDE. Although these results present an interesting perspective for specific psychotherapy and pharmacological, and non-pharmacological treatments as light therapy, focused on wakefulness to enhance interpersonal communication skills and motivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 210-215"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"System-based pain groups are uniquely associated with sociodemographic and psychiatric correlates among those with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)","authors":"Caitlin Blaney ,&nbsp;Jordana L. Sommer ,&nbsp;Elena Bilevicius ,&nbsp;Natalie Mota ,&nbsp;Renée El-Gabalawy","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Chronic pain is a prevalent comorbidity among those with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Chronic pain can be divided into <em>specific pain</em> (i.e., involving a single body system) and <em>complex pain</em> (i.e., involving multiple body systems). We explored sociodemographic and psychiatric differences between pain groups among those with PTSD.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Data came from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC-III, <em>N</em> = 36,309). Pain groups were determined through health professional confirmed self-report of chronic pain conditions within three body systems (musculoskeletal, nerve or digestive conditions). Psychiatric conditions were identified with the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule for DSM-5; suicide attempts were assessed via self-report.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among our PTSD sub-sample (<em>n</em> = 1779; 4.7%), 53.9% had no conditions, 25.6% endorsed specific pain, and 19.1% endorsed complex pain. Multinomial logistic regressions revealed increased odds of certain sociodemographic correlates (e.g., older age) common to both pain groups when compared to those with PTSD alone, as well as decreased odds (e.g., being non-White) unique to those with complex pain. Multivariable logistic regressions revealed both specific pain and complex pain were associated with increased odds of any lifetime personality disorder relative to the no pain group (AOR = 1.56 and 2.38, respectively). Complex pain was uniquely associated with increased odds of any past-year anxiety disorder, past-year tobacco use disorder, and lifetime suicide attempts (AOR range = 1.46–1.69) relative to PTSD alone.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Findings indicate that those with PTSD and pain conditions impacting multiple body systems represent a particularly vulnerable group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 241-248"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between smartphone addiction and sedentary behaviour amongst children, adolescents and young adults: A Systematic Review and meta-analysis","authors":"Murali Krishnan Nambirajan ,&nbsp;Karavadi Vidusha ,&nbsp;Jayashree Guka Kailasam ,&nbsp;Suthanthira Kannan ,&nbsp;Dhanajayan Govindan ,&nbsp;Karthika Ganesh ,&nbsp;Sharath U ,&nbsp;Shanthosh Priyan ,&nbsp;Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The rapid proliferation of smartphones has raised concerns about their impact on physical activity levels, particularly among younger demographics. While smartphones offer numerous benefits, there is growing evidence to suggest that excessive use may lead to sedentary behaviours, potentially impacting physical health adversely. Hence, this review was done to explore the association between smartphone addiction and reduced physical activity amongst children, adolescents and young adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This meta-analysis systematically reviewed ten studies involving 5195 participants. We employed a random-effects model with DerSimonian-Laird estimation for tau² to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs). Subgroup analyses were conducted based on geographical regions, risk of bias, and different measurement tools to assess the robustness and variability of the findings. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots, Egger's test, and the trim-and-fill method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis revealed a significant association between smartphone addiction and reduced physical activity, with a pooled OR of 2.19 (95% CI: 1.34 to 3.57, p = 0.002). Notably, subgroup analyses demonstrated a stronger association in studies from the Middle-Eastern region (OR = 4.75; p = 0.026) and among studies employing alternative standardized scales (OR = 3.32; p = 0.044). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings, and although potential publication bias was detected, it did not materially affect the overall estimates.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Smartphone addiction is significantly linked with reduced physical activity among younger populations, underscoring the need for targeted public health interventions and longitudinal studies to elucidate causal mechanisms. These findings highlight that mitigating excessive smartphone use may be a critical component in promoting active lifestyles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 128-139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered thyroid function and neurometabolic features provide clues to understand the comorbidity of bipolar II depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder","authors":"Jiali He ,&nbsp;Dong Huang ,&nbsp;Qilin Zhong ,&nbsp;Jianzhao Zhang ,&nbsp;Shunkai Lai ,&nbsp;Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Yiliang Zhang ,&nbsp;Pan Chen ,&nbsp;Guanmao Chen ,&nbsp;Shuya Yan ,&nbsp;Xiaodan Lu ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Song ,&nbsp;Shuming Zhong ,&nbsp;Yanbin Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bipolar disorder (BD) is highly comorbid with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), leading to poor treatment outcome and prognosis. However, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying BD comorbid with OCD remain poorly understood. To address it, we recruited 69 untreated patients with bipolar II depression, including 35 comorbid with OCD (BD-II-Depression-OCD) and 34 without OCD (BD-II-Depression-nonOCD), and 38 healthy controls (HC). Serum thyroid hormones levels and neurometabolic ratios, including N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline-containing compounds (Cho), and creatine (Cr), were detected to explore the neuroendocrine and neurometabolic mechanisms of BD-II-Depression-OCD comorbidity. Multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analyses were performed to identify influential factors for comorbidity and their nonlinear relationships with symptom severity. Our results revealed that patients with BD-II-Depression-OCD demonstrated reduced thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, decreased NAA/Cr in the left prefrontal white matter (PWM), and increased Cho/Cr in the right PWM compared to patients without comorbidity. These parameters demonstrated diagnostic potential for distinguishing BD-II-Depression-OCD comorbidity. Furthermore, nonlinear associations were observed between obsessive-compulsive symptom severity and both serum TSH levels and right PWM Cho/Cr ratios among patients with comorbidity. In conclusion, BD-II-Depression-OCD comorbidity is characterized by distinct thyroid dysfunction and neurometabolic alterations. Disruptions in serum TSH levels and bilateral PWM neurometabolism may represent potential mechanisms underlying BD-II-Depression-OCD comorbidity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 279-287"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blunted niacin skin flushing response in violent offenders with schizophrenia: A potential auxiliary diagnostic biomarker","authors":"Hui Chen ,&nbsp;Shuhui Li ,&nbsp;Yu Gu ,&nbsp;Kai Liang ,&nbsp;Yingxu Li ,&nbsp;Bohao Cheng ,&nbsp;Zhengqian Jiang ,&nbsp;Xiaowen Hu ,&nbsp;Jinfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Tianqi Wang ,&nbsp;Qian Wang ,&nbsp;Chunling Wan ,&nbsp;Qiaoling Sun ,&nbsp;Jiansong Zhou ,&nbsp;Huijuan Guo ,&nbsp;Xiaoping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with an increased risk of violence, with clinical diagnosis primarily relies on symptomatology. The niacin skin flushing response (NSFR) is proposed as a potential biomarker for SZ, but its effectiveness in violent offenders with schizophrenia (VOSZ) remains unevaluated. This study investigates whether the diagnostic model differentiating general SZ patients (GSZ) from healthy controls (HCs) using NSFR can also distinguish VOSZ from HCs. SZ patients were continuously sampled based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition, and categorized into VOSZ (with a history of violent crimes), and GSZ (without such history). HCs had no psychiatric illnesses or violent crime history. A total of 315 VOSZ, 296 GSZ, and 281 HCs were recruited. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was used to select variables and construct diagnostic models based on NSFR. No significant differences in age, sex or BMI were observed among groups. Both VOSZ and GSZ exhibited similar blunted NSFR compared to HCs. The diagnostic model constructed by 14 NSFR variables distinguishing GSZ from HCs was successfully transferred to distinguish VOSZ from HCs, with areas under the curve of 0.796 (specificity = 81.6%, sensitivity = 64.2%) and 0.798 (specificity = 80.0%, sensitivity = 70.2%), respectively. Moreover, NSFR was unrelated to illness severity, violence, or antipsychotic dosage in VOSZ, suggesting it is a trait indicator of SZ. This study supports the NSFR as an objective diagnostic biomarker for distinguishing VOSZ from HCs, expanding its applicability, although it may not specifically identify violent offenders among SZ patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 249-255"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric properties of the Federal Unit Scale for general psychopathology screening without iatrogenic effects","authors":"Tyler M. Moore ,&nbsp;Kathryn Walker ,&nbsp;Franz Hell ,&nbsp;Grayson Rosenblad ,&nbsp;Andrew Cutler ,&nbsp;Adam R. Teed ,&nbsp;Maria (Coté) J. Auil ,&nbsp;Rex Jung ,&nbsp;Shobi S. Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mental health assessment tools play a crucial role in clinical practice, yet many existing scales risk exacerbating the conditions they aim to measure. This study introduces the Federal Unit Scale (FUS), a novel 5-item scale designed to assess a broad range of affect and traits capturing distress tolerance while minimizing potentially triggering language. The FUS was developed with a focus on combat veterans, frontline workers, and first responders. We examined its psychometric properties using two samples: a clinical sample (N = 1798) and a crowdsourced sample (N = 10,000). Psychometric analyses revealed strong internal consistency (α = 0.84), essential unidimensionality (ω_h = 0.75), and excellent measurement precision across a broad trait range (−2.5 to 2.0 SD). The FUS demonstrated robust convergent validity with established measures including the PHQ-9, GAD-7, and PCL-5 (r = 0.59–0.66), though correlation with the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale was modest (r = 0.22). Receiver operating characteristic analyses showed good discrimination of clinical severity based on established measures (AUC = 0.77–0.81) and excellent discrimination between treatment-responsive and help-seeking individuals (AUC = 0.92). The FUS achieves these psychometric properties while avoiding symptom-focused language that could trigger distress, making it particularly suitable for vulnerable populations such as combat veterans, first responders, and trauma survivors. Future research should explore its long-term predictive validity, cross-cultural applicability, and effectiveness in various clinical settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 216-223"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered brain structure and function correlate with non-suicidal self-injury in children and adolescents with transdiagnostic psychiatric disorders","authors":"Xuan Liu ,&nbsp;Yixin Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiahui Chen ,&nbsp;Mingyan Xie ,&nbsp;Lijun Pan ,&nbsp;Bernhard Hommel ,&nbsp;Ying Yang ,&nbsp;Xingxing Zhu ,&nbsp;Kangcheng Wang ,&nbsp;Wenxin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a prevalent mental problem among children and adolescents, cutting across psychiatric disorders. Studies in specific disorders such as depression and ADHD have revealed associations with alterations in brain regions responsible for reward processing and emotion regulation. However, it remains largely unknown whether such associations are shared among different disorders. Here, we aimed to examine brain structural and functional associations with NSSI in a transdiagnostic psychiatric cohort of children and adolescents. A total of 386 patients (age = 10.72 ± 3.53, range = 5.04 to 21.22) diagnosed primarily with ADHD, autism and generalized anxiety disorder from the Healthy Brain Network study were included. Using linear regression models, we examined brain volumes (N = 386) and functional connectivities (N = 277) associated with NSSI and whether potential alterations could moderate/mediate the links between internalizing/externalizing symptoms and NSSI. We found that increased severity of NSSI was associated with decreased bilateral putamen volumes, and reduced connectivities of the left putamen with bilateral regions of temporoparietal junction and of the right putamen with the left temporoparietal junction, demonstrating the role of putamen in NSSI behavior. Moreover, some of these associations played moderating roles: in patients with lower putamen volumes or weaker functional connectivities, increased internalizing/externalizing symptoms were associated with higher NSSI severity. Our findings suggest that transdiagnostic NSSI is linked to structural alterations and functional dysfunctions in putamen, highlighting that putamen may serve as a neural marker of NSSI and as a potential target for neuromodulation treatments across mental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 17-26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attentional biases for dynamic stimuli in emerging adults with anxiety: A preliminary eye-tracking study","authors":"Hailey Burns ,&nbsp;Austin Hurst ,&nbsp;Pristine Garay ,&nbsp;Nicholas E. Murray ,&nbsp;Sherry H. Stewart ,&nbsp;Jose Mejia ,&nbsp;Alexa Bagnell ,&nbsp;Raymond M. Klein ,&nbsp;Sandra Meier","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While attentional biases towards negative stimuli have previously been linked to the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders, a current limitation of this research involves the use of static images for stimuli, as they cannot adequately depict the dynamic nature of real-life interactions. Since attentional biases in those with elevated anxiety remain understudied using more naturalistic stimuli, such as dynamic social videos, the purpose of this explorative study was to use novel dynamic stimuli and modern eye-tracking equipment to further investigate negative attentional biases in anxious emerging, female adults. Non-clinical participants (N = 62; mean age = 20.44 years; biologically female) completed validated questionnaires regarding their anxiety symptoms and completed a free-viewing task by watching 30-s video clips while having their eye movements tracked. The video clips were shown in side-by-side pairs (i.e., positive-neutral, negative-neutral, and positive-negative) on a split screen without audio. Overall, participants fixated more quickly on emotional videos (i.e., positive and negative) over neutral ones, with more anxious participants orienting their gaze faster to the videos, regardless of content. Moreover, individuals with greater self-reported anxiety spent more time gazing at negative videos in negative-neutral pairings, highlighting that emerging female adults with increased anxiety symptoms may show a negative attention bias when viewing social interactions. Importantly, by incorporating novel, dynamic stimuli, we expand upon prior research on attentional biases, with the potential to adapt this approach for novel interventions that may ultimately help those suffering from anxiety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 262-271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inverse dose-dependent effects of aripiprazole on sexual dysfunction and prolactin levels in patients with schizophrenia","authors":"Tzu-Hua Wu ,&nbsp;Kah Kheng Goh ,&nbsp;Yi-Hang Chiu ,&nbsp;Chieh-Hsin Lin ,&nbsp;Chun-Hsin Chen ,&nbsp;Hsien-Yuan Lane ,&nbsp;Mong-Liang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aripiprazole, with its distinct pharmacodynamic profile, acts as a partial agonist at dopamine D₂ and serotonin 5-HT_1A receptors and an antagonist at 5-HT_2A receptors, offering a superior safety profile compared to other antipsychotic drugs. The aim of this study was to assess the dose-dependent effects of aripiprazole on sexual dysfunction and prolactin levels in patients with schizophrenia. Patients receiving aripiprazole were recruited for this study. Psychopathology was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and sexual dysfunction was evaluated with the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX). Fasting blood samples were collected to measure prolactin levels. A total of 128 patients with schizophrenia were recruited, comprising 86 females and 42 males. The prevalence of hyperprolactinemia, hypoprolactinemia, and sexual dysfunction was 12.5%, 47.6%, and 39.1%, respectively. Patients with sexual dysfunction had significantly higher prolactin levels and a higher prevalence of hyperprolactinemia compared to those without sexual dysfunction. Prolactin levels were significantly correlated with ASEX scores and aripiprazole dose. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that aripiprazole dose and ASEX scores were associated with prolactin levels. Aripiprazole exhibited inverse dose-dependent effects on prolactin levels and ASEX scores in patients with schizophrenia. Prolactin levels were positively correlated with ASEX scores, suggesting an association between prolactin and sexual dysfunction. Both aripiprazole dosing and its effects on prolactin levels may be influenced by sex differences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 112-117"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}