Journal of Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Associations Between Prenatal Vitamin D and Placental Gene Expression","authors":"Mariana Parenti ,&nbsp;Melissa M Melough ,&nbsp;Samantha Lapehn ,&nbsp;James MacDonald ,&nbsp;Theo Bammler ,&nbsp;Evan J Firsick ,&nbsp;Hyo Young Choi ,&nbsp;Karen J Derefinko ,&nbsp;Daniel A Enquobahrie ,&nbsp;Kecia N Carroll ,&nbsp;Kaja Z LeWinn ,&nbsp;Nicole R Bush ,&nbsp;Qi Zhao ,&nbsp;Sheela Sathyanarayana ,&nbsp;Alison G Paquette","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.10.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.10.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Vitamin D is a hormone that regulates gene transcription. Prenatal vitamin D has been linked to immune and vascular function in the placenta, a key organ of pregnancy. Transcriptome-wide RNA sequencing can provide a more complete representation of the placental effects of vitamin D.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We investigated the association between prenatal vitamin D concentrations and placental gene expression in a large, prospective pregnancy cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants were recruited from Shelby County, TN, United States, in the Conditions Affecting Neurocognitive Development and Learning in Early childhood (CANDLE) study. Vitamin D (plasma total 25-hydroxyvitatmin D, [25(OH)D]) was measured at midpregnancy (16–28 wk) and delivery. RNA was sequenced from placental samples collected at birth. We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using adjusted linear regression models. We also conducted weighted gene coexpression network analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median 25(OH)D of participants was 21.8 ng/mL at midpregnancy (<em>N</em> = 774; IQR: 15.4–26.5 ng/mL) and 23.6 ng/mL at delivery (<em>n</em> = 753; IQR: 16.8–29.1 ng/mL). Placental expression of 17 DEGs was associated with 25(OH)D at midpregnancy, but only 1 DEG was associated with 25(OH)D at delivery. DEGs were related to energy metabolism, cytoskeletal function, and transcriptional regulation. We identified 2 weighted gene coexpression network analysis gene modules whose expression was associated with 25(OH)D at midpregnancy and 1 module associated with 25(OH)D at delivery. These modules were enriched for genes related to mitochondrial and cytoskeletal function and were regulated by transcription factors including <em>ARNT2</em> and <em>FOSL2</em>. We also identified 12 modules associated with 25(OH)D in females and 1 module in males.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>25(OH)D during midpregnancy, but not at delivery, is associated with placental gene expression at birth. Future research is needed to investigate a potential role of vitamin D in modulating placental mitochondrial metabolism, intracellular transport, and transcriptional regulation during pregnancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"154 12","pages":"Pages 3603-3614"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142468110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Pregnancy Dietary Quality and Diversity with Childhood Celiac Disease","authors":"Elin M Hård af Segerstad ,&nbsp;Tiril Cecilie Borge ,&nbsp;Annie Guo ,&nbsp;Karl Mårild ,&nbsp;Lars C Stene ,&nbsp;Anne Lise Brantsæter ,&nbsp;Ketil Størdal ,&nbsp;HEDIMED Investigator Group","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.10.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.10.033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>High gluten and low dietary fiber in pregnancy intake is associated with an increased risk of celiac disease (CeD) in the child. Early life higher dietary quality is suggested to reduce the subsequent risk of CeD.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim was to investigate associations of pregnancy dietary quality and diversity with child risk of CeD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study, 85,122 mother-child pairs had available data from a validated pregnancy food frequency questionnaire. Pregnancy dietary quality and diversity were estimated by a Pregnancy Healthy Eating Index [mean 99.3, standard deviation (SD) 9.9, range 48.8–128.3], and a Diet Diversity Score (mean 7.0, SD 1.0, range 1.6–9.8), respectively. Child CeD was captured by ≥2 diagnostic codes in the Norwegian Patient Registry. Logistic regression was used to estimate associations between pregnancy dietary quality, diversity and child CeD, adjusted for socioeconomic factors, and parents CeD [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 95% confidence intervals (CI)]. CeD-susceptible human leukocyte antigen haplotypes (DQ2/DQ8) were present in 30,718 (45.5%).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Up to mean age 16.0 (SD 1.8, 12.4–19.8) y, 1363 (1.6%) children were diagnosed with CeD. Lower as well as higher pregnancy dietary quality associated with a reduced risk of CeD in the child (&lt;5th percentile aOR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.93, &gt;95th percentile aOR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.52, 0.98, respectively, nonlinear squared term <em>P</em> = 0.011). Analyses on genetically susceptible children, adjustments for pregnancy iron supplementation, gluten, and dietary fiber intake, and child early life dietary quality, gluten intake and iron supplementation, supported the finding. Pregnancy dietary diversity was not associated with child CeD (aOR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.94, 1.07/score).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In this population-based study, lower as well as higher pregnancy dietary quality associated with a reduced risk of CeD diagnosis in the child. In contrast, no such association was observed with maternal dietary diversity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":"154 12","pages":"Pages 3770-3779"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142468112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and Inequities in Adequacy of Micronutrient Intakes in Rural Bangladesh.","authors":"Phuong Hong Nguyen, Masum Ali, Julie Ghostlaw, Lan Mai Tran, Aklima Parvin, M Mehrab Bakhtiar, Akhter U Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.11.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.11.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Micronutrient deficiencies pose a significant public health challenge, yet limited evidence exists on micronutrient intakes over time in Bangladesh.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We assessed trends and adequacies in micronutrient intakes and examined the changes in inequities by age group, sex, and expenditure quintile.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used panel data from the 2011 and 2018 Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey (n = 21,475 and 21,589 household members aged 2 y or older, respectively). Food consumption data were collected using a household dietary recall. Changes in micronutrient intakes were assessed using nonparametric Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon rank sum test. Inequities in outcomes were examined using the slope index of inequality and concentration index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Micronutrient intakes remained suboptimal across 2011 and 2018, with low adequacy (<0.50) for all nutrients except niacin. While vitamin A intake increased across various demographics, trends for other micronutrient intakes differed by age. Intakes improved for 10 micronutrients among children aged 2 to <5 y but increased for only half of the examined micronutrients among children aged 5-9 y. For adolescents and adults, most micronutrient intakes slightly declined, with greater inadequacies observed among females than those among males. Pregnant women experienced sharper declines in adequacy of micronutrient intakes than lactating women. The mean probability of adequacy (MPA) was low (around one-third) for all age groups with lower MPA among poorer than that among richer households across age, sex, and survey years. Inequity gaps in MPA mostly declined, except for females aged 50 y or older and pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Micronutrient intakes and adequacies remain suboptimal and have decreased marginally over time for many nutrients and MPA across most age groups. Inequities in micronutrient intakes persist by age, sex, and income levels, disproportionately affecting the poor, adults, and women. Our study calls for evidence-based policies and programs that incorporate a range of proven approaches and tailored solutions to effectively tackle persisting inequities and ensure access to healthy diets for all.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproducibility and Validity of Plant-Based Dietary Indices in the Cancer Prevention Study-3 Diet Assessment Substudy.","authors":"Benjamin A Cousineau, Ellen L Mitchell, Rebecca A Hodge, Viola Vaccarino, Jessica A Alvarez, W Dana Flanders, Aryeh D Stein, Diane C Mitchell, Marjorie L McCullough, Terryl J Hartman","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.11.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.11.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Overall Plant-based Diet Index (PDI), the Healthful Plant-based Diet Index (hPDI), and the Unhealthful Plant-based Diet Index (uPDI) are relatively new tools for characterizing the quality of plant-based dietary patterns in epidemiologic studies. Reproducibility and validity of these indices have not been assessed across populations.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility and validity of PDI, hPDI, and uPDI in a racially and ethnically diverse population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (n = 433 women, n = 244 men, n = 417 non-Hispanic White, n = 159 non-Hispanic Black, and n = 101 Hispanic) from the 2015-2016 Cancer Prevention Study 3 Dietary Assessment Substudy (CPS-3 DAS) completed the CPS-3 Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) on 2 occasions (FFQ1 and FFQ2) and ≤6 24-h dietary recalls (24HRs) over 1 y. Plant-based diet scores were calculated using energy-adjusted food group intakes from each FFQ and mean 24HRs. Pearson correlations were used to evaluate reproducibility of each score between FFQs. Validity of the scores derived from FFQ2 was assessed relative to the mean of the 24HRs and blood and urine biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pearson correlations for reproducibility between FFQs for men and women were 0.64 and 0.66 for PDI, 0.85 and 0.80 for hPDI, and 0.84 and 0.78 for uPDI. Pearson correlations for validity between FFQ2 and the mean 24HRs for PDI, hPDI, and uPDI for men were 0.54, 0.68, and 0.60, respectively, and for women were 0.49, 0.0.62, and 0.62, respectively. Biomarkers of most carotenoids, total protein, sodium, and potassium showed correlations ≥0.20 with certain plant-based diet scores. Reproducibility and validity were moderate to good in all racial/ethnic subgroups and were highest in non-Hispanic White adults.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was good reproducibility and moderate to good validity of PDI within the CPS-3 FFQ. Future work should continue to validate these indices across populations with varied diets and dietary measurement tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Polyphenol Intake, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Metabolic Syndrome in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).","authors":"Renata A Carnauba, Flavia M Sarti, Camille P Coutinho, Neuza Ma Hassimotto, Dirce M Marchioni, Paulo A Lotufo, Isabela M Bensenor, Franco M Lajolo","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.11.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.11.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fruit- and vegetable-rich diets may protect against metabolic syndrome (MetS), partly due to their high polyphenol content.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examined the association between dietary polyphenol intake, MetS risk, and cardiometabolic factors in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 6387 participants (mean age 49.8 y, 65% female) were included. Food intake was assessed via a semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire with polyphenol content from the Phenol-Explorer database. MetS was defined using the Joint Interim Statement. Logistic regressions assessed associations between polyphenol intake tertiles and cardiometabolic risk factors, as well as the odds of MetS during the follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median of 8.19 y follow-up, 2031 cases of MetS occurred. The second and third tertiles of total polyphenol intake were associated with 22% and 23% lower odds of MetS, respectively, after adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and dietary factors (T2 vs. T1, odds ratio [OR] 0.78 [95% confidence interval {CI}: 0.68, 0.90]; T3 vs. T1, OR 0.77 [0.66, 0.90]). Inverse associations were also found between phenolic acids, lignans, stilbenes, other polyphenols, and the odds of MetS. Although no significant link was observed for total flavonoids, flavan-3-ols showed inverse associations with MetS (monomers: T3 vs. T1, OR 0.92 [0.80, 0.94]; dimers to polymers: T3 vs. T1, OR 0.82 [0.70, 0.96]). Total polyphenol intake was also inversely associated with waist-hip ratio, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, and C-reactive protein, and positively associated with total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher intakes of dietary polyphenols, particularly phenolic acids, lignans, stilbenes, other polyphenols, and flavan-3-ols, were inversely associated with the odds of MetS and its components. These findings suggest that promoting polyphenol-rich diets could be a valuable strategy in reducing cardiometabolic risk and preventing MetS in the population, potentially informing dietary guidelines and public health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142751062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abomasal Infusion of Deuterium-Labeled Choline Confirms that Choline is a Methyl Donor in Gestating and Lactating Holstein Dairy Cattle.","authors":"Tanya L France, Andres F Ortega, Andrew T Richards, Miranda J Farricker, Ananda Bp Fontoura, Joseph W McFadden","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.11.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.11.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In cattle, dietary choline is fed in a rumen-protected form to bypass ruminal degradation while allowing intestinal absorption of choline. We require data to help us define choline utilization in the dairy cow transitioning from gestation to lactation.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study examined choline methyl group transfer in dairy cattle transitioning from gestation to lactation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six multiparous, rumen-cannulated Holstein cows were enrolled in a longitudinal study design where they were abomasally infused with choline chloride (CC) for a 5-d experimental period at -3 wk from the expected due date and again at 2 wk postpartum. Twenty percent of CC provided per day was replaced with the stable-isotope trimethyl-d9-CC. Plasma, milk, liver, urine, and fecal samples were analyzed for choline and choline metabolite concentrations and isotope enrichment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Plasma betaine (P < 0.01) and liver choline and betaine concentrations were lower during lactation (P < 0.01). During lactation, cows had greater circulating enrichment of d3-choline, d3-betaine, d9-betaine, and d9-phosphatidylcholine (PC; P ≤ 0.05), and greater liver enrichment of d3-glycerophosphorylcholine and d9-sphingomyelin (P ≤ 0.02). Greater urinary and fecal losses of d3- and d9-trimethylamine (TMA), and d3- and d9-TMA N-oxide (TMAO) were observed during pregnancy (P ≤ 0.05). Total choline metabolites detected in urine from infused CC were greater during pregnancy, relative to lactation (P < 0.01). Total fecal choline metabolites from infused CC were greater during lactation than during pregnancy (P = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data confirm that choline is a methyl donor (e.g., detected d3-choline), and choline is used by both the cytidine diphosphate-choline and phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyl transferase pathways in the cow during gestation and lactation. We also provide evidence for the endogenous recycling of absorbed choline via bile (i.e. presence of d3-TMA). Degradation of choline to TMA and TMAO must be considered when evaluating choline bioavailability.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Anticancer Effects of Phytochemicals: From Molecular Docking to Anticarcinogenic Signaling.","authors":"Fuwei Tian, Shuhong Sun, Zehe Ge, Yuqian Ge, Xin Ge, Zhumei Shi, Xu Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.11.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.11.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As nontraditional nutrients, the biological activity of phytochemicals have been extensively studied for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and apoptosis-promoting effects in various diseases. The general anticancer benefits of phytochemicals have been demonstrated in both basic researches and clinical trials. However, researchers understanding of how phytochemicals target cancer-related signaling pathways is still in its infancy. Molecular docking simulation analyses have yielded a large amount of cellular target molecules of phytochemicals. Herein, we review the potential signaling pathways that may be involved in the phytochemical-driven cancer benefits. We expect these findings to help in the design of potential cancer treatments designed by manipulating the binding modes and sites of these plant chemicals.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lutein Emulsion Stabilized by a Food-Grade Biopolymer Enhanced Lutein Bioavailability and Improved Retinal Vessel Morphology in Neonatal Rats with Retinopathy of Prematurity.","authors":"Yanqi Zhang, Nolan McKibben, Qi Li, Chao Zhao, Libo Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of blindness in infants, affecting 32% of hospitalized preterm infants. Oxidative stress, a primary pathogenic factor in ROP, triggers abnormal neovascularization of retinal vessels. Lutein, an antioxidant and the main component of macular pigment, is found in low levels in preterm infants and may help ameliorate ROP. However, its low bioavailability limits its application as a nutritional intervention.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study aimed to assess the effect of a lutein emulsion stabilized by a food-grade biopolymer on lutein bioavailability in neonatal rats with ROP and examine the effects of both unemulsified lutein and lutein emulsion on the disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Neonatal rats were subcutaneously administered KRN 633 (10 mg/kg body weight) on postnatal days 7 and 8 (P7 and P8) to induce ROP. Neonatal rats that did not receive the treatment served as the control. From P9 to P21, both ROP and non-ROP rats were divided into 3 groups and given daily doses of olive oil, unemulsified lutein (2 mg/kg body weight lutein), or lutein emulsion (2 mg/kg body weight lutein). On P22, serum and tissues were collected. Lutein concentrations were measured using ultra-performance liquid chromatography, and retinal morphology was assessed using immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Rats treated with lutein emulsion had significantly higher serum and tissue lutein concentrations than those receiving unemulsified lutein. Morphological assessments showed that ROP rats had more tortuous arteries, increased capillary density, enlarged vessels, reduced astrocyte density, and decreased neuronal cells. Both unemulsified lutein and lutein emulsion alleviated these abnormalities, with lutein emulsion showing superior efficacy in restoring neuronal cell levels to normal in the peripheral retina.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lutein, in both unemulsified and emulsified forms, effectively inhibited ROP progression in neonatal rats. The biopolymer-based lutein emulsion showed promise as a delivery system to enhance lutein bioavailability and mitigate ROP in preterm infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Postbiotics in B-Cell-Mediated Immune Regulation.","authors":"Ran Wang, Yifei F Yu, Weiru R Yu, Siyuan Y Sun, Yumei M Lei, Yixuan X Li, Chenxu X Lu, Jianan N Zhai, Feirong R Bai, Fazheng Ren, Jiaqiang Q Huang, Juan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.11.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics can significantly influence B-cell-related diseases through their immunomodulatory effects. They enhance the immune system's function, particularly affecting B cells, which originate in the bone marrow and are crucial for antibody production and immune memory. These substances have therapeutic potential in managing allergies, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory conditions by regulating the gut microbiota, strengthening epithelial barriers, and directly interacting with various components of the innate and adaptive immune systems. The review highlights the critical need for further research into the precise mechanisms through which probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics modulate B cells. Gaining this understanding could facilitate the development of more effective treatments for B-cell-related diseases by harnessing the immunomodulatory properties of these dietary components.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Mechanisms Underlying the Association Between the Profertility Diet and In Vitro Fertilization End Points.","authors":"Robert B Hood, Donghai Liang, Yilin Wang, Youran Tan, Irene Souter, Dean P Jones, Russ Hauser, Jorge E Chavarro, Audrey J Gaskins","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.11.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The profertility diet is a dietary pattern composed of nutrients and foods most consistently associated with in vitro fertilization (IVF) end points in women.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We examined the potential biological mechanisms underlying the association between adherence to a profertility diet and IVF end points using high-resolution metabolomics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Among 120 women who underwent an autologous oocyte IVF cycle (2007-2015) in Northeast United States, we collected a serum sample during controlled ovarian stimulation and a follicular fluid sample on the day of oocyte retrieval. Women completed a food frequency questionnaire upon enrollment into the study to examine adherence to the profertility diet pattern. Liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry was used for untargeted metabolomic analysis of biospecimens. We identified metabolic features (and enriched biological pathways) associated with the profertility diet and 2 IVF end points, live birth and clinical pregnancy, via a meet-in-the-middle approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the follicular fluid metabolome, vitamin D-3 metabolism was associated with adherence to the profertility diet pattern and live birth. Additionally, vitamin D-3 metabolism, vitamin B-6 metabolism, and bile acid biosynthesis were associated with both adherence to the profertility diet pattern and clinical pregnancy. In the serum metabolome, only tryptophan metabolism was associated with adherence to the profertility diet pattern and live birth. We confirmed the chemical identity of a metabolite with level 1 evidence, 4-pyridoxate, which was higher in the serum and follicular fluid among women with stronger adherence to the profertility diet pattern and among women with a live birth.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The beneficial association between adherence to the profertility diet and IVF outcomes may be mediated through vitamin D-3 metabolism, vitamin B-6 metabolism, and bile acid biosynthesis in the follicular fluid and tryptophan metabolism in the serum. These results provide new insight in the important biological pathways underlying a dietary pattern providing optimal fertility benefits to women.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}