Journal of Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Validation of the Latin American and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELSCA) for use in Samoa.","authors":"Veeraya K Tanawattanacharoen, Courtney C Choy, Trevor J Anesi, Amber Hromi-Fiedler, Take Naseri, Muagututia S Reupena, Rachel L Duckham, Dongqing Wang, Nicola L Hawley, Christina-Soti Ulberg","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Measuring food security accurately has implications for policies and programming designed to address both hunger and obesity risk among children.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to examine the validity of the Latin American and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELSCA) for use in Samoa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The ELSCA was administered verbally to 454 Samoan mothers who were participants in an ongoing longitudinal cohort study (the Ola Tuputupua'e Study). Internal consistency and construct validity were examined with Rasch modeling, which generated item severity and item infit statistics. Associations between food security and several cohort characteristics including maternal education, household income, and child dietary intake were examined to determine whether common associations present in the extant literature could be replicated. Face and content validity were explored through focus group discussions with n = 34 of the participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ELSCA showed strong reliability and internal consistency and, with minor exceptions, participants clearly understood the survey questions. On the basis of Rasch modeling, the score thresholds for food insecurity used in the original tool are appropriate for use in Samoa. Many families in Samoa experience some degree of food insecurity, primarily driven by a lack of access to \"healthy\" foods, although extreme food insecurity was infrequent. The managed process of food insecurity is largely consistent with that found elsewhere, although uniquely protective factors such as continued subsistence farming and community food sharing mitigate the absolute lack of food for most families.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Samoan translation of the 15-question ELSCA has validity for use among nonpregnant Samoan females with children. Although there are unique protective factors, food insecurity should be continuously monitored in Samoa with efforts made to provide resources to families experiencing extreme food insecurity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-nutritive sweetener consumption, metabolic risk factors, and inflammatory biomarkers among adults in the Cancer Prevention Study-3 Diet Assessment Sub-Study.","authors":"Allison C Sylvetsky, Ying Wang, Ananya G Reddy, Caroline Y Um, Rebecca A Hodge, Cari Lichtman, Diane Mitchell, Anuj Nanavati, Michael Pollak, Ye Wang, Alpa V Patel, Marjorie L McCullough","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) are widely used to replace added sugars, yet their role in metabolic health and chronic disease prevention is debated.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Examine associations between NNS consumption, metabolic risk factors, and inflammatory biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional analysis included 624 adults in the American Cancer Society's Cancer Prevention Study-3 Diet Assessment Sub-study (DAS). Consumption of NNS including aspartame, saccharin, sucralose, and acesulfame-potassium were estimated using the mean quantities reported in six 24-hour dietary recalls over one year. Fasting insulin, C-peptide, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), leptin, adiponectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured in fasting blood samples collected twice, six months apart. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine associations between NNS consumption and the average levels of each metabolic or inflammatory biomarkers. Base models were adjusted for age, sex, race, education, smoking, and physical activity; full models were further adjusted for BMI, diet quality (HEI-2020), and energy intake.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over half (55%) of participants reported consuming NNS (mean daily NNS consumption 7, 38, and 221 mg across tertiles). NNS consumption was positively associated with leptin (p-trend = 0.0006) and CRP (p-trend = 0.02) prior to adjustment for BMI, diet quality, and energy intake. No associations between NNS consumption and insulin, C-peptide, HbA1c, adiponectin, TNF-α, or IL-10 were observed. In analyses stratified by BMI, NNS consumption was positively associated with IL-6 among participants with BMI ≥25kg/m², but not BMI <25kg/m².</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings in the full sample were predominantly null after adjustment for energy intake and BMI; but NNS consumption was positively associated with IL-6 among participants with overweight or obesity. Investigation of mechanisms through which NNS consumption may impact inflammatory pathways is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fecal Microbiota and Metabolites Predict Metabolic Health Features across Various Dietary Patterns in Adults.","authors":"Alexis D Baldeon, Tori A Holthaus, Naiman A Khan, Hannah D Holscher","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Consuming healthful dietary patterns reduces risk of developing metabolic diseases and nourishes the intestinal microbiota. Thus, investigating the microbial underpinnings of dietary influences on metabolic health is of clinical interest.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to determine the unique contributions of fecal taxa and metabolites in predicting metabolic health markers in adults across various dietary patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dietary, metabolic, and fecal microbiota and metabolome data from 118 adults (25-45 y) were used for these cross-sectional analyses. The Diet History Questionnaire II assessed adherence to the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH), Mediterranean diet, Mediterranean-DASH intervention for neurocognitive delay (MIND), and the Healthy Eating Index-2020 (HEI-2020). Metabolic features included waist circumference, blood pressure, and circulating triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose concentrations. Microbiota composition was assessed via 16S amplicon sequencing and volatile fatty acid and bile acid concentrations were measured by targeted metabolomics. Analyses of compositions with bias correction 2 and correlation analyses were used to screen for microbiota features independently associated with dietary patterns and metabolic health markers. Then, hierarchical linear regression models were used to evaluate the unique contributions of select microbial features on metabolic markers beyond adherence to dietary patterns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HEI-2020 positively associated with microbiota richness (P = 0.02). Beta diversity varied across all dietary patterns (P < 0.05). DASH diet scores, (Eubacterium) xylanophilum abundance, and deoxycholic acid concentration explained the most variance in systolic (R² = 0.32) and diastolic (R² = 0.26) blood pressure compared with other dietary patterns and microbial features. TG concentrations were best predicted by MIND diet scores, (E.) eligens abundance, and isobutyrate concentrations (R² = 0.24).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Integrating fecal taxa and metabolites alongside dietary indices improved metabolic health marker prediction. These results point to a potential role of the intestinal microbiota in underpinning physiological responses to diet and highlight potential microbial biomarkers of metabolic health.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma Proteins Associated with the Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diet and Incident Dementia.","authors":"Jiaqi Yang, Lauren Bernard, Jingsha Chen, Valerie K Sullivan, Jennifer A Deal, Hyunju Kim, Bing Yu, Lyn M Steffen, Casey M Rebholz","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet slows cognitive decline and protects brain health, but the mechanisms are poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to determine the plasma proteins associated with the MIND diet score and their ability to predict incident dementia in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 10,230 Black and White participants at visit 3 (1993-1995) with food frequency questionnaire and proteomics data and randomly divided them into discovery (n = 6850) and replication (n = 3380) samples. We examined associations between the MIND diet score and 4955 proteins using multivariable linear regression and elastic net regression. C-statistics were calculated to assess if proteins improved the prediction of high MIND diet adherence beyond participant characteristics. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess associations between significant diet-related proteins and incident dementia over 2 decades. C-statistics assessed the ability of significant proteins to improve dementia prediction beyond known risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 316 proteins associated with the MIND diet score in the discovery sample at a false discovery rate <0.05, 62 were internally replicated. Of these, 21 proteins selected by the elastic net individually improved MIND diet score prediction. After a median follow-up of 21 y, there were 2311 dementia cases. Five diet-related proteins, thrombospondin-2 [hazard ratio (HR): 1.19; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11, 1.29], protein ABHD14A (HR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.37), structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 3 (HR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.31), epidermal growth factor receptor (HR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.86), and interleukin-12 subunit beta (HR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.25) were significantly associated with incident dementia. All 5 proteins individually and together improved the prediction of dementia risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using high-throughput proteomics, we identified candidate biomarkers of the MIND diet score and incident dementia, which are implicated in neural signaling, angiogenesis, and anti-inflammatory pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sowing the Seeds of Taste? A Novel Approach to Investigate the Impact of Early Sweet Exposure on Children's Dietary Taste Patterns from 12 to 36 Mo.","authors":"Carina Mueller, Monica Mars, Gertrude G Zeinstra, Corine Perenboom, Ciarán G Forde, Gerry Jager","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early food experiences shape children's eating behavior. Whether initiating complementary feeding (CF) with sweet-tasting foods impacts the taste of later dietary patterns remains unknown. This study combined a quantitative taste intensity database with dietary assessment methods to investigate this.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to investigate whether initiating CF in infants with sweet compared with neutral-tasting foods leads to different dietary taste patterns at 12-36 mo.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 246 Dutch infants (age 20.2 ± 1.8 wk, 129 girls) participated in an randomized control trial; they received either sweet-tasting (n = 125) or neutral-tasting (n = 121) fruit and vegetable purees during the first 15 d of initial CF. Dietary intake was assessed at 12, 18, 24, and 36 mo using 3 24-h recalls. Reported foods (n = 1277) were grouped into 5 clusters-\"sour-sweet,\" \"sweet-fatty,\" \"fatty-salty,\" \"fatty,\" and \"neutral\" tasting foods-based on their taste intensity values using K-means clustering. Dietary taste patterns were calculated as the average daily intake of energy (%kcal) and weight (%grams) from each taste cluster and compared between intervention groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, children's energy intake from neutral-tasting foods decreased from 61% ± 11% at 12 mo to 44% ± 12% at 36 mo (P < 0.001). Weight intake from neutral foods also declined (from 74% ± 9% to 62% ± 13%, P < 0.001). Conversely, children's energy intake from sweet-fatty, fatty-salty, and fatty foods increased significantly over the study period (from 12% ± 7% to 21% ± 10%, from 8% ± 6% to 13% ± 7%, and from 7% ± 5% to 11% ± 6%, respectively, all P ≤ 0.01). No differences were observed between the 2 intervention groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, children's diets became more diverse and intense in taste but exposure to sweet taste during early CF did not influence the dietary taste patterns in later childhood.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03348176.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumption of Unsweetened Coffee or Tea May Reduce the Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Jingxue Xu, Yixue Wang, Siyu Wang, Tianle Zhou, Shijie Zhang, Zhengqian Li, Fuliang Liu, Hang Yin, Xiaoyuan Wang, Hongru Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current evidence on the relationship between beverage intake and cancer risk remains inconclusive.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to examine the association between the intake of 11 beverages and cancer incidence and mortality, with a particular focus on coffee and tea, categorized by their sugar content.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This large prospective cohort study included 189,020 participants from the United Kingdom Biobank. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between beverage intake and the incidence and mortality of overall cancer and cancers of various systems. Additionally, the study investigated the effects of substituting 1 beverage for another and explored potential mediators underlying the relationship between beverage intake and cancer outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a median follow-up period of 8.8 y, consuming >2 cups of unsweetened coffee per day was associated with reduced overall cancer incidence and mortality. Compared with no intake of unsweetened coffee, the hazard ratios (HRs) were 0.95 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.92, 0.98] for overall cancer incidence and 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83, 0.96) for overall cancer mortality. Similarly, consuming >2 cups of unsweetened tea per day was associated with reduced overall cancer incidence (HR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.92, 0.97) and mortality (HR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.79, 0.91) compared with no unsweetened tea intake. Substituting unsweetened coffee or tea for other beverages was associated with a 1%-5% reduction in overall cancer incidence and mortality. The association between unsweetened tea and reduced cancer risk may be partially mediated by inflammatory markers. Notably, the sugar content of coffee and tea had the most pronounced effect on risk of respiratory system cancers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Beverage selection significantly impacts cancer incidence and mortality. For cancer prevention, unsweetened tea or coffee may be the optimal choice.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two a Priori Dietary Indices among Young Children in the Children's Healthy Living (CHL) Trial: Validation and Association with Health Outcomes.","authors":"Yurii B Shvetsov, Ashley B Yamanaka, Rica Dela Cruz, Jean Butel, Kristi Hammond, Tanisha F Aflague, Patricia Coleman, Leslie Shallcross, Travis Fleming, Marie K Fialkowski, Lynne R Wilkens, Rachel Novotny","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children's diets affect multiple health outcomes. Dietary indices are a useful tool for quantifying the quality of the overall diet, but their performance may differ among children of different ages and in understudied populations.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This analysis aimed to validate 2 dietary indices and examine their associations with physical body measures among 2-8-y-old children of the United States-Affiliated Pacific region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected on children (n = 2359) from 5 jurisdictions of the children's healthy living randomized control trial in independent cross-sectional cluster samples over 3-time points. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and dietary intakes were ascertained from 2 d of dietary records completed by caregivers. The Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2020 and dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) scores were calculated using a simple scoring algorithm, their construct validity and performance were evaluated, and associations with nutrient intake, body measures, and obesity status were examined using covariate-adjusted means and unconditional logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed a wide range of variation in DASH (9-38 points) and HEI-2020 (10-94.7 points), clear separation of mean component scores by quintile of the total score, and multiple dimensions for each index. Significant trends in polyunsaturated and saturated fat were observed from the lowest to the highest quintile of HEI-2020 (12% higher and 21% reduction, respectively) but not for DASH. Significant differences by quintile of DASH and HEI-2020 were found for mean body mass index z-score among 6-8-y-olds and for waist circumference among boys and 6-8-y-olds. The odds of obesity exhibited statistically significant downward trends across quintiles of HEI-2020 among all participants and in all sexes and age groups, and across quintiles of DASH among all participants, boys and 6-8-y-olds.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found that HEI-2020 is a better measure of dietary intake than DASH in this population of 2-8-y-old children of the United States-Affiliated Pacific region.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pecan Intake Improves Lipoprotein Particle Concentrations Compared with Usual Intake in Adults at Increased Risk of Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Tricia L Hart, Penny M Kris-Etherton, Kristina S Petersen","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pecan consumption consistently improves lipoproteins, but less research has investigated the effect of pecans on lipoprotein subfractions.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim was to investigate the effect of substitution of usual snack foods with 57 g/d of pecans on lipoprotein particle subfractions and apolipoproteins compared with continuing usual intake after 12 wk. Exploratory analyses evaluated effects on early markers of insulin resistance including the Lipoprotein Insulin Resistance Index (LP-IR), Diabetes Risk Index, and GlycA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 12-wk, randomized, 2-armed parallel trial in adults at risk of cardiometabolic disease was conducted. Participants were instructed to either consume 57 g/d of pecans in place of usual snacks or to continue their usual intake. Plasma samples collected at baseline and 12 wk were analyzed for lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, and GlycA by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Between-group differences in the change from baseline were evaluated with linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 138 participants were randomly assigned (n = 69 per group) and 130 participants (pecan group n = 62; usual diet group n = 68) completed the trial. The pecan group had a greater reduction from baseline in the concentrations of apolipoprotein B (apoB) [-4.38 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval (CI): -8.02, -0.73], total low-density lipoprotein (-75.3 nmol/L; 95% CI: -144, -6.93), total triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particles (TRL-P) (-20.4 nmol/L; 95% CI: -33.8, -7.03), large (-1.47 nmol/L; 95% CI: -2.69, -0.26) and small (-11.3 nmol/L; 95% CI: -22.4, -0.27) TRL-P and the LP-IR (-4.42 points; 95% CI: -8.14, -0.69), and greater increases from baseline in the concentration of large high-density lipoproteins (0.35 μmol/L; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.63) compared with the usual diet group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Incorporating 57 g/d of pecans into the diet in place of usual snacks for 12 wk improved apoB, atherogenic lipoprotein subfractions, and the LP-IR in adults at risk of cardiometabolic diseases. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05071807.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeatability of Pig True Ileal Amino Acid Digestibility Coefficients: Among and Within Laboratories.","authors":"Suzanne M Hodgkinson, Natascha Stroebinger, Carlos A Montoya, Hans Stein, Sonja de Vries, Nikkie van der Wielen, Wouter Hendriks, Paul J Moughan","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>When determining true ileal amino acid (AA) digestibility values in the growing pig to calculate digestible indispensable AA score, there are aspects of the protocol, both genetic and environmental, that vary between laboratories.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to determine true ileal AA digestibility in 9 foods in each of 3 laboratories (Australasia, Europe, and North America) to determine interlaboratory variability. In each laboratory, 3 foods were also evaluated twice to determine intralaboratory variation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Each laboratory followed a standardized protocol to determine true ileal AA digestibility for each food. Growing pigs received each food for 7 d and digesta were collected via a cannula at the terminal ileum on days 6 and 7. True ileal AA digestibility coefficients were determined for each food at each laboratory to evaluate interlaboratory variability. Three foods were evaluated twice in different cohorts of pigs at each laboratory (intralaboratory variation).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no statistically significant effect (P > 0.05) of the laboratory on the true ileal AA digestibility coefficients for 8 of the foods. Differences in AA digestibility were found for wheat bread. The mean coefficient of variation (CV) between laboratories for digestibility of the indispensable AAs was 5.0% with an overall mean for all AAs of 5.5%. For intralaboratory variability, there were no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) in AA digestibility for any food with mean CVs for each AA within each of the 3 laboratories for the indispensable AAs of 1.3%, 1.1%, and 0.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>True ileal AA digestibility values determined in the growing pig for the same foods in different laboratories (interlaboratory variation) do not vary greatly. When a single food was evaluated a second time in the same laboratory, little variation among digestibility values was found.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Perspectives on China's Lodine Dietary Reference Intakes: Revisions, Public Health Implications, and Future Strategies.","authors":"Wenxing Guo, Wen Chen, Wanqi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.03.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Iodine is an essential trace element for the human body and a fundamental precursor for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, playing a critical role in maintaining thyroid function. Because iodine cannot be synthesized by the body, it must be obtained from external sources. The development of dietary reference intakes for iodine has evolved over time, with various countries establishing guidelines based on local dietary surveys, iodine status assessments, and health outcomes. The dietary reference intakes of iodine vary widely across different regions due to differences in dietary habits, food fortification policies, and iodine supplementation practices. This review primarily synthesizes and analyzes the latest research data on iodine intake reference values set by China and compares these values with those established by other countries and organizations. Additionally, this review examines primary dietary sources of iodine, such as iodized salt, dairy products, and seafood, and discusses challenges posed by public health initiatives like salt-reduction campaigns that may impact overall iodine intake. Furthermore, it highlights current global trends in iodine nutrition while emphasizing countries where iodine intake is classified as sufficient, deficient, or excessive. By comparing iodine intake recommendations worldwide, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of iodine nutrition and its impact on public health. It also identifies gaps in current research and offers insights into future directions for ensuring optimal iodine intake through updated guidelines and public health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}