{"title":"4-D parity codes for soft error correction in aerospace applications","authors":"Muhammad Imran, Z. Al-Ars, G. Gaydadjiev","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123111","url":null,"abstract":"In order to reduce the overall system cost, the aerospace industry has been increasingly using commercial off the shelf components in their products. The sensitivity of these products to radiation induced soft errors becomes a major concern. In this paper, we propose a method to increase the reliability of a given off the shelf component by manipulating the software-based error correction algorithm of its already existing 4-D parity codes. The paper shows that using this approach, it is possible to correct triple bit adjacent errors, without adversely affecting the performance or memory usage.","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127814565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of tunable continuous-time quadrature bandpass delta-sigma modulators","authors":"Khaled Sakr, M. Dessouky, A. Zekry","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123110","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a systematic design technique for a tunable continuous-time quadrature bandpass delta-sigma modulator. The tuning range of the modulator covers from 0.05 to 0.45 of the sampling frequency. The design procedure is applied to the design of a second-order modulator. Results show that the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is almost constant and no stability problem occurs over the whole tuning range thanks to a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) compensation scheme.","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126833177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On modeling and optimizing cost in 3D Stacked-ICs","authors":"M. Taouil, S. Hamdioui, E. Marinissen","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123096","url":null,"abstract":"3D-Stacked IC (3D-SIC) technology is one of the emerging technologies with many benefits such as higher performance and heterogeneous integration. During the manufacturing of such ICs, tests can be applied at different moments such as (a) before the stacking process, (b) after the creation of each partial stacked IC, (c) after the creation of the complete stack, and (d) after packaging of the stack. Moreover, each applied test may target interconnects, one or more dies, or even both. This results into a huge number of test flows, each with its own specific test cost. Choosing an efficient and appropriate test flow providing the required outgoing product quality (for a given design and manufacturing parameters) is extremely important in order to make 3D-SIC business profitable. This paper discusses a tool for 3D-SIC test cost modeling; It gives the requirements and classifies them in design, manufacturing, test, packaging and logistics. It further covers user-cases and shows how the tool can be used at an early design stage in order to select the most efficient test flow for given input parameters (related either to manufacturing, test, packaging or logistics); hence, optimize the design and/or include the required DFT to support the selected test flow. The tool can be also used for sensitivity analysis where the impact of parameter changes on the test cost can be analyzed.","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"82 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114093851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Process-variation and temperature aware soc test scheduling using particle swarm optimization","authors":"Nima Aghaee, Zebo Peng, P. Eles","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123092","url":null,"abstract":"High working temperature and process variation are undesirable effects for modern systems-on-chip. It is well recognized that the high temperature should be taken care of during the test process. Since large process variations induce rapid and large temperature deviations, traditional static test schedules are suboptimal in terms of speed and/or thermal-safety. A solution to this problem is to use an adaptive test schedule which addresses the temperature deviations by reacting to them. We propose an adaptive method that consists of a computationally intense offline-phase and a very simple online-phase. In the offline-phase, a near optimal schedule tree is constructed and in the online-phase, based on the temperature sensor readings, an appropriate path in the schedule tree is traversed. In this paper, particle swarm optimization is introduced into the offline-phase and the implications are studied. Experimental results demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130201897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ReverseAge: An online NBTI combating technique using time borrowing","authors":"Seyab Khan, S. Hamdioui","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123098","url":null,"abstract":"As semiconductor manufacturing has entered into the nanoscale era, Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) has become one of the most significant aging mechanisms leading to reliability issues. This paper presents ReverseAge, a technique that detects delay due to NBTI and utilizes design timing margins to ensure reliable circuit operation. First, it presents a scheme to detect the NBTI induced delay. Second, it presents a technique to tolerate the errors; the technique exploits the available design timing margins to compensate for the NBTI induced delay. The evaluation of ReverseAge has been performed by integrating it in an ISCAS-89 benchmark circuit. The simulation results show 3× reliability improvements with respect to state-of-the-art. The improvement comes at the cost of 3.77% area and 1.4% power overheads.","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128622782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adjustable supply voltages and refresh cycle for process variations, temperature changes, and device degradation adaptation in 1T1C embedded DRAM","authors":"L. Tran, F. Kurdahi, A. Eltawil, A. Aljumah","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123115","url":null,"abstract":"In the present investigation, we have devised an innovative approach to dynamically set supply voltages and refresh cycle for 1T1C embedded Dynamic Random Access Memory (eDRAM). The approach helps us to reduced power consumption. The eDRAM is usually designed to sustain the worst operating conditions, and the chip is very rarely operated under these conditions. We, thus exploit the design slack while operating under more favorable conditions to power consumptions. Simulation results indicated that the power consumption can be saved more than 10 times when the chip is normally operated, which is highly significant in the chip operation. This keeps the chip cool and operating temperature will be well under control which helps in averting device degradation and ultimate breakdown.","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134091819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance and functional test of flip-flops using ring oscillator structure","authors":"R. Ribas, A. Reis, A. Ivanov","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123099","url":null,"abstract":"In this work the performance and functional evaluation of D-type flip-flops, considering the presence of asynchronous set and reset signals, is proposed through the use of ring oscillator structure (ROS). Ring oscillators are efficiently applied for combinational gate delay measurements. However, such test strategy cannot be directly applied to sequential cells since the output signal transition is not controlled by a single input signal. Novel ROS stages built using flip-flop are presented. Besides the speed verification, power consumption and aging effect analysis can also be performed over the circuit under test. The proposed test solution is also suitable for a fair comparison of performance between different topologies of flip-flops. This test approach has been validated at the gate level, through functional simulations (VHDL), and at the transistor level, through electrical simulations (SPICE).","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126111365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Yield enhancement flow for analog and full custom designs reliability-rules automatic application","authors":"A. Abdulghany, R. Salem, L. Capodieci, S. Malik","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123105","url":null,"abstract":"As the variations of shrunk processes increase at rapid rate, the performance of fabricated analog and full custom chips remarkably fluctuate. This paper describes an effective automatic flow for reliability rules automatic application onto analog and full-custom ASIC designs, without introducing any new design rules check (DRC) violations in input design. This Yield enhancement flow has shown good improvements on used test designs, and ran in reasonable time. Based on the standardization methodology used, additional foundry Yield-enhancement-related recommendations can be also developed as extension to this flow seamlessly providing easy and quick new technology adoption and short Turnaround Time (TAT).","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130051813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Hamieh, N. Mehdi, Ghazalah Omeirat, A. Chehab, A. Kayssi
{"title":"The effectiveness of delay and IDDT tests in detecting resistive open defects for nanometer CMOS adder circuits","authors":"L. Hamieh, N. Mehdi, Ghazalah Omeirat, A. Chehab, A. Kayssi","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123101","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we evaluate the effectiveness of different testing schemes in detecting resistive-open defects in adder circuits implemented using different CMOS technologies (45 nm, 32 nm, 22 nm and 16 nm). We assess the detection capabilities of four testing techniques taking into consideration the wide process variations associated with the different nanometer technologies. The first three techniques are based on the transient supply current, iDDT, and the fourth technique is based on delay testing. The first iDDT method uses the RMS value of the wavelet transform of the transient power supply or ground currents. The second one uses the normalized RMS value of the wavelet transform. The third one uses the peak value of iDDT. The fourth technique measures the primary input-to-output delay. The experimental results show that the delay test is the most effective among all tests. The iDDT test with normalized RMS value of wavelet transform comes second. The other two tests were less effective than the first two, especially in the case of smaller technologies (22 and 16 nm).","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130079432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bipolar OxRRAM memory array reliability evaluation based on fault injection","authors":"H. Aziza, M. Bocquet, J. Portal, C. Muller","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123106","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a fault injection and simulation approach is used to study effects of resistive and capacitive defects on the faulty behavior of Oxide-based Resistive Memory RAM devices (OxRRAM). During the memory operations, logical and electrical characteristics of each memory cell of an elementary array are evaluated by using a bipolar OxRRAM compact model calibrated on actual devices. Simulation results are analyzed in terms of OxRRAM electrical characteristic variations to evaluate the robustness of the memory array against injected defects, inherent to the routing circuitry.","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"545 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133305380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}