N. Massari, Alessandro Tontini, L. Parmesan, M. Perenzoni, Miloš Grujić, I. Verbauwhede, T. Strohm, D. Oshinubi, I. Herrmann, Andreas Brenneis
{"title":"A monolithic SPAD-based random number generator for cryptographic application","authors":"N. Massari, Alessandro Tontini, L. Parmesan, M. Perenzoni, Miloš Grujić, I. Verbauwhede, T. Strohm, D. Oshinubi, I. Herrmann, Andreas Brenneis","doi":"10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911498","url":null,"abstract":"A compact quantum random number generator based on an array of Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SP AD) is presented here. As the main feature, the proposed chip has the capability to generate random numbers without the use of an external source of light. In the present approach, SP AD devices are used as emitters and as detectors. An embedded logic allows distinguishing dark events from events coming from the photon emission. The extracted random bit sequence shows a quite uniform distribution and after being post-processed by means of an integrated circuit, used to maximize the entropy of the system, is able to pass the AIS31 test. The average bit rate is 400 kbps.","PeriodicalId":168466,"journal":{"name":"ESSCIRC 2022- IEEE 48th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130598374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Galvanic-Free Secondary-Side Control Flyback Converter with Digital Adaptive On-Time Control and Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Technique for 15.5% Error Recovery Rate Improvement","authors":"Wei-Cheng Huang, Yuan-Jin Li, Y. Kao, Ke-Horng Chen, Kuo-Lin Zheng, Ying-Hsi Lin, Shian-Ru Lin, Tsung-Yen Tsai","doi":"10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911281","url":null,"abstract":"For today's convenient lightweight AC power adapters, the proposed galvanic-free secondary-side controlled flyback converter can reduce power modules, since the bulky pulse transformer and photo-coupler can be eliminated by using the main transformer to send the feedback control signal. The proposed direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) can have good encryption on the system side and improve the bit error recovery rate from 0% to 15.5%, which can tolerate large noise interference. In addition, digital adaptive on-time control is adopted to improve steady-state efficiency, with light-load and heavy-load efficiencies reaching 92% and 93.8%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":168466,"journal":{"name":"ESSCIRC 2022- IEEE 48th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120937926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Droste, H. Symanzik, Timo Giesselmann, M. Ulm, I. Galdi, Riccardo Campagna
{"title":"Integrated Circuits as Key Enabler for today's Smart MEMS Sensors","authors":"D. Droste, H. Symanzik, Timo Giesselmann, M. Ulm, I. Galdi, Riccardo Campagna","doi":"10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911520","url":null,"abstract":"The requirements and capabilities of smart MEMS sensors are constantly increasing. Consequently, the challenges in development of the ASICs driving this progress increased significantly over the years. Many fields have to come together to enable this: ranging from high-precision analog mixed signal circuitry to support the ultimate goal of an “ideal” sensor transfer function with no deviation by environmental changes up to power-optimized digital logic with customized microcontrollers. Embedded software is classifying signals, correcting errors and data fusion from different domains while new process technologies are introduced, package sizes are reduced, and 3D integration is established. To gain some comprehensive overview of these new challenges on ASIC development, in the first chapter the product portfolio of Bosch Sensortec is briefly introduced, reflecting the transition from sensors delivering calibrated raw data up to smart sensor modules with embedded algorithms, and in the second chapter, a focus on new smart MEMS sensor modules and their market requirements will be given. In the third chapter an insight about continuing optimization of performance for signal conditioning of physical and chemical sensors with respect to high signal to noise ratio, offset stability and linearity while still continuously lowering power consumption will be given. In the fourth chapter, the sequence of the concurrent increase of digital capability from edge-AI supporting structures to reduce overall power consumption of meshed sensors up to new security features for trusted domains of IoT connected devices will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":168466,"journal":{"name":"ESSCIRC 2022- IEEE 48th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132712006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hongzhuo Liu, W. Deng, Haikun Jia, Shiyan Sun, Qixiu Wu, Jiajie Tang, Zhihua Wang, B. Chi
{"title":"A 4.7GHz Synchronized-Multi-Reference PLL with In-Band Phase Noise Lower than Reference Phase $text{Noise +20}text{logN}_{mathrm{d}mathrm{i}mathrm{v}}$","authors":"Hongzhuo Liu, W. Deng, Haikun Jia, Shiyan Sun, Qixiu Wu, Jiajie Tang, Zhihua Wang, B. Chi","doi":"10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911482","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a PLL using synchronized multiple references with in-band phase noise (PN) lower than the conventional theoretical limit of reference phase $text{noise+} 20text{logN}_{mathrm{d}mathrm{i}mathrm{v}}$. The proposed technique provides design flexibility to alleviate the jitter-power trade-off in PLL. Realized in 65-nm CMOS, the prototype achieves in-band PN 1.7-dB lower than the conventional theoretical limit, with four synchronized references. The proposed PLL can be configured in a single reference mode achieving 0.54-ps integrated jitter. In the contrast, the proposed PLL using four synchronized references achieves 0.35-ps integrated jitter.","PeriodicalId":168466,"journal":{"name":"ESSCIRC 2022- IEEE 48th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129469287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A 135 GHz 24 Gb/s Direct-Digital Demodulation 16-QAM Receiver in 28 nm CMOS","authors":"Carl D’heer, P. Reynaert","doi":"10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911340","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a 135 GHz direct-digital demodulation 16-QAM receiver. A direct-conversion RF front-end is combined with an analog PAM-4 decoder to achieve efficient 16-QAM demodulation without needing a high-speed multi-bit ADC. The receiver, implemented in 28nm CMOS, demonstrates a conversion gain of 25 dB and integrated DSB noise figure better than 10dB. A 24Gb/s 16-QAM signal was detected and directly demodulated on-chip with a power consumption of 175mW.","PeriodicalId":168466,"journal":{"name":"ESSCIRC 2022- IEEE 48th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132586600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces Enabled by Silicon Chips for Secure and Robust mmWave and THz Wireless Communication","authors":"K. Sengupta, S. Venkatesh, H. Saeidi, Xuyang Lu","doi":"10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911320","url":null,"abstract":"The initial deployment of 5G millimeter-Wave (mmWave) networks have shown that while they can sustain Gb/s wireless links with spatial multiplexing at low latencies, they are also highly susceptible to blockages, channel disruptions, and fading due to the nature of their directive beams. Robust mmWave coverage requires high densification of base stations that is prohibitively expensive and complex. Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have emerged as a technology to allow smart reconfiguration of the radio propagation environment by creating more favorable transmission characteristics. Constituted as an array of reconfigurable scattering or antenna elements, such passive surface (with near zero DC power consumption) are scalable and widely deployable. Traditionally referred to as reflect/transmit arrays in the microwave community, these arrays, when combined with silicon ICs in their new avatar, can now allow frequency scaling into the mmWave/THz, rapid programmability, scalability, amplification on-demand (for active surfaces), and sensing. Here, we present the case for such surfaces, design challenges, recent state-of-the-art work, and their impact for future wireless networks.","PeriodicalId":168466,"journal":{"name":"ESSCIRC 2022- IEEE 48th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116766223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meizhi Wang, Sirish Oruganti, Shanshan Xie, Raghavan Kumar, S. Mathew, J. Kulkarni
{"title":"Fine-Grained Electromagnetic Side-Channel Analysis Resilient Secure AES Core with Stacked Voltage Domains and Spatio-temporally Randomized Circuit Blocks","authors":"Meizhi Wang, Sirish Oruganti, Shanshan Xie, Raghavan Kumar, S. Mathew, J. Kulkarni","doi":"10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911449","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we demonstrate a novel unique design approach specifically targeting improved resilience against the fine-grained electromagnetic (EM) side-channel analysis (SCA) attacks. Fine-grained EM SCA captures high SNR EM signature with tiny probes (1mm diameter) compared to coarse-grained EM (∼10mm diameter), making it more potent and leading to a higher threat. The EM-SCA critical circuit blocks are voltage-stacked to share a current loop, and a push-pull voltage regulator (VR) balances the mismatch current between the two stacked blocks. Dataflow and current loops are spatially and temporally randomized to obscure the EM side-channel signatures. Measurement results from a 128-bit Parallel Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) core fabricated in 65nm CMOS shows MTD improvement of 1507X for fine-grained EM SCA. Coarse-grained EM and Power SCA MTDs also show an improvement of 122X and 657X respectively, which may be improved further by combining prior reported SCA resilient techniques.","PeriodicalId":168466,"journal":{"name":"ESSCIRC 2022- IEEE 48th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114482462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Ilderem, S. Pellerano, J. Tschanz, T. Karnik, Vivek De
{"title":"Innovations for Intelligent Edge","authors":"V. Ilderem, S. Pellerano, J. Tschanz, T. Karnik, Vivek De","doi":"10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911499","url":null,"abstract":"Massive amounts of data will continue to be generated when everything becomes intelligent and connected, and where data-driven decision making becomes a necessity. Data sources are also becoming increasingly distributed and mobile. These trends have resulted in the rise of the Intelligent Edge, where compute is brought closer to the data source to address scale and latency requirements. The opportunity is to leverage the emerging confluence of compute, communication, and AI at the Edge to wisely partition complex workloads between Edge and Cloud, and to transform the way human and machines interact with the world. Consequently, industry and academia need to innovate faster than ever in key technologies to keep up with this rapidly evolving market. This keynote will cover the required technology innovations and challenges in both 1) monolithic/heterogeneous integration on the technology side, as well as (2) design and architecture on the circuits/systems side, spanning both compute and connectivity domains for a digitized world where everything can be made intelligent and connected.","PeriodicalId":168466,"journal":{"name":"ESSCIRC 2022- IEEE 48th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133490225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Crovetti, R. Rubino, P. Toledo, F. Musolino, H. Klimach, Yong Chen, A. Richelli
{"title":"A 0.01mm2, 0.4V-VDD, 4.5nW-Power DC-Coupled Digital Acquisition Front-End Based on Time-Multiplexed Digital Differential Amplification","authors":"P. Crovetti, R. Rubino, P. Toledo, F. Musolino, H. Klimach, Yong Chen, A. Richelli","doi":"10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911357","url":null,"abstract":"A reconfigurable, high-impedance, DC-coupled low-frequency digital acquisition front-end (DAFE) suitable to operate under a power supply voltage ranging from 0.2 to IV down to 600 pW power is presented in this paper. Matching-indifferent DC accuracy over a rail-to-rail input range is uniquely achieved by the new time-multiplexed digital differential amplification technique at ultra-low area and without chopping and auto-zeroing. A 180 nm testchip of the proposed DAFE occupies 0.00945 mm2 and draws 4.5 nW at a 0.4 V supply, has a 120 Hz gain-bandwidth product, with an in-band input noise of 11.3 µVrms, a 137 µV input offset voltage standard deviation, 65.7dB CMRR, 63.8dB PSRR, and provides a 46.5dB-SFDR, 6.9 bit-ENOB digitized output at -12 dBFS.","PeriodicalId":168466,"journal":{"name":"ESSCIRC 2022- IEEE 48th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)","volume":"236 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122085236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Fully Differential 40 MHz Switched-Capacitor Crystal Oscillator with Fast Start-Up.","authors":"W. Kruiskamp","doi":"10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESSCIRC55480.2022.9911475","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a switched capacitor crystal oscillator as a fully differential alternative to the widely used single ended Pierce oscillator. The presented 40 MHz oscillator consumes $55 mu mathrm{W}$ during steady state operation at a 0.8 Vpp amplitude and a 6 pF load capacitance. Fast start-up, in typically $12 mu mathrm{s}$ and consuming a start-up energy of 8 nJ, is achieved by self-timed energy injection, without requiring an additional start-up oscillator. The oscillator is realized in a 22nm FD-SOI process.","PeriodicalId":168466,"journal":{"name":"ESSCIRC 2022- IEEE 48th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123681199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}