Journal of Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Dietary Choline Intake and Risk of Alzheimer's Dementia in Older Adults.","authors":"Tasija Karosas, Taylor C Wallace, Muya Li, Yongyi Pan, Puja Agarwal, David A Bennett, Paul F Jacques, Mei Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary choline intake has been associated with a lower risk of cognitive dysfunction, lessened brain white-matter hyperintensity volume, and a reduced risk of incident dementia.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the relationship between dietary choline intake and risk of clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's dementia (AD) in participants enrolled in the Rush Memory and Aging Project prospective cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants who were free of AD at baseline and had completed ≥1 food frequency questionnaire were included in the present analyses. Clinical AD was assessed among participants annually using a 3-stage process of neurological examinations and standardized diagnostic criteria. Dietary choline intake was quantified using the United States Department of Agriculture Database for the Choline Content of Common Foods. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess risk of incident of AD by quantiles of dietary choline intake. Mixed-effect Poisson regression models were used to investigate potential nonlinear relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean baseline age of the study participants (N = 991) was 81.4 (±7.2) y. During a mean follow-up of 7.67 y, 266 participants (27%) were clinically diagnosed with AD (incident rate = 38/1000 person-year). In the fully adjusted model, compared with the lowest quantile of dietary choline intake, consumption of 200-250, 251-300, 301-350, and >350 mg/d were associated with a 23% [hazard ratio (HR): 0.73; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.45, 1.17; P = 0.10], 40% (HR = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.98; P = 0.04), 38% (HR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.36, 1.07; P = 0.09), and 51% (HR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.25, 0.95; P = 0.04) reduced rate of AD, respectively. Results of the curve linear Poisson regression model showed the point of lowest risk for AD to be ∼350 mg/d with effects being similar based on apolipoprotein E gene genotype.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dietary choline intake ∼ 350 mg/d was associated with the lowest risk of clinical diagnosis of AD in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-Chain Fatty Acids Promote Follicular Development by Alleviating Oxidative Stress-Induced Granulosa Cells Apoptosis in Sows.","authors":"Wenxia Qin, Baoyang Xu, Xinyu Lei, Xianghua Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The fate of granulosa cells determines ovarian follicular development outcomes. Our previous study suggested that gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) positively correlated with sows' follicular maturation, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which SCFAs regulate the follicular development in sows.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty L × Y sows (95 d old) were fed a basal diet (Ctrl, 40 gilts) or a basal diet supplemented with 0.13% acetate, 0.11% propionate, and 0.09% butyrate (SCFAs, 40 gilts). At third estrus, 13 gilts (6 from Ctrl and 7 from SCFAs) were killed for determination of granulosa cell apoptosis and SCFAs concentrations in follicular fluid. Granulosa cell apoptosis model with transcriptome and inhibitors were employed to dissect the mechanism by which SCFAs regulate granulosa cell apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SCFAs group had fewer granulosa cell apoptosis and caspase-3 concentration (0.43 compared with 0.75), but higher B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) concentration (0.81 compared with 0.55) in sows' granulosa cells compared with the Ctrl group (P < 0.05). The follicular fluid concentrations of acetate (89.31 compared with 61.46), propionate (6.25 compared with 3.40), and butyrate (11.69 compared with 6.31) were increased in SCFAs group than in Ctrl group (P < 0.05). Among SCFAs, propionate had a better effect on alleviating granulosa cell apoptosis than the others, and meanwhile inhibited histone deacetylases activity, enhanced histone acetyltransferase activity, and elevated P300 concentration in vitro (P < 0.05). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that propionate-induced differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT pathway (P < 0.05). Propionate increased concentrations of PI3K (P < 0.05), AKT (P < 0.01), and BCL-2 (P < 0.05), whereas it decreased concentrations of Caspase-3 (P < 0.05). Moreover, inhibitors against P300 and PI3K both alleviated granulosa cell apoptosis and restrained the antiapoptosis effect of propionate (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Propionate could alleviate sows' granulosa cells apoptosis via P300/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut Check: Can Probiotics Serve as a Microbial Intervention to Mitigate Toxin Exposure?","authors":"Hannah Glesener, Lee E Voth-Gaeddert, Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normalizing Body Weight with a Dietary Strategy Mitigates Obesity-Accelerated Pancreatic Carcinogenesis in Mice.","authors":"Joanna Wirkus, Aya S Ead, Irena Krga, Yige Wang, Matthew G Pontifex, Michael Muller, David Vauzour, Karen E Matsukuma, Guodong Zhang, Gerardo G Mackenzie","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity is a modifiable risk factor for pancreatic cancer, but the impact of dietary changes leading to weight loss in pancreatic carcinogenesis remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to determine the effects of weight normalization via dietary switch on pancreatic carcinogenesis and associated mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five-wk-old male and female LSL-Kras^G12D/+; p48^Cre/+ (KC) mice (8-12/diet group/sex) were fed a high-fat, diet-induced obesity diet (DIO; 60% kcal from fat) or a low-fat, control diet (CD; 11% kcal from fat) for 21 wk. A subset of mice was fed the DIO for 8 wk, then switched to CD for 13 additional wk (DIO→CD). Cancer incidence was evaluated by histology. Lipidomics and RNAseq followed by bioinformatic analysis identified potential mechanisms. The gut microbiome was characterized using 16s rRNA amplicon sequencing. Data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 21 wk, DIO-fed mice had 1.7-fold higher body weight gain, and a 60% increase (P < 0.05 DIO compared with CD) in pancreatic acinar-to-ductal metaplasia, compared with the other 2 groups. None of the 21 mice fed a CD developed cancer, whereas 2 of 21 DIO-fed male mice did. Switching from a DIO to a CD-normalized body weight and composition to CD levels, slowed acinar-to-ductal metaplasia and prevented cancer incidence, with no mice developing cancer. Mechanistically, DIO affected gene expression related to cellular metabolism, pancreatic secretions, immune function, and cell signaling, whereas CD and DIO→CD had similar global gene expression. Moreover, DIO increased epoxy metabolites of linoleic acid, which were mitigated by the dietary switch. Finally, compared with a CD, DIO altered the gut microbiome, and switching from a DIO to a CD restored the gut microbiome profile to resemble that of CD-fed mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Body weight normalization slowed obesity-accelerated pancreatic carcinogenesis, in part, by affecting inflammatory and cell signaling pathways, reducing epoxy metabolites, and modulating the gut microbiome.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrauterine Growth-Restricted Female Yucatan Miniature Pig Neonates Fed Parenteral Nutrition Exhibit Early Catch-Up Growth Leading to Obesity and Ectopic Fat Deposition in Adulthood.","authors":"Raniru S Randunu, Lee-Anne Huber, Janet A Brunton, Robert F Bertolo","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is often used as a lifesaving nutritional regimen in intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) neonates. However, nutrition perturbations during the early critical period may permanently program metabolism via methyl-dependent epigenetic alterations that can lead to obesity and dyslipidemia in adulthood. Methyl group availability can be increased by adding betaine and creatine to TPN.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We sought to determine whether TPN in early life would have long-term effects on the development of obesity, whether IUGR will exacerbate these TPN-induced effects, and whether supplementing betaine and creatine to TPN will alleviate these effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty four 7-d-old female piglets were randomly assigned to suckled, TPN-control diet (TPN-control), and TPN with betaine and creatine groups. Eight IUGR piglets were fed TPN (TPN-IUGR) as a fourth group. After 2 wk of TPN, all pigs received semi-restricted standard feed until adulthood (9 mo). Plasma and tissues were measured for lipids, hormones, and other metabolites associated with the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Growth rates of TPN-IUGR were 32% and 42% greater than TPN-control during the 1-4 mo and 4-6 mo periods, respectively (P < 0.05), indicating catch-up growth, which led to greater adiposity, as indicated by a 16% higher backfat thickness at 9 mo (P < 0.05). Moreover, TPN-IUGR pigs had 2.54-fold and 3.28-fold greater (P < 0.05) accumulation of ectopic triglyceride deposition in the liver and skeletal muscle, respectively, possibly due to 67% greater fasting plasma nonesterified fatty acids (P < 0.001). TPN-control was not different from suckled or TPN with betaine and creatine pigs, suggesting that feeding TPN during the neonatal period did not result in obesity later in life, and methyl nutrient supplementation to TPN had no effect on obesity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IUGR has a profound effect on developing obesity later in life, but TPN feeding does not lead to obesity in adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Undernutrition Exacerbates Effects of Ambient Heat during Pregnancy in Mice.","authors":"Meghan L Ruebel, Stephanie P Gilley, Purevsuren Jambal, Jasmine Dado-Fox, Deaunabah N Yazza, Niyati Nakra, Charis Ulson, Lei Sian, Sreenitya Kode, Quentin D Read, Laxmi Yeruva, Jamie LE Westcott, Paul S MacLean, Nancy F Krebs, Kartik Shankar","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Undernutrition in females of childbearing age increases risk of fetal growth restriction and poor infant development. A rise in ambient temperature is thought to exacerbate the effects of undernutrition. However, few mechanistic studies exist to examine the interactions between maternal nutritional status and ambient temperature on fetal growth.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to develop a novel animal model of marginal undernutrition and modest heat stress during pregnancy to understand interactive effects on fetal growth in mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Female C57BL6/J mice (8 wk old, n = 6-8/group) were fed either AIN-93G (CON) or a modified AIN-93M diet containing 70% mineral, micronutrient, and vitamin mix (MMV) for 4 wk. After breeding, females were housed at either 22°C or 33°C for the duration of pregnancy maintained on their respective diets. Fetal and placental weights were collected at days post coitum 17.5. Placenta tissue was used for RNA-seq and snRNA-seq, protein, and histological analyses. Two-way and 3-way analyses of variance and linear mixed models to account for litter effects were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Placental weights were significantly lower in MMV.33C group compared with CON.22C (P < 0.01) with a greater reduction in females compared with males. Serum K, Fe, and Se levels were reduced by temperature (P < 0.05). The combination of temperature and diet led to more changes in placental gene expression in males [610 differentially expressed genes (DEGs)] compared with females (331 DEGs). In males, gene expression related to vascularization, nutrient transport, and stress-related responses (i.e., Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress and inflammation) was impacted in the combination group, whereas in females similar biological functions were affected by high temperature.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Collectively, our results point to an interaction between modest heat and marginal micronutrient and protein depletion on placental dysfunction and the pathogenesis of fetal growth restriction, highlighting the emerging nexus of maternal undernutrition and heat stress typically seen in resource-restrained settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amino Acid Associations in Healthy and Unhealthy Obesity.","authors":"Gahyun Lim, Zachery R Jarrell, Young-Mi Go, Dean P Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.04.037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.04.037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prior research shows that amino acid metabolism plays a role in the biological processes distinguishing metabolically healthy nonobese (MHN), metabolically healthy obese (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) phenotypes. Metabolic network analysis tools are available to test for differences in amino acid associations but have not been applied to MHN, MHO, and MUO.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to characterize amino acid metabolic networks and identify key metabolic shifts distinguishing MHN, MHO, and MUO phenotypes through metabolomics and network analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The plasma metabolome was analyzed by liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry in a cross-sectional study of 213 middle-aged adults classified as MHN, MHO, or MUO based on body mass index, blood pressure, blood lipids, and blood glucose. Differential metabolic network and pathway enrichment analyses were used to measure the centrality of amino acid metabolism and associated metabolic pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Partial least squares-discriminant analysis showed that amino acids were among the top discriminatory metabolites (variable importance in projection >2) for MHN, MHO, and MUO and included tryptophan (Trp), phenylalanine (Phe), tyrosine, cystine (disulfide of cysteine), alanine, glutamate, valine, and leucine/isoleucine. Network analyses with these discriminatory amino acids showed that Trp had a high network centrality in all groups, with the highest value in MHN and MHO. Phe gained centrality in obese phenotypes and became the central amino acid in MUO. Pathway enrichment analyses revealed that Phe-centered metabolic communities in obese groups (MHO and MUO) were enriched fatty acid oxidation pathways. Network and pathway analyses using all amino acids showed comparable results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Amino acid networks differ in healthy and unhealthy obesity phenotypes, with the most central amino acid Trp in MHN and MHO shifting to Phe in MUO. Mechanistic studies are needed to determine whether increased Phe centrality is a cause or effect of metabolic dysfunctions in obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One Hundred Forty-Seven Years Later: The Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 Goes Wild.","authors":"Miria F Criado, C Joaquin Caceres, Inkar Castellanos, Michael Kidd, Sami Dridi","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Milk Protein Glycation Compromises Postprandial Lysine Bioavailability but does not Modulate Postprandial Muscle Protein Synthesis Rates In Vitro in Males: A Double-blind, Randomized Parallel Trial.","authors":"Glenn Aa van Lieshout, Jorn Trommelen, Floris K Hendriks, Jean Nyakayiru, Janneau van Kranenburg, Joan M Senden, Joy Pb Goessens, Lex B Verdijk, Marjolijn Ce Bragt, Luc Jc van Loon","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Industrial processing and storage of milk products can strongly increase protein glycation level. Previously, we have reported that a high protein glycation level impairs protein digestion, thereby compromising lysine bioavailability. The lower postprandial lysine availability may restrict the anabolic properties of a high glycated protein.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to assess the impact of milk protein glycation on postprandial plasma amino acid availability and subsequent postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates during recovery from a single bout of resistance-type exercise.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-five recreationally active, healthy young males participated in this double-blinded, randomized parallel study. After performing a single bout of whole-body resistance-type exercise, subjects ingested 20 g milk protein with either a low (4%; LOW-GLYC) or high (47%; HIGH-GLYC) glycation level or a noncaloric placebo (PLA). Continuous intravenous infusion of L-[ring-¹³C₆]-phenylalanine was combined with the collection of blood and muscle tissue samples during a 6-h postprandial period to assess plasma amino acid concentrations and muscle protein synthesis rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Protein ingestion increased plasma total and essential amino acid concentrations compared with placebo (time × treatment interaction: P < 0.001), with no differences between the low and high glycated milk protein. Plasma lysine availability, assessed over the full 6 h postprandial period, was substantially lower following ingestion of the protein with the high versus low glycation level (-5 ± 7 compared with 10 ± 9 mmol · L^-1 · 360 min, respectively, P < 0.001). Postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates did not differ between treatments (0.059 ± 0.016, 0.061 ± 0.012, and 0.061 ± 0.018 % · h^-1, in LOW-GLYC, HIGH-GLYC and PLA, respectively, P = 0.939).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ingestion of protein with a higher glycation level attenuates postprandial plasma lysine availability. Milk protein glycation does not modulate postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates during recovery from resistance exercise in healthy, young males. This trial was registered at the Dutch Trial Register as NL8690; https://onderzoekmetmensen.nl/nl/trial/49398.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D Deficiency and IL-6: Risk Factors for Preterm Birth in Black Women: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Jennifer Woo, Sarah Vaughan, Molly A Wright, Thomas Guffey, Nadia Saadat, Dawn Misra, Carmen Giurgescu, Christopher G Engeland","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-Hispanic Black women have a 1.5 times greater rate of preterm birth (PTB, any birth occurring at <37 wk of gestation) than non-Hispanic White women. Black women are also more likely to have vitamin D deficiency (VDD; 25[OH]D <20 ng/mL) than White women. Vitamin D has anti-inflammatory effects, which may help explain the association of VDD with PTB in Black women.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine associations between inflammatory biomarkers and VDD with PTB as an outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used an exploratory retrospective cross-sectional design utilizing data collected as part of the larger Biosocial Impact on Black Births (BIBB) study. A case-control subsample was selected from the BIBB participants who had stored blood plasma available at 8-25 wk of gestation (n = 172). Fifty-nine PTB cases were included in the current study, with a set of matched controls based on maternal age controls at a 1:2 ratio of PTB to term birth (n = 113, 65.6%). Total 25(OH)D and cytokine levels were measured in the plasma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy percent of women with PTB had VDD compared with 50% of women with term birth who had VDD. Other inflammatory biomarkers were not associated with PTB except for IL-6. The PTB group had higher IL-6 and lower 25(OH)D levels compared with term birth. In adjusted models controlling for IL-6 and other covariates, odds ratios (OR) for VDD remained significant for predicting PTB (OR: 2.45; 95% confidence interval: 1.18, 5.06; P = 0.016).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increased VDD was associated with increased risk of PTB among Black women after controlling for IL-6 and other factors. Achieving adequate vitamin D status in early pregnancy may have an important role in PTB prevention as it is a significant predictor of risk after inflammation and other factors are considered. Further investigation is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}