Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection最新文献

{"title":"Retinal and choroidal detachment following corneal wasp sting: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Shaofei Xue, Jiang Yao, Daniel Hillarion Scotland, Yuanyuan Qi","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00510-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00510-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Ocular injuries caused by wasp stings are rare but potentially devastating. This report describes a case of severe retinal and choroidal detachment secondary to corneal wasp envenomation, with a focus on pathogenesis and management challenges.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 63-year-old female sustained a left corneal wasp sting, progressing to corneal edema, hypopyon, retinal-choroidal detachment, and eventual light perception loss. Despite medical therapy (topical corticosteroids, antibiotics), the patient declined surgical intervention, ultimately resulting in evisceration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Wasp venom triggers synergistic neurotoxic and immune-mediated damage, emphasizing the necessity of individualized management. Clinicians should prioritize multimodal approaches to mitigate irreversible vision loss in such cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12263537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical findings, outcomes following management and complications of acute retinal necrosis: the experience of a tertiary eye centre in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Enas Magharbil, Faisal Al-Qahtani, Maram Al-Enazi, Abdulrahman H Badawi, Nora Alyousif, Moustafa S Magliyah, Hassan Al-Dhibi","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00511-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00511-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To study the clinical picture, outcomes and the complications of acute retinal necrosis (ARN) in a tertiary eye hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is retrospective chart review of all patients who were diagnosed with ARN and were treated and followed up at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital (KKESH). Details of clinical examinations, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) results, systemic and topical treatments, complications and managements of complications were obtained.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty eight eyes of 26 patients were included. The results of PCR were positive in 22 eyes. Systemic antiviral therapy with intravenous Acyclovir 10 mg/Kg three times daily was given to all cases. Eight patients were treated with intravitreal ganciclovir injections. Fifteen eyes (56.3%) had rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and 11 of them had surgical interventions. The risk of developing RRD was significantly high in severe vitritis (P = 0.007, OR = 3.825), diffuse or multifocal retinitis (P = 0.010, OR = 1.04) and the larger extent of retinitis (P = 0.016). The final visual outcome was worse among eyes which developed RRD (LogMAR 1.6 ± 0.94, Snellen = 20/800) than eyes which did not develop RRD (LogMAR 0.81 ± 0.84, Snellen = 20/125) and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.031).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The visual outcomes of ARN are significantly worse in eyes which develop RRD. More severe and larger extent of posterior segment involvement confer higher risks of RRD development in ARN.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12214190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144540589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal infiltration depth threshold for low-temperature plasma ablation in fungal keratitis.","authors":"Zhengwei Yang, Miaomiao Liu, Guihua Yang, Lijin Wen, Juan Yang, Hanqiao Li, Zhiwen Xie, Xie Fang, Shunrong Luo, Xianwen Xiao, Yuan Lin, Huping Wu","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00501-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00501-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To identify prognostic factors and their optimal thresholds influencing the treatment outcome of low-temperature plasma ablation therapy in patients with fungal keratitis (FK).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The clinical information of fifty-one patients with FK treated with low-temperature plasma ablation at Xiamen Eye Center from 2018 to 2024 was retrospectively analyzed. Patients were categorized into Responder and Non-Responder groups based on their response to treatment: complete/partial healing (Responder group) versus disease progression or need for additional surgery (Non-Responder group). Differences in demographic and clinical characteristics between the two groups were compared. Additionally, exact univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify prognostic factors. Lastly, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was utilized to determine the cut-off value for significant prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 51 patients, 37 were classified in the Responder group and 14 in the Non-Responder group. Univariate analysis revealed significant differences in the presence of hypopyon (p = 0.038), ulcer size (p = 0.002), infiltration depth (p = 0.001), and paracentral ulcer location (p = 0.030) between the groups. Multivariate analysis identified infiltration depth (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.05-1.91, p = 0.024) as the sole significant independent prognostic factor. ROC analysis demonstrated excellent discrimination ability for infiltration depth, with an area under the curve of 0.966. Finally, the optimal threshold for infiltration depth was determined to be 0.48, exhibiting a sensitivity of 92.86% and specificity of 91.89%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Low-temperature plasma ablation represents an effective treatment for FK, with infiltration depth serving as a crucial prognostic indicator. The identified threshold provides valuable guidance for patient selection. Nonetheless, larger prospective studies are warranted to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12214183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144540590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective analysis of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada's recurrence within a case series of nineteen patients followed between 2003 and 2018 in an academic center.","authors":"Alexandra Kozyreff, Alice Bughin, Chantal Lefebvre, Lucie Pothen, Halil Yildiz","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00498-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00498-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12214209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144540591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacotherapy for non-infectious uveitis: spotlight on phase III clinical trials of locally injected or implanted therapeutics and systemic immunomodulatory drugs.","authors":"Melissa K Shields, Lisia Barros Ferreira, Syed B Ali, Liana Dedina, Lyndell L Lim, Eric B Suhler, Justine R Smith","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00502-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00502-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12141190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent uveitis in monozygotic twins in the context of systemic sarcoidosis.","authors":"Doaa Maamoun Ashour, Reem Mohsen, Rahma A Elziaty, Omnia Bahaa Attia, Haytham Samy Diab, Caroline Atef Tawfik","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00504-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00504-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report a case of two monozygotic twins presenting with simultaneous onset of bilateral uveitis of variable phenotypic presentations, one of whom was pathologically confirmed to have sarcoidosis.</p><p><strong>Observation: </strong>Two 21-year-old monozygotic male twins (Twin A and Twin B) presented with bilateral red eyes and photophobia of six weeks' duration. Their past medical history included learning difficulties and low IQ since early childhood. Twin A was operated for Celiac Artery Compression Syndrome. Examination and work-up revealed that Twin A had bilateral anterior granulomatous uveitis, and retinal phlebitis in addition to hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. A biopsy was taken, and histopathological examination showed non-caseating granuloma. Twin B had bilateral non-granulomatous anterior uveitis, chorioretinal lesions, and peripheral retinal vasculitis. Genetic testing in the form of a Whole Exome Sequencing was done, and no causal variant was detected for uveitis or sarcoidosis, however, a homozygous likely pathogenic duplication in SYNGAP1 was detected. This mutation is associated with autosomal dominant intellectual developmental disorder.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first-reported case of concurrent bilateral uveitis in monozygotic twins, with confirmed sarcoidosis in one. This presentation highlights the role of genetic predisposition and shared environmental factors in disease onset and clinical manifestations. Further research into the genetic-environmental interplay is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying simultaneous disease onset and guide personalized monitoring strategies for at-risk families.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12125438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood-onset ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid presenting with peripheral ulcerative keratitis: a case report and review of the literature.","authors":"Eugenia M Ramos-Dávila, Raul E Ruiz-Lozano, Alejandro Rodríguez-García, Carlos Álvarez-Guzmán","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00480-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00480-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to describe the case of a pediatric patient diagnosed with mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) with exclusive ocular involvement presenting at diagnosis with peripheral ulcerative keratitis and provide a review of the literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 12-year-old girl presented with cicatricial conjunctivitis and peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK). A conjunctival biopsy and direct immunofluorescence revealed linear deposits of IgG, IgM, and C3 at the basement membrane zone, confirming a diagnosis of ocular MMP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patient was initially treated with dapsone 25 mg/day and prednisone 40 mg/day along with topical treatment including cyclosporine 0.05%, loteprednol etabonate 0.05%, and sodium hyaluronate 0.15% and trehalose 3%. Inflammation persisted as an increase in the extension of symblepharon was documented. Subsequently, dapsone was switched to oral methotrexate 15 mg/week and prednisone was successfully tapered to 5 mg/day. After three years of follow-up, disease activity remained quiescent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pediatric mucous membrane pemphigoid with ocular involvement is a rare condition of which few reports have been published, resulting in scarce information regarding its clinical course and response to treatment. We report the first case observed in a Hispanic patient, opening with peripheral ulcerative keratitis, and responding successfully to methotrexate.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12123039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144174080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of Stemphylium lycopersici keratitis, a complex corneal infection case.","authors":"Zixiang Zhao, Siyu Leng, Yuhao Zou, Lijuan Xiang, Yunke Li, Yi Liu, Chongyang Wang, Man Yu","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00505-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00505-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Filamentous fungi are among the emerging causes of infections, although corneal infections caused by these fungi are rare, they can lead to severe clinical outcomes. In this report, we present the first documented case of keratitis caused by Stemphylium lycopersici, a filamentous hemipteran fungus of the Pleosporaceae family. A 66-year-old man presented conjunctival redness, irritation, and visual deterioration in his left eye, following a stone chip injury that occurred five months earlier. Despite multiple treatments, the causative pathogen remained unidentified, leading to worsening symptoms and significant vision loss. This deterioration led the patient to seek care at our hospital. An in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) examination suggested a fungal infection. Consequently, antifungal medications were administered, but the condition did not improve. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) examination of corneal scrapings revealed a mixed infection with S. lycopersici and human alphaherpesvirus 1. This definitive diagnosis facilitated the implementation of targeted therapy, leading to progressive symptomatic improvement. Early and rapid pathogen identification using mNGS analysis of corneal scrapings enables accurate management of infectious keratitis, contributing to visual recovery and reducing the risk of resistance to corneal pathogenic microbes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and microbiological profile of patients with fungal keratitis demonstrating unusual yeast-like structures in potassium hydroxide with calcofluor white preparation of corneal scraping.","authors":"Sikha Misra, Savitri Sharma, Manas Ranjan Barik, Nisha Rani, Sujata Das, Srikant Kumar Sahu, Smruti Rekha Priyadarshini, Himansu Sekhar Behera","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00479-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00479-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To report a case series of microbial keratitis showing atypical yeast-like structures in direct microscopy which were culture-negative but subsequently identified as yeast cells by PCR and DNA sequencing.</p><p><strong>Main text: </strong>This is a retrospective, non-comparative case series of eight patients with infectious keratitis, where smear examination (potassium hydroxide + calcofluor white) showed spore like structures resembling yeast. There was no growth in any solid culture media. Routine PCR assay was performed using pan fungal primers followed by Sanger sequencing and nucleotide sequences were analysed using NCBI-BLAST software. Medical treatment in all patients were initiated based on clinical suspicion and presumptive microbiology report. Therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty was performed for patients not responding to medical antifungal therapy. Demographic, clinical data were collected for each patient from electronic medical records of the patients and outcome analysed. Amplification of fungal DNA was seen in the PCR assay of all samples. Nucleotide sequences of the amplicons obtained after Sanger sequencing and NCBI-BLAST analysis were found identical to Candida albicans (n = 7) and Citeromyces matriensis (n = 1). Patients were treated with antifungal drugs such as topical natamycin 5% or amphotericin B 0.15%. Ulcer resolved with scarring in 5 patients (62.5%), one patient had failed graft after therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty (12.5%), one (12.5%) eye became phthisical and one patient (12.5%) was lost to follow up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Atypical structures resembling yeast-like cells detected in direct smear examination in the absence of growth in culture media should raise the suspicion of a fungal etiology and warrant further investigations to establish the diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada-like syndrome: A descriptive systematic review.","authors":"Huixin Anna Zhang, Amelia T Yuan, Noémie Chiasson, Kevin Y Wu, Ananda Kalevar","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00484-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00484-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Topic: </strong>Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH)-like uveitis is uniquely reported with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and BRAF/MEK inhibitors. This article aims to provide a comprehensive portrait of the comorbidities, ocular presentations, treatments, and visual outcomes of patients with VKH-like uveitis following ICI therapy.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>ICIs are increasingly used in cancer therapy, but poorly understood ocular immune-related adverse events (irAEs) can lead to suspension of treatment and be vision-threatening.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review (PROSPERO #CRD42024558269) according to PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and Web of Science were searched for English articles published up to June 28, 2024. All study designs reporting on incident VKH-like uveitis following ICI were included. Risk of Bias was assessed using a tool modified from Murad et al. (2018).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 865 articles, we included 42 articles (4 observational studies, 28 case reports, 6 case series, 3 letters, and 1 editorial) from 12 countries, comprising 52 patients. The mean age was 60.0 ± 11.9 years, and 32 (61.5%) were females. Thirty-six (69.2%) had melanoma, and most were undergoing treatment with a PD-1 inhibitor alone (n = 33, 63.5%) or in combination with a CTLA-4 inhibitor (n = 10, 19.2%). The mean duration of ICI treatment before VKH-like uveitis symptoms was 22.2 ± 29.6 weeks, and the mean duration of ocular symptoms was 16.7 ± 18.6 weeks, with wide variation. Overall, 43 patients (73.1%) had imaging or exams suggesting bilateral involvement and 21 cases (40.4%) suggesting panuveitis. Only 31 cases (59.6%) met the acute initial-onset uveitis criteria, and 15 (28.8%) met the chronic phase criteria. Most (n = 47, 90.4%) required systemic or intravitreal steroids, termination of ICI (n = 31, 59.6%), and experienced full resolution or remission of visual symptoms (n = 43, 82.7%). Most articles (n = 40, 95.2%) were judged to be at medium risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This descriptive systematic review consisted mostly of case reports, but it confirmed that a high proportion of VKH-like uveitis occur with PD-1 inhibitors and melanoma patients. VKH-like uveitis can lead to suspension of treatment. Further collaboration between oncologists and ophthalmologists is needed in the continuum of cancer care.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}