Journal of Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Classification without Calibration: The Internal Logical Incoherence of Nova and Its Conflict with Dose-Dependent Biological Reasoning","authors":"Jimmy Chun Yu Louie","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The NOVA food classification system has achieved remarkable policy traction on the claim that ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) harm health through mechanisms that transcend classical nutrient composition. Yet this foundational claim embeds 2 largely unexamined logical contradictions. If processing rather than nutrients constitutes the primary causal agent, then by the framework's own logic a nutritionally superior UPF (e.g., lower in saturated fat, added sugar, sodium, and energy density) must be inherently more hazardous than a nutritionally inferior non-UPF that is high in fat, sugar, and sodium but free of cosmetic additives. This inversion directly contradicts decades of epidemiological evidence underpinning global dietary guidelines. Compounding this contradiction, NOVA Group 4 classification is triggered by the mere presence of cosmetic additives or industrially processed ingredients, regardless of quantity, dose, or demonstrated biological activity, thereby abandoning the dose-dependency axiom that is foundational to toxicology, pharmacology, and nutritional biochemistry. Here, I articulate these 2 structural incoherencies, examine their implications for causal inference and exposure misclassification, locate them within a broader set of NOVA’s architectural limitations, and propose a 4-criterion Validation Quartet—construct validity, dose specification, internal consistency, and falsifiability—that any food classification system should satisfy before regulatory adoption. It should be emphasized that concerns about UPFs may be legitimate; my argument is narrower and sharper: the instrument used to operationalize those concerns does not yet meet foundational metrological standards. Until such standards are met, translation of NOVA-based research into binding policy will systematically misallocate regulatory burden, penalizing nutritionally superior products while leaving nutritionally inferior non-UPFs largely unaddressed.</div></div><div>The NOVA food classification system has achieved remarkable policy traction on the claim that ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) harm health through mechanisms that transcend classical nutrient composition. Yet this foundational claim embeds 2 largely unexamined logical contradictions. If processing rather than nutrients constitutes the primary causal agent, then by the framework's own logic a nutritionally superior UPF (e.g., lower in saturated fat, added sugar, sodium, and energy density) must be inherently more hazardous than a nutritionally inferior non-UPF that is high in fat, sugar, and sodium but free of cosmetic additives. This inversion directly contradicts decades of epidemiological evidence underpinning global dietary guidelines. Compounding this contradiction, NOVA Group 4 classification is triggered by the mere presence of cosmetic additives or industrially processed ingredients, regardless of quantity, dose, or demonstrated biological activity, thereby abandoning the dose-dependency axiom that ","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"156 9","pages":"Article 101661"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148295544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Apple(Juice) Does Not Fall Far from the Tree: Children’s Hydration Mirrors Their Parent’s","authors":"Asher Y Rosinger","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101713","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"156 9","pages":"Article 101713"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Disease Events and Life Expectancy Lost Attributable to Machine Learning-Derived Dietary Networks: Evidence from Canadian National Nutrition Survey Linked to Routinely Collected Administrative Databases","authors":"Yifei Wang,&nbsp;Jason M Sutherland,&nbsp;Mahsa Jessri","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Artificial intelligence and machine learning (ML) are transforming nutritional epidemiology by revealing dietary network structures invisible to conventional correlation-based methods. Although traditional approaches fail to capture conditional food–food dependencies, advanced computational techniques can identify co-consumption patterns and their differential associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To apply ML-based network analysis to characterize complex food–food relationships and identify dietary communities representing distinct food combinations consumed by Canadian adults, and to examine associations of these community scores with CVD risk, all-cause mortality, and life expectancy (LE).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Dietary intake was obtained from 2 cycles of the nationally representative samples from the Canadian Community Health Survey–Nutrition 2004 (<em>n</em> = 15,835; linked with health administrative databases) and 2015 (<em>n</em> = 13,557). We used semiparametric Gaussian Copula graphical models to infer conditional dependencies between food groups and the Louvain algorithm for unsupervised community detection. Individual-level community scores were derived, and communities’ associations with mortality and CVD were measured using weighted multivariable-adjusted Cox models. LE was estimated across community scores using abridged life tables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three dietary communities were identified: vegetable-rich (VR), high-sugary beverage and low fruit (HSBLF), and high-fat breakfast. Higher VR scores were associated with lower all-cause mortality in the overall sample [hazard ratios (HR): 0.49; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.36, 0.67], females (HR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.63), and males (HR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.33, 0.81), and with lower CVD risk overall (HR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.94). Higher HSBLF scores were associated with increased mortality (HR: 1.31; 95% CI:1.06, 1.62) and among males (HR: 1.39; 95% CI:1.03, 1.88). LE at 45 y was longer with higher VR scores or lower HSBLF/high-fat breakfast scores (1.0–8.3 y for females, 0.8–6.1 y for males).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ML-based network analysis identifies dietary communities characterized by unique combinations of foods that are differentially associated with mortality and CVD, demonstrating the value of advanced computational approaches for characterizing dietary patterns relevant to chronic disease prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"156 9","pages":"Article 101598"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147941573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Local System Strengthening Improve Nutrition Program Coverage and Child Growth: Evidence from a Large-Scale Program Initiative in India","authors":"Soyra Gune,&nbsp;Harold Alderman,&nbsp;Phuong Hong Nguyen,&nbsp;Suman Chakrabarti","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Acknowledging the importance of the first 1000 d of life, the Indian government is delivering nutrition-specific and -sensitive interventions targeting mothers and young children. However, implementation challenges at the district level prevent achieving coverage at scale. The government, in collaboration with multiple development partners, introduced system-strengthening models to improve the intervention delivery between 2016 and 2020 in 64% of districts.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of system-strengthening models in improving coverage of interventions and child growth.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used data from the 2015–2016 (<em>N</em> = 185,101) and 2019–2021 (<em>N</em> = 172,426) National Family Health Surveys. We assessed the impact of system-strengthening models on coverage of interventions and child nutrition using a difference-in-differences study design. We compared districts that received additional support to those that only received usual programming. Among supported districts, 98.0% received a base package of input features consisting of human resources, community mobilization, and technological support. In addition, 76.3% received an enhanced package that included capacity building, finance, performance-based incentives, and infrastructure. Therefore, we additionally tested for potential additive effects from receiving an enhanced package of input features.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Coverage of nutrition-specific [range of significant (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) coefficients: 5.8–14.5 percentage points (pp)] and nutrition-sensitive interventions (range of significant coefficients: 4.1–13.6 pp) improved at a faster rate in supported districts compared with usual programming districts between 2016 and 2020. Children in supported districts also experienced significantly faster improvements in height-for-age <em>z</em>-scores (0.18 SDs) relative to children in districts with usual programming. Although receiving the enhanced package on top of the base was associated with significant additive improvements in coverage of nutrition-specific interventions, no similar synergistic effect was observed for nutrition-sensitive interventions or child growth.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Targeted support at the district level can help to address implementation challenges and lead to improvements in coverage and nutrition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"156 9","pages":"Article 101641"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148175981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging Space and Military Nutrition: Energy Balance Challenges and Countermeasures in Extreme Environments","authors":"Nicole M Sekel,&nbsp;Stefan M Pasiakos","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This critical review underscores the profound challenges of maintaining energy balance in high-consequence occupations in extreme environments, revealing fundamental differences, such as microgravity, radiation, and isolation stressors during spaceflight compared with terrestrial extremes of altitude and temperature during military operations. Herein, we highlight substantial logistical and physiological overlaps in mechanisms like appetite suppression, gastrointestinal disturbances, exercise-induced satiety signaling, sleep deficits, and psychological strain. These distinct and shared dynamics perpetuate negative energy balance, culminating in comparable sequelae that jeopardize mission success and long-term health. By synthesizing evidence from short and long-duration space missions with military training and operational contexts, we identify translational opportunities for optimizing dietary intake and minimizing the consequences of negative energy balance. We highlight issues pertaining to food palatability and antioxidant and micronutrient status, and we explore novel countermeasures to minimize musculoskeletal tissue degradation and maintain functional capacity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"156 9","pages":"Article 101580"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148283749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fueling the Force: Energy Deficit and Countermeasures from Orbit to Operations","authors":"Alyssa N Varanoske","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101718","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"156 9","pages":"Article 101718"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148891643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunomodulatory Properties of Choline and its Dietary Forms throughout the Lifespan","authors":"Tianna Rusnak,&nbsp;Jessy Azarcoya-Barrera,&nbsp;Jenneffer Rayane Braga Tibaes,&nbsp;Boshra Mandour,&nbsp;Caroline Richard","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101699","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Choline is involved in a broad range of critical physiological functions across all stages of the life cycle. Although choline’s essentiality for neurotransmitter synthesis, cell membrane integrity, lipid transport, and one-carbon metabolism has been extensively studied, evidence shows that choline plays an underexplored role in immune function and inflammation. This narrative review synthesizes evidence from preclinical and clinical studies, systematically examining choline’s impact on immune development and regulation. Key findings reveal that adequate intake of choline—particularly lipid-soluble forms of choline, such as phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM)—supports immune cell signaling, membrane integrity, and gut barrier function. Early-life choline exposure (both maternal and postnatal) programs immune development, resulting in enhanced T-cell function and cytokine balance. Choline supplementation, specifically lipid-soluble forms, has also been shown to mitigate immune dysfunction and/or inflammation associated with obesity and chronic diseases (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease, arthritis). Observational data link higher choline intake to reduced systemic inflammation (e.g., lower C-reactive protein, interleukin-6), although the results are inconclusive, and human trials remain limited. Critically, the form of choline in the diet matters. A mixture of both lipid-soluble forms (PC, SM) and water-soluble forms (free choline, glycerophosphocholine, and phosphocholine) enhances immune development and function over diets containing solely water-soluble forms.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Choline is involved in a broad range of critical physiological functions across all stages of the life cycle. Although choline’s essentiality for neurotransmitter synthesis, cell membrane integrity, lipid transport, and one-carbon metabolism has been extensively studied, evidence shows that choline plays an underexplored role in immune function and inflammation. This narrative review synthesizes evidence from preclinical and clinical studies, systematically examining choline’s impact on immune development and regulation. Key findings reveal that adequate intake of choline—particularly lipid-soluble forms of choline, such as phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM)—supports immune cell signaling, membrane integrity, and gut barrier function. Early-life choline exposure (both maternal and postnatal) programs immune development, resulting in enhanced T-cell function and cytokine balance. Choline supplementation, specifically lipid-soluble forms, has also been shown to mitigate immune dysfunction and/or inflammation associated with obesity and chronic diseases (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease, arthritis). Observational data link higher choline intake to reduced systemic inflammation (e.g., lower C-reactive protein, interleukin-6), although the results are inconclusive, and human trials remain limited. Critically, the form of choline in the diet mat","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"156 9","pages":"Article 101699"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148361036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Supplementation with Fruits and Vegetables Prevents Cognitive Impairment Induced by a Western-Style High-Fat Diet in Male Mice.","authors":"Weimin Guo, Barbara Shukitt-Hale, Dayong Wu, Lijun Li, Simin Nikbin Meydani","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aging, obesity, and high-fat Western diets are linked to increased risk of cognitive decline. Although higher fruit and vegetable (FVs) intake may protect against cognitive decline, evidence remains inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examined whether long-term FV supplementation preserves cognitive function and modulates serum sphingolipid metabolism in mice fed low-fat or high-fat diets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this long-term in vivo mouse study, male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to low-fat control (LF-C), high-fat control (HF-C), or each diet supplemented with 15% FV (LF-FV, HF-FV) (n = 20/group). After 18 mo on the diets, cognitive function was assessed using the novel object recognition (NOR) test, and recognition index (RI) and discrimination index (DI) were calculated. At 21 mo, all mice were killed, and serum was collected for lipidomic analysis. Group comparisons were performed using analyses of variance with post hoc tests and correlation analyses between lipids and cognitive measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LF-C, LF-FV, and HF-FV mice showed significant increases in RI during testing (18.7%, 23.6%, and 22.2%, respectively), whereas HF-C exhibited no improvement. HF-C also had markedly reduced DI (-0.0456) relative to all other groups (0.2100-0.2323), consistent with cognitive impairment. In contrast, HF-FV mice demonstrated preserved DI and RI values comparable with those of LF controls, indicating that FV supplementation prevented high-fat diet-induced deficits. Serum lipidomic analysis revealed that HF-C mice displayed elevated total sphingomyelins (SMs) and several long-chain SM species; these elevations were largely normalized in HF-FV mice. Across all mice, higher SM amounts were consistently associated with poorer NOR performance, suggesting that changes in SMs may contribute to cognitive differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In aged male C57BL/6J mice, long-term FV supplementation mitigates cognitive decline caused by a high-fat diet. Changes in serum SM species were associated with cognitive outcomes and may be related to the protective effect of FV supplementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"101768"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148630713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation Alters Tissue-Specific Vitamin D Metabolite Distribution in Mice During Pregnancy","authors":"Iskander LC Shadid,&nbsp;Henk-Jan Guchelaar,&nbsp;Bruce D Levy,&nbsp;Scott T Weiss,&nbsp;Hooman Mirzakhani","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.101345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.101345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pregnancy is a major modifier of vitamin D metabolism, which is suggested to serve an immunomodulatory role, support placental function, and aid fetal development. However, little is known about local tissue concentrations of vitamin D metabolites following supplementation during gestation.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We aimed to quantify intracellular concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ (25[OH]D) and the bioactive 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (1,25[OH]₂D) across tissues following vitamin D supplementation and to determine how this distribution is altered during gestation in mice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty nulliparous female C57BL/6 (wild-type) mice were fed a semipurified diet supplemented with either a normal (1000 IU/kg) or high-dose (6000 IU/kg) vitamin D₃ (cholecalciferol) for 4 wk. Thirty females were mated with 10 diet-matched C57BL/6 males, whereas 10 females served as nonpregnant controls. Maternal serum, lung, liver, kidney, and placental tissue and fetal samples were collected at gestational day 18.5. Concentrations of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)₂D were measured using high-pressure liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry and compared between groups using <em>t</em> tests in R (R Foundation for Statistical Computing).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>High-dose vitamin D supplementation increased serum 25(OH)D (calcidiol) across all groups, with a clear dose response. Serum 1,25(OH)₂D (calcitriol) concentrations were substantially increased in pregnant compared with nonpregnant females (mean difference: 74 pg/mL for control dose, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05 and 65 pg/mL for high dose, <em>P</em> = 0.1). Tissue analysis revealed the lungs as important targets of 25(OH)D accumulation, with significantly higher concentrations than liver tissue in nonpregnant (mean difference: 27 ng/g, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) mice. Pregnancy induced notable shifts in vitamin D metabolite distribution, including reduced serum 25(OH)D concentrations and enhanced renal conversion to serum 1,25(OH)₂D. Despite high placental accumulation of 25(OH)D, fetal 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly lower in the high-dose group (mean difference: <strong>−</strong>2.6 ng/g, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), suggesting a protective saturation mechanism. High-dose vitamin D supplementation was well tolerated without any adverse gestational events.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings suggest that pregnancy results in a redistribution of vitamin D metabolites in tissues, with the kidneys and placenta playing central roles. This distribution is responsive to prenatal vitamin D supplementation; however, under supraphysiological maternal dosing, fetal 25(OH)D uptake may be decreased.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"156 9","pages":"Article 101345"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145948948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could an Ultra-Processed Food for Special Dietary Use Advance Personalized Medicine in Diabetic Nephropathy?","authors":"Jaime Uribarri,&nbsp;Mona S Calvo","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101679","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"156 8","pages":"Article 101679"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148277678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}