Journal of Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Nonfat milk supplementation mitigates hepatic lipid accumulation and improves hepatic lipid metabolism in an early metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) C57BL/6N mouse model.","authors":"Emily Berg, Salma Moftah, Emad Yuzbashian, Catherine B Chan","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dairy products may mitigate metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) progression but the role of dairy fat is unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This animal trial compares MASLD-related outcomes after feeding non- (NFM) or whole-fat milk (WFM) in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced MASLD mouse model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male C57Bl/6N mice were fed a HFD (45% kcal fat; n=40) for 9 wk. During the last 8 wk, 2 randomly-selected groups additionally consumed 0.425 mL NFM (0 g% fat; n=8) or WFM (3.25 g% fat; n=12), from a small dish, 5 d/wk. A low-fat diet (LFD) group (10% kcal fat; n=20) served as a reference. The metabolic phenotype and liver lipid metabolism pathways were studied and compared by one-way ANOVA; p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NFM reduced body weight (BW) gain (46±2.5 vs 61±3.5 %BW, p <0.01) and hepatic triglyceride (TG) content (46.0±10.4 vs 71.7±14.4 mg/g, p <0.05) compared with HFD. Immunoblotting revealed that NFM feeding increased hepatic mitochondrial complex abundance (p < 0.05) compared with WFM. Compared with NFM, WFM had higher triglyceride content (69.2±16.5 vs 46.0±10.4 mg/g, p < 0.05) but reduced liver area covered by lipid droplets in comparsion to HFD (6.49±2.75 vs 13.61±2.75 % standard area, p = 0.051). De novo lipogenesis enzymes, fatty acid synthase (1.33±0.56 vs 0.76±0.56 AU, p < 0.05) and phosphorylated acetyl-CoA carboxylase (1.65±0.49 vs 0.02±0.49 AU, p < 0.05) were increased compared with NFM. Carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1α (1.48±0.19 vs 1.00±0.19 AU, p < 0.05) was increased in WFM compared to HFD animals and Opa1 mRNA expression was increased in WFM (1.26±0.21 vs 0.66±0.21 AU, p < 0.05) versus the NFM group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared with WFM, NFM mice had greater benefits on mitigating MASLD progression through increased capacity for oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid export, leading to reduced hepatic fat accumulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Prediction of Postprandial Glycemic Response and Personalized Dietary Interventions Based on Machine Learning.","authors":"Shihan Wang, Shuoning Song, Junxiang Gao, Weiming Wu, Yong Fu, Tao Yuan, Weigang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective interventions to manage postprandial glycemia are critical, as postprandial glycemic response (PPGR) is strongly linked to cardiovascular and metabolic disease. Considering the interindividual variability in PPGR, the widespread application of dietary interventions has led to an increasing recognition that a universal, one-size-fits-all approach to dietary intervention is far from ideal. This highlights the need for personalized nutrition plans. In this context, we explored the potential benefits of leveraging machine learning (ML) to predict PPGR and guide personalized dietary interventions. We also critically examined the limitations of current approaches and outlined promising future directions for advancing this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Reporting of \"What We Eat in America\" Nutrient Intake Data in the Scientific Literature: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Kelly M Kogan, Anna W Waller, M Kathy Hoy, Sara B Crawford, Alexandra E Cowan-Pyle, Diane C Mitchell, Whitney J Mohr, Margaret J Foster, Regan L Bailey, Alanna J Moshfegh","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The U.S. national dietary surveillance program, What We Eat in America (WWEIA), National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES), quantifies intake of nutrients, food, and other components across ages and life stages for the non-institutionalized population of the United States. The use of this continuously collected, nationally representative, publicly available data has never been quantified.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the extent to which nutrient data from WWEIA, NHANES are reported in the peer-reviewed, scientific literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Scientific studies were identified using searches in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Inclusion criteria required studies to be peer-reviewed, published in English between 2013 and 2023, and report one or more nutrients using WWEIA, NHANES data from any cycle of the continuous NHANES (1999-2020). Screening and data extraction were conducted by two independent reviewers, with conflict resolution by a third reviewer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 12,589 screened studies, 2,203 met the inclusion criteria. The number of included studies by publication year increased nearly fourfold over the study period and were authored by researchers located in 60 countries. The most frequently reported nutrients were energy (n=1,724; 78%), total saturated fatty acids (n=918; 42%), sodium (n=828; 38%), protein (n=748; 34%), total polyunsaturated fatty acids (n=745; 34%), total monounsaturated fatty acids (n=702; 32%), dietary fiber (n=707; 32%), total fat (n=682; 31%), and carbohydrates (n=598; 27%). Fifty-seven percent of studies (n=1,266) reported at least one mineral, and 35% (n=771) at least one vitamin. Nearly one-third of studies used one of 38 unique dietary indices (n=677; 31%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of WWEIA, NHANES data in the scientific literature is prominent, and has grown over time. The widespread use of this national dietary surveillance data demonstrates its importance for continued nutrition research, surveillance, and policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole White Beans and White Bean Pasta Exhibit High Iron Bioavailability Relative to Whole Black Beans and Black Bean Pasta: Studies in Caco-2 Cells and Poultry.","authors":"Raymond P Glahn, Jason Wiesinger, Sharon Hooper, Kevin Howe, Karen Cichy","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bean seed coat flavonoids are known to profoundly influence iron bioavailability from beans and bean flour products. Effects of bean flavonoids on iron bioavailability in a diet where beans are a major ingredient are not well known.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare Fe bioavailability from diets containing 42% whole white or whole black beans; and from diets containing 42% white bean pasta or black bean pasta, where bean cotyledon cell walls are disrupted due to the pasta making process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four diets were formulated, each containing 42% white beans, white bean pasta, black beans or black bean pasta. Diets were designed to be similar to a human school lunch meal. The diets were evaluated using the Caco-2 cell bioassay and poultry(n=15 male birds/diet) models for human Fe bioavailability. Equal amounts were fed for 6 weeks with weekly monitoring of iron status, body weight, food consumption. Fecal iron retention (24 hr) was measured at 5 weeks. Results analyzed via ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>White bean pasta had the highest Fe bioavailability, followed closely by white beans, as indicated via significant increases in hemoglobin, from baseline of 80 to greater than 115 g/L (p<0.05) . Black beans and black bean pasta were very low in Fe bioavailability, as indicated via no change in hemoglobin from the baseline (80 g/L). Fecal balance studies showed that animals consuming black beans and black bean pasta retained Fe but did not incorporate Fe into hemoglobin formation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The absence of bean seed coat flavonoids that inhibit Fe bioavailability allowed for high Fe bioavailability. Breakage of the cotyledon cell walls via the pasta making process released additional bioavailable Fe in the absence of inhibitory seed coat flavonoids. Seed coat flavonoids found in the whole black beans and black bean pasta, profoundly inhibit the nutritional quality of Fe in the diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shiitake mushroom as a wholefood supplementation in a Western diet modulates the gut microbiome, serotonergic system and Wnt-signaling to promote gut health in mice.","authors":"Yingxue Guan, Cheng Wang, Huawei Zeng, Matthew D Moore, Zhenhua Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A Western-style diet (WD), typically high in fat and low in fiber and certain micronutrients, has been linked to a range of chronic diseases through its impact on gut health. Mushrooms exhibit a distinct nutritional profile that complements the deficiencies commonly associated with a WD.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study explored the potential of shiitake mushrooms as a wholefood supplement in WD to improve its quality and gut health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male C57BL/6 mice (n=12/group) were divided into three dietary groups for 12 weeks: low-fat diet (LF, 10% kcal from fat), high-fat diet (HF, 45% kcal from fat), and high-fat diet with 5% shiitake mushroom powder (HFM). Feces, blood, and colonic samples were collected at the end of the study for microbiome and molecular analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that the HF increased the body weight while the shiitake mushroom supplementation attenuated the effect (p < 0.05). The HFM reshaped the gut microbiome, notably with increased abundance of Akkermansia, Lactococcus, and Turicibacter, which are reportedly beneficial to support gut health (p < 0.01). The shiitake mushroom also altered the gut serotonergic system (p < 0.05), whose implication in gut health merits further research. The HFM group exhibited reduced Wnt-signaling, as indicated by reduced active β-catenin, as well as downstream genes including Cyclin D1, c-Myc and Axin2, which were otherwise elevated by high-fat diet (p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given the crucial roles of both the gut serotonergic system and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in maintaining gut function and health, these findings suggest that incorporating shiitake mushrooms into WD could serve as a promising Food-Is-Medicine strategy to enhance gut health and address related health conditions associated with the industrialized lifestyle.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The amount of dietary methionine required to maximize synthesis of transmethylated products is higher than that needed for protein synthesis in neonatal piglets.","authors":"Mahesha U Asiriwardhana, Janet A Brunton, Robert F Bertolo","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Methionine is required for synthesizing protein and other critical metabolites, acting as a precursor for >50 transmethylation reactions to produce metabolites such as creatine, phosphatidylcholine (PC), and methylated DNA. In neonatal piglets, because only one-third of dietary methionine is incorporated into protein compared to two-thirds for methylated products, both protein and non-protein demands need to be considered when determining the methionine requirement.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our major objective was to quantify how much dietary methionine is required to maximize protein synthesis and key transmethylated products (creatine, PC, methylated DNA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty surgically altered Yucatan miniature piglets (8 ± 2 d) were fed complete diets for 5 d and then randomized to 20 test diets with methionine intakes ranging from 20%-220% of requirement (0.32 - 3.55 g methionine/100 g total AAs). Stable isotopes of phenylalanine and tyrosine were administered to determine whole-body protein synthesis. [³H-methyl]-methionine was infused to measure methyl incorporation into transmethylated products, and ³H-phenylalanine flooding dose was given to measure tissue-specific protein synthesis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Break-point analysis indicated a whole-body requirement of 1.73 ± 0.27 g methionine/100 g total AAs. [³H-methyl] incorporation into PC increased linearly with dietary methionine, while hepatic creatine synthesis maximized at 1.84 ± 0.22 g methionine/100 g total AAs. DNA methylation rate was maximized at 1.52 ± 0.38 g methionine/100 g total AAs. Plasma concentrations of homocysteine were positively correlated with dietary methionine levels. These data suggest that DNA methylation is prioritized over hepatic creatine synthesis, while PC synthesis continuously increases with methionine intake with no discernible maximum rate. When methionine intake was limited, liver protein synthesis was prioritized, followed by kidney and muscle protein synthesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data suggest that protein synthesis should not be used to determine whole-body requirements since more methionine is required to meet non-protein demands for methionine.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interrogating Theories and Mechanisms Underlying Educational Inequities in Diet Quality.","authors":"Dana Lee Olstad, Lynn McIntyre","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Educational inequities in diet quality are large and growing in several nations. However, there is limited understanding of theories and mechanisms through which educational attainment shapes diet quality. The purpose of this critical review is to interrogate the empirical support for theories and mechanisms underlying educational attainment as a structural stratifier of dietary inequities in high-income countries. Relevant studies were identified through searches in PubMed and Google Scholar using keywords related to educational attainment, inequities, diet quality, nutrition, theory, mechanisms, health, and mortality. The evidence was qualitatively synthesized to identify key theories and mechanisms relevant to educational inequities in diet quality. We identified 7 theoretical perspectives that are commonly invoked to explain educational inequities in health-related outcomes that are relevant to diet quality, including: fundamental cause theory, human capital theory, signaling theory, commodity theory, resource substitution theory, resource multiplication theory, and the psychosocial hypothesis. We also identified 5 categories of mediating mechanisms that might underlie educational inequities in diet quality, including 1) individual knowledge, cognitive and noncognitive skills and traits, and sense of personal control; 2) psychosocial factors; 3) economic and employment resources; 4) socioeconomic, political, and historical contexts; and 5) social distinction. We identify and describe 7 key theories and 5 major mechanisms that may contribute to educational inequities in diet quality. These theories and mechanisms are not mutually exclusive and are likely all implicated in educational inequities in diet quality to some extent. However, their relative importance differs depending on the time, population, and setting in which they are studied. Given the paucity of studies that have examined theories and mechanisms underlying educational inequities in diet quality, we hope this article will stimulate research to uncover these pathways and that such studies will extend beyond economic and knowledge-related mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iodine inadequacy is prevalent and has continuously increased from 2001 to 2018 in the U.S.","authors":"Harris R Lieberman, Rebecca S Mathews, Victor L Fulgoni","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There have been continuous changes in the production and processing of major sources of iodine in the diet, especially iodized salt, dairy, and bread, that have reduced iodine intake in the United States.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess iodine status and trends over 18 years in US adults and adolescents, with emphasis on vulnerable groups, including women of reproductive age (WRA), pregnant women, and specific ethnic groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Creatinine corrected urinary iodine excretion (UI/Cr), a standard method for evaluating population iodine status, was assessed using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data collected in 2001-2018 of individuals 14+ years (N=22,851). Median values and % < Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) from 2001-2002 were compared to 2017-2018 values. Trends from 2001-2018 were examined with linear regression. Inadequate iodine status was estimated by determining population proportions below EAR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2017-2018, 35% of WRA and 46% of pregnant women had inadequate intakes. For the same time period, 2017-2018, 44% of Non-Hispanic Black, 32% Mexican American, and 25% Other Hispanic women ≥14 years had inadequate intakes. Twenty-four percent of females aged ≥14 years had inadequate intakes in 2017-2018 versus 12% in 2001-2002 (p<0.001). Thirty percent of males aged ≥14 years had inadequate intakes in 2017-2018 versus 17% in 2001-2002 (p<0.001). Time trend analysis found linear decreases (p<0.05) in median UI/Cr levels for females and males ≥14 years and ≥19 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the total US population over 14+ years prevalence of individuals <EAR for iodine nearly doubled from 2001 to 2018. Substantial proportions of vulnerable groups, WRA, pregnant women, and minority women, did not meet the iodine EAR. Given the current state of iodine nutriture, and likelihood of continuing decreases of iodine intake in the US, effective educational and regulatory measures appear essential, especially to protect pregnant and minority women and their offspring.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Potential of Flavonoids in Parkinson's Disease.","authors":"Louisa Pechlivani, Alexandros Giannakis, Chrissa Sioka, George A Alexiou, Spiridon Konitsiotis, Athanassios P Kyritsis","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dopaminergic neuron loss, associated with α-synuclein aggregation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Flavonoids, a diverse class of plant-derived polyphenols, exhibit potent antioxidant and neuroprotective properties that may reduce these pathological processes. By activating the Nrf2 pathway, reducing oxidative stress, modulating neuroinflammation, and preventing α-synuclein aggregation, flavonoids offer promising therapeutic potential in PD. This review explores their molecular mechanisms of action, summarizes key findings from preclinical and clinical studies, and discusses challenges such as limited bioavailability. Advancing our understanding of flavonoid-based activities may facilitate the development of novel antioxidant therapies for PD prevention and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of a Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Simultaneous Quantification of N^τ-Methylhistidine, N-Acetyl-N^τ-Methylhistidine, and Creatinine in Urine.","authors":"Daichi Ijiri, Yoshio Nishimura, Ayumi Katafuchi, Saki Shimamoto, Miyu Kamimura, Ichiro Oshima, Namiko Nakamura, Shozo Tomonaga, Shinya Ishinhara, Akira Ohtsuka","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.09.024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>N^τ-Methylhistidine released endogenously from muscle into urine is an index of muscle protein breakdown, and part of N^τ-methylhistidine it is excreted as the acetylated derivative, N-acetyl-N^τ-methylhistidine).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To measure the urinary concentrations of N^τ-methylhistidine and N-acetyl-N^τ-methylhistidine, a quantitative method was established using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) operated in Q1 single-ion monitoring (SIM) mode and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with stable-isotope dilution analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We synthesized N-acetyl-N^τ-methylhistidine and its isotopic analog for stable-isotope dilution analysis. Then, we validated a method for quantifying urinary concentrations of intact N^τ-methylhistidine, N-acetyl-N^τ-methylhistidine, and creatinine to precisely determine their concentrations in rats, humans, cattle, and dogs. Creatinine correction was applied to normalize for urine volume.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For both SIM and MRM analysis, the acceptable linear ranges of detection were 5 pmol/mL to 10 nmol/mL with r² = 1.000 in SIM mode and MRM mode. The LC-MS/MS methods operated in both SIM and MRM transitions detected changes in the urinary excretion levels of N^τ-methylhistidine and N-acetyl-N^τ-methylhistidine in response to starvation and re-feeding of rats. The methods also detected urinary concentrations of N^τ-methylhistidine and N-acetyl-N^τ-methylhistidine in cattle, humans, and dogs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that the LC-MS/MS method operated in SIM mode and MRM mode can be used to measure urinary concentrations of N^τ-methylhistidine and N-acetyl-N^τ-methylhistidine.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}