Journal of Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Associations of pesticide residue exposure from fruit and vegetable intake with ovarian reserve.","authors":"Maryam Kazemi, Yu-Han Chiu, Makiko Mitsunami, Lidia Mínguez-Alarcón, Russ Hauser, Irene Souter, Jorge Chavarro","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We previously reported that the intake of fruits and vegetables (FV) known to have high pesticide contamination in the US food supply is related to lower sperm counts. Whether the same is true for ovarian reserve is unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 633 females, 21-45 years, presenting to an academic fertility center. We combined surveillance data from the US Department of Agriculture and self-reported food intake data to characterize exposure to pesticide residues through FV intake. Poisson and linear regression were used to evaluate associations of high-pesticide residue, low-pesticide residue, and total FV intake with markers of ovarian reserve (antral follicle count [AFC], follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH], anti-Müllerian hormone [AMH]) adjusting for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no association of FV intake, overall or according to pesticide residue status, with day 3 FSH or AMH concentrations in multivariable-adjusted models. Regardless of pesticide residue status, FV intake was inversely related to AFC in these models. This pattern was magnified among females who had had a fertility evaluation before joining the study (n=508). Among females who had not had a fertility evaluation before joining the study (n=103), however, there were diverging patterns of association for high- and low-pesticide residue FV intake and markers of ovarian reserve. In this group, day-3 FSH was 71.6% (95%CI: 39.5%, 111.2%) higher among females in the highest quintile of high pesticide residue FV intake than among females in the lowest quintile (p-trend<0.001). Low pesticide residue and total FV intake were unrelated to day 3 FSH in this group, with differences between top and bottom quintile of intake of -8.3% (-25.8%, 13.3%) and 7.5% (-13.8%, 34.0%), respectively.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>High pesticide residue FV intake may be related to lower ovarian reserve among females without a history of infertility treatment. Replication in populations with larger sample sizes and less susceptible to reverse causation is important.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal plasma choline levels are positively correlated with maternal and placental phospholipid-DHA content in females with obesity who receive DHA supplementation.","authors":"E C Francis, J H Dumolt, K Zemski-Berry, T Jansson, T L Powell","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pregnancies complicated by maternal obesity are characterized by metabolic differences affecting placental nutrient transport and fetal development. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is critical for fetal brain development and is primarily incorporated into phosphatidylcholine (PC). Recent evidence suggests choline may enhance PC-DHA synthesis; however, data on the impact of maternal plasma choline on placental phospholipid DHA content in females with obesity are limited. We conducted a secondary analysis of a DHA supplementation trial (800 mg/d) in 38 pregnant females with obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m²). Blood samples at 36 weeks' gestation and term placentas were analyzed for phospholipids using mass spectrometry. Choline transporter-like (CLT) proteins in the syncytiotrophoblast microvillous (MVM) and basal (BM) plasma membranes were quantified by Western Blot. Daily DHA supplementation from 25 weeks' gestation was associated with higher maternal plasma and placental PC- and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)-DHA. A significant interaction (P interaction <0.05) between DHA supplementation and choline indicated that higher choline enhanced the incorporation of DHA into plasma PC. MVM CTL-1 expression was correlated with placental total PC-DHA and LPC-DHA content, suggesting that CTL-1 has a predominate role in placental choline uptake and phospholipid synthesis. These findings suggest that choline may influence maternal PC- and LPC-DHA synthesis and plasma levels, as well as the expression of placental choline transporters and the resulting PC- and LPC-DHA content in females with obesity. These relationships may have implications for DHA transport to the fetus and overall fetal development.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concordance Between Hemoglobin and Hematocrit Among Children and Pregnant Persons in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data, 1999-2020.","authors":"Maren E Wolf, Maria Elena D Jefferds, Lisa D Gardner, Zuguo Mei, Christine M Pfeiffer, O Yaw Addo","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hemoglobin and hematocrit are the two most common biomarkers used to identify anemia in clinical settings, but their results do not always agree.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine agreement between hemoglobin and hematocrit in identifying anemia among children aged 1-<5 years and pregnant persons.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pregnant persons and children aged 1-<5 years with hemoglobin and hematocrit results from the same whole blood sample in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES,1999-2020) were included. We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) anemia cutoff values for children, pregnancy status, trimester, and smoking adjustments. We examined concordance of anemia, sensitivity, and specificity among those with anemia based on at least one test overall and by race/ethnicity, sex, and income level. Cohen's kappa was used to measure concordance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analytic samples included 7,052 children and 1,437 pregnant persons, of which 1,119 had trimester data. Among children, anemia prevalence was 3.7% (95% CI: 3.1-4.3) based on hemoglobin and 5.5% (95% CI: 4.7-6.3) based on hematocrit. Among pregnant persons, anemia prevalence based on hemoglobin was 7.7% (95% CI: 5.9-9.5) and 12.4% (95% CI: 10.1-14.6) based on hematocrit. Kappa scores overall and by sociodemographic characteristics ranged from 0.64-0.75 (moderate concordance) among children and 0.53-0.78 (weak to moderate concordance) among pregnant persons. Among those with anemia on at least one test, 53.5% of children and 61.5% of pregnant persons had anemia based on both tests.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found substantial discordance between the two biomarkers; about 50% of children and 40% of pregnant women were identified by only one of the two biomarkers. Because hemoglobin and hematocrit may be used interchangeably in the clinical setting, individuals with anemia may be missed, not receive treatment, and therefore be at higher risk of adverse pregnancy, birth, and developmental outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of RFC G80A Polymorphism with Lung Cancer Susceptibility in a Hypertensive Population: A Nested Case-Control Study.","authors":"Qiangqiang He, Yaping Wei, Hehao Zhu, Yun Song, Ping Chen, Qing Dong, Hai Ma, Binyan Wang, Yan Zhang, Jianping Li, Yong Huo, Hanping Shi, Yuhan Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polymorphisms of the folate-associated one-carbon metabolism (OCM) pathway genes may regulate certain susceptibilities to cancer. G80A, a polymorphism in the reduced folate carrier (RFC) gene, may be associated with cancer risk, although the results obtained from previous studies have been inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study aimed to evaluate the association of G80A with lung cancer among a Chinese population, and to examine the potential effect modifiers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nested, case-control study was performed in a population from the China H-type Hypertension Registry Study (CHHRS), in which 492 cases of lung cancer incidence and 1:1 matched controls were enrolled. RFC G80A variants were genotyped, and a series of metabolites in the OCM metabolic pathway were detected. Conditional logistic regression was used to model the association between this variant and lung cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for potential confounders, compared with GG carriers, AG carriers showed a trend of increased lung cancer risk [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.37; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.97-1.94], and AA carriers showed a significantly increased risk (adjusted OR:1.86; 95% CI: 1.16-2.97; P = 0.010, P for trend=0.009). In subsequent stratification analyses, a significant interaction effect from the pronounced risk-enhancing effect of the 80AA/GG genotypes was observed in participants with lower baseline serum methionine levels (<4.6 μg/mL, adjusted OR:2.63; 95% CI: 1.40-4.96, compared with ≥4.6 μg/mL, adjusted OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.82-1.66; P for interaction=0.030).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Taken together, these findings suggest that RFC G80A may influence the susceptibility of lung cancer and may also be a potential biomarker for lung cancer prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Three Different Daily Protein Intakes in a Two-Meal Eating Pattern on Protein Turnover in Middle Age and Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"David D Church, Katie R Hirsch, Shiloah A Kviatkovsky, Joseph J Matthews, Reino A Henderson, Gohar Azhar, Robert R Wolfe, Arny A Ferrando","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reduced meal frequency patterns have become popular for weight loss, maintenance, and improving cardiometabolic health. The extended fasting windows with these dietary patterns could lead to greater protein breakdown, which is a concern for middle-age and older adults who may need higher protein intakes to maintain or increase net protein balance.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to quantify muscle and whole-body protein kinetic responses to three different daily protein intakes within a two-meal eating pattern.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty participants (age: 61 ± 6 years, body mass index: 26.5 ± 4.8 kg/m²) participated in this 24-hour metabolic study using oral stable isotope tracer techniques and were randomized to one of three protein intakes: 1) recommended dietary allowance (RDA): 0.8 g/kg/day; 2) habitual US intake: 1.1g/kg/day; or 3) ≈2RDA: 1.5g/kg/day distributed across two meals, consumed within a 9-hour window.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Whole-body net protein balance was significantly higher for 1.5g/kg/day compared with 0.8 g/kg/day (mean difference: 0.55 g/kg LBM/d; 95%CI: 0.17 to 0.93 g/kg LBM/d; p=0.004) and 1.1g/kg/day (mean difference: 0.6 g/kg LBM/d; 95%CI: 0.23 to 0.97 g/kg LBM/d; p=0.001), with no difference between 0.8 and 1.1g/kg/day (mean difference: 0.05 g/kg LBM/d; 95%CI: -0.31 to 0.40 g/kg LBM/d; p = 0.936). Muscle protein synthesis was not significantly different between any groups (p = 0.388).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within a two-meal eating pattern, a protein intake of 1.5 g/kg/day led to more positive whole-body net protein balance than intakes of 0.8 and 1.1 g/kg/day in middle age and older adults.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04830514.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Premeal Pistachio Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Asian Indian Adults with Prediabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Karthikeyan Ashwini, Kuzhandhaivelu Abirami, Rajagopal Gayathri, Sekar Sasikala, Vasudevan Sudha, Shanmugam Shobana, Raman Ganesh Jeevan, Kamala Krishnaswamy, Vadivelu Deepika, Marimuthu Rajalakshmi, Mookambika Ramya Bai R, Karthikeyan Parkavi, Soundarajan Padmavathi, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Ranjit Unnikrishnan, Frank B Hu, Walter C Willett, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Shilpa N Bhupathiraju, Viswanathan Mohan","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asian Indians are susceptible to developing type 2 diabetes at a lower age and often consume diets that are high in glycemic load and low in healthy fats.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 30 g prebreakfast and 30 g predinner supplementation of pistachios for 12 wk on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), other glycemic markers, anthropometry, and lipid profile of Asian Indians with prediabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a 12-wk parallel arm, randomized controlled trial, we recruited 120 participants with prediabetes based on American Diabetes Association criteria. The intervention group (n = 60) consumed 60 g pistachios (30 g prebreakfast and predinner) whereas the control group (n = 60) followed a routine diet that excluded nuts. At baseline and 12 wk, we collected blood samples for biochemical analysis, anthropometrics, and 24-h recalls. Participants wore a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensor during the trial's first and last 2 wk. Urinary N-methyl-trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline (MHP) was measured as a marker of pistachio consumption.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 109 participants completed the study (follow-up rate = 90.8%). Compared with participants in the control group, those in the intervention group had significant reductions in HbA1c (mean between-group difference: -0.2; 95% confidence interval: -0.3, -0.1; P < 0.001] with no significant changes in fasting or 2-h post glucose load plasma glucose. Compared with the control group, the intervention group had significant reductions in serum triglyceride, waist circumference, lipid accumulation product, visceral adiposity index, and atherogenic index. Urinary MHP (mg/g creatinine) showed a 62% increase in the intervention compared with the control group (P < 0.05). CGM data revealed significant decreases in the incremental area under the curve, 2-h after breakfast (28%, p=0.01) and after dinner (17%, P = 0.002) in the intervention group compared to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A 12-wk, premeal load of 60 g pistachios lowers HbA1c and improves cardiometabolic profile among Asian Indians with prediabetes. This is among the first studies to investigate these effects in this ethnic group. This study was registered in the Clinical Trial Registry of India as CTRI/2020/11/029340.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High water iodine levels are associated with the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism, thyroid nodules and goiter among pregnant women in Shandong, China.","authors":"Zhiyuan Ren, Wenxing Guo, Junjing Li, Yuangui Cheng, Wen Jiang, Wei Wang, Min Gao, Wen Wu, Ziyun Pan, Ying Yang, Elizabeth N Pearce, Shuyao Dong, Chongdan Wang, WanQi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Both iodine deficiency and iodine excess can harm the thyroid glands during pregnancy. In areas without iodine fortification, the relationship between the water iodine concentration (WIC) and thyroid disease in pregnant women requires further investigation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between water iodine levels and the prevalence of thyroid disease in pregnant women residing in areas with high water iodine levels without access to iodized salt.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Shandong Province. Water and urine samples were collected, and the iodine content was assessed. Venous blood samples were taken to measure thyroid hormones and antibodies. Ultrasound was used to assess thyroid size and detect nodules.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1073 pregnant women were included in this study. As the WIC increased, the urinary iodine concentration also increased, according to linear regression analysis (β=0.5; P<0.001). The lowest prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) and thyroid dysfunction (TD) was observed at a WIC of 10-40 μg/L, while the lowest prevalence of thyroid nodules (TN) and goiter was seen at a WIC of 40-100 μg/L. Logistic regression analysis showed that WIC was significantly associated with thyroid diseases. WIC<10 μg/L was associated with TD prevalence (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.1, 3.1), and WIC>100 μg/L was associated with SH, TN, and goiter prevalence (OR [SH]: 10.8; 95% CI: 1.4, 84.0; OR [TN]: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.1, 5.6; OR [goiter]: 2.4; 95% CI: 1.1, 5.6).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>WIC is associated with thyroid function among pregnant women. WIC<10 μg/L is a risk factor for TD, while WIC>100 μg/L is a risk factor for SH, TN, and goiter. These findings suggest that intermediate WICs are most conducive to thyroid health in pregnant women, and that assessing local WICs could help improve maternal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to introduction of iron-rich solid foods recommendations for infants: an analysis of Canadian Community Health Survey data using cycles 2015-2018.","authors":"Hope A Weiler, Marcia Cooper, Jesse Bertinato, Kathryn E Hopperton, Jennifer McCrea, Huma Rana, Yvette Bonvalot, Lidia Loukine, Carley Nicholson, Shawn Brule","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, guidelines on the introduction of solid foods to a breastfed infant's diet emphasize the importance of iron-rich foods.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to report on adherence to Nutrition for Healthy Term Infants (NHTI) guidance on introduction of iron-rich solid foods first in infants living in Canada; and to explore factors associated with adherence using disaggregated data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nationally representative cross-sectional data from the Canadian Community Health Survey annual cycles 2015-2018 from biological mothers delivering an infant in the past 5 years were used (n=7253). Age at introduction of solid food and the type of first food were weighted, then categorized by breastfeeding history. Foods were categorized as typically iron-rich or not. Correlates of adherence were explored using logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most (65.8%, 95%CI: 63.7, 67.8) mothers introduced iron-rich solids first to their infant's diet between 5 and 6.99 months of age. The most common first iron-rich solid was infant cereal (66.1%, 95%CI: 64.3, 67.9). Mothers from rural areas had a higher odds of introducing an iron-rich food first. Lower odds were observed among those from the Western provinces and immigrants. Among those who exclusively breastfed for ≥5 months (n=3390), 62.3% (95%CI: 59.5, 65.1) introduced an iron-rich solid food first, of these 19.7% (95%CI: 16.9, 22.6) do so late (≥7 months). Higher odds of late introduction of iron-rich foods in this subgroup were associated with mothers who were single, never married, of lower education, immigrated >5 years ago, Black or South Asian race.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most infants in Canada are introduced to an iron-rich solid food first at about 6 months of age, indicating partial adherence to the NHTI guidelines. More efforts are needed to reinforce the importance of introducing iron-rich solid foods first in the diet of the breastfed infant at about 6 months of age.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel lipid emulsion supports positive outcomes in piglets receiving total parenteral nutrition.","authors":"Philip C Calder","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trideoxycytidine diphosphate promotes neural stem cell proliferation and neurogenesis in mice.","authors":"Takahiro Ishimoto, Fuyu Hayashi, Yuya Yamamoto, Keisuke Kiriyama, Reiya Yamashita, Naoto Matsumura, Takumi Nishiuchi, Yusuke Masuo, Mica Fujita, Keita Sutoh, Yukio Kato","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.12.021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Food-derived nucleic acids exhibit various biological activities and may act as nutrients. Oral ingestion of the nucleic acid fraction (NAF) of salmon milt extract hydrolysates enhances cognitive function in mice although their active ingredients have not yet been identified, and detailed mechanisms of action are unknown.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify active ingredients enhancing cognitive function contained in the NAF and its possible underlying mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Since the NAF is rich in trinucleotides, proliferative effects of all 64 types of trideoxyribonucleotides were examined in primary cultured neural stem cells (pcNSCs). The active trideoxyribonucleotide was administered intrahippocampally (5 μg) in seven-week-old male ICR mice (n = 4-6) or orally (1 mg) three times a week for two weeks in six-week-old male ICR mice (n = 5), followed by evaluating neurogenesis and cognitive function by immunohistochemical analysis and spatial recognition test, respectively. The mechanism of action was examined by proteomic analysis of trideoxyribonucleotide-treated pcNSCs using the software DAVID, followed by western blot analysis in pcNSCs and hippocampus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among all trideoxyribonucleotides, only trideoxycytidine diphosphate (CCC) significantly promoted NSC proliferation (P < 0.05), whereas exposure to putative metabolites of CCC did not affect the proliferation. Intrahippocampal or oral CCC administration in mice increased doublecortin-positive cells in hippocampus (P < 0.05) and enhanced spatial memory (P < 0.05). Proteomic analysis revealed significant alterations in expression of PI3K-Akt signaling-related proteins, including eEF1A2 (P < 0.05). Intrahippocampal CCC administration significantly increased the Akt phosphorylation (p-Akt/Akt) (P < 0.05), which was abolished with the PI3K-Akt inhibitor, LY294002 (P < 0.05). CCC exposure increased p-Akt/Akt (P < 0.05) in pcNSCs, whereas LY294002 or small interfering RNA for eef1a2 suppressed CCC-induced increase in p-Akt/Akt (P < 0.05) and cell proliferation (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A simple food-derived structural molecule CCC promotes NSC proliferation through eEF1A2/PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, thereby enhancing neurogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}