Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"SPI1 Promotes TNF-α-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-Like Changes in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.","authors":"Xingyi Zhang, Hua Liu","doi":"10.1155/joph/8106992","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/8106992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive degenerative disease of the retinal macula associated with aging, which is one of the main causes of vision loss in the elderly. This research aims to investigate the mechanism of SPI1 in EMT of RPE cells in AMD, providing new targets for AMD treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>SPI1, ALKBH5, and NURR1 expression was assayed by RT-qPCR and Western blot in AMD patients and cell models. The relationship between SPI1 expression and clinical features of AMD patients was analyzed, and the correlations among SPI1, ALKBH5, and NURR1 were analyzed. The diagnostic value of SPI1 in AMD was verified via ROC curve. ROS levels were detected. N-cadherin and E-cadherin were detected by Western blot. Cell migration was detected by transwell assay. The binding of SPI1 to ALKBH5 in cells was verified. m6A levels on NURR1 were detected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SPI1 and ALKBH5 were highly expressed, while NURR1 was lowly expressed in TNF-α-induced human RPE cells. SPI1 expression was correlated with age and staging of AMD patients. SPI1 expression exhibited a positive association with ALKBH5 expression, while showing a negative association with NURR1 expression. After downregulation of SPI1, N-cadherin was downregulated, E-cadherin was upregulated, ROS levels were decreased, and cell migration was reduced. SPI1 promoted ALKBH5 expression, and ALKBH5 downregulated NURR1 expression via m6A modification. ALKBH5 overexpression or NURR1 downregulation partially reversed the attenuating effect of SPI1 downregulation on EMT-like changes in RPE cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SPI1 stimulates EMT-like changes of RPE cells via the ALKBH5/NURR1 axis. This pathway may participate in AMD-related pathological processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8106992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13420347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148630734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Intact <i>Ex Vivo</i> Pigskin Model for Evaluating Topical Treatments for Blepharitis-Associated Biofilms.","authors":"Aaron Strickland, James Gras, Ellen Lantz, Richard Eiferman, Anthony Sawyer, George Rodeheaver","doi":"10.1155/joph/5599593","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/5599593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Blepharitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the eyelid margin that impacts millions of adults and children. Its etiology is unclear, and its treatment remains unsatisfactory.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop an intact <i>ex vivo</i> pigskin model to evaluate the etiology of and to determine effective treatments for blepharitis.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Mature bacterial biofilms of <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> were generated on intact pigskin explants. These biofilms were treated topically for 24 h before quantifying the residual biofilm bacteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The amount of total bacteria after treatment with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was 7.29 log. Using common clinical treatments, the amount of bacteria was 5.05 log for 10 % povidone iodine (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and 4.96 log for 0.01% HOCl (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The amount of bacteria for gentamicin treatment was 6.38 log, which was not significant from phosphate buffered saline (PBS) treatment (<i>p</i> = NS). Using a prototype formulation, the level of bacteria was reduced to a non detectable level which was significantly lower than all other treatments (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>A model for studying bacterial biofilms on intact <i>ex vivo</i> pigskin explants was developed. Using this model, it was shown that a prototype formulation containing naturally derived antimicrobials and a biofilm disrupter was superior to several commonly used clinical treatments in eliminating biofilm bacteria. We believe this effective, antibiofilm formulation can be used safely in the eye for clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5599593"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13417723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148620505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysregulation of the Glycolytic Entry Gate and Survival Route by Advanced Lipoxidation End Products in Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Anwesa Mondal, Subhasish Pramanik, Chiranjit Bose, Asif Mondal, Lakshmi Kanta Mondal","doi":"10.1155/joph/8316457","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/8316457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a major microvascular complication of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is linked to oxidative and lipoxidative stress-induced metabolic dysfunction. Advanced lipoxidation end products (ALEs) cause metabolic abnormalities, and hexanoyl-lysine (HLY) is a well-known ALE. ALEs may interfere with glycolytic enzymes and disrupt cellular redox balance. Hexokinase (HK), the entry enzyme of glycolysis, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), crucial for metabolic survival under hypoxia, may be particularly susceptible to ALE-induced alterations. Nonetheless, the association between circulating ALEs and these glycolytic checkpoints, as well as redox status across DR stages, remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 236 consecutively selected subjects were enrolled, including healthy controls (HC, <i>n</i> = 57), T2DM without DR (DNR, <i>n</i> = 59), mild nonproliferative DR (MNPDR, <i>n</i> = 55), and high-risk proliferative DR (HRPDR, <i>n</i> = 65). Plasma HLY was measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Erythrocyte HK activity, plasma LDH activity, and the ratio of the oxidized to reduced forms of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺/NADH) were determined using standard biochemical methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HLY levels increased progressively from HC to HRPDR. The HK activity and the NAD⁺/NADH ratio decreased, while LDH increased across groups. In univariate regression analysis, HLY showed a negative association with HK and the NAD⁺/NADH ratio and a positive association with LDH. However, in multivariate regression analysis adjusted for confounders, HLY remained independently associated only with HK, while its associations with LDH and the NAD⁺/NADH ratio were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An increase in ALE burden is associated with dysregulation of the glycolytic entry enzyme (HK) and concurrent alterations in LDH activity, which may reflect metabolic adaptation under stress conditions, along with changes in redox status across the stages of DR. The independent association between HLY and HK suggests a link between lipoxidative stress and impaired glycolytic initiation, which may represent a metabolic alteration associated with the progression of DR.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8316457"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13417018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148620536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Pilocarpine 1% Eye Drops in Presbyopia: A Triple-Blinded Randomized Trial.","authors":"Mohsen Gohari, Mohammad Hosein Abootorabi, Fateme Heidari","doi":"10.1155/joph/8334950","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/8334950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Presbyopia is an age-related condition that affects near vision and daily activities. Although several correction methods are available, each has certain limitations, leading to interest in pharmacologic alternatives such as pilocarpine eye drops. This study evaluates the safety and clinical effectiveness of 1% pilocarpine eye drops, as data on its use remain limited.</p><p><strong>Material and method: </strong>A triple-blinded clinical trial was conducted in 2024 in Yazd, Iran, enrolling 60 presbyopic patients aged 40-60 years. The study was approved by the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials. Participants received either 1% pilocarpine eye drops or a placebo daily for 30 days. Their visual acuity-both near and distance-was assessed under mesopic conditions at six intervals. Throughout the trial, any side effects and treatment satisfaction were monitored. Statistical analysis was performed, considering results significant if <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, the treatment group demonstrated a significant improvement in uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA) at all follow-ups compared to the placebo group, peaking 1 hour after treatment (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001). Although a significant change in uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) from baseline was observed within the treatment group, no significant between-group difference in UDVA was found at the 30-day follow-up. Overall, patient satisfaction was significantly higher in those receiving pilocarpine (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study supports previous research by showing improvements in UNVA, a quick onset of effects, and an acceptable safety profile. However, there was a slight worsening in UDVA; this may be due to higher initial measurements or temporary effects. Unlike many past trials, this study utilizes a rigorous triple-blinded design and measures effects at six different times, giving a thorough look at both the onset and duration of effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A 1% pilocarpine treatment has been found to significantly improve near vision in presbyopic patients, with minimal side effects and high patient satisfaction. <b>Trial Registration:</b> Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT): IRCT20240325061363N1.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8334950"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13403760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148604092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Macular Thickness, Choroidal Thickness, and Choroidal Vascularity Index in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Alper Güneş, Selim Gülücü","doi":"10.1155/joph/1313399","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/1313399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate macular thickness, choroidal thickness, and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and to assess the possible relationship between these parameters and sex hormone levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 41 women with PCOS and 46 age-matched healthy controls. All participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) with enhanced depth imaging (EDI) mode. The right eye of each participant was included in the analysis. Choroidal thickness was measured at five predefined locations. CVI and CVI1500 were calculated from binarized EDI-OCT images using ImageJ software. Hormonal, metabolic, and lipid parameters were recorded. Statistical analyses included independent samples <i>t</i>-tests and multivariable linear regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Subfoveal and 1000 µm nasal choroidal thicknesses were significantly greater in the PCOS group (<i>p</i> = 0.048 and 0.035, respectively). CVI and CVI1500 values were significantly higher in PCOS patients (<i>p</i> = 0.027 and < 0.001, respectively), with CVI1500 demonstrating the largest effect size (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 1.00). LA1500 was significantly higher in the PCOS group (0.108 ± 0.016 vs. 0.101 ± 0.013, <i>p</i> = 0.022), whereas SA1500 and macular thickness did not differ significantly between groups. No significant difference was observed in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. In the systemic profile, BMI, fasting glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, TSH, and T4 were comparable between groups. PCOS patients had significantly higher LH, LH/FSH ratio, total testosterone, DHEA-SO4, insulin, HOMA-IR levels, and lower HDL cholesterol levels. FSH was borderline lower in the PCOS group but did not reach statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PCOS is associated with increased choroidal vascularity and selected choroidal thickness parameters. CVI may represent a potential imaging marker of subclinical choroidal vascular alterations in PCOS.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1313399"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13403468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148604032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Chalazion History on Meibomian Gland Loss and DED.","authors":"Ying Liu, Ying Zhou, Chong Xu, Tu Su","doi":"10.1155/joph/9418834","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/9418834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the impact of chalazion history on meibomian gland loss and dry eye disease (DED).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a retrospective case-control study. Sixty patients with a history of chalazion admitted to a certain hospital from June 2021 to June 2024, who were selected as the previous chalazion group, and another 90 patients with no previous history of chalazion who visited the outpatient clinic consecutively during the same period were selected as the nonchalazion group. Comprehensive ocular surface parameters were compared between groups to evaluate long-term meibomian gland loss and DED. The chalazion group was further divided into MG loss (<i>n</i> = 42) and non-MG loss (<i>n</i> = 18) subgroups based on glandular loss status. Logistic regression analyzed factors influencing meibomian gland loss. The MG loss subgroup was stratified by severity into mild-moderate (< 1/3 or 1/3-2/3 loss) and severe (> 2/3 loss) groups for comparison of parameters of DED (Schirmer's test, tear break-up time [BUT], and fluorescein staining [FL]). Pearson's correlation assessed the relationship between meibomian gland loss severity and DED manifestations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were observed between the chalazion and nonchalazion groups in tear meniscus height, BUT, conjunctival redness index, and lipid layer thickness (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The MG loss subgroup indicated statistically significant differences from the non-MG loss subgroup in chalazion recurrence frequency, surgical history, tear meniscus height, BUT, conjunctival redness index, and lipid layer thickness (<i>p</i> < 0.05). All differential indicators demonstrated no collinearity (VIF ≤ 10, tolerance ≥ 0.1). Logistic regression identified chalazion recurrence frequency and surgical history as independent risk factors for meibomian gland loss. Pearson's analysis revealed negative correlations between meibomian gland loss severity and both Schirmer's test results (<i>r</i>1 = -0.761) and BUT (<i>r</i>2 = -0.543), and a positive correlation with FL scores (<i>r</i>3 = 0.752) (all <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Retrospective analysis revealed that a proportion of patients with meibomian gland loss had prior chalazion history, demonstrating distinct ocular surface characteristics compared to nonchalazion patients. Recurrent chalazion episodes and surgical history were identified as significant contributors to meibomian gland loss, with glandular loss severity showing strong correlations with DED clinical parameters. These findings highlight the substantial impact of recurrent chalazion and surgical interventions on meibomian gland dysfunction and DED development, emphasizing the need for early clinical recognition and proactive management.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9418834"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13401330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148591759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Meibomian Lipidomic Changes After Combined Intense Pulsed Light and Triamcinolone Acetonide Therapy for Chalazion: A Retrospective Single-Arm Pre-Post Case Series.","authors":"Zhenhe Dong, Linxiao Wu, Cheng Zhang, Ran Feng, Huilan Zhang, Yongmei Sang, Yong Tao, Yan Zhang, Tao Zhang","doi":"10.1155/joph/2855851","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/2855851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore the clinical changes associated with intense pulsed light (IPL) combined with triamcinolone acetonide (TA) injections in patients with chalazion and to evaluate associated changes in Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores and meibomian gland lipid profiles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was designed as a retrospective single-arm pre-post case series involving 15 adult patients with chalazion who had not received alternative treatments for at least three months. No control group was included. The primary outcome was complete resolution of chalazion at the final follow-up (T2). Secondary outcomes included changes in ocular surface parameters (OSDI, TBUT, CFS, and SIT), psychological status assessed using the HADS, and alterations in meibomian gland lipid composition evaluated by lipidomic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients met the predefined criteria for complete chalazion resolution at the final follow-up (T2). Significant improvements were observed, with OSDI scores decreasing from 26.27 ± 5.11 to 16.6 ± 10.42, TBUT increasing from 3.23 ± 1.05 to 7.53 ± 2.75 s, and CFS reducing from 1 ± 1.13 to 0.27 ± 0.7. Depression (HADS-D) and anxiety (HADS-A) scores also decreased significantly. The SIT increased from 9.87 ± 5.05 to 11.27 ± 7.32, though not statistically significant. Lipidomics analysis identified 719 lipids, with significant reductions in sphingolipids (Cer and SM) and glycerophospholipids (LPC, LPE, PC, and PE) posttreatment (<i>p</i> < 0.05). A negative correlation was found between DG and TBUT, and a positive correlation between MGDG O and CFS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this retrospective single-arm pre-post case series, IPL combined with TA treatment was associated with the resolution of chalazion and improvements in several clinical and lipidomic parameters. However, these findings should be considered exploratory and interpreted with caution, as spontaneous chalazion resolution and concurrent warm compress therapy may have contributed to the observed changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2855851"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular Misalignment and Motility Limitation in Orbital Tumors.","authors":"Min Seok Kang, Namju Kim, Hee Kyung Yang, Jeong-Min Hwang","doi":"10.1155/joph/4774755","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/4774755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To predict prognosis and aid in the treatment of residual strabismus/ocular misalignment by analyzing the pattern of ocular motility disturbances caused by orbital tumors, and investigating factors associated with the severity of misalignment or motility limitation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The medical records of 63 patients diagnosed with orbital tumors were retrospectively reviewed. The location, type, and size of the tumor were noted. The limitation of extraocular muscle (EOM) movement was quantitatively scored for upgaze, downgaze, abduction, and adduction by the severity of limitation on a grading scale of 0 to -4. The maximum range of abduction, adduction, supraduction, and infraduction was measured by image analysis based on 9 gaze photographs using the 3D Strabismus Photo Analyzer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty patients (29%) experienced ocular motility limitations in the affected eye. Twelve patients had orbital tumors situated in the extraconal space (60%), while the other 8 patients (40%) had lesions in the intraconal space. The mean size of extraconal tumors was significantly larger than intraconal tumors (<i>p</i> = 0.010), and there were no significant differences in tumor size between every four groups. In 75% of patients with extraconal tumors, ocular motility was limited toward the action of the adjacent EOM. Conversely, in cases with intraconal tumors, ocular motility was limited toward the opposite direction of the nearest EOM action in 75% cases. Compared with the normal fellow eye, significant limitations of ocular motility were observed in adduction (<i>p</i> = 0.043) and supraduction (<i>p</i> = 0.002). The size of intraconal tumors was the only significant factor related to ocular motility limitation (<i>p</i> = 0.010).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ocular motility limitations were more common with large extraconal tumors, mostly in the direction of the adjacent EOM. In contrast, ocular motility was limited toward the opposite direction of the nearest EOM with intraconal tumors. Tumor size in the intraconal space was the only significant factor associated with ocular motility impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4774755"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medicare Payment to Service Volume Elasticities for Glaucoma Procedures From 2013 to 2021.","authors":"Rita Vought, Victoria Vought, Albert S Khouri","doi":"10.1155/joph/1780052","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/1780052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness, and Medicare payments influence access to and utilization of glaucoma procedures. This study examines the relationship between Medicare payments and service volumes for glaucoma procedures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective longitudinal study used Medicare Part B National Summary Data Files from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Data for glaucoma procedures from 2013 to 2021 with at least five years of available data were analyzed. The dataset included service volumes, average payments, total practicing ophthalmologists, and Medicare Part B beneficiary trends across the United States. The relationship between Medicare payments and service volumes was quantified using payment-volume elasticities, calculated as the percentage change in procedural volume per 1% change in Medicare reimbursement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty procedures were evaluated. Minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries (MIGS) exhibited the greatest sensitivity, with a payment-volume elasticity of 4.67% (<i>p</i> < 0.001): for every 1% increase in payment, MIGS volume increased by 4.67%. Traditional Glaucoma Surgeries (TGS) had a payment-volume elasticity of 1.96% (<i>p</i> = 0.002), with a 1% decrease in payment resulting in a 1.96% decrease in TGS volume. Specific procedures like goniotomy (CPT: 65820) and aqueous drainage device (CPT: 66183) also showed significant elasticities of 4.27% and 4.13%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A significant relationship between Medicare payment adjustments and the utilization of glaucoma procedures was observed, with potential implications for access and care delivery. MIGS demonstrated the highest sensitivity to payment changes, suggesting that reimbursement policies could influence the adoption and availability of these surgeries beyond clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1780052"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13382345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148604106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction With a New Trifocal, Toric Intraocular Lens.","authors":"Zachary Zavodni","doi":"10.1155/joph/9983329","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/9983329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Describe visual outcomes, rotational stability, and patient experience with a new, trifocal, toric intraocular lens (IOL), CNWTTx (Alcon, Fort Worth, TX.).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Prospective, cohort study in a private practice in Salt Lake City, UT. Patients 45 years and older with visually significant cataracts, bilateral regular corneal astigmatism requiring a T3-T6 IOL power lens, no other significant eye disease undergoing sequential cataract surgery with Clareon PanOptix Toric IOL (CNWTTx) followed for 3 months postoperatively. Primary endpoints: monocular corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), distance-corrected intermediate visual acuity (DCIVA), and distance-corrected near visual acuity (DCNVA). Secondary endpoints: rotational position of the IOL and a patient satisfaction survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five patients were recruited into the study and 22 received bilateral Clareon PanOptix Toric IOLs. At 3-month postoperative visit, visions were monocular mean CDVA of LogMAR (LM) 0.004, mean DCIVA of LM 0.110, and mean DCNVA of LM 0.056. 89% of patients had 0.5 diopters or less of residual astigmatism. Mean lens rotation was 1.67° at 1 month, and no lenses had rotated more than 5°. The majority of patients \"never\" used glasses at near (88%), at arm's length (100%) and at a distance (92%). In spite of 25% of patients noting photopic phenomena either \"most of the time\" or \"always,\" a majority (88%) of patients were either \"satisfied\" or \"very satisfied\" with their vision, and 92% would have the same lens implanted again.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CNWTTx lens results in excellent visual acuities at distance, intermediate, and near, leading to high rates of spectacle independence. The lens is rotationally stable, and patients are subjectively satisfied with their visual outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9983329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13380132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148497657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}