Journal of Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of an Adapted Food Security Module for College Students with the United States Department of Agriculture Adult Food Security Module","authors":"Addy Musich ,&nbsp;Amy Wolcott ,&nbsp;Bailey A Munger ,&nbsp;Brooke M Green ,&nbsp;Jessica Warrick ,&nbsp;Cade Kartchner ,&nbsp;Kanae Lee ,&nbsp;Jack Varnon ,&nbsp;Rickelle Richards ,&nbsp;Stephanie Grutzmacher ,&nbsp;Nathan Stokes ,&nbsp;Jinan Banna ,&nbsp;Kendra OoNorasak ,&nbsp;Matthew P Rabbitt ,&nbsp;Jennifer A Jackson","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.04.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.04.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The United States Department of Agriculture’s 10-item adult food security survey module (AFSSM) has not been validated in college students, raising concern about measuring food insecurity (FI) in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The objective of this study was to adapt and validate the 10-item AFSSM for use among college students.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Researchers conducted a mixed methods study including individual- (<em>n</em> = 20) and group- (<em>n</em> = 13) cognitive interviews among students at 3 United States universities. Researchers independently evaluated interview data and met to discuss whether AFSSM adaptations were warranted. A Rasch model was used to evaluate the psychometric validity of the official compared with adapted AFSSM among a sample (<em>n</em> = 2897) of students at 4 United States universities.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In individual cognitive interviews, students were confused about the terms “household” and “balanced meal” and in differentiating between frugality and FI. Nine items were revised, and 1 item was removed. In group cognitive interviews, students discussed nonfinancial factors impacting FI and suggested wording changes. Seven items were changed. In the survey study, 35.4% were food insecure using the official AFSSM compared with 28.4% using the adapted AFSSM (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The adapted AFSSM captured greater severity of FI for several questions and changed the relative ordering of questions. Regardless of which wording was used, the questions on food not lasting and balanced meals captured different FI prevalence than the general population. The official and adapted AFSSM provides psychometrically valid measures of FI among college students, but adjustments may be required before making direct comparisons with FI measures for the general population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2423-2442"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the Inclusion of Free Sugars as Opposed to Total Sugars in Nutrient Profiling Models Improve Their Performance? A Cross-sectional Analysis From the PREDISE Study","authors":"Alicia Corriveau ,&nbsp;Mylène Turcotte ,&nbsp;Amélie Bergeron ,&nbsp;Simone Lemieux ,&nbsp;Marie-Ève Labonté","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Nutrient profiling (NP) models characterize the healthfulness of foods. Few NP models have been validated, and nutrients included in their algorithm do not always reflect the most recent scientific evidence.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed <em>1</em>) to evaluate the validity of NP models against a diet quality measure and cardiometabolic risk factors in French-Canadians and <em>2</em>) to compare the validity of each model when replacing total sugars by free sugars in their algorithm.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The PRÉDicteurs Individuels, Sociaux et Environnementaux cross-sectional study was used to test original and modified versions (i.e., including total or free sugars, respectively) of 3 NP models: Health Star Rating (HSR) system, Nutri-Score, and Nutrient-Rich Food index 6.3. Data from web-based self-administered 24-h recalls completed by 1019 adults were used to calculate energy-weighted NP-derived individual scores for both versions of each model. Associations between individual scores and the Healthy Eating Food Index 2019, as well as 14 biomarkers covering anthropometry, blood pressure, blood lipids, glucose homeostasis, and inflammatory biomarkers, were assessed using multivariable linear models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher quality of foods consumed, as assessed by all 3 original models, was associated with higher Healthy Eating Food Index 2019 (adjusted <em>R</em>²: 0.43–0.55), and with lower body mass index (BMI) (β: from –0.16 to +0.48 kg/m²; <em>P</em> ≤ 0.0001), diastolic blood pressure (β: –0.08 to +0.30 mm Hg; <em>P</em> ≤ 0.04) and triglycerides (β: –0.01 to +0.02 mmol/L; <em>P</em> ≤ 0.002). Original HSR and Nutri-Score were also associated with lower waist circumference and HOMA-IR, lower insulin (HSR only), and higher HDL cholesterol (Nutri-Score only). Replacing total sugars by free sugars in each model only slightly increased the number of associations observed with biomarkers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>All 3 models are associated with diet quality and some biomarkers of health status in French-Canadians, although no model outranks the others. Replacing total sugars by free sugars has little to no effect on NP models’ performance, therefore not supporting this approach for now.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2459-2474"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D Intakes of People Living in Canada: An Assessment Using Disaggregated Population Data from the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey – Nutrition","authors":"Hope A Weiler ,&nbsp;Isabelle Rondeau ,&nbsp;Julie K Ennis ,&nbsp;Fuqi Chen ,&nbsp;Cunye Qiao ,&nbsp;The Minh Luong ,&nbsp;Janice L Daoust ,&nbsp;Krista A Esslinger","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The dietary reference intakes for vitamin D were set in support of adequate vitamin D status. In Canada, the prevalence of inadequate vitamin D status is 19% based on biomarker data.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The objectives of this study are to assess the adequacy of total usual intakes (UIs) of vitamin D of people living in Canada and explore sociodemographic correlates.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Vitamin D intake data from the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey – Nutrition (<em>n</em> = 19,567, ≥1 y) were used. The prevalence of inadequate UI was defined as the percent below the estimated average requirement (%&lt;EAR, 10 μg/d); risk of excess intakes was defined as the percent above the tolerable upper intake level (%&gt;UL). Intakes (%&lt;EAR and μg/d) of supplement users and nonusers were summarized by age–sex groups and sociodemographic factors. The top natural and fortified [mandated: cow’s milk and margarine; voluntary: plant-based beverages (PBBs)] food sources of vitamin D were explored.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In supplement nonusers, %&lt;EAR was ≥85.2% across age–sex groups. In supplement users (33.5%, 95% confidence interval: 32.1%, 34.8%), %&lt;EAR ranged from 7.9% to 54.2% among age–sex groups. Overall, the %&gt;UL was &lt;3%. Total UI of vitamin D in supplement nonusers and users did not vary widely according to sociodemographic factors. Overall, the top 4 food sources of vitamin D were cow’s milk and fortified plant-based beverages (FPBBs) combined, margarine, fish, and eggs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In Canada, the population prevalence of inadequate vitamin D intake is high, although lower among supplement users. Since the time of this survey, dietary guidance advises vitamin D supplementation for people ≥2 y who do not consume a daily food source of vitamin D. Subsequently, the amount of vitamin D in milks, margarines, and FPBB was increased and its addition to yogurts and kefirs was permitted. These strategies may help people living in Canada to achieve adequate intakes of vitamin D.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2132-2143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Strain Shirota (LcS) on Aflatoxin Exposure among Healthy Malaysian Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Intervention Study","authors":"Wei Lin Chang ,&nbsp;Takuya Akiyama ,&nbsp;Jia-Sheng Wang ,&nbsp;Heng Yaw Yong ,&nbsp;Faezah Hassan ,&nbsp;Hazizi Abu Saad ,&nbsp;Rosita Jamaluddin ,&nbsp;Mohd Redzwan Sabran","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.04.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.04.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Limited evidence suggests that probiotic <em>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</em> strain Shirota (LcS) may reduce aflatoxin exposure in Malaysians, though individual factors influencing aflatoxin exposure remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study evaluated the effect of LcS on aflatoxin biomarker concentrations over a 12-wk intervention among healthy Malaysian adults. A secondary objective was to explore the individual factors associated with aflatoxin exposure using baseline data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention involved healthy Malaysian adults (aged 20–60) of Chinese, Malay, or Indian ethnicities with elevated urinary aflatoxin M₁ (AFM₁) and serum aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁)-albumin concentrations. Hundred and seventy-four (<em>n</em> = 174) subjects were randomly and equally assigned (<em>n</em> = 87/group) to consume either fermented milk with LcS (probiotic) (3 × 10¹⁰ CFU/80 mL/bottle) or milk without LcS (placebo) twice/d for 12 wk, with a 4-wk follow-up. Baseline data included sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude, and practice related to aflatoxin contamination, dietary intake, body weight, and physical activity status. Urine and fasting blood samples were collected every 2 and 4 wk for AFM₁ and AFB₁-lysine adduct analyses, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eighty-five (<em>n</em> = 85) and 82 (<em>n</em> = 82) subjects in the probiotic and placebo groups completed the intervention, respectively. After adjusting for covariates, a significant effect was observed at postintervention in the probiotic group with a 23% reduction in urinary AFM₁ concentrations compared with the placebo group (<em>B</em> = –0.26; Exp(B) = 0.77; <em>P</em> = 0.04). Serum AFB₁-lysine adduct concentrations remained lower in the probiotic group throughout the study. Both aflatoxin biomarkers significantly differed by ethnicity (AFM₁: <em>P</em> = 0.001; AFB₁: <em>P</em> = 0.01). Subjects with lower aflatoxin knowledge had significantly higher AFB₁-lysine concentrations (mean rank = 95.99) than those with higher knowledge (mean rank = 73.57) (<em>P</em> = 0.04). Urinary AFM₁ concentrations were higher with cereal intake (<em>ρ</em> = 0.17, <em>P</em> = 0.03) but lower with protein intake (<em>ρ</em> = –0.18, <em>P</em> = 0.02).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Ethnicity, knowledge level, and dietary intake influenced aflatoxin exposure. The benefits of consuming LcS to reduce aflatoxin exposure deserve further attention.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration number</h3><div>This trial is registered in the National Medical Research Register (NMRR-16-2693-3230) and <span><span>clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> (NCT03882294).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2110-2121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Processing of Dairy Products Can Affect the Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score (DIAAS): An In Vivo Study in Bama Minipigs","authors":"Huifang Cai ,&nbsp;Xiyu Qin ,&nbsp;Mengxuan Lai ,&nbsp;Xiaolu Geng ,&nbsp;Hairan Ma ,&nbsp;Xiuying Wu ,&nbsp;Wentao Qian ,&nbsp;Menghui Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaomin Ren ,&nbsp;Ran Wang ,&nbsp;Pengjie Wang ,&nbsp;Yixuan Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Wang ,&nbsp;Hongliang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>During manufacturing, different applied processes can potentially alter macro- and microstructures of milk proteins, which eventually affect the digestibility and the digestible indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS).</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We aimed to investigate the effects of different processes, including heating and fermentation, on the ileal digestibility of amino acids (AA) and DIAAS in dairy products.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Six dairy products were produced under different processing conditions. Seven ileal cannulated Bama minipig (initial body weight: 20.0 ± 0.8 kg) were assigned to a 7 × 6 incomplete Latin square design, which incorporated 7 diets (6 dairy products and 1 nitrogen-free diet) and 6 7-d periods. Ileal digesta were collected for 9 h (from 08:00 to 17:00) on days 6 and 7 of each period. The content of crude protein (CP) and AA was determined. True ileal digestibility (TID) and DIAAS were calculated. One-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate the significant differences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The TID of CP was 97.0% ± 1.6%, 98.7% ± 1.8%, and 100.7% ± 0.5% (mean ± standard error of the mean) for raw milk (RM), pasteurized milk (PM), and high temperature treated milk (HTM). The TID of methionine was lower (<em>P</em> = 0.050) for the pasteurized yogurt with pectin addition (PYP, 97.6% ± 0.4%) compared with that in the nontreated yogurt (NTY, 99.5% ± 0.5%) and pasteurized yogurt (PY, 99.5% ± 0.3%). Regarding DIAAS results, the quality of proteins in the studied products was predominantly classified as “excellent” and partially as “good.” For individuals older than 3 y, the DIAAS were 112, 123, 104, 110, 110, and 120 for RM, PM, HTM, NTY, PY, and PYP.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although different processes could alter the values of TID and DIAAS, the protein quality in the studied dairy products still remained as high. Milk protein from each of the dairy products can be highly utilizable if ingested alone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2195-2204"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut Check: Can Probiotics Serve as a Microbial Intervention to Mitigate Toxin Exposure?","authors":"Hannah Glesener ,&nbsp;Lee E Voth-Gaeddert ,&nbsp;Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2009-2010"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prebiotic Concept in Nutrition Celebrates its 30th Anniversary","authors":"Nathalie M Delzenne ,&nbsp;Laure B Bindels","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2007-2008"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Folate Receptor α Autoantibodies in Folate Deficiency, Disease Severity, and Treatment Response in Adolescents with Major Depressive Disorder","authors":"Pascal Gloor ,&nbsp;Isabelle Haeberling ,&nbsp;Katharina Spanaus ,&nbsp;Gerd A Kullak-Ublick ,&nbsp;Gregor Berger ,&nbsp;Michele Visentin","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Low concentrations of systemic folates have been associated with a higher risk of major depressive disorder (MDD) and more severe symptoms. Moreover, folate supplementation has been shown to increase the response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). Folates reach the brain through the choroid plexus via transcytosis mediated by the folate receptor alpha (FRα). FRα also represents the main mechanism of folate retrieval from the nascent urine. Autoantibodies against the FRα autoantibodies(FRAAs) have been found in the serum of individuals with cerebral folate deficiency.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the role of serum FRAA titer on serum folate concentration, disease severity, and response to the SSRI/SNRI treatment in adolescents with MDD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Serum samples at baseline obtained from the participants of a large multicenter intervention trial in moderately to severely depressed youth were analyzed. Quantification of FRAA was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum folate concentration was determined by radioligand binding assay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>FRAA titer in the patients with folate deficiency (≤3.0 ng/mL) was significantly higher than that in the patients with a normal folate concentration, and a low FRAA titer was associated with a reduced risk of folate deficiency. No correlation was found between the Children’s Depression Rating Scale—Revised score and the serum folate concentration or the FRAA titer. In regression analysis, the effect size of the serum folate concentration on the response to SSRI/SNRI was larger than that of the FRAA titer. The response rate to the treatment in the high-folate group was ∼4 times that in the low-folate group (28.5% compared with 6.7%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In conclusion, patients with high-FRAA titers carry a higher risk of folate deficiency. Moreover, the response to SSRI/SNRI treatment is less likely in patients with folate deficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2267-2274"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assuming the “Best-Fit” Shape of the Usual Nutrient Intake Distribution (with nutriR) Does Not Affect Prevalence Estimates of Nutrient Intake Inadequacy: Results from a Dietary Intake Survey in Ivorian School-Age Children","authors":"Katie Ayling ,&nbsp;Elise F Talsma ,&nbsp;Amoin Georgette Konan ,&nbsp;Georges Tiahou ,&nbsp;Mory Gbane ,&nbsp;Ingeborg Bovee-Oudenhoven ,&nbsp;Alida Melse-Boonstra","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Common methods to assess nutrient intake inadequacy are the estimated average requirement (EAR) cut-point method and the probability of adequacy (PA). It has been postulated that the shape of the intake distribution can have a significant impact on estimates of inadequacy. The “nutritional intake functions for R” (“nutriR”) package has been developed to address this.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the impact of assuming the “best-fit” shape of nutrient intake distributions (using nutriR) on prevalence estimates of inadequate nutrient intake, as compared with observed nutrient intake distributions with the EAR cut-point or PA method.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional dietary intake survey was conducted among 443 Ivorian school-aged children (6–12 y) by 24-h recall, with nonconsecutive repeats for 13% of the population. Six methods to estimate the prevalence of intake inadequacy for 11 nutrients were compared: methods 1–3 used single 24-h recall data to either apply the <em>1</em>) EAR cut-point method, <em>2</em>) the PA method, or <em>3</em>) the nutriR method; and methods 4–6 applied the same methods after correction for within-person variation using the Statistical Program to Assess Usual Dietary Exposure, which generates estimates of usual daily nutrient intake.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nutrient intake distributions were right skewed (skewness average 1.0, range: 0.4–2.0) and showed large variation (coefficient of variation average 40%, range: 20%–60%). The prevalence estimates of inadequate nutrient intake were similar across all methods, with a mean difference of ±5 percent point (range: 0–27 percent point). The smallest mean differences, 0.4 and 0.3 percent points, were observed with usual intake data between nutriR and EAR cut-point (method 6 compared with 4), and nutriR and PA (method 6 compared with 5), respectively. Larger differences (∼12 percent point) were observed when comparing single 24-h recall data (methods 1–3) with usual intake (methods 4–6).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Assuming nutrient intake distributions with the shape of “best-fit” to the observed intake distribution did not affect prevalence estimates of nutrient inadequacy in this population of Ivorian school children.</div><div>This study was registered at <span><span>clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> as NCT06175130.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2449-2458"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Milk Protein Glycation Compromises Postprandial Lysine Bioavailability but does not Modulate Postprandial Muscle Protein Synthesis Rates In Vivo in Males: A Double-blind, Randomized Parallel Trial","authors":"Glenn AA van Lieshout ,&nbsp;Jorn Trommelen ,&nbsp;Floris K Hendriks ,&nbsp;Jean Nyakayiru ,&nbsp;Janneau van Kranenburg ,&nbsp;Joan M Senden ,&nbsp;Joy PB Goessens ,&nbsp;Lex B Verdijk ,&nbsp;Marjolijn CE Bragt ,&nbsp;Luc JC van Loon","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.05.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Industrial processing and storage of milk products can strongly increase protein glycation level. Previously, we have reported that a high protein glycation level impairs protein digestion, thereby compromising lysine bioavailability. The lower postprandial lysine availability may restrict the anabolic properties of a high glycated protein.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The objective of this study was to assess the impact of milk protein glycation on postprandial plasma amino acid availability and subsequent postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates during recovery from a single bout of resistance-type exercise.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty-five recreationally active, healthy young males participated in this double-blinded, randomized parallel study. After performing a single bout of whole-body resistance-type exercise, subjects ingested 20 g milk protein with either a low (4%; LOW-GLYC) or high (47%; HIGH-GLYC) glycation level or a noncaloric placebo (PLA). Continuous intravenous infusion of L-[<em>ring</em>-¹³C₆]-phenylalanine was combined with the collection of blood and muscle tissue samples during a 6-h postprandial period to assess plasma amino acid concentrations and muscle protein synthesis rates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Protein ingestion increased plasma total and essential amino acid concentrations compared with placebo (time × treatment interaction: <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), with no differences between the low and high glycated milk protein. Plasma lysine availability, assessed over the full 6 h postprandial period, was substantially lower following ingestion of the protein with the high versus low glycation level (−5 ± 7 compared with 10 ± 9 mmol · L^-1 · 360 min, respectively, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates did not differ between treatments (0.059 ± 0.016, 0.061 ± 0.012, and 0.061 ± 0.018 % · h^-1, in LOW-GLYC, HIGH-GLYC and PLA, respectively, <em>P</em> = 0.939).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Ingestion of protein with a higher glycation level attenuates postprandial plasma lysine availability. Milk protein glycation does not modulate postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates during recovery from resistance exercise in healthy, young males.</div><div>This trial was registered at the Dutch Trial Register as NL8690; <span><span>https://onderzoekmetmensen.nl/nl/trial/49398</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"155 7","pages":"Pages 2215-2226"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}