Journal of Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Coffee Consumption and Risk of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study in Japan.","authors":"Izumi Nakayama, Atsushi Goto, Taiki Yamaji, Motoki Iwasaki, Manami Inoue, Shoichiro Tsugane, Norie Sawada","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coffee consumption can be protective owing to its chemical compounds or harmful due to thermal injury in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, evidence remains inconsistent, as different studies have reported results ranging from protective effects to a three-fold increase in esophageal cancer risk with coffee consumption. The association may differ between individuals who prefer hot beverages and those who do not.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To distinguish the effects of coffee from thermal injury, we examined the association between coffee consumption and ESCC according to beverage temperature preferences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This population-based prospective cohort study used data from the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study from 1990. Overall, 103,932 participants aged 40-69 years were included in the study. Coffee consumption and hot food or beverage preference were self-reported using baseline questionnaires. The incidence of ESCC until 2013 was identified through active surveillance of cancer registries. The association between coffee consumption and ESCC was assessed by stratification according to hot food or beverage preference. The joint association between the combination of coffee and hot food or beverage preference and ESCC risk was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a mean follow-up of 18.7 years, 434 patients with ESCC were identified. Coffee consumption was not significantly associated with ESCC risk (HR for ≥3 cups/day: 0.84; 95% CI, 0.58-1.20). The associations were not statistically significant among those who preferred hot food or beverages (HR for ≥3 cups/day: 0.90; 95% CI, 0.48-1.69) and those who did not (HR 1.40, 95%CI, 0.80-2.48). Joint association analysis revealed no clear association. The results were similar when ESCC cases diagnosed within the first three years of follow-up were excluded.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This population-based prospective study did not find strong evidence supporting an association between coffee consumption and ESCC, either among individuals who preferred hot beverages or those who did not.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144369001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between the Plant-based Dietary Pattern and Cardiovascular Events Risk Across Various Cardiovascular Risk Populations in Northern China: a cross-sectional and Longitudinal Analysis from the China PEACE project.","authors":"Rui Fan, Ying Zhang, Yaqing Meng, Wenli Zhu, Junbo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a primary cause of mortality in China. A thorough comprehension of the relationship between dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk, coupled with the identification of effective dietary interventions, constitutes a robust foundation for enhancing the primary prevention of CVD.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to investigate the associations between plant-based dietary indices (PDI) and the risk of CVD events among individuals with varying levels of cardiovascular risk in northern China.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The data from the China PEACE (Patient-centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events) Project is being conducted during 2017-2020 in Shanxi provinces. A total of 54,764 residents aged 35-75 years were eligible enrolled in the cross-sectional study and divided into the high CVD risk population (HCRP) and the non-high CVD risk population (NCRP) according to the WHO prediction for CVD risk. The PDI was derived from data collected via the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). We examined the relationship between PDI and the risk of cardiovascular events (CVEs) utilizing generalized estimating equations, restricted cubic spline models, and mediation effect models, with adjustments for covariates. Subsequently, multivariate-adjusted Cox regression models were employed to analyze the association between PDI and the incidence risk of CVEs in the HCRP cohort over the follow-up.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The cross-sectional analysis revealed a negative and linear association between PDI and CVEs risk (OR=0.98, 95% CI: 0.97-0.99) mediated by diabetes (β=-0.001) within the HCRP, characterized by an L-shaped relationship with a cut-off point of 47. Follow-up analysis indicated the higher PDI scores were associated with a lower incidence risk of CVEs in the subgroup with BMI &lt; 24 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (P =0.014, HR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.56-1.08).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The prevention and control of CVD should not exclusively emphasize plant-based diets. Instead, it is imperative to adopt a comprehensive dietary approach considering the diverse physical conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Registry and registry number: &lt;/strong&gt;The PEACE project, which received approval from the Ethics Committee of Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (Approval Code: 2014-574) STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The data utilized in this study were sourced from the national survey initiative, the China Patient-centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events (PEACE). This research constitutes the inaugural exploration of the association between dietary patterns and the risk of cardiovascular events (CVEs) within Shanxi Province. Notably, the study encompassed individuals exhibiting a range of cardiovascular risk levels, thereby demonstrating its comprehensive scope. The enrolled participants, referred to as the entire population (EP), were categorized into two groups: t","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144369006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Effects of Different Forms of Dietary Supplemental Selenium in Hot Environment-induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pigs.","authors":"Zhe Li, Yi Chu, Jing-Hui Zhang, Le Xu, Ben-Zeng Xia, Xin-Gen Lei, Xiao-Dong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary selenium (Se) supplementation shows protective effects against heat stress in animals, though further research is needed to fully understand its underlying processes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare the effects of three forms of dietary supplemental Se on biochemical, physiological, and production responses in heat-stressed pigs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty pigs [(Large White × Landrace) ×Duroc], female, 2.5-month old, 35 ± 1.0 kg body weight)were divided into 4 groups (n = 10), and fed an Se-deficient basal diet (BD, Se˂ 0.05 mg/kg) or the BD + sodium selenite (SeNa), seleno-yeasts (SeY), or 2-hydroxy-4-methylselenobutanoic acid (SeO) at 0.3 mg Se/kg, respectively, for 3 months in the hot and humid summer of Wuhan, China. Growth performance, plasma and tissue Se content, selenoprotein expression, ER stress markers, and muscle quality were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to BD, all Se-supplemented diets improved feed utilization efficiency, with SeY and SeO exhibiting greater effects (7.89% and 11.28%, respectively) than SeNa (5.12%; P < 0.05). Additionally, SeY and SeO supplementation significantly reduced drip loss in longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle by 25.94% and 27.19%, respectively, relative to BD (P < 0.05). All three Se-supplemented diets enhanced plasma antioxidative capacity and the conversion of tetraiodothyronine (T4) into triiodothyronine (T3). Compared with BD, the protein levels of ER stress markers ATF4, ATF6, CHOP, GRP78, and P-eIF2α/eIF2α in SeY and SeO diets were reduced by 49.44% and 42.18% (P<0.05), 54.73% and 25.85% (P<0.05), 4.37% and 29.06% (P<0.05), 64.43% and 65.20% (P<0.01), and 19.27% and 44.18% (P<0.05), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dietary supplemental Se protected growing pigs against ER stress induced by environmental heat and humid. All three Se -supplemented diets improved the heat stress response, with organic forms (SeO and SeY) demonstrating relative advantages over SeNa in terms of feed utilization efficiency, pork quality, muscle fiber type composition, and glycolytic metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144369002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Biosafety of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D₃ Biofortified in Egg Yolk in Mice Fed Two Levels of Dietary Fat.","authors":"Keith J Ou, Jingjie Du, Guanchen Liu, Arjun Chapagain, Daniel A Nuccio, Pallavi Singh, Woo Kyun Kim, Young Min Kwon, Xin Gen Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitamin D inadequacy remains a public health concern, particularly in obese individuals. Biofortified eggs with 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ [25(OH)D₃] may increase intakes of the active metabolite of this nutrient by the public.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study determined efficacy, biosafety, and gut microbiome impact of 25(OH)D₃ biofortified in egg yolk compared with a synthetic form in mice fed a control or high-fat diet (HFD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Reg3b^+/- mice (n = 4 males + 4 females/group, 3-5 months old) were fed a control (CON) or HFD (12 or 60% kcal from fat) supplemented (per kg of diet) with 200 IU of 25(OH)D₃ from the control yolk (BAS), the BAS + 500 IU of 25(OH)D₃ from the synthetic form (SUP), or 700 IU of 25(OH)D₃ from the biofortified yolk (YOL) for 8 weeks. Body weight, plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D₃, osteocalcin, and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand, bone microtomography, bone-related genes and proteins, and colonic and fecal microbiome were examined. Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The HFD-YOL group had 33.4% (P < 0.01) and 39.2% (P < 0.001) higher plasma 25(OH)D₃ concentrations at week 8 than the HFD-SUP and CON-YOL groups, respectively. This elevation was associated with upregulated kidney mRNA levels of cytochrome P450 24A1 (Cyp24a1) and vitamin D receptor (Vdr). Both sources of 25(OH)D₃ unaltered body weights, blood glucose concentration, plasma alkaline phosphatase activity, plasma osteocalcin concentrations, or bone characteristics but altered (P < 0.05) fecal microbiome compositions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared with the synthetic form, 25(OH)D₃ in the biofortified yolk led to higher plasma 25(OH)D₃ concentrations in mice fed HFD. However, such efficacy in mice fed CON and impacts on fecal microbiome were similar between the two sources of 25(OH)D₃. Our finding suggests biosafety and nutritional relevance for future human study of this novel food source of 25(OH)D₃.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144369005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Calcium Intake in Relation to New-Onset Hypertension among Chinese Adults: A Comparative Prospective Cohort Study across Two Distinct Climate Zones Based on the CHNS.","authors":"Yaxuan Wang, Sirui Li, Xiaohan Zheng, Yunxiang Hu, Licheng Cheng, Yanjie Jia, Fan Wang, Hua Ning","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the association between dietary calcium intake and new-onset hypertension using data from 8,591 adults without hypertension at baseline in the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1997-2011), with stratified analyses by key demographic factors and climate type.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Demographic characteristics were assessed using chi-square tests and general linear models. Multivariate Cox regression models evaluated the association between dietary calcium intake quintiles and hypertension risk. Restricted cubic spline models were used to analyze dose-response relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A J-shaped relationship (nonlinear p < 0.05) was observed between calcium intake and new-onset hypertension, with the lowest risk at 550.588-646.353 mg/d (HR: 0.827; 95% CI: 0.734-0.933; p = 0.002). Age-stratified analyses showed distinct patterns: young adults (18-35 years) had lower risk at moderate intake but higher risks at extremes (nonlinear p < 0.001), while elderly (≥65 years) demonstrated increasing risk with higher intake (nonlinear p = 0.042). And climate-specific trends emerged: low calcium intake inversely correlated with hypertension in temperate monsoon regions, whereas high intake showed positive associations in subtropical monsoon climates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed a J-shaped association between dietary calcium intake and hypertension risk among Chinese adults, with climate- and age-related heterogeneity, underscoring the importance of precision nutrition in public health guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144369004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary branched-chain amino acids restriction in high-fat diet-induced obese mice: effects on metabolic homeostasis, adipose inflammation, and gut microbiota.","authors":"Lei Zhang, Ziyi Xu, Shuqi Qin, Rui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Numerous studies implicate a strong association between elevated circulating branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and obesity and related disorders. However, whether this association is causal, and if disrupted BCAA homeostasis can serve as a therapeutic target for obesity-related diseases remain to be established experimentally.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to explore the long-term effects of BCAAs restriction on lipid and glucose metabolism, adipose inflammation, and gut microbiota in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three-month-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups and received a semi-purified ingredient control diet, high-fat diet (HFD), or HFD with 50% BCAAs restriction for 24 weeks. Body weight, fasting serum BCAAs, glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and glucose tolerance were measured. Inflammation markers and macrophage infiltration in epididymal adipose tissue, as well as gut microbiota profiling were conducted. Differences between groups were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance or Wilcoxon rank-sum test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HFD feeding significantly increased circulating leucine, isoleucine, valine, and total BCAAs levels by 31%, 27%, 19%, and 25%, respectively, compared with the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the HFD group, dietary BCAA restriction significantly decreased circulating leucine, isoleucine, and total BCAAs levels by 21%, 17%, and 16%, respectively (P<0.05). However, this reduction was not sufficient to improve glucose and lipid homeostasis, except for a significant 20% reduction in serum LDL levels (P<0.05). Additionally, BCAA restriction failed to decrease white adipose tissue mass index or alleviate epididymal adipose tissue inflammation HFD-fed mice. Interestingly, BCAAs restriction ameliorated HFD-induced gut microbiota disorder by downregulating the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (P<0.05) and reducing the relative abundance of obesity-linked bacteria, such as Lactococcus and Oscillibacter (P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Collectively, the results suggest that although BCAA restriction may have limited benefits on HFD-induced obesity and metabolic disorders in mice, it improves gut microbiota dysbiosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144369003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broccoli consumption alters microbial diversity, metatranscriptome and host transcriptome in mice fed a Total Western Diet.","authors":"Elizabeth A Pletsch, Allen D Smith, Jack S Ragonese, Adrienne B Narrowe, Lumei Cheung, Celine T Chen, Thomas T Y Wang, Harry D Dawson","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cruciferous vegetables (CV) are a source of dietary fiber and phytochemicals that alter the microbiome in animals and humans. Constituent CV compounds, such as glucosinolates, have demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties in animal models, though often using doses and basal diets that are not relevant to humans. The mechanism(s) are unclear, but the gut microbiota may metabolize these compounds into bioactive molecules that influence immune pathways.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated the effects of a broccoli powder-supplemented Total Western Diet (TWD) on changes in the gut microbiome, the host transcriptome and the metatranscriptome at levels relevant to the human diet to understand how these changes affect metabolic and immune functions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>C57BL/6 male mice (n = 40) were fed a TWD control diet for six weeks followed by supplementation with 0, 0.5, 1 or 2.5% broccoli powder (BP) (reflecting a human intake from ¼ -1 cup per day) for three weeks. Microbial communities from cecal contents were taxonomically profiled using 16S rRNA amplicon and shotgun metagenomic sequencing, and metatranscriptomics was used to assess functionality of the microbial communities. The host cecal transcriptome was also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Beta diversity was significantly higher (p = 1.20E-03) for mice fed the 2.5% BP diet compared to the control group at the species level. Lachnospiraceae MD335 was significantly more abundant in mice fed higher levels of broccoli, and analysis of bacterial RNA transcripts indicated a dose-dependent increase in transcription of genes associated with butyrate and acetate production, plant cell wall degradation and carbohydrate utilization. Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway in the cecum was evident.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Consumption of a broccoli-supplemented TWD induces changes in the gut microbiome, host and microbial gene expression that affect immune health and inflammation in the gut at levels that are achievable in the human diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Energy Density and Eating Rate on Ad Libitum Energy Intake in healthy adults - A Randomized Controlled Study.","authors":"M P Lasschuijt, L A J Heuven, K Gonzalez-Estanol, E Siebelink, Y Chen, C G Forde","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The extent to which energy density (ED) and eating rate (ER) interact in their effect on energy intake of meals remains unknown. The aim was to determine the independent and combined effects of ED and ER on ad-libitum food and energy intake and to compare to a control meal (medium ED and ER). We hypothesized that lower ED/slower ER would decrease intake and higher ED/faster ER would increase intake, relative to control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a 2x2 randomized cross-over design with a medium-control condition. Participants (n=69, age 25 ± 5 y (mean ± SD), BMI 23 ± 4 kg/m²) joined 5-lunchtime meal sessions during which they were served ad libitum sandwiches (67-98 EN% Ultra-processed ingredients) that varied in ER (slow, fast) and ED low (1.9 kcal/g), or high (3.8 kcal/g). The control meal was a 'typical-lunch' sandwich with medium ED (2.9 kcal/g), average ER. Main outcomes were food(gram) and energy intake(kcal).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a significant ED*ER interaction effect on energy intake (F _(1,272)=5.2, p=0.024). Energy intake of the slow-ER/low-ED meal (Mean 570 kcal (95%CI: 442, 698) was 573 kcal (50%) lower compared to the fast-ER/high-ED meal (1143 kcal (1015, 1271)). Compared to control, a slow-ER and low-ED reduced energy-intake by 59% (Mean Δ of 394 kcal (480,308)) and a fast-ER/high-ED increased energy intake by 19% (Δ 179 kcal (94,265)).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results emphasize that ED and ER can moderate ad-libitum energy intake. These findings highlight the importance of combined nutrition and sensory strategies to moderate caloric intake from (ultra-processed) meals.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinical Trial registry(NCT05659771), https://www.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrials: </strong>gov. Data is available upon request.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144293967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Diet Quality and BMI as Predictors of Human Milk C-Reactive Protein Levels.","authors":"Hatice Cetinkaya, Nicholas J Ollberding, Suzanne S Summer, Nathan A Meredith, Sarah D Maria, Ardythe L Morrow, Laurie A Nommsen-Rivers","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Little is known regarding joint associations of maternal diet quality and adiposity in relation to milk levels of inflammatory markers.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We evaluated if maternal diet quality and prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) predict C-Reactive Protein (CRP) concentration in human milk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used Cincinnati data from GEHM, a prospective cohort of healthy mother-infant dyads (n=100). We computed a Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) from diet recalls obtained 4-13 weeks postpartum, where higher score indicates a more proinflammatory diet. CRP levels in week 4 milk samples were measured after validating a high-sensitivity ELISA kit. Participants were categorized into low and high DII groups at the median and BMI groups defined as normal (<25 kg/m²) or elevated (>25 kg/m²). The associations of categorical DII score and BMI with milk CRP concentrations were tested using linear regression. Then, we compared milk CRP levels across 4 combinations of DII×BMI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median [Q1, Q3] values were as follows: DII, 0.13 [-1.54, 1.27]; BMI, 25.4 [22.8, 30.4] kg/m²; and milk CRP, 101.7 [54.8, 172.3] ng/mL. Across the four DII×BMI groups, milk CRP was significantly different (p=0.009) but there was no significant difference in maternal age, education, or ethnicity. Having BMI≥25 kg/m² was associated with higher milk CRP concentrations versus BMI<25 kg/m² (β±SE: 96.19±27.23 ng/mL; p=0.0006), while the main effect of DII was not statistically significant. The DII×BMI interaction was significant: BMI predicted milk CRP levels only when DII was low. Women with low DII/normal BMI had lower CRP levels (n=30, 64.3 [38.2, 121.4] ng/mL) compared to the other three groups combined (n=70, 124.1 [71.2, 181] ng/mL, p=0.019).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Diet modifies the relation between maternal BMI and milk CRP. The study of milk cytokines and other bioactive compounds should include measures of diet quality, when feasible, in addition to maternal adiposity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144293966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZIP Family Zinc Transporters: Emerging Players in Pancreatic β Cell Function and Insulin Regulation.","authors":"Samuel Blake Mitchell, Tolunay Beker Aydemir","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Zinc is an essential micronutrient with diverse catalytic, structural, and regulatory roles across various life forms. Its essentiality for human health was recognized in the 1960s, but advancements in understanding the functions of zinc at the tissue, cell, and subcellular levels have accelerated, particularly with the identification of zinc transporters. Zinc homeostasis is primarily facilitated by two families of transporters, the SLC30A/ZNT (zinc transporters) and SLC39A/ZIP (Zrt-Irt-Like Proteins). Among these, the ZNT family transporter ZNT8 has been well-studied for its involvement in insulin production, secretion, and the viability of pancreatic β cells. However, the roles of ZIP family transporters in β cell insulin-related functions remain less explored. There have been studies implicating regulatory roles of ZIP4, ZIP5, ZIP6, and ZIP7 in β cells and emerging evidence for the involvement of ZIP8 and ZIP14 in β cell function. Despite these insights, the limited number of studies on ZIP family transporters highlights the need to consolidate existing literature to identify gaps and establish targeted, comprehensive research approaches that can further elucidate their critical roles in cellular zinc homeostasis and insulin metabolism. In this review, we first address the role of zinc in insulin production, secretion, and action. Second, we discuss the known ZIP transporters that potentially facilitate zinc delivery to specific cell compartments, focusing on literature addressing zinc and zinc transporters specifically relevant to insulin and glucose metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144293968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}