{"title":"Analog performance prediction based on archimedean copulas generation algorithm","authors":"Kamel Beznia, A. Bounceur, R. Euler","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123095","url":null,"abstract":"Testing analog circuits is a complex and very time consuming task. In contrary to digital circuits, testing analog circuits needs different configurations, each of them targets a certain set of output parameters which are the performances and the test measures. One of the solutions to simplify the test task and optimize test time is the reduction of the number of to-be-tested performances by eliminating redundant ones. However, the main problem with such a solution is the identification of redundant performances. Traditional methods based on calculation of the correlation between different performances or on the defect level are shown to be not sufficient. This paper presents a new method based on the Archimedean copula generation algorithm. It predicts the performance value from each output parameter value based on the dependence (copula) between the two values. Therefore, different performances can be represented by a single output parameter; as a result, less test configurations are required. To validate the proposed approach, a CMOS imager with two performances and one test measure is used. The simulation results show that the two performances can be replaced by a single test measure. Industrial results are also reported to prove the superiority of the proposed approach.1","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133229603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Salem, A. Arafa, Sherif Hany, Abdelrahman ElMously, H. Eissa, M. Dessouky, D. Nairn, M. Anis
{"title":"An electrical-aware parametric DFM solution for analog circuits","authors":"R. Salem, A. Arafa, Sherif Hany, Abdelrahman ElMously, H. Eissa, M. Dessouky, D. Nairn, M. Anis","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123104","url":null,"abstract":"Today, many of the approaches that are commonly referred to as physical DFM techniques only address catastrophic defects and systematic process variations. These techniques include spreading wires, doubling vias, identification of critical areas in the circuit that are especially susceptible to defects, and identification of proximity effects caused by the lithography process. However, physical DFM tools are purely “geometric”, in that they work to preserve shape fidelity without any knowledge of the impact on the electrical characteristics of the shapes that are manufactured in silicon. While these techniques have proven useful in reducing functional failures and increasing overall yield by a few percentage points, they completely ignore the more important category of parametric failures. The proposed solution presented in this chapter specifically helps to address the parametric performance modeling problems encountered at smaller geometries. As this solution drives design requirements into physical layout design and moves layout awareness upstream into design, useful information about the design (on the physical and electrical level) is captured, analyzed, and simulated. Deviations in the electrical characteristics due to physical layout and process variations, are identified and highlighted on the design. These deviations are referred as electrical hotspots (e-hotspots). To validate this work, The proposed e-hotspot detection engine is verified against silicon wafer data for a level shifter circuit designed at 130nm. The e-hotspot devices with high variation in DC current and causing parametric failure, are identified.","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133056463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephanie Youssef, F. Javid, D. Dupuis, R. Iskander, M. Louërat
{"title":"A Python-based layout-aware analog design methodology for nanometric technologies","authors":"Stephanie Youssef, F. Javid, D. Dupuis, R. Iskander, M. Louërat","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123103","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a methodology for procedural layout-aware design for nanometric technologies. A Python-based layout generation tool generates different layout styles for the same basic analog building blocks. Moreover, layout dependent parasitic parameters such as stress effects are easily computed and compared for different layout styles. The procedural layout description is written using a Python API that ensures layout portability over different technologies. A main focus is on how the layout generation tool addresses both geometric and parasitic-aware electrical synthesis. This is made possible through an internal loop that links circularly both the sizing phase and the layout generation phase. The proposed design methodology assists the analog designer in exploring electrical and physical trade-offs. At the end, we present synthesis and characterization results that prove the effectiveness and speed of the proposed methodology.","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122020394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fault detection and diagnoses methodology for adaptive digitally-calibrated pipelined ADCs","authors":"M. Abbas","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123097","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a cost-effective methodology for fault detection and diagnosis in the adaptive digitally-calibrated pipelined ADCs. In the proposed method, the analog portions of the design are tested utilizing the digital output codes. The test stimulus is generated on-chip. In contrast with the conventional method where the test is usually done at the end of the calibration process, the proposed method utilizes the uncalibrated output codes of the DUT to generate the code error signature (Cεs), which is the difference between the expected (ideal) and the uncalibrated output codes. Interpreting (Cεs), the process of fault isolation and fault value assessment can be done. To demonstrate the methodology, a ten-stage digitally-calibrated pipelined ADC is modeled and simulated using MATLAB. Faults having different type and values are intentionally injected in different places of the design. The simulation results show that Cεs of each fault has pattern dependence on the faulty portion, fault type and fault value. Therefore, the faulty (or even the weak) portion(s) of the DUT can be identified, which is useful for enhancing the reliability of the subsequent design generation.","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"928 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120942103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Carlo, Giulio Gambardella, Marco Indaco, Daniele Rolfo, P. Prinetto
{"title":"Validation & Verification of an EDA automated synthesis tool","authors":"S. Carlo, Giulio Gambardella, Marco Indaco, Daniele Rolfo, P. Prinetto","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123100","url":null,"abstract":"Reliability and correctness are two mandatory features for automated synthesis tools. To reach the goals several campaigns of Validation and Verification (V&V) are needed. The paper presents the extensive efforts set up to prove the correctness of a newly developed EDA automated synthesis tool. The target tool, MarciaTesta, is a multi-platform automatic generator of test programs for microprocessors' caches. Getting in input the selected March Test and some architectural details about the target cache memory, the tool automatically generates the assembly level program to be run as Software Based Self-Testing (SBST). The equivalence between the original March Test, the automatically generated Assembly program, and the intermediate C/C++ program have been proved resorting to sophisticated logging mechanisms. A set of proved libraries has been generated and extensively used during the tool development. A detailed analysis of the lessons learned is reported.","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126648801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Body contact based TSV equalizer","authors":"K. Mohamed, A. El-Rouby, Y. Ismail, H. Ragai","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123113","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows that the TSV capacitance is highly dependent on the placement and count of adjacent ground body contacts and has a value of tens of femto farads in a typical current technology. Simulations show that the total TSV capacitance increases with the increase in the body contacts count or the closer the body contacts are to the TSV. This increase is due to the fact that the more body contacts, the closer the effective virtual ground plate of the TSV capacitance. Body contacts reduce the crosstalk and distortion caused by the TSV interconnects in a 3D IC system. Moreover, it alleviates noise coupling.","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122955250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digital circuits verification with consideration of destabilizing factors","authors":"R. Goldman, Vazgen Melikyan, E. Babayan","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123109","url":null,"abstract":"New principles of verification system construction, with consideration of the impact of various internal and external destabilizing factors are presented. It is shown that the proposed principles allow keeping the main advantages of the traditional digital circuit logic simulation, while eliminating key limitations. Verification system is based on new cell and digital circuit models which consider destabilizing factor impact on circuit operation.","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121346859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On modeling and optimizing cost in 3D Stacked-ICs","authors":"M. Taouil, S. Hamdioui, E. Marinissen","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123096","url":null,"abstract":"3D-Stacked IC (3D-SIC) technology is one of the emerging technologies with many benefits such as higher performance and heterogeneous integration. During the manufacturing of such ICs, tests can be applied at different moments such as (a) before the stacking process, (b) after the creation of each partial stacked IC, (c) after the creation of the complete stack, and (d) after packaging of the stack. Moreover, each applied test may target interconnects, one or more dies, or even both. This results into a huge number of test flows, each with its own specific test cost. Choosing an efficient and appropriate test flow providing the required outgoing product quality (for a given design and manufacturing parameters) is extremely important in order to make 3D-SIC business profitable. This paper discusses a tool for 3D-SIC test cost modeling; It gives the requirements and classifies them in design, manufacturing, test, packaging and logistics. It further covers user-cases and shows how the tool can be used at an early design stage in order to select the most efficient test flow for given input parameters (related either to manufacturing, test, packaging or logistics); hence, optimize the design and/or include the required DFT to support the selected test flow. The tool can be also used for sensitivity analysis where the impact of parameter changes on the test cost can be analyzed.","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"82 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114093851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Process-variation and temperature aware soc test scheduling using particle swarm optimization","authors":"Nima Aghaee, Zebo Peng, P. Eles","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123092","url":null,"abstract":"High working temperature and process variation are undesirable effects for modern systems-on-chip. It is well recognized that the high temperature should be taken care of during the test process. Since large process variations induce rapid and large temperature deviations, traditional static test schedules are suboptimal in terms of speed and/or thermal-safety. A solution to this problem is to use an adaptive test schedule which addresses the temperature deviations by reacting to them. We propose an adaptive method that consists of a computationally intense offline-phase and a very simple online-phase. In the offline-phase, a near optimal schedule tree is constructed and in the online-phase, based on the temperature sensor readings, an appropriate path in the schedule tree is traversed. In this paper, particle swarm optimization is introduced into the offline-phase and the implications are studied. Experimental results demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130201897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ReverseAge: An online NBTI combating technique using time borrowing","authors":"Seyab Khan, S. Hamdioui","doi":"10.1109/IDT.2011.6123098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IDT.2011.6123098","url":null,"abstract":"As semiconductor manufacturing has entered into the nanoscale era, Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) has become one of the most significant aging mechanisms leading to reliability issues. This paper presents ReverseAge, a technique that detects delay due to NBTI and utilizes design timing margins to ensure reliable circuit operation. First, it presents a scheme to detect the NBTI induced delay. Second, it presents a technique to tolerate the errors; the technique exploits the available design timing margins to compensate for the NBTI induced delay. The evaluation of ReverseAge has been performed by integrating it in an ISCAS-89 benchmark circuit. The simulation results show 3× reliability improvements with respect to state-of-the-art. The improvement comes at the cost of 3.77% area and 1.4% power overheads.","PeriodicalId":167786,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE 6th International Design and Test Workshop (IDT)","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128622782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}