Journal of psychiatric research最新文献

{"title":"Intranasal esketamine for patients with major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Soroush Oraee ,&nbsp;Mohammadreza Alinejadfard ,&nbsp;Hossein Golsorkh ,&nbsp;Majid Sadeghian ,&nbsp;Maryam Fanaei ,&nbsp;Rosella Centis ,&nbsp;Lia D'Ambrosio ,&nbsp;Giovanni Sotgiu ,&nbsp;Hossein Goudarzi ,&nbsp;Giovanni Battista Migliori ,&nbsp;Mohammad Javad Nasiri","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A large number of people worldwide grapple with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and a significant portion of them confront resistance to conventional antidepressant treatments. Esketamine, an innovative intervention, has garnered attention due to its rapid-acting antidepressant effects. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of esketamine in individuals with MDD and Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD). We performed an extensive search of electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library, covering the period from inception to January 15, 2024, to identify clinical trials investigating the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of esketamine in individuals with MDD and TRD. Meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effect model, with the risk ratio (RR) chosen as the effect size. After screening, nine studies met inclusion criteria comprising 1752 patients. Esketamine dosages varied from 28 to 84 mg, administered intranasally in conjunction with an oral antidepressant. Intranasal esketamine exhibited significantly higher remission rates compared to the placebo (RR = 1.371, 95% CI: 1.194 to 1.574, p &lt; 0.0001). Subgroup analysis revealed that the 84 mg and flexible doses were particularly effective. Moreover, intranasal esketamine demonstrated higher response rates compared to the placebo (RR = 1.274, 95% CI: 1.108 to 1.465, p-value = 0.001). Although adverse events were common in the esketamine group, they were generally tolerable. Intranasal esketamine demonstrated effectiveness in reducing scores among patients with MDD and TRD. The drug exhibited both safety and tolerability. However, further research is warranted to investigate its long-term effects and efficacy in specific patient subgroups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"180 ","pages":"Pages 371-379"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between total antioxidant capacity and prevalence of depression: NHANES 2007–2018","authors":"Yan Liu ,&nbsp;Yu Han ,&nbsp;Yuqi Gao ,&nbsp;Mengzi Sun ,&nbsp;Fengdan Wang ,&nbsp;Zibo Wu ,&nbsp;Sizhe Wang ,&nbsp;Yibo Dong ,&nbsp;Jing Zhao ,&nbsp;Sitong Xin ,&nbsp;Bo Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Globally, depression is a serious public health problem with high incidence and recurrence rate. Although studies analyzed the association between different oxidative stress components and depression, few of them have explored the effect of total antioxidant capacity on depression. We aimed to explore the cross-sectional association of total antioxidant capacity with depression prevalence by sex group, and whether there was an interaction between the total antioxidant capacity and other exposures.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2018. A total of 24,375 participants were included. The Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) and the Oxidative Balance Score (OBS) were used to estimate the antioxidant capacity. The association between total antioxidant capacity and depression were analyzed using binary logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both CDAI and OBS were inversely associated with the prevalence of depression (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). There was an interaction between OBS and hypertension (<em>P</em>-interaction = 0.043), and none of the other variables (including sex) had a statistically significant interaction with OBS. Higher levels of OBS were strongly associated with lower odds ratio of depression, especially in the non-hypertensive group. There were three subgroups that had lower odds ratio of depression compared with the OBS 1 combined hypertension subgroup (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Higher total antioxidant capacity was significantly associated with lower odds ratio of depression. An interaction existed between OBS and hypertension in the whole sample. The inverse association between OBS and depression was clearer in individuals without hypertension than in individuals with hypertension.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"181 ","pages":"Pages 134-143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among depressed adolescents: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) study during verbal fluency tasks","authors":"Ziyang Peng ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Liu ,&nbsp;Fang Cheng ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Yin ,&nbsp;Meng Chen ,&nbsp;Jiyu Xie ,&nbsp;Wenwu Zhang ,&nbsp;Dongsheng Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The diagnosis and treatment of adolescents engaging in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) have been a clinical focus. We examined the hemodynamic changes in verbal fluency tasks (VFT) of adolescents with depression and NSSI, and its association with NSSI indexes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seventy-three adolescents with depression and NSSI and sixty-nine healthy controls (HCs) were employed. The VFT was performed by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Independent-sample <em>t</em>-test, correlation analysis, and liner regression were measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the VFT, reduced hemodynamic changes were found in the NSSI group, including thirteen channels. Totally seven ROIs were defined according to which brain region these channels had the largest coverage and other channels that also belonged to it. They are the right inferior frontal gyrus (RIFG, <em>t</em> = −2.53, <em>FDR corrected p</em> = 0.02), right middle frontal gyrus (RMFG, <em>t</em> = −3.47, <em>FDR corrected p</em> = 0.002), right superior frontal gyrus (RSFG, <em>t</em> = −2.98, <em>FDR corrected p</em> = 0.005), left middle frontal gyrus (LMFG, <em>t</em> = −3.26, <em>FDR corrected p</em> = 0.002), left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG, <em>t</em> = −2.80, <em>FDR corrected p</em> = 0.001), left precentral gyrus (LPrCG, t = −2.22, <em>FDR corrected p</em> = 0.03), and left supramarginal gyrus (LSMG, t = −2.20, <em>FDR corrected p</em> = 0.03). Negative correlations were found between the frequency of NSSI and the bilateral IFG (RIFG, <em>r</em> = −0.28, <em>p</em> = 0.01; LIFG, <em>r</em> = −0.26, <em>p</em> = 0.03). BDI and BAI have positive correlations with the frequency of NSSI (BDI: r = 0.42, FDR corrected p &lt; 0.001; BAI: r = 0.41, FDR corrected p &lt; 0.001), but results of liner regression showed that both of them do not affect the association between the frequency of NSSI and hemodynamic changes in bilateral IFG (RIFG, p = 0.01; LIFG, p = 0.04).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Adolescents with depression and NSSI have worse performance in the VFT, and lower activation in the bilateral IFG may represent a higher frequency of NSSI. These results help physicians enhance the understanding of adolescents with depression and NSSI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"180 ","pages":"Pages 418-427"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can evaluative pairings of others’ bodies improve body dissatisfaction indirectly? A randomized-controlled online study with adult women","authors":"Elena M. Tullius,&nbsp;Georg Halbeisen,&nbsp;Georgios Paslakis","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Body dissatisfaction is an important risk factor for developing eating disorders. This study investigated whether pairing images of normatively “healthy” weight bodies of women with positive stimuli, and images of bodies outside the healthy range (e.g., underweight) with neutral stimuli, could improve body dissatisfaction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We compared behavioral and rating data from 121 adult women who participated in an online study and were randomly assigned to an intervention condition (in which healthy body mass predicted positive stimuli) or a control condition (with no contingency between body mass and stimulus valence).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Behavioral data showed that women in the intervention condition, compared to the control condition, learned to associate healthy bodies with positive valence. Having learned to associate healthy bodies with positive valence, in turn, predicted reductions in body dissatisfaction. The intervention and control conditions were not directly associated with changes in body dissatisfaction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Learning to associate healthy bodies with any positive stimuli could be a relevant mechanism for understanding and predicting improvements in women's body dissatisfaction. Further research is required regarding the impact of contingency learning on the evaluation of other bodies, and the selection of other bodies for body-related social comparison processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"180 ","pages":"Pages 340-348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of high intensity interval training on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in individuals with PTSD","authors":"Annabell Jäger ,&nbsp;Anima Pieper ,&nbsp;Kathlen Priebe ,&nbsp;Rainer Hellweg ,&nbsp;Kristina Meyer ,&nbsp;Sarah Herrmann ,&nbsp;Bernd Wolfarth ,&nbsp;Maximilian Grummt ,&nbsp;Andreas Ströhle ,&nbsp;Nikola Schoofs","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a protein important for synaptic plasticity and formation of memory. It is suggested to play an important role in the development of psychiatric disorders like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Individuals with PTSD usually show decreased BDNF levels in serum. Physical exercise has shown to be effective in increasing serum BDNF levels.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>As the most beneficial form of exercise to raise serum BDNF levels in individuals with PTSD is yet to be determined, we compared two training protocols and their effects on BDNF release. We expected that a training with higher intensity increases BDNF serum levels more than a low intensity training (LIT).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>40 participants (80% female) diagnosed with PTSD were randomized to either high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or a low intensity training group (LIT). They underwent a 12-day training period. We measured serum BDNF levels pre- and post-exercise on first and last intervention day. BDNF was controlled for platelet counts.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the HIIT group there was a significant increase in serum BDNF post-exercise on both days measured, respectively when controlled for platelets. The increase was transient. Both groups did not show an increase in serum BDNF over the course of the 12-day training period.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A single session of HIIT raised serum BDNF levels in individuals with PTSD transiently. Neither HIIT nor LIT raised serum BDNF levels over the course of 12 days.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"180 ","pages":"Pages 355-361"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining treatment response in gambling disorder","authors":"Jon E. Grant ,&nbsp;Konstantinos Ioannidis ,&nbsp;Samuel R. Chamberlain","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Gambling disorder is a common mental health condition, and a growing cause of concern globally. Despite the availability of well-validated self-report and clinical instruments to measure symptom severity, there has been no study to establish optimal thresholds for determining treatment response based on these measures.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 553 participants (aged 18–65 years) who had participated in previous pharmacological and psychotherapeutic clinical trials for gambling disorder were aggregated. Studies were included that collected Clinical Global Impression Improvement (CGI-I) at end-of-study (reference standard), as well as baseline and end-of-study symptom severity using the Gambling Symptom Assessment Scale (GSAS) and/or the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Modified for Pathological Gambling (PG-YBOCS). Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) analyses were conducted to identify optimal thresholds for determining treatment response.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Greater than 50% improvement in PG-YBOCS and 35% improvement in GSAS were the optimal thresholds for defining treatment response. For the PG-YBOCS, the cutoff had acceptable sensitivity and specificity (85.0%, 83.0%) and area under the curve of 0.904. For the GSAS, the cutoff had acceptable sensitivity and specificity (81.2%, 73.4%), and area under the curve of 0.859.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study provides useful thresholds on two widely used, valid outcome measures for gambling disorder, in terms of determining treatment response or absence thereof. These thresholds may be useful for clinical practice at the level of individual patients, but also for future clinical trials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"180 ","pages":"Pages 382-386"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A self-guided virtual reality solution for social anxiety: Results from a randomized controlled study","authors":"Cameron Lacey ,&nbsp;Chris Frampton ,&nbsp;Ben Beaglehole","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.10.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.10.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The study examines the efficacy of a mobile application, oVRcome, which offers self-managed virtual reality exposure therapy combined with cognitive-behavioural techniques to treat social anxiety disorder.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted over six weeks with a waitlist delayed treatment group and follow-ups at 12 and 18 weeks. Participants were adults living in New Zealand with moderate to severe social anxiety disorder, as measured by the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS). The primary focus was on the change in LSAS scores from baseline to the sixth week. All analyses utilized the intention-to-treat data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of 126 randomized participants, 81 completed the six-week follow-up. The retention rate at week 6 was 67.5%. The reduction in LSAS scores was significantly greater in the active group compared to the waitlist delayed treatment group (active group mean = −35.7 [SD = 24.0]; waitlist group: mean = − 2.2 [SD = 13.5]; p &lt; 0.001), for an effect size of 1.8.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study demonstrates that oVRcome can effectively reduce social anxiety symptoms, offering a viable self-guided treatment option.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registry</h3><div><span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> ID NCT05576259.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"180 ","pages":"Pages 333-339"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142604291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-morbid cannabis use disorder and chronotype are associated with mood symptom onset in people with bipolar disorder","authors":"Alannah Miranda ,&nbsp;Breanna M. Holloway ,&nbsp;William Perry ,&nbsp;Arpi Minassian ,&nbsp;Michael McCarthy","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Comorbid cannabis use disorder (CUD) is disproportionately high in people with bipolar disorder (BD) and has been associated with worsening of BD symptoms. However, many people with BD report regularly using cannabis to ameliorate symptoms, including sleep disturbances. Sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances are hallmark features of BD that often precede the onset of mood symptoms. Genetic studies indicate that circadian disruption may predispose individuals towards both problematic cannabis use and BD, rather than cannabis use directly impacting BD symptoms. To further disentangle these hypotheses, we aimed to investigate the relationship between chronotype, cannabis use disorder (CUD) and BD mood symptoms. Data from 212 participants with BD I from the Pharmacogenomics of Bipolar Disorder study dataset were analyzed for this study. Participants were stratified by those diagnosed with co-morbid CUD and BD symptom variables, including the mean number of mood episodes per year and age of mood symptom onset for both depression and mania symptoms. The Basic Language Morningness scale (BALM) was used to assess chronotype. There was no interaction between morningness levels and CUD on BD symptoms, however both lower morningness and CUD were independently associated with earlier age of mood symptom onset. However, patients who reported initiating cannabis use post mood symptom onset had an earlier mood symptom age of onset compared to those who reported initiating cannabis use prior to mood symptom onset. These findings could provide further evidence that circadian rhythm disruption could be an underlying factor that predisposes individuals toward both CUD and BD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"180 ","pages":"Pages 327-332"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142604431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unilateral and bilateral theta burst stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: Follow up on a naturalistic observation study","authors":"Mariam Elnazali ,&nbsp;Ashan Veerakumar ,&nbsp;Mervin Blair ,&nbsp;Emily L. Pearce ,&nbsp;Noah Kim ,&nbsp;Sreya Sebastian ,&nbsp;Jonathan B. Santo ,&nbsp;Yuri E. Rybak ,&nbsp;Amer M. Burhan","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.10.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.10.031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Theta burst stimulation (TBS) is a novel and faster modality of transcranial magnetic stimulation, which is showing promise as a treatment-resistant depression (TRD) treatment. Though TBS can be applied unilaterally or bilaterally, few studies have compared the effectiveness of both approaches in a naturalistic clinical sample. In this retrospective chart review, we aimed to: (1) replicate previous bilateral sequential TBS effectiveness in a larger cohort of patients at a single centre, (2) present treatment outcome data between unilateral and bilateral TBS approaches, (3) investigate baseline factors associated with our observed outcomes, and (4) examine the sustainability of response, with follow-up data up to 6 months from patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 161 patients who received TBS (unilateral: n = 64 (40%), 45.55 ± 14.25 years old, 55% females; bilateral: n = 97 (60%), 47.67 ± 15.11 years old, 58% females).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Firstly, we observed 47% response and 34% remission in the bilateral group, replicating findings from a smaller naturalistic study from our group; patients receiving unilateral TBS displayed 36% response and 26% remission, with no significant differences found between unilateral and bilateral TBS in remission and response rates. Secondly, bilaterally stimulated patients needed fewer treatments than those stimulated unilaterally (27 vs 29 on average respectively, <em>t</em> [159] = 3.31, <em>p</em> = .001), and had significantly lower anxiety symptoms post treatment (GAD-7) relative to patients receiving unilateral stimulation, <em>F</em> (1,148) = 3.95, <em>p</em> = .049. Thirdly, no baseline factors were found to predict treatment outcomes. Lastly, after six months, 69% of patients who met the response criteria did not require additional treatment or a change in medication.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings support the efficacy and tolerability of TBS in TRD and indicate that bilateral TBS may have a superior anxiolytic effect and offer a slightly faster time to response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"180 ","pages":"Pages 387-393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity and heart rate in PTSD inpatients: Moderation by custody of a service dog","authors":"Steven H. Woodward ,&nbsp;Andrea L. Jamison ,&nbsp;Sasha Gala ,&nbsp;Diana Villasenor ,&nbsp;Gisselle Tamayo ,&nbsp;Melissa Puckett","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.10.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.10.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Posttraumatic stress disorder is associated with autonomic hyperarousal often shown to involve elevated resting heart rate and, simultaneously if somewhat paradoxically, reduced physical activity. Both are risk factors for cardiovascular disease and so may contribute to its elevated prevalence in persons with this diagnosis. Epidemiological studies have observed dog owners to exhibit lower rates of cardiovascular disease. Non-randomized between-group studies have found service dog companionship to be associated with increased physical activity and with lower resting heart rate. A challenge to research in this area is its vulnerability to selection biases in group assignment which could lead to over-estimation of advantages or disadvantages associated with pet or service dog contact and companionship. The current study executed a within-subjects design investigating physical activity and heart rate in a sample of U.S. military Veterans engaged in residential treatment for PTSD and a concurrent service animal training intervention. A mean of 37 days of continuously-recorded day-time physical activity and heart rate were obtained from 45 participants. On days when they had custody of a familiar service-dog-in-training, participants exhibited increased physical activity accompanied by a small reduction in concurrent, activity-adjusted heart rate. Though observed in a specialized context, these short-term findings align with prior observations of lowered risk of cardiovascular disease in association with pet dog ownership. Extended longitudinal designs will be necessary to determine whether such short-term effects truly mediate lowered long-term risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"180 ","pages":"Pages 362-370"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}