Network meta-analysis of the effects of long-term non-pharmacologic treatment on inhibitory control in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of psychiatric research Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.05.028

Jingyi Zhou , Wen Jiang , Jingwen Wang , Jingjing Dou

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

To conduct a network meta-analysis comparing the effects of various long-term non-pharmacological treatments on inhibitory control in children and adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) to provide theoretical support for non-pharmacological interventions in ADHD management.

Methods

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of long-term non-pharmacological treatments on inhibitory control in children and adolescents with ADHD published up to November 11, 2024, were searched in databases such as CNKI, Web of Science, APA PsycInfo, Embase, PubMed and Cochrane Library.

Results

A total of 42 studies, including seven non-pharmacological types, were included, involving 1981 children and adolescents with ADHD, with a mean age of 10.04 ± 1.82 years. Both traditional and network meta-analyses based on post-test data revealed that physical exercise, cognitive training, behavior therapy, and neurofeedback significantly improved inhibitory control (P < 0.05), with physical exercise showing the best improvement (SUCRA: 85.9 %). At the same time, board games, EMG feedback, and meditation had no significant effect (P > 0.05). Follow-up analysis showed that behavior therapy and cognitive training had a good maintenance effect (P < 0.05), with behavior therapy demonstrating the best sustained effect (SUCRA: 95.1 %). In contrast, physical exercise, board games, and neurofeedback showed diminishing effects over time and had no significant long-term effect (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

Existing evidence shows that physical exercise, cognitive training, behavior therapy, and neurofeedback all have a positive effect on improving inhibitory control in children and adolescents with ADHD, with physical exercise showing the best effect, though with poor maintenance, while cognitive training and behavior therapy had a slightly lower effect, but their maintenance was better.

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长期非药物治疗对儿童和青少年注意缺陷多动障碍抑制控制影响的网络meta分析

目的通过网络meta分析，比较各种长期非药物治疗对儿童青少年注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）抑制控制的影响，为非药物干预治疗ADHD提供理论支持。方法检索截至2024年11月11日发表的关于长期非药物治疗对儿童和青少年ADHD抑制控制影响的随机对照试验（RCTs），检索数据库包括CNKI、Web of Science、APA PsycInfo、Embase、PubMed和Cochrane Library。结果共纳入42项研究，包括7项非药物类型，共纳入1981例ADHD儿童和青少年，平均年龄为10.04±1.82岁。基于后测数据的传统meta分析和网络meta分析均显示，体育锻炼、认知训练、行为治疗和神经反馈显著改善抑制控制(P <；以体育锻炼改善效果最好（supra: 85.9%）。与此同时，桌游、肌电反馈和冥想无显著影响(P >；0.05)。随访分析表明，行为治疗和认知训练具有良好的维持效果(P <；0.05)，行为疗法表现出最好的持续效果（supra: 95.1%）。相比之下，体育锻炼、棋盘游戏和神经反馈的效果随着时间的推移而逐渐减弱，没有显著的长期效果(P >；0.05)。结论现有证据表明，体育锻炼、认知训练、行为治疗和神经反馈对改善儿童青少年ADHD的抑制控制均有积极作用，其中体育锻炼效果最好，但维持效果较差，而认知训练和行为治疗效果略低，但维持效果较好。

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来源期刊

Journal of psychiatric research 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

2.10%

发文量

622

审稿时长

130 days

期刊介绍： Founded in 1961 to report on the latest work in psychiatry and cognate disciplines, the Journal of Psychiatric Research is dedicated to innovative and timely studies of four important areas of research: (1) clinical studies of all disciplines relating to psychiatric illness, as well as normal human behaviour, including biochemical, physiological, genetic, environmental, social, psychological and epidemiological factors; (2) basic studies pertaining to psychiatry in such fields as neuropsychopharmacology, neuroendocrinology, electrophysiology, genetics, experimental psychology and epidemiology; (3) the growing application of clinical laboratory techniques in psychiatry, including imagery and spectroscopy of the brain, molecular biology and computer sciences;