Journal of Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Association of Maternal Whole Blood Selenium with Cardiac Structure at 4 y of Age: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study","authors":"Xiaowen Wang ,&nbsp;Caifang Xu ,&nbsp;Hualin Wang ,&nbsp;Bowen Du ,&nbsp;Qianchuo Wang ,&nbsp;Zhuoyan Li ,&nbsp;Zhikang Xu ,&nbsp;Zhi Wang ,&nbsp;Bo Wang ,&nbsp;Fengxiu Ouyang ,&nbsp;Jian Wang ,&nbsp;Kun Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Currently, little is known about the relationship between maternal blood selenium levels and offspring cardiac structure.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the association of maternal whole blood selenium levels during early pregnancy with children’s cardiac structure at 4 y of age.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using data from the Shanghai Birth Cohort, this study analyzed the data from 956 mother–child pairs. Multiple linear or logistic regressions and restricted cubic splines were used to explore the association of maternal whole blood selenium levels with offspring cardiac structure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Low maternal selenium levels were associated with increased left ventricular posterior wall thickness at systole [<em>β</em> = 0.29, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.06, 0.53], left ventricular posterior wall thickness at diastole (LVPWd) (<em>β</em> = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.31), and relative wall thickness (RWT) (<em>β</em> = 0.011, 95% CI: 0.003, 0.019) in male offspring. Moreover, maternal selenium showed a U-shape curve with left ventricular mass index (<em>P</em> for nonlinearity = 0.002), LVPWd (<em>P</em> for nonlinearity = 0.035), interventricular septal thickness at systole (<em>P</em> for nonlinearity = 0.006), and RWT (<em>P</em> for nonlinearity = 0.013) in male offspring. However, no significant association of structural changes was found in female offspring. Compared with offspring with medium maternal selenium levels, the increased risk of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (odds ratio = 4.14; 95% CI: 1.81, 9.45) was only found in male offspring with lower maternal selenium levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Low maternal selenium levels were associated with cardiac structural changes and higher LVH risk in preschool male offspring, whereas no correlation was found in female offspring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2244-2252"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bile Acids Modulate Hepatic Glycolipid Metabolism via the Microbiota–Gut–Liver Axis in Lambs","authors":"Hailong Zhao,&nbsp;Daiwei Zhu,&nbsp;Yuyang Gao,&nbsp;Bing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Bile acids are essential molecules that facilitate lipid emulsification and function as signaling molecules mediating host–microbiota interactions. They shape the gut microbial structure and function, playing a critical role in metabolic regulation via the gut–liver axis.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous bile acids, primarily hyocholic acid (HCA), on the microbiota–gut–liver metabolism in male Tan-lambs fed a high-grain diet.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty six–mo-old male Tan lambs (<em>Ovis aries</em>) were randomly allocated into either a control group or an HCA-supplemented group (<em>n</em> = 15 per group). The trial lasted 84 d, including a 14-d adaptation period. On day 70, 6 lambs from each group were randomly selected for slaughtering. Rumen and ileal contents were collected for microbial profiling via 16S rRNA sequencing, and liver tissue samples were harvested for transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The HCA intervention significant altered the composition and structure of ruminal and ileal bacteria. Notable increases were observed in <em>Turicibacter</em> species [linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score = 2.48; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05] and Muribaculaceae (LDA score = 3.75; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in the rumen, and <em>Eubacterium fissicatena</em> group (LDA score = 2.50; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in the ileum. Key hepatic genes and metabolites targeted by HCA were identified, including <em>ENPP3</em>, <em>RFK</em>, <em>Ifi203</em>, <em>LIPG</em>, <em>CYP1A1</em>, and <em>CYP4A11</em>, nordeoxycholic acid (log-fold change = 6.30; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.005), α-muricholic acid (log-fold change = 5.60; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and β-muricholic acid (log-fold change = 5.60; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Exogenous bile acids regulate the microbiota–gut–liver axis, influencing hepatic glycolipid metabolism in sheep. Specifically, nordeoxycholic acid demonstrates potential as a dietary intervention to promote metabolic homeostasis in ruminants. These findings highlight the potential of HCA and nordeoxycholic acid as functional feed additives or prebiotic agents for improving metabolic health in ruminants and potentially other species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2172-2184"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does It Really Reduce Obesity? Substitution Effects of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax—Empirical Evidence From China","authors":"Zeqi Liu ,&nbsp;Shanshan Li ,&nbsp;Yizheng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In China, the increasing prevalence of obesity has become a significant public health challenge, prompting the government to explore various intervention measures, including tax policies. Although the Healthy China 2030 plan emphasizes the importance of promoting health, a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) has not yet been implemented in China, and there is a significant lack of localized empirical research on its actual effects in the country. This study aimed to fill this gap by exploring the potential impact of an SSB tax within China’s specific socioeconomic and cultural context on the obesity issue.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to examine the impact of the tax-induced increase in the price of sugary drinks on the consumption of various types of sugary foods in households, based on data on household consumption of sugary foods in 31 provinces from 2000 to 2015 and to calculate the change in the number of calories in households due to the increase in the price of SSBs to assess the net impact of the SSB taxes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study used the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System model, using price elasticity and substitution effects analysis, to evaluate the impact of an SSB tax on overall calorie intake and obesity rates among Chinese households.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The impact of the SSB tax was evaluated, revealing that the price increase led to a nationwide reduction in SSB consumption, with the most significant decrease observed in low-income households. After a 20% price hike, SSB consumption in low-income families decreased by 29.42%. However, owing to the substitution effect, this price increase also led households to shift toward consuming other high-sugar foods, ultimately resulting in a 2.57% increase in total caloric intake.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although the SSB tax could reduce the consumption of sugary drinks among low-income families, the increase in consumption of high-sugar substitutes will lead to an increase in overall caloric intake, which may undermine the effectiveness of SSB taxes. This suggests that merely imposing an SSB tax may not be effective in reducing obesity rates in China. The research highlights the need for a more comprehensive strategy, such as expanding the tax scope to include more high-calorie foods, to more effectively reduce the prevalence of obesity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2057-2068"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Fate of Dietary Tryptophan in Fish: Unveiling Its Sources, Transport, Metabolism, and Multifaceted Impacts","authors":"Pandi Kalaiselvan ,&nbsp;Amit Ranjan ,&nbsp;Albin Jemila Thangarani ,&nbsp;Nathan Felix ,&nbsp;D Kamil Akamad","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rising need for sustainable protein sources has made aquaculture vital for securing food supply. A balanced protein-rich diet is essential to support the optimal growth, health, and productivity of farmed aquatic species. Tryptophan, an essential amino acid, plays a crucial role in protein synthesis and serves as a precursor for neurotransmitters such as serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) and melatonin, which regulate reproduction, appetite, stress, and aggression in fish. The shift toward sustainable feed solutions emphasizes the need for tryptophan supplementation to address the deficiencies in alternative protein sources. Tryptophan supplementation promotes growth by enhancing protein synthesis, muscle development, and nutrient absorption while mitigating stress and inflammation through serotonin and melatonin synthesis. Its antioxidant properties help regulate oxidative stress, protect against environmental damage, and improve fish resilience. Tryptophan also modulates immune functions and reproductive processes, highlighting its multifaceted significance in aquaculture. Tryptophan interacts synergistically with other nutrients to enhance growth and immune responses. However, imbalanced tryptophan levels can impair growth, immune function, and productivity, thus requiring precise dietary formulations. The optimal tryptophan requirement varies among species and target functions. This review aims to highlight the pivotal role of tryptophan in fish health, growth, stress regulation, immune responses, oxidative damage, reproduction, cannibalism and its interaction with other nutrients, demonstrating its potential to further enhance immune function and support metabolic regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2017-2042"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Placental Metabolism Is Linked to Prenatal Vitamin Supplement Use in the First Month of Pregnancy in the MARBLES Cohort","authors":"Mariana Parenti ,&nbsp;Rebecca J Schmidt ,&nbsp;Daniel J Tancredi ,&nbsp;Meghan Miller ,&nbsp;Irva Hertz-Picciotto ,&nbsp;Cheryl K Walker ,&nbsp;Carolyn M Slupsky","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The first month of pregnancy is a key time in early developmental programming. Prenatal vitamin/mineral supplement use during the first month of pregnancy (PNVmo1) was associated with reduced risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the Markers of Autism Risk in Babies, Learning Early Signs (MARBLES) cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We aimed to evaluate the associations between PNVmo1, the placental and umbilical cord serum metabolomes, and the child’s later neurodevelopmental outcome in the MARBLES pregnancy cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Placental (<em>n</em> = 78) and umbilical cord serum (<em>n</em> = 132) metabolomes were investigated using ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. PNVmo1 was determined by self-report. At 36 mo of age, child neurodevelopmental outcomes were classified by MARBLES clinicians into 3 groups: typically developing (TD), ASD, or nontypically developing (Non-TD) but not ASD, which was dominated by developmental delays and/or elevated autism symptoms but not meeting ASD criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After adjustment for covariates, permutational multivariate analysis of variance revealed that PNVmo1 was significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) associated with the placental and umbilical cord serum metabolomes. In the placenta, higher concentrations of amino acids were observed in the PNVmo1 group (false discovery rate &lt;0.1). After adjustment for PNVmo1 and other covariates, permutational multivariate analysis of variance revealed a significant association (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) between the placental metabolome and Non-TD outcome status. No associations were observed in the analyses of umbilical cord serum metabolism or with ASD outcome. We tested for but did not find evidence that the placental metabolome explained the relationship between PNVmo1 and Non-TD outcome in an exploratory mediation analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that the placental metabolome could be sensitive to nutrient supplementation during the earliest stages of pregnancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2185-2194"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Adults in Rural South Asia Eat and When They Eat It: Evidence From Bangladesh, India, and Nepal","authors":"Samuel Scott ,&nbsp;Sharvari Patwardhan ,&nbsp;Marie Ruel ,&nbsp;Suman Chakrabarti ,&nbsp;Sumanta Neupane ,&nbsp;Swetha Manohar ,&nbsp;Mourad Moursi ,&nbsp;Purnima Menon","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Poor diets are associated with all forms of malnutrition and diet-related noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Data on dietary patterns are scarce in South Asia.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We sought to describe overall diet quality and intake of foods and food groups at different eating occasions among adults in rural South Asia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We collected cross-sectional data from 5 districts across Bangladesh (<em>n</em> = 2802 individuals), India (<em>n</em> = 1672), and Nepal (<em>n</em> = 1451). The Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) application was used to measure food intake on the previous day, with each food tagged to an eating occasion. Diet quality and risk of dietary inadequacy and diet-related NCDs were assessed using GDQS total (0–49 points), GDQS positive (0–32), and GDQS negative (0–17) metrics for overall, healthy, and unhealthy food group intake, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Diet quality was low, with similar scores across countries for GDQS total (17–19), GDQS positive (7–8), and GDQS negative (10–12). Over 90% of adults had levels of GDQS scores associated with moderate/high risk of nutrient inadequacy and diet-related NCDs, with the proportion at high risk in Bangladesh being 2–3× higher than that in other countries. One-third of adults skipped breakfast in Nepal, and snacking was twice as common in males (63%) vs females (33%) in Bangladesh. Lower GDQS total scores (worse diets) were associated with female gender and lower household wealth but not with household production of crops or livestock.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings may help inform interventions to improve diets in South Asia, focusing on increasing intake of healthy fresh foods, while limiting intake of processed foods high in sugar, salt, and saturated fat.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2406-2415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumption of Unsweetened Coffee or Tea May Reduce the Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"Jingxue Xu ,&nbsp;Yixue Wang ,&nbsp;Siyu Wang ,&nbsp;Tianle Zhou ,&nbsp;Shijie Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhengqian Li ,&nbsp;Fuliang Liu ,&nbsp;Hang Yin ,&nbsp;Xiaoyuan Wang ,&nbsp;Hongru Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Current evidence on the relationship between beverage intake and cancer risk remains inconclusive.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to examine the association between the intake of 11 beverages and cancer incidence and mortality, with a particular focus on coffee and tea, categorized by their sugar content.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This large prospective cohort study included 189,020 participants from the United Kingdom Biobank. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between beverage intake and the incidence and mortality of overall cancer and cancers of various systems. Additionally, the study investigated the effects of substituting 1 beverage for another and explored potential mediators underlying the relationship between beverage intake and cancer outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over a median follow-up period of 8.8 y, consuming &gt;2 cups of unsweetened coffee per day was associated with reduced overall cancer incidence and mortality. Compared with no intake of unsweetened coffee, the hazard ratios (HRs) were 0.95 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.92, 0.98] for overall cancer incidence and 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83, 0.96) for overall cancer mortality. Similarly, consuming &gt;2 cups of unsweetened tea per day was associated with reduced overall cancer incidence (HR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.92, 0.97) and mortality (HR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.79, 0.91) compared with no unsweetened tea intake. Substituting unsweetened coffee or tea for other beverages was associated with a 1%–5% reduction in overall cancer incidence and mortality. The association between unsweetened tea and reduced cancer risk may be partially mediated by inflammatory markers. Notably, the sugar content of coffee and tea had the most pronounced effect on risk of respiratory system cancers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Beverage selection significantly impacts cancer incidence and mortality. For cancer prevention, unsweetened tea or coffee may be the optimal choice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2100-2109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between Dietary Phenolic Compounds and Biomarkers of Atrial Fibrillation Risk in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: A Longitudinal Analysis","authors":"Zenaida Vázquez-Ruiz ,&nbsp;Alvaro Alonso ,&nbsp;Ángel Alonso-Gómez ,&nbsp;Dora Romaguera ,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Martínez-González ,&nbsp;Linzi Li ,&nbsp;Itziar Berrade ,&nbsp;Lucas Tojal-Sierra ,&nbsp;Marta Noris ,&nbsp;Rosa M Lamuela-Raventós ,&nbsp;Vicente Martín ,&nbsp;Jordi Salas-Salvadó ,&nbsp;Montserrat Fito ,&nbsp;Estefanía Toledo","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Phenolic compounds (PCs) may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Examining relationships between dietary intake of total PC and atrial fibrillation (AF) risk biomarkers in a Mediterranean population with metabolic syndrome may offer new insights about AF physiopathology.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This observational study aimed to analyze the relationship between total PC intake and serum concentrations of 5 AF-related biomarkers over 5 y in 566 participants from the PREDIMED-Plus trial.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In participants with metabolic syndrome (mean age: 65.1 y; 40.4% women), the following blood biomarkers were measured at baseline and at 3 and 5 y: N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP; atrial stretch), high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT; myocardial damage), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP; inflammation), procollagen type 1 carboxy-terminal propeptide (PICP; fibrosis), and 3-nitrotyrosine (NT; oxidative stress). PC intake was assessed using a validated 143-item food frequency questionnaire and the Phenol-Explorer database. Changes in log-transformed biomarkers concentrations were evaluated with multivariable-adjusted mixed linear models. Sources of between-person variability in total PC intake were also evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over 5 y, participants with moderate-high baseline PC intake (quartiles 2–4) showed a 39.5% (95% CI: 27.4%, 52.6%; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) increase in NT-proBNP concentrations compared to a 20.5% (95% CI: 3.4%, 40.3%; <em>P</em> = 0.03) increase in the lowest quartile (<em>P</em>_{time × categories} = 0.04). When PC intake was updated over follow-up, moderate-high intake showed a 32.2% (95% CI: 19.5%, 46.2%; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) increase in NT-proBNP compared to a 27.3% (95% CI: 6.5%, 52.1%; <em>P</em> = 0.004) in the lowest quartile, (<em>P</em>_{time × categories} = 0.02). Participants with moderate-high PC intake undergoing intensive lifestyle intervention showed smaller increases in hs-TnT than those with lower intake. Chocolate was the main contributor to between-person variability in PC intake.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results show that higher PC intake was associated with larger increases in NT-proBNP concentrations. In participants undergoing an intensive lifestyle intervention and higher PC intake, a lower increase in hs-TnT concentrations was found. Future research is warranted to better understand the role of dietary intake of PC in AF-related pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2253-2266"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fiber for Thought: How Fiber-Based Microbiota-Modulation Can Impact Pediatric Brain Health","authors":"Nina M Frerichs ,&nbsp;Tim GJ de Meij ,&nbsp;Hendrik J Niemarkt","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2086-2088"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application-Based Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Provides Accurate Body Composition Parameters in a More Cost-Efficient and Time-Efficient Way","authors":"Giovanna D’Abbronzo ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Scidà ,&nbsp;Cinzia Quaglia,&nbsp;Angela A Rivellese,&nbsp;Lutgarda Bozzetto,&nbsp;Giovanni Annuzzi,&nbsp;Marilena Vitale","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In clinical practice, there is an increasing demand for methods that provide accurate, precise, and real-time body composition measurements while reducing costs and data collection time.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the validity of an application-based bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) system for determining body composition compared with a standard BIA method.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 109 individuals with type 1 diabetes (56 men and 53 women), aged 18–70 y, with a body mass index of 25.0–35.0 kg/m² and glycated hemoglobin concentrations of 7.0%–9.0%, were recruited. Participants were randomly assigned to start with either the application-based BIA system or the standard method (A-wave BIA quantum-V) and then switched to the other method. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and metabolic profiles were also assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The comparison between the 2 methods showed a negligible difference in resistance but a significant difference in reactance (–4.9%). The degree of consistency was excellent for both resistance [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.990, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001] and reactance (ICC = 0.903, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), with individual differences falling within acceptable ranges. Furthermore, body composition parameters, including fat-free mass, fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, total body water, and extracellular water, showed only minor and nonsignificant differences between the 2 methods.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that the application-based BIA system is a valid and reliable tool for assessing body composition, offering healthcare professionals, including dietitians and nutritionists, a cost-effective and time-efficient alternative to standard BIA methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2443-2448"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}