Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection最新文献

{"title":"Retinal vasculitis in HLA-A29 birdshot retinochoroiditis, particularities and imaging narrative of an under-estimated and diagnostic component of the disease.","authors":"Jérôme Galand, Ioannis Papasavvas, Carl P Herbort","doi":"10.1186/s12348-024-00406-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-024-00406-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HLA-A29 birdshot retinochoroiditis (BRC) is a primary stromal choroiditis (PSC), the hallmark being the choroidal rice-shaped hypopigmented fundus lesions (\"birdshot lesions\"). BRC is characterised by dual independent retinal vasculitis and choroiditis, the former often preceding manifest choroidal lesions. The purpose of this study was to analyse the type and severity of retinal vasculitis and determine whether it represented a diagnostic contribution. Medical records of patients with the diagnosis of BRC examined in the uveitis clinic of the Centre for Ophthalmic Specialised care (COS) in Lausanne from 1994 to 2020, were retrospectively reviewed. All patients had a complete ophthalmic examination, including visual field testing, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fluorescein (FA) and indocyanine green (ICGA) angiography. Key retinal angiographic features were assessed. The study also established the angiographic score for retinal (FA) compared to choroidal involvement (ICGA). Among the 2102 newly diagnosed patients, 33 (1.57%) were diagnosed as BRC. Of the 21 patients with sufficient data included, all exhibited bilateral retinal vasculitis, of which 5 (24%) had no \"birdshot lesions\" at presentation with ICGA however always showing choroidal involvement. FA characteristics included (1) profuse retinal exudation in 17/21 cases (81%), (2) macular oedema in 17 patients (81%) with foveolar sparing for 14 of them (82%), (3) thick sheathing/staining of large posterior pole vessels in 13 patients (62%) and (4) profuse disc hyperfluorescence in all 21 patients. (5) A specific feature was the so-called pseudo arterio-venous circulatory delay in 17/21 cases (81%). The FA angiographic score at presentation was 14.49 ± 5.1 equivalent to the ICGA angiographic score of 14.29 ± 3.6, and higher than in other chorioretinitis entities. Both angiographic scores decreased similarly after treatment with a slower response of the retinal involvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Retinal vasculitis in BRC is often very pronounced and presents distinct angiographic features that help substantially in the diagnosis and understanding of the disease course. Retinal vasculitis can present initially as an isolated feature in absence of the characteristic \"birdshot lesions\". The presence of all or some of the specific FA features strongly orient towards BRC to seek confirmation by ICGA and the search for the HLA-A29 antigen.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"14 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11233484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141558977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corneal ulceration following periocular scorpion sting: a case report.","authors":"Mohammad Shiravani, Mahmood Nejabat, Alireza Attar","doi":"10.1186/s12348-024-00411-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-024-00411-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Scorpion envenomation, a prevalent medical emergency in rural areas, demands immediate attention due to its potential severity. While ocular manifestations are uncommon, they can lead to significant complications such as corneal ulceration. We present a unique case of corneal ulceration subsequent to a yellow scorpion (Hemiscorpius lepturus) sting near the eye, a scenario not previously documented.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 34-year-old male sought medical care following a scorpion sting despite prior anti-venom treatment. Clinical examination revealed pronounced ocular inflammation, corneal stromal melting, and anterior chamber inflammation, with microbiological confirmation of Pseudomonas spp infection. Treatment comprised fortified ceftazidime and vancomycin eye drops, alongside topical corticosteroids, leading to visual and corneal healing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the urgency of addressing scorpion envenomation and its potential for severe ocular complications, including corneal ulceration. Prompt diagnosis and targeted therapy with antibiotics and corticosteroids are crucial for favorable outcomes. A comprehensive understanding and timely intervention in scorpion sting-induced ocular manifestations are essential for optimal patient management and outcomes in such cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"14 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11199440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141452704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The roles of IRF8 in nonspecific orbital inflammation: an integrated analysis by bioinformatics and machine learning.","authors":"Zixuan Wu, Jinfeng Xu, Yi Hu, Xin Peng, Zheyuan Zhang, Xiaolei Yao, Qinghua Peng","doi":"10.1186/s12348-024-00410-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-024-00410-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nonspecific Orbital Inflammation (NSOI) represents a persistent and idiopathic proliferative inflammatory disorder, characterized by polymorphous lymphoid infiltration within the orbit. The transcription factor Interferon Regulatory Factor 8 (IRF8), integral to the IRF protein family, was initially identified as a pivotal element for the commitment and differentiation of myeloid cell lineage. Serving as a central regulator of innate immune receptor signaling, IRF8 orchestrates a myriad of functions in hematopoietic cell development. However, the intricate mechanisms underlying IRF8 production remain to be elucidated, and its potential role as a biomarker for NSOI is yet to be resolved.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>IRF8 was extracted from the intersection analysis of common DEGs of GSE58331 and GSE105149 from the GEO and immune- related gene lists in the ImmPort database using The Lasso regression and SVM-RFE analysis. We performed GSEA and GSVA with gene sets coexpressed with IRF8, and observed that gene sets positively related to IRF8 were enriched in immune-related pathways. To further explore the correlation between IRF8 and immune-related biological process, the CIBERSORT algorithm and ESTIMATE method were employed to evaluate TME characteristics of each sample and confirmed that high IRF8 expression might give rise to high immune cell infiltration. Finally, the GSE58331 was utilized to confirm the levels of expression of IRF8.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 314 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), some DEGs were found to be significantly different. With LASSO and SVM-RFE algorithms, we obtained 15 hub genes. For biological function analysis in IRF8, leukocyte mediated immunity, leukocyte cell-cell adhesion, negative regulation of immune system process were emphasized. B cells naive, Macrophages M0, Macrophages M1, T cells CD4 memory activated, T cells CD4 memory resting, T cells CD4 naive, and T cells gamma delta were shown to be positively associated with IRF8. While, Mast cells resting, Monocytes, NK cells activated, Plasma cells, T cells CD8, and T cells regulatory (Tregs) were shown to be negatively linked with IRF8. The diagnostic ability of the IRF8 in differentiating NSOI exhibited a good value.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study discovered IRF8 that are linked to NSOI. IRF8 shed light on potential new biomarkers for NSOI and tracking its progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"14 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11190126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141427019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammation due to ocular surface homeostasis imbalance caused by pterygia: tear lymphotoxin-alpha study and a literature review.","authors":"Xie Fang, Guoli Lan, Yuan Lin, Zhiwen Xie, Yanlin Zhong, Shunrong Luo, Xianwen Xiao, Lianghuan Luo, Yiqiu Zhang, Hanqiao Li, Huping Wu","doi":"10.1186/s12348-024-00413-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-024-00413-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate the pterygium ocular surface state, and compare with healthy eyes and dry eyes. To investigate the inflammation due to pterygia growth by tear Lymphotoxin-alpha (LT α) test.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective, single-center study.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>400 patients, divided into 100 pterygium group, 100 mild dry eye group, 100 moderate dry eye group, and 100 age-and sex-matched normal controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The non-invasive break-up time (NIBUT), tear meniscus height (TMH) test, corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), meibomian gland loss score (MGs), and lipid layer thickness (LLT) were evaluated in all patients. Pterygium status and ocular status in the pterygium group were collected. The tear LT α test was conducted in the pterygium patients group.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Pterygium can affect the ocular surface, leading to decreased tear film stability. The TMH, NIBUT, CFS, MGs, and lipid layer thickness can provide insights into this phenomenon. The presence of pterygium can change the structure and condition of the ocular surface. Tear LT α testing shows an abnormal decrease in LT α levels in pterygium patients. This indicates an immune-inflammation microenvironment that causes tissue repair deficiency.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The dry eye triggered by the growth of pterygium may originate from the tear film instability due to pterygia. As an inflammatory index, LT α in the development of pterygium and the aggravation of dry eye patients can indicate that the ocular surface is in different inflammatory states. Future tear testing in LT α may be a potential indicator to assess the inflammatory status of the dry eye.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"14 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11178703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141317529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Purpureocillium lilacinum-related endophthalmitis: case report.","authors":"Elena Ros-Sánchez, David Oliver-Gutierrez, Paul Buck, Tetiana Goncharova, Laura Distefano, Eric Kirkegaard-Biosca","doi":"10.1186/s12348-024-00412-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-024-00412-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report a case of Purpureocillium lilacinum endophthalmitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The case of a fungal endophthalmitis caused by Purpureocillium lilacinum documented in an immunocompetent patient with no apparent trigger.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 64-year-old male with a two-month history of panuveitis in his left eye was referred to our hospital. Initially misdiagnosed as sympathetic ophthalmia due to a previous surgery on his right eye 4 months before the onset of the left ocular picture, the patient received corticosteroid treatment, leading to a rapid deterioration of the left eye condition. An urgent exploratory vitrectomy was performed to identify the underlying cause, revealing endophthalmitis. Microbiological investigation yielded Purpureocillium lilacinum as the causative agent. Despite intensive treatment, including intravitreal antibiotics and antifungals, along with another surgical intervention, clinical evolution remained unfavourable, ultimately leading to the evisceration of the affected eye.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Purpureocillium lilacinum poses a rare yet sever threat as a causative agent of fungal endophthalmitis. Managing such cases is challenging due to the delayed identification, fungus's resistance to common antifungals, and its association with prior corticosteroid misuse in most patients. This case underscores the crucial importance of heightened clinical suspicion, early diagnosis, and the exploration of alternative treatment strategies in addressing Purpureocillium lilacinum endophthalmitis. The challenges posed by this rare fungal pathogen emphasize the need for a multidisciplinary approach and continued research to improve outcomes in these complex cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"14 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11169429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141310881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial contamination in contact lens training area in private optical clinics.","authors":"Sana Badar Baig, Kalaivani Manokaran, Nagarajan Theruveethi, Vivek Raghavan Muduthan","doi":"10.1186/s12348-024-00407-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-024-00407-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Contamination in the contact lens training area could be due to bacteria, which can lead to the major consequence of ocular infections. We aimed to investigate the contamination caused by bacteria in the contact lens training area in private optical clinics of the Udupi district, India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study evaluated the swabs from the contact lens container, contact lens solution tip, washing area and lens fitting area for bacterial contamination. Twenty swabs collected from different areas of five optical clinics were inoculated in Brain heart infusion broth (BHIB). The broth was streaked in MacConkey and Blood agar and incubated at standard conditions for the growth of bacteria. All isolates were identified using conventional culture methods, and Gram staining was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty samples (contact lens case, n = 5; contact lens solution tip, n = 5; washing area, n = 5; cleaning towel, n = 5) from private optical clinics were recruited for the study. Bacterial growth was indicated in which lactose fermentation was seen at (15%), non-lactose fermentation at (35%), and no bacterial growth at (50%) in MacConkey agar. Partial or alpha-hemolytic (α hemolysis) was seen in (5%), complete or beta-hemolytic (β hemolysis) was seen in (40%), no hemolysis or gamma hemolysis (ϫ haemolysis), was seen in (30%), no growth was seen in (25%) on blood agar. Gram-positive cocci (45%), Gram-negative bacilli (20%), and no increase in (35%) were observed in MacConkey agar and Blood agar. Bacterial species were not identified in this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Contamination was found in lenses, solution tips, washing areas, and cleaning towels which might lead to ocular infections. Perception should be given to those responsible for fitting lenses.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"14 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11166607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141300865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endogenous fungal endophthalmitis caused by Cladophialophora devriesii: report of a case and literature review.","authors":"Jørgen Krohn, Øystein A Power, Haima Mylvaganam, Andreas J Askim, Jarle B Arnes, Bjørn Blomberg","doi":"10.1186/s12348-024-00408-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-024-00408-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report a case of endogenous endophthalmitis caused by the dematiaceous fungus Cladophialophora devriesii.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Observational case report and literature review.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 73-year-old female with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease presented with a red and painful left eye. Examination revealed anterior segment inflammation and vitritis, indicative of endophthalmitis. She underwent core vitrectomy and intravitreal injection of vancomycin and amphotericin B. The vitreous sample showed inflammatory cells and fungal hyphae, and systemic amphotericin B and itraconazole were commenced for fungal endophthalmitis. Targeted amplification of the sample for bacterial DNA (V2-V3 region of 16 S rDNA) was negative, but fungal DNA targets (ITS1 and ITS2) were present, and their sequences were consistent with Cladophialophora devriesii. Phenotypic characterisation and sequencing of ITS1 and ITS2, carried out on cultured fungus from the sample, also revealed Cladophialophora devriesii. She received repeated intravitreal injections of voriconazole, and based on the antifungal susceptibility results, her systemic medication was changed to posaconazole. After 12 months, the eye showed no signs of inflammation, and posaconazole therapy was discontinued. After 3 months without antifungal medication, the inflammation recurred, and she was restarted on antifungal therapy for an additional 20 months. Another recurrence occurred 3 months after discontinuation of treatment, and a repeat vitreous sample confirmed the presence of Cladophialophora devriesii. She was started on isavuconazole, but developed seclusio pupillae and painful secondary glaucoma. Due to the duration and severity of the infection, the eye was enucleated. Histopathology revealed persistent fungal elements at the ciliary processes and the posterior lens surface.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This second reported case of endogenous endophthalmitis caused by Cladophialophora devriesii illustrates the role of vitreous sampling and molecular methods in diagnosis and treatment of fungal endophthalmitis. Despite early diagnosis and prolonged local and systemic antifungal therapy, it was not possible to achieve long-term control of the fungal infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"14 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11153416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141248082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of the 0.19 mg fluocinolone acetonide implant in treating non-infectious posterior uveitis: a real-world experience.","authors":"Igor Kozak, Avinash Gurbaxani, Maya Pandova","doi":"10.1186/s12348-024-00409-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-024-00409-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The 0.19 mg fluocinolone acetonide (FAc) implant (ILUVIEN) has been approved for prevention of relapse in recurrent non-infectious uveitis affecting the posterior segment of the eye (NIU-PS). There is little data assessing the long-term efficacy and safety of the FAc implant in this indication. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective interventional case review of 18 eyes from 13 patients with NIU-PS treated with the FAc implant at three ophthalmology departments in the Middle East between 2018 and 2021.</p><p><strong>Main text: </strong>Baseline patient characteristics, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT) and intraocular pressure (IOP), were collected at the time of FAc implant administration and at 1-3 months, 6 months and every six months thereafter. The mean time of follow-up was 29.7 ± 14.6 (mean ± SD) months. Over the follow-up, the BCVA significantly increased from month 1 (P = 0.002) until month 36 (P = 0.024) and remained improving throughout the follow-up period (P = 0.004). The CRT significantly decreased from month 1 (P = 0.008) until month 12 (P = 0.003) and was persistently lower during the follow-up period (P = 0.022). Significant improvements in anterior chamber cells (P = 0.004) and vitritis scores (P = 0.001) were observed by Month 6. Similarly, at Month 12, significant improvements were noted in both parameters as well (anterior chamber cells: P = 0.012; vitritis scores: P = 0.004). Mean IOP remained relatively stable throughout (P = 0.205) the follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest improvements and long-term maintenance in functional and anatomical outcomes with FAc implant with a manageable safety profile in a real-world clinical setting in patients with NIU-PS.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"14 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11150361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141237404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern of uveitis in a referral ophthalmology center in Northeastern Thailand.","authors":"Trakanta Wannapanich, Waraporn Chuenchaem, Patanaree Luanratanakorn, Wipada Laovirojjanakul","doi":"10.1186/s12348-024-00400-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-024-00400-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report the characteristics and epidemiology of uveitis in a university-based referral center in northeastern Thailand and review the uveitis patterns present in various regions worldwide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review of all medical records for new patients visiting the uveitis clinic at Srinagarind hospital, Khon Kaen University, between August 2016 and June 2021, was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 522 uveitis patients were included in this study. Disease etiologies were categorized as non-infectious 35.8% (187/522), infectious 32.8% (171/522), and undetermined cause 31.4% (164/522). Specific diagnoses were established in 68.6% of cases. Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) (14.2%) was identified as the most common specific diagnosis, and tuberculosis (6.7%) ranked highest among infectious causes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although non-infectious uveitis is observed predominantly in this region, the proportion of infectious uveitis is relatively more common than in developed countries. We have found no cause for one-third of our patients despite the utilization of PCR and serology for diagnostic purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"14 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11143084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141179979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluocinolone acetonide 0.2 µg/day intravitreal implant in non-infectious uveitis affecting the posterior segment: EU expert user panel consensus-based clinical recommendations.","authors":"Uwe Pleyer, Carlos Pavesio, Elisabetta Miserocchi, Carsten Heinz, Helen Devonport, Víctor Llorenç, Tomás Burke, Vanda Nogueira, Laurent Kodjikian, Bahram Bodaghi","doi":"10.1186/s12348-024-00402-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12348-024-00402-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-infectious uveitis affecting the posterior segment of the eye (NIU-PS) is an inflammatory disease, which can significantly impair visual acuity if not adequately treated. Fluocinolone-acetonide sustained-release-0.2 µg/day intravitreal (FAc) implants are indicated for prevention of relapse in recurrent NIU-PS. The aim here was to provide treating clinicians with some consensus-based-recommendations for the clinical management of patients with NIU-PS with 0.2 µg/day FAc implants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A European-clinical-expert-group agreed to develop a consensus report on different issues related to the use of FAc implants in patients with NIU-PS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Clinical-expert-panel provided specific recommendations focusing on clinical presentation (unilateral/bilateral) of the NIU-PS; systemic involvement of NIU-PS and the lens status. Treatment algorithms were developed; one that refers to the management of patients with NIU-PS in clinical practice and another that establishes the best clinical scenarios for the use of FAc implants, both as monotherapy and as adjuvant therapy. Additionally, the Clinical-expert-panel has provided recommendations about the use of the FAc implants in a clinical-setting. The Clinical-expert-panel also considered the safety profile of FAc implants and their possible implications in the daily practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As more clinical experience has been gained using FAc implants, it was necessary to update the clinical recommendations that guide patient management in the clinic. The current consensus document addresses relevant issues related to the use of FAc implants on different types of patients with various etiologies of NIU-PS, and was conducted to standardize approaches to help specialists obtain better clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16600,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection","volume":"14 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11139823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141175696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}