Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of water-free topical cyclosporine for moderate to severe dry eye disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ahmed Hamed Rehan, Hassan El-Masry, Roaa Abdultawab, Manahil Ahmed, Rawan Ashraf Kasem, Mohammad Al Diab Al Azzawi, Shree Rath","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00467-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00467-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dry eye disease (DED) is a widely prevalent ocular symptom, with an estimated global prevalence of around 12%. The increasing prevalence of this disease among adults poses a significant morbidity burden. The aim of this study is to analyze the efficacy and safety of water-free cyclosporine, a new intervention suggested to be more effective in treating DED.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases as PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus and Web of Science. Keywords used include \"dry eye\", \"water-free cyclosporine\", and \"DED\" among others. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the use of water-free cyclosporine in patients with dry eye disease were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4 RCTs were included in our analysis, consisting of 1,471 participants. Primarily, efficacy outcomes were evaluated such as total and central corneal fluorescence staining score (tCFS and cCFS) and dryness score. Our secondary outcomes evaluated the safety of these drugs by considering the treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) reported. Water-Free cyclosporine showed no significant improvement in tCFS (MD: -1.08; 95% CI, -3.48 to 1.32) and cCFS (MD: -0.21, 95% CI, -0.50 to 0.08). However, water free cyclosporine showed statistically and clinically significant results in improving the dryness score (MD, -7.48; 95% CI, -14.5 to -.082). Pooled analysis of total participants reporting TEAEs, ocular and serious TEAEs was not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our meta-analysis analyzed the safety and efficacy of water-free topical 0.1% cyclosporine eye drops for the treatment of moderate to severe DED. A significant reduction in dryness scores provides hope for further development of this drug, potentiated with the little to no significant increase in risk of adverse events. There is a need for diverse trials with a greater population to validate these results and generate rigorous evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inadequacies in uveitis: misnomers, incongruencies, persistence of obsolete terminologies & inappropriate guidelines, treatment inadequacies, and misinterpretations.","authors":"Carl P Herbort, Ioannis Papasavvas, Masaru Takeuchi, Yoshihiko Usui, De-Kuang Hwang, Sagnik Sen","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00470-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00470-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inadequacies in medicine are manifold including inadequate influence of opinion leaders and consensus groups on terminology, diagnostic criteria and treatment guidelines, obsolete classifications and terms as well as misinterpretations of disease mechanisms. This is no different for uveitis and possibly even more pronounced as these are rare entities.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To underline inadequacies in uveitis including inadequate diagnostic criteria and treatment guidelines, misnomers, obsolescence of terminology, misinterpretation of disease processes and inadequate or underuse of investigative modalities in uveitis. This is a first report to be followed by others.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A critical retrospective literature review of selected inadequacies in uveitis practice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We investigate the mechanism of abuse of power of opinion leaders through the historical events such as the delay in acceptance of antiviral treatment for zoster ophthalmicus, report inadequacies and misnomers resulting from opinion articles or opinion surveys, inadequate treatment guidelines such as for Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH) , delays in adopting appropriate classifications, inappropriate pathophysiological interpretations such as for multiple evanescent white dot syndromes (MEWDS), reluctance to implement ICGA use, a crucial biomarker for choroiditis, among others.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Inadequacies in uveitis are not so rare and often result from inadequate influence of opinion leaders oe groups. Some are harmless although annoying, such as misnomers, while others can be harmful such as inadequate treatment guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare bilateral corneoscleral perforation secondary to ocular tuberculosis: a case report and clinical insights.","authors":"Justin Dreyer, Lauren Kiryakoza, Jonathan Tijerina, Thomas Albini, Guillermo Amescua","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00472-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00472-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This case represents a rare presentation of bilateral corneoscleral perforation secondary to presumed ocular mycobacterium tuberculosis infection with the goal of reporting a case of bilateral corneoscleral perforation in the setting of a positive interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) test.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>A 27-year-old patient presented with five months of redness, worsening eye pain, and five days of decreasing vision. Visual acuity (VA) was counting fingers bilaterally. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was 10 mmHg and 19 mmHg in the right and left eye, respectively. A slit lamp examination disclosed conjunctival injection, corneal haze, bilateral mutton-fat keratic precipitates, and a hypopyon in both eyes. The right eye had a 1.5 mm × 1.5 mm Seidel-positive corneal perforation with uveal prolapse. Similarly, the left eye had a 0.5 mm × 0.5 mm Seidel-negative inferior corneal perforation with uveal plugging. The chest X-ray showed a left-sided pleural effusion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Computed tomography (CT) of the face and sinuses showed bilateral circumferential globe thickening. IGRA was positive. All other rheumatologic and infectious workups were negative, including HIV, ACE, ANA, ANCA, CRP, anti-scleroderma antibody and HCV. The patient was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone and seven months of rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. This workup shows the rare bilateral corneal involvement of ocular tuberculosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11880446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scleritis in Iran.","authors":"Sahba Fekri, Reza Esmaili Fallah, Masoud Soheilian, Seyed-Hossein Abtahi, Hosein Nouri","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00473-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00473-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To present the demographic and clinical presentations of anterior scleritis among Iranian patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective case-series at a tertiary center in Iran, identified and analyzed anterior scleritis cases admitted from 2008 to 2018. Extracted data included demographics, clinical features, background systemic diseases, utilized therapies, and follow-up data on visual outcomes, ocular complications, and recurrence rate. Patients with incomplete records were excluded from the analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-five patients (83 eyes) with anterior scleritis were included, with a female predilection (77%) and a mean age (± SD; range) of 44.8 (± 14.6; 11-81). Diffuse and necrotizing scleritis were the most and least common subtypes, respectively. Bilateral involvement (28% at baseline, 44.6% eventually) and concurrent keratitis (10.7%) or uveitis (16.9%) were documented in some cases. Most cases were idiopathic (61.5%). Scleritis was the initial manifestation of autoimmune diseases in six patients. In addition to oral and/or intravenous corticosteroid therapy, most of our patients (70.7%) were treated with immunosuppressive regimens. No inter-subtype difference was noted in recurrence rate and time to treatment cessation. Necrotizing subtype was associated with worse visual outcomes and more frequent ocular complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite limitations in data collection and follow-up, our findings contribute valuable insights into the clinical characteristics and management of scleritis in a group of Iranian patients for the first time.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11880481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome of photodynamic therapy with Rose Bengal in conjunction with topical PHMB and chlorhexidine combination in Acanthamoeba keratitis.","authors":"Bhupesh Bagga, Lakshminarayanan Gowtham, Lalit Kishore Ahirwar, Debkuntal Sen, Saumya Jakati, Md Hasnat Ali, Savitri Sharma","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00466-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00466-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report the outcome of Acanthamoeba keratitis, with early addition of Photo-dynamic antimicrobial therapy with Rose Bengal (PDAT-RB) to the medical treatment (combination of 0.02% Polyhexamethylene Biguanide (PH)and 0.02% chlorhexidine(CH)).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients were recruited based on the infiltrate size being < 8 mm and limited to the mid stroma, < 300µ, and confirmed microbiological diagnosis. Along with the continuation of PHMB + CH, patients were also treated with PDAT-RB twice with a gap of one week using 0.1% w/v RB and green LED (525 nm) array immediately after the confirmation of diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 14 patients were enrolled. All the enrolled patients received adjuvant PDAT-RB within 5 (2.5 to 11) days of diagnosis. The average diameter and median depth of the infiltrate were 5.7 ± 1.56(V), 5.9 ± 1.38(H) mm, and 250 (250 to 300)µ, respectively. The mean LogMAR visual acuity at the time of presentation was 2.52 ± 0.95. Out of 14 enrolled patients, infection was resolved in 12 (85.7%) patients, whereas 2 (14.3%) patients needed TPK. The median days to resolve were 110 (67 to 150) days. The final mean LogMAR Visual acuity at the end of the follow-up was 1.60 ± 1.3.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study demonstrates the effective resolution of Acanthamoeba keratitis when treated with early adjuvant photodynamic antimicrobial therapy using Rose Bengal (PDAT-RB).</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative conjunctival flora and antibiotic susceptibility in cataract surgery patients at Ibn Al-Haitham teaching eye hospital in Baghdad, Iraq.","authors":"Mohammed A Fenjan, Furkaan Majied Hamied, Ahmed Sermed Al Sakini, Hamzeh Khorsheed, Sandra Thair Al-Aish","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00471-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00471-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endophthalmitis is a rare but severe eye inflammatory disorder caused by bacterial infection that can occur after cataract surgery. Most bacteria are part of the patient's natural flora, and even with antibiotic treatment, it causes considerable ocular morbidity and vision loss.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the preoperative conjunctival flora and their antibiotic susceptibility in patients undergoing cataract surgery at Ibn Al-Haitham Teaching Eye Hospital, a tertiary ophthalmology center in Baghdad, Iraq.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional, single-center study based on conjunctival swabs of patients prior to cataract surgery and cultured using blood agar, chocolate agar, MacConkey agar, and Sabouraud agar. Bacterial isolates were identified using Gram staining and biochemical tests, and antibiotic sensitivity was determined using the disc diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS Statistics Version 23.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 200 patients (200 conjunctival swabs of consecutive 200 eyes) scheduled for cataract surgery were included. Positive cultures were found in 45 (24%) patients. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most frequently isolated microorganism (75% of isolates), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (14.58%), Aspergillus species (6.25%), and E. coli (4.17%). S. epidermidis showed the highest sensitivity to ofloxacin (97.2%) and chloramphenicol (94.4%) and the lowest sensitivity to fusidic acid (11.1%) and ceftazidime (5.6%). S. aureus exhibited the highest sensitivity to chloramphenicol (100%) and tobramycin (85.7%) but was completely resistant to ceftazidime and fusidic acid (100% resistance). E. coli isolates were 100% sensitive to ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and chloramphenicol.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study revealed conjunctival microbial colonization in 24% of cataract surgery candidates, with S. epidermidis being the most prevalent isolate. Chloramphenicol, ofloxacin, Tobramycin, and Ciprofloxacin showed high sensitivity. Fusidic acid and Ceftazidime exhibited negligible sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11867984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial contamination of therapeutic contact lenses after photorefractive keratectomy: a prospective analysis.","authors":"Mohammad Soleimani, Omid Behjati Najafabadi, Mehrnaz Atighehchian, Alireza Razavi, Zohreh Abedinifar, Seyed Ali Tabatabaei, Hassan Asadigandomani","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00469-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00469-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The objective of this study was to examine bacterial contamination in therapeutic contact lenses (TCLs) utilized following photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and to identify factors correlated to positive culture outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study comprised 120 eyes from 60 patients who underwent bilateral PRK surgery at Farabi Eye Hospital in 2022. TCLs, applied postoperatively, were collected between the fifth and seventh days, placed in sterile containers with culture media, and analyzed for microbial growth. The documentation included patient demographic information, refractive status, preoperative conditions, culture results, and antibiotic susceptibility data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated microbial growth was detected in seven lenses, which accounts for 5.8% of the total number of lenses (120 TCLs). Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) (4 lenses, 2 methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS)), Escherichia coli (E. coli) (1 lens), diphtheroid (1 lens), and micrococcus species (1 lens) were the isolated organisms. The patients did not experience any instances of microbial keratitis during the study period. Patients with positive cultures demonstrated a significantly higher mean age (35.00 ± 7.09 years, P-value = 0.036). No significant gender disparities were identified (P-value = 0.263).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incidence of microbial contamination in postoperative TCLs following PRK was minimal, with no occurrence of microbial keratitis. Older ages correlated with positive culture outcomes, highlighting the necessity for customized postoperative care approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143502137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative levels of interferon gamma as a biomarker in the aqueous and serum samples of infectious and noninfectious uveitis patients.","authors":"Sahar Saad Eldeen Mohamed Shaban, Hend Mohammed Safwat, Abeer Mohammed Abdelmohymen, Donia Ahmed Hassan, Mona Nabeh Mansour, Hanan Said Mohammed, Nora Seliem, Shahinaz El Attar, Doaa Refaat Amin, Seham Kamal Ahmed Khirala, Aya Ahmed Ghamry, Mona Gamal El Din Al Anany, Shaymaa Fathy Mohammed","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00461-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00461-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To study the utility of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) as a differentiating biomarker by assessing the aqueous humour and serum of patients with infectious and noninfectious uveitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 40 patients with acute uveitis were divided into 2 groups (18 patients with infectious uveitis and 22 patients with noninfectious uveitis). All the subjects underwent a full ophthalmological examination. Aqueous humour (AqH) and serum samples were collected from uveitis patients. The quantitative levels of IFN-γ in aqueous medium and serum were measured by means of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The quantitative level of IFN-γ in the aqueous humour was significantly greater (87.5 ± 81) (pg/ml) in infectious uveitis patients than in noninfectious uveitis patients (37.3 ± 9.9) (pg/ml) (p value = 0.006). However, the serum IFN-γ level (pg/ml) did not significantly differ between these groups (p value = 0.279). Thus, the IFN-γ level in the aqueous humour can be used to discriminate between infectious and noninfectious uveitis with 33.3% sensitivity and 100% specificity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Aqueous IFN-γ can be used as a biomarker for differentiating between infectious and noninfectious uveitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11861789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143502155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sudden bilateral vision loss: a case report of frosted branch angiitis following pentavalent vaccination in a 2-year-old boy.","authors":"Mohammed Falah Aljasir, Dhoha Mohammed Alhamad, Shahad Salah Alsubhi, Assaf Mohammad Almalki","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00455-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00455-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Frosted branch angiitis (FBA) is a rare form of retinal vasculitis that can lead to significant vision loss. This case report presents a unique case of idiopathic FBA in a 2-year-old boy following pentavalent vaccination.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A previously healthy 2-year-old Emirati boy presented with sudden painless bilateral vision loss for one day. His mother noted difficulty walking and a lack of interest in visual stimuli. A few days prior, the child had received a pentavalent vaccination and experienced upper respiratory tract symptoms. Ophthalmic examination revealed bilateral dilated pupils, anterior chamber inflammation, and extensive retinal vascular sheathing. Investigations were unremarkable. The patient was treated with oral Prednisolone and Acyclovir. Within two weeks, the vision improved significantly, with complete resolution of retinal vasculitis observed within one month. Over the course of one year, the patient showed no recurrence of symptoms, and only small, stable retinal scars were noted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the potential association between pentavalent vaccination and the onset of idiopathic FBA. The pathophysiology behind this association remains speculative, with potential mechanisms including immune dysregulation and molecular mimicry. Prompt recognition and treatment with systemic steroids can lead to favorable outcomes, emphasizing the importance of monitoring visual symptoms in pediatric patients following vaccination.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143502156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent orbital inflammatory syndrome as a presenting sign of multiple myeloma: a case report.","authors":"Chloe Depraetere, Ciel De Vriendt, Dimitri Roels, Elke O Kreps, Virginie G S Ninclaus","doi":"10.1186/s12348-025-00463-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-025-00463-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Orbital inflammation has a variety of underlying causes and warrants comprehensive work-up including extensive blood work and imaging studies. This case report highlights a rare presentation of multiple myeloma presenting as recurrent orbital inflammatory syndrome.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 61-year-old woman experienced brief episodes of recurrent orbital inflammation, as documented by MRI. Work-up revealed a high-risk smoldering myeloma without sufficient evidence of plasma cell-mediated orbital inflammation on the first biopsy samples. The CRAB criteria (hyperCalcemia, Renal insufficiency, Anemia, Bone lesions) were not met, nor were there formal criteria for myeloma. The appearance of crystalline keratopathy allowed for a diagnosis of multiple myeloma, as this ocular involvement demonstrated organ damage. Myeloma treatment led to a complete and ocular remission.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This case emphasizes the importance of conducting a thorough systemic work-up and the need for repeated comprehensive ophthalmologic evaluations with each flare-up of recurrent orbital inflammation. Subtle but rare changes observed during follow-up can provide critical information that may alter the diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"15 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11861820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}