Journal of psychiatric research最新文献

{"title":"The prevalence and predictors of aggressive obsessions in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A meta-analytic review","authors":"Emily J. Fawcett ,&nbsp;Quinn Morris ,&nbsp;Chelsea Lahey ,&nbsp;Charlotte Corran ,&nbsp;Sandra Krause ,&nbsp;Olivia C. Bishop ,&nbsp;Joshua A. Rash ,&nbsp;Jacqueline Carter ,&nbsp;Jonathan M. Fawcett","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a heterogeneous condition often characterized in relation to major symptom dimensions, including contamination, symmetry/exactness, religious, aggressive, sexual, hoarding/saving, somatic, and miscellaneous. Aggressive obsessions, defined as intrusive thoughts of (unintentionally or intentionally) harming oneself or others, are experienced as distressing, commonly misdiagnosed by healthcare providers, and highly stigmatized. The aims of the current study were to: (a) provide an aggregate estimate of the worldwide prevalence of aggressive obsessions among adults (18+ years) with clinician-diagnosed OCD; and (b) quantify sources of heterogeneity amongst prevalence estimates using moderator analyses. A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases. Of the 7794 studies screened, 110 were coded for analysis. Lifetime and current (e.g., past-week) prevalence rates were estimated to be 70.3 %, <em>CI</em>_{<em>95 %</em>} [61.6, 77.7], and 52.6 %, <em>CI</em>_{<em>95</em> %} [46.3, 59.0], respectively, and reflected substantial heterogeneity. For 28.0 % of individuals, aggressive obsessions were categorized as their primary and most distressing symptom. Moderator analyses revealed higher current prevalence of aggressive obsessions across samples with a greater mean age, longer mean illness duration, lower mean age of OCD onset, and greater comorbid social anxiety disorder prevalence, while significantly fewer aggressive obsessions were reported in samples from the Asia Pacific region, and with higher percentages of married individuals. Finally, risk ratio analyses revealed that individuals with: a) early vs. late OCD onset; and b) suicidal ideation vs. not, were 1.17 times, <em>CI</em>_{<em>95 %</em>} [1.07, 1.27], and 1.98 times, CI_95 %[1.47, 2.66], more likely to report aggressive obsessions, respectively. Results support the need for early identification and increased monitoring among individuals experiencing aggressive obsessions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 264-283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146132104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlates of alcohol use and alcohol use disorder among youth with bipolar disorder","authors":"Alysha A. Sultan ,&nbsp;Chon Hei Wong ,&nbsp;Benjamin I. Goldstein","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite increased prevalence of alcohol use and alcohol use disorder (AUD) in youth with bipolar disorder (BD), little is known about the clinical correlates of this comorbidity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants included 250 youth aged 13–20 years with BD (n = 135 with no alcohol use; n = 76 with alcohol use; and n = 39 with lifetime AUD). Multinomial logistic regression examined associations between demographic and clinical characteristics and alcohol use group (reference: no alcohol use), adjusting for age and sex. Binary logistic regression compared the alcohol use and AUD groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Relative to youth with no alcohol use, those with alcohol use or AUD had higher rates of drug use disorder, smoking and impulsivity; these were also higher in youth with AUD versus alcohol use. Compared to no alcohol use, youth with alcohol use had higher current mania, whereas youth with AUD were older and had higher rates of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), conduct disorder (CD), eating disorder, current and lifetime depression, emotional dysregulation and interpersonal problems. Compared to alcohol use, youth with AUD had higher rates of ODD and CD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In addition to the expected association of alcohol use and AUD with use of other substances, youth with BD and alcohol use or AUD had greater impulsivity. Furthermore, AUD was associated with increased rates of multiple internalizing and externalizing comorbidities. Adverse clinical correlates were significantly more common among youth with AUD vs. alcohol use. Pending findings from longitudinal research, these correlates provide potential prevention and treatment targets to mitigate adverse effects of alcohol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 309-316"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146157608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use or no use? Young People's engagement with mental health services","authors":"Corine Driessens ,&nbsp;Kim Markham-Jones ,&nbsp;Nicole Davenport ,&nbsp;Mahdi Hassan ,&nbsp;Shahrbano Iqbal ,&nbsp;Friday Skelton ,&nbsp;Fiona Lacey ,&nbsp;Peter WF. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mental health challenges among young people are a significant concern in the United Kingdom, with an estimated 16 % of young people experiencing common mental health problems like anxiety and/or depression on any given day, yet only one in four of these are able to access mental health services. This study seeks to identify the key determinants influencing young people's mental health care utilization and to examine the experiences faced by those who do not engage with mental health services, using a co-produced adaptation of Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Care Utilization to analyze linked health care data from the NEXT STEPS cohort. Imputation addressed missing data, while logistic regression assessed need, enablers, and predispositions influencing care use. Key findings indicate that young people's mental health care utilization is primarily driven by clinically assessed need, while factors such as female gender, presence of psychiatric-level symptoms, limited social support, external locus of control, parental unemployment emerged as weaker predictors of service engagement. Young people with common mental health problems who had not accessed mental health services were less likely than service users to be female, live in single-parent households, have caring responsibilities, or report bullying, but were more likely to report positive parental relationships. Adults who had accessed mental health services as a young person experienced less favourable adult outcomes and quality of life relative to non-users. These findings highlight the need to reform youth mental health care models towards more inclusive, preventative, and holistic approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 169-176"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146113098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Auditory processing deficits in schizophrenia: Evidence from a novel task","authors":"Yingding Ma ,&nbsp;Zetao Huang ,&nbsp;Jiuju Wang ,&nbsp;Yanping Song ,&nbsp;Xiangqun Wang ,&nbsp;Chaojun Hao ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Daijun Ke ,&nbsp;Ziyu Ye ,&nbsp;Dafang Ouyang ,&nbsp;Wentian Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Deficits in basic auditory processing (BAP) are features of schizophrenia (SCZ), contributing to cognitive and psychosocial dysfunction. While pitch discrimination tasks are widely used to assess BAP, conventional tasks conflate auditory processing deficits with impairments in echoic memory. We designed a novel Simultaneous Binaural Pitch Discrimination (SBPD) task to focus more on BAP by eliminating temporal separation between stimuli.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We administered the SBPD task to 42 patients with SCZ and 42 demographically matched healthy controls (HC). Pure tone pairs were presented simultaneously binaurally by dichotic headphones, requiring participants to judge pitch identity/differences without echoic memory involvement. Accuracy and reaction time were examined and analyzed. Relationships between clinical variables (age at diagnosis, illness duration and antipsychotic dosage) and task performance were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients exhibited significantly lower accuracy than controls (57.87 % vs. 74.33 %, t = −3.688, p &lt; 0.001; Cohen's d = −0.62) and longer reaction times (2111.61 ± 447.18 ms vs. 1906.04 ± 413.88 ms, t = 2.414, P = 0.020, d = 0.40).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We employed a newly designed task and found basic auditory processing deficits in patients compared to healthy individuals. Future studies should investigate the stability and neural mechanisms of binaural integration deficits, particularly brainstem dysfunction implicated in abnormal auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) in SCZ.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 47-51"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146036712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)","authors":"Tianran Zhang ,&nbsp;Dimitrios Adamis","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been proposed as a potential non-pharmacological intervention for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). While evidence from pediatric populations is growing, the effects of tDCS in adults with ADHD remain insufficiently characterized, increasing recognition of ADHD as a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition with persistent functional impairments.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of tDCS in adults with ADHD across clinical, cognitive, and neurophysiological outcome domains.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Six electronic databases were systematically searched to identify peer-reviewed controlled trials evaluating tDCS interventions in adults with clinically diagnosed ADHD through May 2025. Data extraction encompassed clinical symptom outcomes, cognitive task performance, neurophysiological findings, adverse events, medication status, and stimulation protocols. Study quality was assessed using the Downs and Black checklist. Where sufficient data were available, an exploratory random-effects meta-analysis was conducted for clinical symptom outcomes; all other outcomes were synthesized narratively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eleven controlled studies (n = 415) met inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis. Two randomized controlled trials provided sufficient data for exploratory meta-analysis of clinical symptoms. Pooled results suggested a possible beneficial effect of tDCS on inattention symptoms, accompanied by substantial heterogeneity (<em>I</em>^<em>2</em> = 79.95 %), while no significant effect was observed for hyperactivity/impulsivity. Cognitive outcomes were heterogeneous and domain-specific, with some evidence of post-stimulation improvements in inhibitory control, working memory, and attentional measures. Two studies reported tDCS-induced modulation of frontal neurophysiological markers associated with cognitive control. Stimulation protocols varied considerably across studies, with no consistent association between specific parameters and outcomes. Adverse events were generally mild and transient, and follow-up data were limited.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Current evidence suggests that tDCS may exert domain-specific effects on inattention and selected cognitive functions in adults with ADHD. However, conclusions remain tentative due to methodological heterogeneity, small sample sizes, and limited quantitative evidence. Future research should prioritize standardized protocols, adequately powered trials with extended follow-up periods, integration of neurophysiological biomarkers, and systematic evaluation of individual difference factors to clarify the therapeutic potential and mechanisms, and advance precision neuromodulation approaches for adult ADHD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 74-84"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cabergoline and impulse control disorders: Screening patients with pituitary adenomas in an endocrinology clinic","authors":"Max Lydiatt ,&nbsp;Bryndis Grissom ,&nbsp;Jake Givens ,&nbsp;Mukanya Tchombela ,&nbsp;Andjela Drincic","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cabergoline, a dopamine agonist, is a first-line treatment for prolactinoma. However, de novo impulse control disorders (ICDs) are an increasingly recognized side effect, with reported prevalence up to 59.8 %. This study evaluated risk factors for ICD development and assessed the effectiveness of current screening practices.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Electronic medical records were reviewed for patients seen by endocrinology with a diagnosis of “Benign neoplasm of pituitary gland (D35.2∗)” who had been prescribed cabergoline. Records were examined for ICD risk factors, clinical evidence of ICDs, and documented screening. A subgroup analysis was perfomed among the patients that had been screened.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 282 patients on cabergoline, 14 (5 %) developed clinically significant ICDs. ICD development was significantly more common in males (86 % of ICD cases vs. 41 % of non-ICD cases, <em>p</em> = 0.001). No significant associations were observed with race (<em>p</em> = 0.17), ethnicity (<em>p</em> = 1.00), smoking status (<em>p</em> = 0.77), testosterone therapy in males (<em>p</em> = 0.80), psychiatric diagnoses (<em>p</em> = 0.37), or psychotropic medication use (<em>p</em> = 0.48). Patients with ICDs had a higher mean maximum weekly cabergoline dose (2.2 mg vs. 1.3 mg, <em>p</em> = 0.01). Only 26.6 % of patients were screened or informed of ICD risk at the initial visit. Screening was associated with ICD identification: 93 % of ICD patients were screened compared with 17 % of non-ICD patients (p &lt; 0.0001). In the screened cohort, no significant associations with sex or cabergoline dose were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Male sex and higher cabergoline doses were associated with ICD development in the overall population but not in the subgrop of patients that had a documented screening. Other suspected risk factors, including psychiatric comorbidity and testosterone therapy, were not associated with development of ICD—adding nuance to prior findings. Screening was infrequent and disproportionately associated with ICD detection, suggesting underdiagnosis due to lack of proactive assessment. These results highlight the need for universal, standardized ICD screening in prolactinoma patients prior to and during cabergoline treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 105-112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissociative symptoms in depressive and anxiety disorders: prevalence and clinical correlates in a real-world outpatient sample","authors":"Anna Dunalska ,&nbsp;Andrzej Jakubczyk ,&nbsp;Agata Szulc ,&nbsp;Natalia Szejko","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dissociative symptoms are increasingly recognized beyond trauma-related and dissociative disorders, yet their role in depressive and anxiety disorders remains understudied, particularly in routine clinical settings. This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence and clinical correlates of dissociative symptoms in 133 adult outpatients with depressive and/or anxiety disorders prior to pharmacological treatment. Dissociation was assessed using the Dissociative Experiences Scale-Revised (DES-R) and the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire-20 (SDQ-20), distinguishing between psychoform and somatoform dissociation subtypes. Clinically significant dissociation was observed in 12 % of participants (DES-R) and 18.8 % (SDQ-20). Preoccupation and imaginal involvement were the most common psychoform symptoms, whereas somatoform symptoms were widespread, with no significant difference between the positive and negative subtypes. Somatoform dissociation showed a moderate correlation with anxiety, especially somatic anxiety, whereas psychoform dissociation was only weakly associated with anxiety severity. Interaction and mediation analyses revealed distinct pathways: psychoform dissociation was independently associated with both depression and anxiety, and the nonlinear interaction suggested a saturation effect at high levels of depression. In contrast, somatoform dissociation was indirectly associated with depression via anxiety, suggesting a mediating role. These findings support the disconnection and compartmentalization theory and indicate that dissociative symptoms, even in the absence of trauma, can complicate the clinical presentation of depressive and anxiety disorders. Given that more than 10 % of participants met criteria for both severe depressive and anxiety symptoms and pathological dissociation, routine screening for dissociation seems warranted in psychiatric assessment and treatment planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 85-91"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut-brain axis in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A narrative review of the links between gut microbiota and ADHD pathophysiology","authors":"Barbara Luyens ,&nbsp;Francisco Felgueroso-Bueno ,&nbsp;Amandine Everard ,&nbsp;Isabelle Massat","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Characterized by developmentally inappropriate levels of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder, posing a significant public health concern. Its etiopathogenesis is considered multifactorial with complex determinism but remains unclear. Recent research highlights the gut microbiota and the gut-brain axis as promising avenues for understanding and potentially treating ADHD, with a growing number of studies exploring alterations in gut microbiota composition among affected individuals. This narrative review examines the current literature on the role of the gut microbiota in ADHD and focuses on key findings about bacterial composition, how it may be linked to ADHD symptomatology, and the possible mechanisms involved.</div><div>While studies consistently report changes in microbial composition and diversity in individuals with ADHD, results remain heterogeneous across taxonomic levels. Some compelling evidence also suggests a link between gut microbial profiles and ADHD symptom severity. The involvement of microbiota in influencing neurodevelopment is proposed to be mediated through mechanisms related to SCFA production, immune modulation, and neurotransmitter synthesis. These findings pave the way for microbiota-targeted interventions as adjunct therapies for ADHD.</div><div>This review evaluates areas of consensus and discrepancies between studies, while addressing the methodological limitations present in this field of research. Although the gut microbiota appears to play a meaningful role in the complex and multifactorial origins of ADHD, more rigorous and comprehensive studies are needed to confirm these findings and translate them into effective clinical applications. This could ultimately improve both our understanding and treatment of this heterogeneous disorder.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 199-211"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146112942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between self-concept, self-concept clarity, and self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SI, SA, and NSSI): A three-level meta-analysis","authors":"CongYuan Liao ,&nbsp;Yi Hou ,&nbsp;DongKui Li ,&nbsp;Dong Yang ,&nbsp;Ying Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs), including suicidal ideation (SI), suicide attempts (SA), and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), pose a significant global public health challenge. This meta-analysis examines the relationship between self-concept, self-concept clarity, and SITBs. Although prior research suggests associations between self-concept, self-concept clarity, and SITBs, the strength and direction of these relationships remain inconsistent.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This meta-analysis synthesized effect sizes from studies in PubMed, PsycInfo, and Web of Science, using a three-level meta-analytic model to examine associations between self-concept, self-concept clarity, and SITBs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 33 studies with 113 effect sizes (N = 23,772) were analyzed. Significant negative correlations were found between self-concept and suicidal ideation (r = −0.234), and suicide attempts (r = −0.194). The correlation with NSSI (r = −0.258) was not stable. Significant heterogeneity was present, but no significant moderators were found. No publication bias was identified. Self-concept clarity was negatively associated with suicidal ideation (r = −0.295) and NSSI (r = −0.257). The association with suicide attempts (r = −0.244) was inconclusive. The results for self-concept clarity should be considered exploratory, and no publication bias, sensitivity, or moderator tests were conducted due to the limited number of effect sizes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This meta-analysis highlights some significant, albeit small, negative associations between self-concept, self-concept clarity, and SITBs. However, due to the limited number of studies and effect sizes, some results should be considered exploratory. Future research should explore potential mediating and moderating factors and examine longitudinal relationships to better understand the causal pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145996534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The beneficial effect of a multispecies probiotic intervention on quality of sleep – a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study","authors":"Angela Horvath ,&nbsp;Rosa Haller ,&nbsp;Karin Schmid-Zalaudek ,&nbsp;Nandu Goswami ,&nbsp;Jolana Wagner-Skacel ,&nbsp;Hansjörg Habisch ,&nbsp;Tobias Madl ,&nbsp;Vanessa Stadlbauer","doi":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.01.040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Study objectives</h3><div>Sleep disorders are common and impair performance and health. The intestinal microbiome regulates human chronobiology. Microbiome modulation through probiotic intervention might therefore harbor the potential to treat sleep disorders. We tested this hypothesis in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We randomized 130 volunteers with self-reported impaired quality of sleep (PSQI&gt;5) in a 1:1 ratio to a 28-day intervention with either a multispecies probiotic (OMNiBiOTiC® STRESS Repair) or a placebo. Participants completed validated questionnaires to estimate quality of sleep, quality of life and perceived stress, and collected stool samples for 16S rRNA sequencing before and after the intervention. Ninety-four participants finished the study and were included in the analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Baseline characteristics were similar between the probiotic group (n = 50; 88.6 % female, 41.2 ± 10.6 years old) and the placebo group (n = 44; 88.0 % female, 40.1 ± 10.7 years old), including the initial PSQI score (10.1 ± 2.7 vs. 10.5 ± 2.6). The probiotic intervention led to an improved sleep efficiency and latency, and thereby improved quality of sleep beyond an observable placebo effect (6.8 ± 2.9 vs. 7.7 ± 3.1; p = 0.036, probiotic and placebo group, respectively). Probiotic bacteria were partially recovered in the microbiome, causing a slight shift in beta diversity in the probiotic group. The intervention did not influence quality of life or perceived stress.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In conclusion, this well-powered RCT shows that the intervention with a multispecies probiotic improved quality of sleep beyond the effect of a placebo intervention, and that the modulation of the microbiome may therefore be of clinical benefit in alleviating sleep disturbances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16868,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychiatric research","volume":"195 ","pages":"Pages 244-256"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146119020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}