Journal of psychiatric research最新文献

{"title":"Mapping dopamine's role in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A scoping review of neural circuits, brain regions, and behavioral implications","authors":"Pedro Mota ,&nbsp;Maria Picó-Pérez ,&nbsp;Pedro Morgado","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dopamine plays a central role in various brain functions and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This scoping review examines the role of dopamine in OCD, focusing on its impact on neural circuits, brain regions, and behavioral manifestations. Evidence from 19 studies reveals consistent dopaminergic dysfunction across key brain structures, particularly in the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuits. Altered dopamine receptor availability was observed in the dorsal striatum, ventral striatum, and anterior cingulate cortex, contributing to cognitive rigidity, emotional dysregulation, and compulsive behaviors. Pharmacological findings highlight the complexity of dopamine's role, with both hyperdopaminergic and hypodopaminergic states influencing symptoms. Dopamine antagonists and partial agonists have demonstrated efficacy in targeting overactivation of striatum and restoring cortical balance. These findings underscore the importance of dopamine as a therapeutic target and highlight the need for circuit-specific interventions and tailored treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 11-20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superior temporal gyrus volume in patients with adjustment disorder","authors":"Muhammed Fatih Tabara ,&nbsp;Alper Bibar ,&nbsp;Mustafa Koc ,&nbsp;Mehmet Gurkan Gurok ,&nbsp;Osman Mermi ,&nbsp;Sevda Korkmaz ,&nbsp;Sema Baykara ,&nbsp;Hanefi Yildirim ,&nbsp;Murad Atmaca","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.11.044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.11.044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Reduced superior temporal gyrus (STG) volume is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but this has not been explored in adjustment disorders. Since adjustment disorders have similar clinical features with MDD and PTSD, it was hypothesized that volume change would also occur in these disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In the study, nineteen patients with adjustment disorder and eighteen healthy controls were compared using MRI in terms of the STG and its subregions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The STG volume of the patient group was found to be significantly reduced compared to controls (p &lt; 0.001). In addition, the planum temporale and Heschl's gyrus subregions were significantly smaller in the patient group (in both cases p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Smaller STG volumes were detected in patients with adjustment disorders, such as other psychosocial stress-related disorders, PTSD, and MDD. We should clearly state that our study is pioneering and that studies with large samples are needed to support our findings, including functional changes in the STG region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 25-30"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal association between bullying and internet gaming disorder among Chinese adolescents: A cross-lagged panel network analysis","authors":"Xiaowei Chu ,&nbsp;Yanjie Liu ,&nbsp;Lingfeng Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.12.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.12.031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Both bullying and internet gaming disorder have negative impacts on adolescents. It is important to understand the longitudinal relationship between them. Network analysis was used in the current study, which treated bullying and internet gaming disorder as symptom networks to obtain the symptom level analysis between the two variable communities. A total of 1026 middle school adolescents (46 % females) completed the measurements of all variables at three time points over 12 months. The results showed that “cyberbullying victimization” and “deception” were the most influential bridge nodes in cross-sectional networks. In longitudinal cross-lag networks, bullying functioned as an independent predictor of internet gaming disorder, rather than an outcome. Cyberbullying victimization and perpetration exerted different effects on internet gaming disorder, with victimization predicting the “negative consequences” while perpetration predicting “loss of control”. “Giving up other activities” and “Escape” were the most affected symptoms for the two longitudinal cross-lagged networks, respectively. The results provide a target for prevention and intervention of adolescent internet gaming disorder.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 31-39"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive history and cognitive health among older Norwegian females and males: the population-based HUNT Study","authors":"K. Wolfova ,&nbsp;B.H. Strand ,&nbsp;J. Weiss ,&nbsp;P. Brennan Kearns ,&nbsp;T. Mekonnen ,&nbsp;Y. Stern ,&nbsp;H.-P. Kohler ,&nbsp;V.F. Skirbekk ,&nbsp;S.E. Tom","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We explored the relationship between the number of children and cognitive outcomes in later life in a large cohort of older females and males from Norway.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Cross-sectional analysis using multinomial logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Settings</h3><div>The Norwegian HUNT4 70+ Study.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Males and females aged ≥70 years.</div></div><div><h3>Measurments</h3><div>The exposure was the number of biological children (none, one, two, three, or four or more). The primary outcome was categorized as dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or no cognitive impairment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 9263 participants (mean age 78 years; 54 % females), those without children had higher risk of dementia (relative risk ratio [RRR] 1.82, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.37 to 2.42) and MCI (RRR 1.31, 95 % CI 1.08 to 1.59) compared to those who had two children, adjusting for age and sex. Similar pattern was observed for those with one child, whereas those with three children did not have an increased MCI or dementia risk. Having four or more children was marginally associated with higher dementia risk (RRR 1.22, 95 % CI 1.00–1.49), but not with MCI risk. This association was attenuated after adjusting for education and marital status, whereas those without children and with one child had still higher risk. In sex-stratified analysis, having no children was associated with higher risk of dementia only in males.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The weak association with high parity, along with the increased dementia risk observed in males without children, contrasts with previous findings. Our results highlight the need for further investigation into the social mechanisms linking reproductive history to cognitive health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 181-187"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between Antibody levels against myelin basic protein in depressive disorder, neuroimaging, and functioning","authors":"Samet Öksüz ,&nbsp;Aykut Karahan ,&nbsp;Hüseyin Yaman ,&nbsp;Selçuk Akkaya","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.12.048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.12.048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects approximately 280 million people worldwide, yet its neurobiological mechanisms remain largely unclear. Anti-myelin basic protein (anti-MBP) antibodies, markers of autoimmune activity, have been associated with various neuropsychiatric conditions, but their role in depression is poorly understood. This study examined the associations between serum anti-MBP levels, depression severity, functioning, and hippocampal volume, and compared anti-MBP levels between patients with MDD and healthy controls.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty patients diagnosed with MDD who applied to the psychiatry outpatient clinic of Farabi Hospital and 30 healthy controls matched for age, gender and education were included. All participants were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST). Venous blood samples were collected to determine anti-MBP levels. Hippocampal volumes were assessed using T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Linear regression analysis in the total sample of participants demonstrated that anti-MBP levels were significantly associated with a decrease in total (p = 0.020), right (p = 0.013), and left (p = 0.046) hippocampal volume. Furthermore, ROC analysis revealed that anti-MBP levels could distinguish MDD patients from healthy controls with high diagnostic accuracy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results suggest a potential association between anti-MBP antibodies and neuroimmune alterations in depression. Across all participants, age- and sex-adjusted regression analyses showed an inverse association between anti-MBP and hippocampal volume. Notably, anti-MBP levels were higher in patients, suggesting its potential utility as a biomarker candidate for future studies in MDD. Consistently, ROC analysis performed well in discriminating between patients and controls.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 90-98"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145863347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive validity of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-4 and Florida Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-II severity scale","authors":"Eric A. Storch ,&nbsp;Ryan J. McCarty ,&nbsp;Maya Zehavi ,&nbsp;Mahnoor Ahmad ,&nbsp;Vanessa Zavala Cruz ,&nbsp;Dayan Berrones ,&nbsp;Josselyn S. Muñoz ,&nbsp;Diana Obando ,&nbsp;Servando Rodriguez Barajas ,&nbsp;Renee M. Frederick ,&nbsp;Jacey L. Anderberg ,&nbsp;Hannah C. Moore ,&nbsp;Marcos E. Ochoa-Panaifo ,&nbsp;Mayra C. Martinez Mallen ,&nbsp;Ogechi C. Onyeka ,&nbsp;Andrew D. Wiese ,&nbsp;Melisa N. Sagarnaga ,&nbsp;Joseph F. McGuire ,&nbsp;Ygor Arzeno Ferrão ,&nbsp;James J. Crowley","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient and accurate screening tools are crucial for improving early identification and treatment outcomes among individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This study evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of two OCD screening measures: the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-4 (OCI-4) and the Florida Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-II (FOCI-II) severity scale. The measures were administered in a large transnational sample of Spanish speaking Latin American adults (<em>N</em> = 1696) with elevated obsessive-compulsive symptomatology. Participants completed diagnostic interviews (MINI and Y-BOCS) and self-report assessments across 23 sites in 11 countries. Both measures significantly distinguished OCD from non-OCD cases, with the FOCI-II demonstrating somewhat better predictive performance (AUC = .79) compared to the OCI-4 (AUC = .69). A score of 7 or greater for both the OCI-4 (64 % sensitivity, 66 % specificity) and FOCI-II severity scale (74 % sensitivity, 70 % specificity) were found to be the most appropriate cutoffs across the overall sample. Findings provide some support in the use of both tools in clinical and research contexts, with some comparative benefits of the FOCI-II.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 349-360"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145896571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered electroencephalographic microstate dynamics in major depressive disorder and their modulation by melatonergic treatment","authors":"Che-Sheng Chu ,&nbsp;Yen-Yue Lin ,&nbsp;Cathy Chia-Yu Huang ,&nbsp;Wei-Zhe Liang ,&nbsp;Wei-Chou Chang ,&nbsp;Alexander T. Sack ,&nbsp;Chuan-Chia Chang ,&nbsp;Hsin-An Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The modulation of brain dynamics by melatonin antidepressants in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Resting-state electroencephalographic (EEG) was recorded in 84 drug-free patients with MDD and 143 healthy controls. EEG data were collected at baseline and after 8-week agomelatine treatment. K-means clustering identified four canonical microstates (MS-A–D), and topographic analysis of variance assessed group differences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At baseline, patients with MDD showed increased occurrence and coverage of MS-C and MS-D, along with a higher transition probability between these two states, compared to healthy controls. In contrast, the duration and coverage of MS-A and MS-B, as well as their transition probabilities, were reduced in the MDD group. Following treatment, patients with MDD exhibited increased MS-A coverage and a higher transition probability from MS-A to MS-B, while the transition probability between MS-C and MS-D decreased. Several microstate parameters were normalized to those of healthy controls. Notably, MS-B occurrence negatively correlated with baseline anhedonia severity, although no microstate measures predicted changes in anhedonia over time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrates altered EEG microstate dynamics in patients with MDD and provides insights into the neural mechanisms underlying MDD. Microstate abnormalities may serve as potential clinical biomarkers for MDD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 294-302"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurocognitive correlates of Food and Alcohol Disturbances: An integrated neuropsychological investigation","authors":"Ludivine Ritz ,&nbsp;Nicolas Mauny ,&nbsp;Charlotte Montcharmont ,&nbsp;Hélène Beaunieux ,&nbsp;Pierre Maurage","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food and Alcohol Disturbance (FAD) represents a functional relationship between alcohol use and eating behaviors, in which individuals engage in disordered eating to enhance alcohol intoxication and/or compensate for alcohol-related caloric intake. FAD is highly prevalent among young adults, particularly University students. While the biopsychosocial correlates of FAD are documented, its specific neurocognitive correlates remain unexplored, despite extensive literature describing the distinct neurocognitive correlates of alcohol consumption and eating disorders. We therefore investigated whether FAD is associated with neurocognitive correlates in university students and examined whether different FAD sub-dimensions relate to distinct cognitive profiles. We assessed FAD in 130 French university students using the CEBRACS scale and administered an extensive neuropsychological battery measuring visuospatial abilities, episodic memory, and executive functions. We compared cognitive performance between individuals who do and do not engage in FAD and then conducted exploratory multivariate regression analyses to identify variations in cognitive profiles across the CEBRACS subscales. The general comparison between individuals who do and do not engage in FAD did not reveal significant differences. Conversely, analyses of the CEBRACS subscales identified specific patterns: (1) dietary restraint was associated with poorer visuospatial abilities and verbal episodic memory; (2) purging behaviors were associated with lower executive functioning but improved visual episodic memory; (3) extreme fasting and self-induced vomiting were associated with poorer visual episodic memory performance but higher executive functioning. These findings suggest that FAD is an umbrella term encompassing various cognitive profiles according to the distinct eating behaviors involved and highlight the importance of considering the subcomponents of FAD when exploring its neurocognitive correlates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 339-348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel, experimental design to assess rapid antidepressant action: Results from a phase 1b randomized trial of NV-5138","authors":"Steven D. Targum ,&nbsp;Gerard Sanacora ,&nbsp;Andrea E. Formella ,&nbsp;Gianpiera Ceresoli-Borroni ,&nbsp;Randall Owen","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Assessment of rapid-acting antidepressants (RAADs) requires rating scales sensitive to symptomatic changes over short time frames (hours to days). An innovative trial design was employed in an exploratory, first-in-human, phase 1b trial assessing rapid-acting effects of NV-5138 (mefluleucine), an intracellular enhancer of mechanistic target of rapamycin 1 synaptic signaling, for treatment-resistant depression.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multisite inpatient study used centrally rated Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) assessments to confirm symptom stability before randomization during a 3-day placebo run-in. Qualifying participants were randomized to single doses of NV-5138 (2400 mg) or matching placebo. Safety and efficacy were assessed over 72 h and included daily centrally rated MADRS assessments and more frequent site-based 6-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D₆) assessments (5 assessments within 24 h following dosing).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 93 individuals screened, 47 received placebo run-in, and 32 were randomized. NV-5138-treated participants experienced significant HAM-D₆ improvement at 4 and 12 h post-dose (both <em>P</em> = .02) versus placebo. Effect sizes for NV-5138–treated participants ranged from −0.5 to −0.8 at all assessments within 24 h. At 12 h, 5 (31 %) participants receiving NV-5138 and none receiving placebo met HAM-D₆ response criteria (50 % score reduction; <em>P</em> = .04). At 24 h, the MADRS favored NV-5138 but was not statistically different from placebo. NV-5138 was well tolerated, with no psychotomimetic, severe, or serious adverse events reported.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The innovative design of this exploratory study facilitated appropriate participant selection and rapid antidepressant response detection. These features may be useful in other trials evaluating RAADs (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03606395).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 211-220"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric evaluation of the preference to avoid self-experiences (PASE) scale: Cross-cultural validity and associations with complex PTSD and dissociation in an international female sample","authors":"Celinene M. Lay ,&nbsp;Guangzhe Frank Yuan ,&nbsp;Stanley Kam Ki Lam ,&nbsp;Marc Eric S. Reyes ,&nbsp;Edo S. Jaya ,&nbsp;Firdaus Mukhtar ,&nbsp;Amos En Zhe Lian ,&nbsp;Görkem Derin ,&nbsp;Peejay D. Bengwasan ,&nbsp;Georgekutty Kochuchakkalackal Kuriala ,&nbsp;Kadir Uludag ,&nbsp;Steffi Hartanto ,&nbsp;Nimaz Indryastuti Dewantary ,&nbsp;Riangga Novrianto ,&nbsp;Cindy Sin Yu Leung ,&nbsp;Hong Wang Fung","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.11.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.11.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to validate the English version of the Preference to Avoid Self-Experiences (PASE) scale, which assesses the tendency and preference to disengage from internal states (e.g., emotions, thoughts, and memories)—a cognitive process hypothesized to play a central role in trauma-related psychopathology. We evaluated the scale's psychometric properties and associations with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), complex PTSD (CPTSD), dissociation, and disturbances in self-organization (DSO) within an international female sample.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Data were collected from N = 995 female mental health service users across more than 25 countries. Participants completed validated self-report measures assessing PASE, childhood trauma, PTSD/CPTSD and dissociative symptoms, and experiential avoidance. Psychometric validation and analyses included exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validity, Rasch modeling, item reduction, measurement invariance testing, and multiple hierarchical regressions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The 19-item PASE emerged as a single-factor structure and demonstrated good model fit: <span><math><mrow><msup><mi>X</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>152</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><mn>724.548</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mspace></mspace><mo>.</mo><mn>001</mn></mrow></math></span>; CFI = 0.989; TLI = 0.988; RMSEA = 0.080 (90 % CI [0.074, 0.085]); SRMR = 0.058. Item fit statistics from the Partial credit model supported scale functioning (infit = 0.71–1.16, outfit = 0.70–1.32). Measurement invariance testing across Western and non-Western indicated equivalence (CFI = 0.989, TLI = 0.987, RMSEA = 0.082, SRMR = 0.064). PASE was significantly associated with PTSD <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mi>β</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>.</mo><mn>33</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mo>.</mo><mn>001</mn></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>, dissociation <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mi>β</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>.</mo><mn>39</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mo>.</mo><mn>001</mn></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>, and DSO <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mi>β</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>.</mo><mn>43</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mo>.</mo><mn>001</mn></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> symptoms, controlling for childhood trauma, experiential avoidance, and demographic variables and it emerged as the strongest predictor in all models.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The PASE Scale is a psychometrically valid and theoretically grounded tool that captures a distinct form and tendency of avoidance. Its associations with trauma-related symptoms emphasize its clinical and conceptual relevance for research and intervention targeting trauma-related psychopathology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"194 ","pages":"Pages 259-270"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145959534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}