Journal of psychiatric research最新文献

{"title":"Psychometric properties of the Federal Unit Scale for general psychopathology screening without iatrogenic effects","authors":"Tyler M. Moore ,&nbsp;Kathryn Walker ,&nbsp;Franz Hell ,&nbsp;Grayson Rosenblad ,&nbsp;Andrew Cutler ,&nbsp;Adam R. Teed ,&nbsp;Maria (Coté) J. Auil ,&nbsp;Rex Jung ,&nbsp;Shobi S. Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mental health assessment tools play a crucial role in clinical practice, yet many existing scales risk exacerbating the conditions they aim to measure. This study introduces the Federal Unit Scale (FUS), a novel 5-item scale designed to assess a broad range of affect and traits capturing distress tolerance while minimizing potentially triggering language. The FUS was developed with a focus on combat veterans, frontline workers, and first responders. We examined its psychometric properties using two samples: a clinical sample (N = 1798) and a crowdsourced sample (N = 10,000). Psychometric analyses revealed strong internal consistency (α = 0.84), essential unidimensionality (ω_h = 0.75), and excellent measurement precision across a broad trait range (−2.5 to 2.0 SD). The FUS demonstrated robust convergent validity with established measures including the PHQ-9, GAD-7, and PCL-5 (r = 0.59–0.66), though correlation with the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale was modest (r = 0.22). Receiver operating characteristic analyses showed good discrimination of clinical severity based on established measures (AUC = 0.77–0.81) and excellent discrimination between treatment-responsive and help-seeking individuals (AUC = 0.92). The FUS achieves these psychometric properties while avoiding symptom-focused language that could trigger distress, making it particularly suitable for vulnerable populations such as combat veterans, first responders, and trauma survivors. Future research should explore its long-term predictive validity, cross-cultural applicability, and effectiveness in various clinical settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 216-223"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered brain structure and function correlate with non-suicidal self-injury in children and adolescents with transdiagnostic psychiatric disorders","authors":"Xuan Liu ,&nbsp;Yixin Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiahui Chen ,&nbsp;Mingyan Xie ,&nbsp;Lijun Pan ,&nbsp;Bernhard Hommel ,&nbsp;Ying Yang ,&nbsp;Xingxing Zhu ,&nbsp;Kangcheng Wang ,&nbsp;Wenxin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a prevalent mental problem among children and adolescents, cutting across psychiatric disorders. Studies in specific disorders such as depression and ADHD have revealed associations with alterations in brain regions responsible for reward processing and emotion regulation. However, it remains largely unknown whether such associations are shared among different disorders. Here, we aimed to examine brain structural and functional associations with NSSI in a transdiagnostic psychiatric cohort of children and adolescents. A total of 386 patients (age = 10.72 ± 3.53, range = 5.04 to 21.22) diagnosed primarily with ADHD, autism and generalized anxiety disorder from the Healthy Brain Network study were included. Using linear regression models, we examined brain volumes (N = 386) and functional connectivities (N = 277) associated with NSSI and whether potential alterations could moderate/mediate the links between internalizing/externalizing symptoms and NSSI. We found that increased severity of NSSI was associated with decreased bilateral putamen volumes, and reduced connectivities of the left putamen with bilateral regions of temporoparietal junction and of the right putamen with the left temporoparietal junction, demonstrating the role of putamen in NSSI behavior. Moreover, some of these associations played moderating roles: in patients with lower putamen volumes or weaker functional connectivities, increased internalizing/externalizing symptoms were associated with higher NSSI severity. Our findings suggest that transdiagnostic NSSI is linked to structural alterations and functional dysfunctions in putamen, highlighting that putamen may serve as a neural marker of NSSI and as a potential target for neuromodulation treatments across mental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 17-26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attentional biases for dynamic stimuli in emerging adults with anxiety: A preliminary eye-tracking study","authors":"Hailey Burns ,&nbsp;Austin Hurst ,&nbsp;Pristine Garay ,&nbsp;Nicholas E. Murray ,&nbsp;Sherry H. Stewart ,&nbsp;Jose Mejia ,&nbsp;Alexa Bagnell ,&nbsp;Raymond M. Klein ,&nbsp;Sandra Meier","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While attentional biases towards negative stimuli have previously been linked to the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders, a current limitation of this research involves the use of static images for stimuli, as they cannot adequately depict the dynamic nature of real-life interactions. Since attentional biases in those with elevated anxiety remain understudied using more naturalistic stimuli, such as dynamic social videos, the purpose of this explorative study was to use novel dynamic stimuli and modern eye-tracking equipment to further investigate negative attentional biases in anxious emerging, female adults. Non-clinical participants (N = 62; mean age = 20.44 years; biologically female) completed validated questionnaires regarding their anxiety symptoms and completed a free-viewing task by watching 30-s video clips while having their eye movements tracked. The video clips were shown in side-by-side pairs (i.e., positive-neutral, negative-neutral, and positive-negative) on a split screen without audio. Overall, participants fixated more quickly on emotional videos (i.e., positive and negative) over neutral ones, with more anxious participants orienting their gaze faster to the videos, regardless of content. Moreover, individuals with greater self-reported anxiety spent more time gazing at negative videos in negative-neutral pairings, highlighting that emerging female adults with increased anxiety symptoms may show a negative attention bias when viewing social interactions. Importantly, by incorporating novel, dynamic stimuli, we expand upon prior research on attentional biases, with the potential to adapt this approach for novel interventions that may ultimately help those suffering from anxiety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 262-271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inverse dose-dependent effects of aripiprazole on sexual dysfunction and prolactin levels in patients with schizophrenia","authors":"Tzu-Hua Wu ,&nbsp;Kah Kheng Goh ,&nbsp;Yi-Hang Chiu ,&nbsp;Chieh-Hsin Lin ,&nbsp;Chun-Hsin Chen ,&nbsp;Hsien-Yuan Lane ,&nbsp;Mong-Liang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aripiprazole, with its distinct pharmacodynamic profile, acts as a partial agonist at dopamine D₂ and serotonin 5-HT_1A receptors and an antagonist at 5-HT_2A receptors, offering a superior safety profile compared to other antipsychotic drugs. The aim of this study was to assess the dose-dependent effects of aripiprazole on sexual dysfunction and prolactin levels in patients with schizophrenia. Patients receiving aripiprazole were recruited for this study. Psychopathology was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and sexual dysfunction was evaluated with the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX). Fasting blood samples were collected to measure prolactin levels. A total of 128 patients with schizophrenia were recruited, comprising 86 females and 42 males. The prevalence of hyperprolactinemia, hypoprolactinemia, and sexual dysfunction was 12.5%, 47.6%, and 39.1%, respectively. Patients with sexual dysfunction had significantly higher prolactin levels and a higher prevalence of hyperprolactinemia compared to those without sexual dysfunction. Prolactin levels were significantly correlated with ASEX scores and aripiprazole dose. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that aripiprazole dose and ASEX scores were associated with prolactin levels. Aripiprazole exhibited inverse dose-dependent effects on prolactin levels and ASEX scores in patients with schizophrenia. Prolactin levels were positively correlated with ASEX scores, suggesting an association between prolactin and sexual dysfunction. Both aripiprazole dosing and its effects on prolactin levels may be influenced by sex differences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 112-117"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recognizing individual variability in misophonia: Identifying symptom-based subgroups with Gaussian mixture modeling","authors":"Mercedes G. Woolley ,&nbsp;Amanda M. Ramos ,&nbsp;Emily M. Bowers ,&nbsp;Karen Muñoz ,&nbsp;Julie M. Petersen ,&nbsp;Michael P. Twohig","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Misophonia is characterized by intense emotional and physiological reactions to everyday sounds such as chewing and tapping. While previous researchers have focused on defining and characterizing the disorder, limited attention has been given to the variability in symptom presentations across individuals. In this study, we sought to identify distinct subgroups of individuals with misophonia by applying a Gaussian finite mixture model to explore the heterogeneity of symptom profiles. Sixty treatment-seeking participants completed the Duke Misophonia Interview, which assessed the presence and severity of various behavioral, affective, and cognitive symptoms. Items from this measure served as model indicators. Two clusters were found: anticipatory and reactive. The anticipatory group reported heightened awareness of potential triggers, preemptive anticipatory distress, and increased avoidance behaviors, while the reactive group primarily displayed emotional and physiological responses during the occurrence of sounds. Notably, both groups reported similar frequencies of misophonic triggers, but the anticipatory group demonstrated greater internalizing symptoms, such as intrusive thoughts or rumination about misophonic sounds and social isolation. Our findings support the need for tailored interventions that address subgroup-specific symptom patterns. Future researchers should aim to include larger sample sizes and develop more comprehensive models to capture the full spectrum of misophonia symptoms, including externalizing behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 232-240"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic architecture of tic disorders: A systematic review of 125 observational studies","authors":"Chun-song Yang ,&nbsp;Nan Yang ,&nbsp;Zi-long Hao ,&nbsp;Dan Yu ,&nbsp;Ling-li Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To summarize and evaluate recent advances in the genetics of tic disorders (TDs) and to understand the possible pathogenic mechanisms behind this disorder.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and four Chinese databases were searched from inception to September 2022. Observational original studies that explored genetic or chromosomal variations associated with the etiology, diagnosis, treatment, or prognosis of TDs were included. The Strengthening the Reporting of Genetic Association Studies (STREGA) statement was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>125 studies were finally included with 119 of moderate quality and 6 of low quality. A total of 32,439 cases with different types of TDs and 81,923 controls were included. The results involved 98 genes, 16 chromosomes, and multiple gene sets. Genome-wide studies were also included. The top three systems were the dopamine system, nervous system development, and the serotonin system. 96 loci in 56 genes and 20 regions in 14 chromosomes were reported to be relevant to TDs, with SLC6A4 (serotonin system) and NTN4 genes being relatively strongly correlated with the occurrence of TS, and ACP1 (serotonin system) and DBH (dopamine system) being relatively strongly correlated with TS comorbid with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Polygenic loci were found to play a key role in the occurrence and development of TDs. However, the applicability of the findings may be limited due to the small sample size, single-center design and the limited study quality of included studies. Future research with more comprehensive study designs and improved reporting transparency is needed to confirm the findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 65-77"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in long-term fear and anxiety-like responses to deep brain stimulation in a preclinical model of PTSD","authors":"Thiago Almeida-Souza ,&nbsp;Ana Carolina P. Campos ,&nbsp;Thallita K. Rabelo ,&nbsp;Delara Emtyazi ,&nbsp;Eliza McCann ,&nbsp;Paula Brandão-Lima ,&nbsp;Mustansir Diwan ,&nbsp;Nir Lipsman ,&nbsp;Clement Hamani","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is currently being investigated in patients and preclinical models of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but differences in behaviour according to sex remain elusive. We exposed female and male rats to fear conditioning and extinction. Thereafter, animals were treated with ventromedial prefrontal cortex DBS, followed by a battery of tests to measure fear and anxiety-like behaviour. As in our prior work, animals with high freezing scores during extinction (weak extinction; WE) were segregated from those with lower freezing scores (non-weak extinction; nWE), since the former population was previously shown to develop prolonged fear and anxiety-like responses. Vaginal lavages were collected after fear extinction to study the estrous cycle. After the experiments, brains were processed for the measurement of estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) in the hypothalamus and hippocampus. We found that DBS-treated males had a more pronounced reduction in freezing than females during all recall sessions. In females, DBS induced an anxiolytic-like effect in the open field, while a reduction in the latency to feed during novelty suppressed feeding was noticed in both sexes. Noteworthy, a reduction in freezing during recall and anxiolytic-like responses following DBS were observed in males of all phenotypes, but only in nWE females. While no effect of the estrous cycle was noticed on fear memory, DBS-treated females in metestrus/diestrus during extinction had a more prominent response in the elevated plus maze. A similar expression of ERα, ERβ and PRβ in the hypothalamus and hippocampus was found in DBS-treated females and controls.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 198-209"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glymphatic system dysfunction in pediatric tourette syndrome Neuroimaging evidence from MRI metrics","authors":"Shuzhen Huang ,&nbsp;Liping Lin ,&nbsp;Xiang Gao ,&nbsp;Yufen Li ,&nbsp;Huaqiong Qiu ,&nbsp;Chengfen Deng ,&nbsp;Long Qian ,&nbsp;Yingqian Chen ,&nbsp;Wen Tang ,&nbsp;Yujian Liang ,&nbsp;Shu Su ,&nbsp;Zhiyun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>The glymphatic system, vital for brain waste clearance, is implicated in neurodevelopmental diseases, but its role in pediatric Tourette syndrome (TS) is not well understood. This study investigates structural and functional alterations in the glymphatic system in pediatric TS using non-invasive MRI techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This case-control study included 37 children with Tourette syndrome (TS) and 37 age- and gender-matched typically developing (TD) controls. We assessed brain volumetric differences and glymphatic function using two MRI metrics: perivascular space (PVS) burden for glymphatic influx and the DTI-ALPS index for waste clearance, with PVS quantified via semi-automated analysis of axial T2-weighted images. Correlations between MRI metrics and clinical symptoms in TS children were analyzed using partial correlations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Children with Tourette syndrome (TS) exhibited significant reductions in brain parenchymal and white matter volume compared to typically developing (TD) children (all P_FDR &lt; 0.001), along with a higher perivascular space (PVS) volume (6.29 ± 3.62 mL vs. 4.76 ± 2.13 mL; P_FDR = 0.046), indicating impaired glymphatic influx. The DTI-ALPS index was lower in TS (1.21 ± 0.18 vs. 1.46 ± 0.12; P_FDR &lt; 0.001), reflecting reduced waste clearance, and D<em>zassoc</em> and D<em>zproj</em> metrics were positively correlated with motor tic severity in TS (all P ≤ 0.02).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings suggest significant glymphatic dysfunction in pediatric TS, indicating its role in the disorder's pathogenesis. Increased PVS burden and decreased DTI-ALPS index may serve as non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosing and understanding TS mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of newer-generation antidepressants medications in Parkinson's disease with depression - A meta-analysis of randomized controllde trials","authors":"Fenghua Xu ,&nbsp;Wei Zhou ,&nbsp;Haiyan Luo ,&nbsp;Dongyun Su ,&nbsp;Meng Dong ,&nbsp;Yang Hu ,&nbsp;Manxue Lou ,&nbsp;Gongbo Li ,&nbsp;Yuqing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Depression is common as non-motor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD). Evidence of antidepressants for PD with depression remain unclear. This meta-analysis examines the efficacy and tolerability of newer-generation antidepressants for PD with depression.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Six international electronic databases (Cochrane, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsycINFO) and four Chinese electronic databases (CBM, CNKI, WanFang Data, and VIP) were systematically searched up to October 31, 2023. The primary outcomes were efficacy (change in depressive symptoms) and tolerability (all-cause discontinuations). Secondary outcomes contained improvement in motor symptoms, change score of anxiety rating scales, improvement in cognitive function, and adverse events. This study was registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42020198364.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>A total of 11 trials with 713 participants were included. Newer-generation antidepressants significantly improved depressive symptoms (standardized mean differences (SMD) = −1.12 [−1.72; −0.52]), anxiety scores (SMD = −0.60 [−1.04; −0.17]). However, there was insufficient evidence in improving motor function in PD (SMD = −1.19 [−2.74; 0.36]) and the cognitive function (SMD = 0.57 [−0.33; 1.47]). Newer-generation antidepressants were associated with increased diminished sexual desire (RR = 2.34 [1.13; 4.86]) and insomnia (RR = 0.42 [0.22; 0.82]), but similar risk of all-cause discontinuations when compared with the control group (RR = 1.25 [0.85; 1.85]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Newer-generation antidepressants appear to be beneficial and safe in treating depression in PD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 48-55"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress by Echinacea purpurea extract: Therapeutic potential in maternal separation-induced autism spectrum disorder","authors":"Seyedeh Zahra Razavi ,&nbsp;Hossein Amini-Khoei ,&nbsp;Mohammad Rahimi-Madiseh ,&nbsp;Elham Bijad ,&nbsp;Zahra Lorigooini","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.02.038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is defined by ongoing problems in social interaction and communication and repetitive, constrained behavior patterns. The link between oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation with ASD has been shown in previous studies. <em>E. purpurea</em> is well-known for its potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pharmacological properties. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of <em>E. purpurea</em> hydroalcoholic extract on autistic-like behaviors following a mouse model of maternal separation (MS) stress, focusing on possible anti-neuroinflammation and antioxidative stress.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>70% hydro-ethanolic extract was macerated from the aerial parts of <em>E. purpurea</em>. Standardization was done by determining the amount of chicoric acid in the extract using the UHPLC method. Then, behavioral analysis was done on 75 male mice that underwent MS. Mice were treated with normal saline or 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg of the extract. Sociability behaviors and stereotyping behaviors have been evaluated. Also, their total antioxidant capacity (TAC), nitrite levels, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in the hippocampus. In addition, the expression of inflammatory factors, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), NLRP3, and TLR4, has been determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Data were analyzed after collection using PRISM statistical software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our findings indicated that MS caused autistic-like behaviors in mice (increased sociability index and social preference index) and increased repetitive behaviors (increased number of buried marbles). These autistic-like behaviors are associated with increased MDA, nitrite, over-expression of inflammatory genes, decreased MDA, nitrite, over-expression of inflammatory genes, and decreased TAC in the hippocampus. <em>E. purpurea</em> extract significantly reversed these adverse effects of MS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results of this study showed that <em>E. purpurea</em> extract might reduce autistic-like behaviors in MS by attenuating neuroinflammation and oxidative stress states.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Pages 118-127"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}