Journal of Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Vitamin D Supplementation, COPD and Asthma Exacerbations and Lung Function Decline.","authors":"Diane R Gold, Vincent J Carey, Craig Hersh, Emily Wan, Carlos A Camargo, I-Min Lee, Nancy R Cook, Nicholas Nassikas, Julie E Buring, JoAnn E Manson, Heike Luttmann-Gibson","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It remains unclear whether supplementation with vitamin D reduces the risk of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) or asthma, major contributors to the world-wide burden of disease.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare effects of vitamin D with placebo supplementation for the prespecified primary endpoints (1) acute exacerbations of COPD and (2) decline in pulmonary function measures of airflow obstruction. Prespecified secondary endpoints included asthma exacerbations and control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Lung VITAL (VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL) is an ancillary study of VITAL, a U.S. nationwide, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with a two-by-two factorial design, of vitamin D₃ (2000 IU per day) and marine n-3 fatty acids (1 g per day) among men 50 years and women 55 years of age or older. Of 25,871 randomized participants, 3632 at risk for respiratory exacerbations, including 1977 with COPD by diagnosis or symptoms and 1654 with self-reported asthma diagnosis, were followed annually for five years by self-administered respiratory questionnaire. Spirometry was performed at baseline and two years post-randomization by 1648 participants from twelve urban centers. Decline in forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV₁] and FEV₁/FVC (forced vital capacity) was measured between baseline and follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Supplementation with vitamin D was not associated with lower risk of any primary or secondary end point. Over the five-year follow-up, the number of COPD exacerbations was 0.27/year in the vitamin D group and 0.25 /year in the placebo group (rate ratio 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 0.93 to 1.29). Over two-years' follow-up, supplementation was not associated with slower decline (ml/yr) in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Supplementation with vitamin D, compared to placebo, did not result in a lower rate of COPD exacerbations or improved pulmonary function in community-dwelling adults not selected for vitamin D deficiency.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Lung VITAL ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01728571. Protocol ID 2010-P-000622 .https://prevention.cancer.gov/clinical-trials/clinical-trials-search/nct01728571.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bidirectional Association of Gut Microbiota-Derived Trimethylamine N-Oxide and its Precursors with Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate: A Cross-Lagged Cohort Study.","authors":"Ruiheng Peng, Peiying Tian, Ying Lu, He Bai, Yani Wu, Bin Liang, Wenli Ruan, Enmao Cai, Xiaohong Zhang, Mingfeng Ma, Liqiang Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is unclear whether Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and its precursors are bidirectionally associated with kidney dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate whether increased TMAO and its precursors are linked to decreased eGFR and whether reduced eGFR is associated with elevated TMAO and its precursors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study consists of participants with creatinine, TMAO, and its precursors (choline, carnitine, betaine) repeatedly measured from Fuxin Rural Cohort. We utilized cross-lagged panel models (CLPM) to assess the potential bidirectional associations of TMAO and its precursors with eGFR. Age-(≥60 and <60 years) and sex-specified associations and interaction effects were examined using multi-group CLPMs. Bonferroni method was applied for multiple comparison.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1746 participants (mean age 59.4 ± 9.3 years, 584 (33%) male), TMAO was inversely related to eGFR after two years (Cross-Lagged Coefficient, 95% CI: -0.030, -0.058 to -0.002, P=0.035), and eGFR was negatively associated with carnitine after two years (-0.138, -0.198 to -0.078, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis showed significant associations between baseline TMAO and eGFR after two years in individuals aged 60 and older (-0.061, -0.107 to -0.014, P=0.011), and between baseline eGFR and carnitine after two years in individuals aged 60 and older (-0.093, -0.164 to -0.022, P=0.010), in those under 60 (-0.153, -0.226 to -0.079, P<0.001), and in females (-0.154, -0.229 to -0.079, P<0.001). Additionally, baseline eGFR is nominally associated with choline after two years in those aged under 60 (0.092, 0.017 to 0.167, P=0.017) and in males (0.114, 0.015 to 0.213, P=0.025).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Deceased eGFR is related to elevated serum carnitine level and may be linked to choline. Conversely, elevated TMAO may be linked to reduced kidney function. This provides novel evidence that managing healthy kidney function helps keep TMAO and its precursors at optimal levels, while maintaining low TMAO levels reduces the risk of kidney disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-carbohydrate diet score and risk of mortality: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.","authors":"Tae Sasakabe, Kenji Wakai, Sayo Kawai, Yingsong Lin, Asahi Hishida, Hiroyasu Iso, Shogo Kikuchi, Akiko Tamakoshi","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) may be effective for reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. However, its association with mortality remains unclear, especially in populations with higher carbohydrate and lower fat intake.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the association between LCD scores and mortality risk in participants from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The analysis included 22,659 men and 35,192 women aged 40-79 years at baseline. A food frequency questionnaire was used to construct the LCD scores, which were further categorized into 3 types based on the fat intake source: animal, fish, and plant. The association between the LCD scores and total and cause-specific mortality was estimated using the Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up period of 19.4 years, 10,835 deaths (5835 men and 5000 women) were recorded. For all participants, the overall LCD score was inversely associated with total mortality. The lowest hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) was 0.85 (0.78-0.93) in the eighth decile (P for linear trend = 0.03). Fish fat-based LCD score had a U-shaped association with total mortality (P for non-linear trend = 0.01). An inverse association was observed with CVD mortality (P for linear trend = 0.04 of overall LCD score; P for linear trend = 0.04 of fish fat-based LCD score). In women, there was an inverse association between the overall LCD score and total mortality. A U-shaped association was also shown for fish fat-based LCD score. The fish fat-based LCD score was inversely associated with CVD mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Moderate overall and fish fat-based LCD scores were associated with a lower risk of total mortality in the Japanese population. Fish fat-based LCD score had a significant inverse association with CVD mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging Implementation Science to Identify and Address Facilitators and Barriers to WIC Enrollment, Participation, and Retention.","authors":"Shivani Ayalasomayajula, Yarisbel Melo Herrera, Hannah E Frank, Linda E Guzman, Emily S Fu, Ruben G Martínez, Blaine Ramalho, Sarah Blau, Alison Tovar","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.01.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.01.035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) supports the health and nutrition status of low-income pregnant and postpartum people and young children. Despite its numerous benefits, WIC faces low enrollment, participation, and retention.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify facilitators and barriers to WIC enrollment, participation, and retention in Rhode Island, and develop an implementation blueprint to create tailored strategies to address barriers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews (N=41) in English and Spanish with WIC participants (n=13), individuals who no longer participate in WIC (n=11), and WIC staff (n=17). Using an inductive and deductive approach, we performed a rapid qualitative analysis guided by the Health Equity Implementation Framework (HEIF) to identify facilitators and barriers. Community advisory boards (CABs) consisting of individuals representing WIC and other community-based organizations categorized barriers based on their importance and feasibility. We then developed strategies to address \"high\" importance and \"high\" feasibility barriers. CAB members categorized these strategies based on impact and feasibility. Finally, we operationalized \"moderate-high\" or \"high\" impact and \"high\" feasibility strategies in the implementation blueprint.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Interviews with participants revealed facilitators such as positive staff interactions and increased benefits during COVID-19. Barriers included limited program awareness, inconvenient clinic hours, stigma, and confusion over WIC product eligibility. The implementation blueprint described strategies to address identified barriers, such as social media campaigns, extended clinic hours, and optimizing referral networks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Identified facilitators and barriers highlight the need for better communication, scheduling flexibility, accurate WIC product labeling, and enhanced staff roles. The implementation blueprint offers targeted recommendations and strategies to improve WIC participation and retention in Rhode Island and can serve as guidance for other WIC state and local agencies to ensure WIC's continued support for low-income families nationwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of changes in human milk concentration across the first 6 months of life?","authors":"Melissa F Young","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.01.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.01.033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water as a source of iodine.","authors":"Tor A Strand","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.01.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.01.031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The muscle building potential of vegan eating for older folks.","authors":"Takeshi M Barnes, Nicholas A Burd","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.01.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.01.029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinol Isotope Dilution Testing in Population-based Surveys: Are We There Yet?","authors":"Sherry A Tanumihardjo","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.01.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.01.032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor.","authors":"Isabell Franzia, Wallace Ann Whatley, Kate McWilliams, Blayke Anderson, Lauren A Beretich","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.01.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.01.027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The epidemiological risk and prevention and interventions in Parkinson's disease: from a nutrition-based perspective.","authors":"Fan Zhang, Yu-Xian Liu, Yun-Yue Zhu, Qiu-Yan Yu, Samwel Sylvester Msigwa, Zhi-Hai Zeng, Xiong Zhang, Hong-Mei Wu, Jian-Hong Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.01.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.01.028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder associated with aging. Current treatments for PD primarily focus on alleviating symptoms rather than altering the progression of the disease. The sporadic form of PD, which accounts for most cases, is thought to arise from a complex interaction between genetic predispositions and environmental factors. This review examined epidemiological evidence regarding nutrition-related exposure factors and their associations with the risk of developing PD. We proposed a tentative conclusion for each factor based on the available evidence. These associations may vary by gender and depend on dietary intake patterns and adherence. We also reviewed clinical trials on nutrition-related interventions for PD symptoms and progression. Future clinical trials may benefit from combining nutrition factors in intervention and testing within single-gender cohorts or subgroups defined by epidemiological outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143123052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}