Zahra Mostofinejad, Eleonora Cremonini, Irena Krga, Dragan Milenkovic, Patricia I Oteiza
{"title":"高脂肪膳食的餐后反应:健康年轻人高甘油三酯血症程度对代谢和基因组改变的依赖性","authors":"Zahra Mostofinejad, Eleonora Cremonini, Irena Krga, Dragan Milenkovic, Patricia I Oteiza","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.023","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postprandial triglyceridemia (PPT) is proposed as a parameter of risk for cardiovascular disease. However, there is limited information on the mechanisms that relates them. Previous studies on parameter, postprandial triglyceridemia (PPT)-associated changes in different parameters, particularly of inflammation, have provided inconsistent results.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This pilot study aimed to investigate whether the magnitude of plasma triglyceride (TG) concentration increases upon consumption of a high-fat meal (HFM) is associated to differential changes in plasma metabolic parameters and endotoxemia and in global gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Healthy individuals aged 18-40 y, with a body mass index (BMI) (in kg/m<sup>2</sup>) of >21 and <29.9 consumed a single HFM. Blood was collected before and for 5 h after meal consumption and plasma (0-5 h), and PBMCs (3 h) were isolated. Individuals were separated into 2 groups, those who responded by accumulating plasma TG (mg/dL) in a 5-h period postmeal at concentrations (area under the curve) either <170 [low-postprandial triglyceridemia (LPTG)] or >171 and <700 [high-postprandial triglyceridemia (HPTG)]. Plasma was analyzed for TG, cholesterol, glucose, insulin, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein concentrations. mRNA was isolated from PBMCs for subsequent genomic and qPCR analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals in the HPTG group showed a 4.7-fold increase in both postprandial TG (P < 0.001) and total cholesterol (P = 0.03) compared with those in the LPTG group. Compared with the LPTG group, the HPTG group showed 61% and 180% higher plasma insulin and LPS-binding protein (P = 0.04) concentrations, respectively. Differences in PPT responses also resulted in global transcriptomic differences, including changes in the expression of protein-coding genes as well as noncoding genes (miRNAs and lncRNAs) involved in the immune response, inflammation, and metabolism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Biochemical and genomic results support the association between a large increase in PPT with a potentially higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Postprandial Responses to a High-Fat Meal: Dependence of Metabolic and Genomic Alterations on the Magnitude of Hypertriglyceridemia in Healthy Young Adults.\",\"authors\":\"Zahra Mostofinejad, Eleonora Cremonini, Irena Krga, Dragan Milenkovic, Patricia I Oteiza\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.023\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postprandial triglyceridemia (PPT) is proposed as a parameter of risk for cardiovascular disease. However, there is limited information on the mechanisms that relates them. Previous studies on parameter, postprandial triglyceridemia (PPT)-associated changes in different parameters, particularly of inflammation, have provided inconsistent results.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This pilot study aimed to investigate whether the magnitude of plasma triglyceride (TG) concentration increases upon consumption of a high-fat meal (HFM) is associated to differential changes in plasma metabolic parameters and endotoxemia and in global gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Healthy individuals aged 18-40 y, with a body mass index (BMI) (in kg/m<sup>2</sup>) of >21 and <29.9 consumed a single HFM. Blood was collected before and for 5 h after meal consumption and plasma (0-5 h), and PBMCs (3 h) were isolated. Individuals were separated into 2 groups, those who responded by accumulating plasma TG (mg/dL) in a 5-h period postmeal at concentrations (area under the curve) either <170 [low-postprandial triglyceridemia (LPTG)] or >171 and <700 [high-postprandial triglyceridemia (HPTG)]. Plasma was analyzed for TG, cholesterol, glucose, insulin, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein concentrations. mRNA was isolated from PBMCs for subsequent genomic and qPCR analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals in the HPTG group showed a 4.7-fold increase in both postprandial TG (P < 0.001) and total cholesterol (P = 0.03) compared with those in the LPTG group. Compared with the LPTG group, the HPTG group showed 61% and 180% higher plasma insulin and LPS-binding protein (P = 0.04) concentrations, respectively. Differences in PPT responses also resulted in global transcriptomic differences, including changes in the expression of protein-coding genes as well as noncoding genes (miRNAs and lncRNAs) involved in the immune response, inflammation, and metabolism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Biochemical and genomic results support the association between a large increase in PPT with a potentially higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":16620,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Nutrition\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-07-05\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Nutrition\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.023\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"NUTRITION & DIETETICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Nutrition","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.023","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Postprandial Responses to a High-Fat Meal: Dependence of Metabolic and Genomic Alterations on the Magnitude of Hypertriglyceridemia in Healthy Young Adults.
Background: Postprandial triglyceridemia (PPT) is proposed as a parameter of risk for cardiovascular disease. However, there is limited information on the mechanisms that relates them. Previous studies on parameter, postprandial triglyceridemia (PPT)-associated changes in different parameters, particularly of inflammation, have provided inconsistent results.
Objectives: This pilot study aimed to investigate whether the magnitude of plasma triglyceride (TG) concentration increases upon consumption of a high-fat meal (HFM) is associated to differential changes in plasma metabolic parameters and endotoxemia and in global gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).
Methods: Healthy individuals aged 18-40 y, with a body mass index (BMI) (in kg/m2) of >21 and <29.9 consumed a single HFM. Blood was collected before and for 5 h after meal consumption and plasma (0-5 h), and PBMCs (3 h) were isolated. Individuals were separated into 2 groups, those who responded by accumulating plasma TG (mg/dL) in a 5-h period postmeal at concentrations (area under the curve) either <170 [low-postprandial triglyceridemia (LPTG)] or >171 and <700 [high-postprandial triglyceridemia (HPTG)]. Plasma was analyzed for TG, cholesterol, glucose, insulin, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein concentrations. mRNA was isolated from PBMCs for subsequent genomic and qPCR analysis.
Results: Individuals in the HPTG group showed a 4.7-fold increase in both postprandial TG (P < 0.001) and total cholesterol (P = 0.03) compared with those in the LPTG group. Compared with the LPTG group, the HPTG group showed 61% and 180% higher plasma insulin and LPS-binding protein (P = 0.04) concentrations, respectively. Differences in PPT responses also resulted in global transcriptomic differences, including changes in the expression of protein-coding genes as well as noncoding genes (miRNAs and lncRNAs) involved in the immune response, inflammation, and metabolism.
Conclusions: Biochemical and genomic results support the association between a large increase in PPT with a potentially higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Nutrition (JN/J Nutr) publishes peer-reviewed original research papers covering all aspects of experimental nutrition in humans and other animal species; special articles such as reviews and biographies of prominent nutrition scientists; and issues, opinions, and commentaries on controversial issues in nutrition. Supplements are frequently published to provide extended discussion of topics of special interest.