Journal of Oral Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"The association between the oral microbiome and oral Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) shedding is modified by age and HIV status in a rural Ugandan cohort.","authors":"Katherine R Sabourin, Joseph Mugisha, Vickie A Marshall, Wendell J Miley, Tsute Chen, Jill Billodeaux, Denise Whitby, Rosemary Rochford, Robert Newton","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2737698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20002297.2026.2737698","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) spreads through saliva. KSHV shedding is intermittent, suggesting individual-level factors affect reactivation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Identify associations between oral microbiome and KSHV shedding.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Oral mouthwash samples from 67 KSHV-seropositive participants (ages 4-78) were tested for KSHV DNA by qPCR and microbiome composition via 16S rRNA V4 region sequencing (Illumina MiSeq, Earth Microbiome Project protocols). Samples were selected on age, self-reported HIV status, and KSHV shedding. Alpha and beta diversity and relative abundances at species, genus and phylum levels were compared by KSHV shedding status. Analyses of KSHV shedding and the oral microbiome were stratified by HIV status (<i>n</i> = 49 adults only) and by age (<i>n</i> = 37 without HIV only, children <18 vs adults ≥18).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Neither alpha nor beta diversity differed by KSHV shedding status. Shedders had higher differential abundance of <i>Prevotella multisaccharivorax</i>, <i>Bifidobacterium dentium, B. moukalabense</i> and <i>Bifidobacterium</i> genus and lower <i>Absconditabacteria G-1 bacterium HMT-875.</i> Whether stratified by HIV and KSHV shedding or by age and KSHV shedding, alpha and beta diversity and several taxa at species, genus and phylum levels differed significantly.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Differences in oral microbiome were associated with KSHV shedding and possibly modified by age and HIV status. Future research should consider the multifactorial nature of the oral environment and KSHV reactivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2737698"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13629773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149110646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-platform, multi-cohort identification of a caries microbial signature.","authors":"Anders Esberg, Daniel Jönsson, Peter Persson, Linda Eriksson, Simon Haworth, Ingegerd Johansson","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2737699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20002297.2026.2737699","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify a robust salivary microbial signature associated with caries using a cross-platform, multi-cohort design.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing (ONT) and shotgun metagenomics (MET) were performed in a derivation cohort with matched data (<i>n</i> = 463). Associations between the oral microbiome and caries were evaluated using confounder-adjusted linear models with nested cross-validation. Identified species were incorporated into microbial risk scores and tested in two independent ONT-based cohorts (<i>n</i> = 3,457 and <i>n</i> = 215).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ONT and MET shared community structure despite differences in sequencing depth and detection sensitivity. Inter-individual ecological distances were moderately correlated (Spearman <i>ρ</i> = 0.48), with significant Procrustes alignment (r = 0.60), and mean relative abundances of shared species were strongly correlated (<i>ρ</i> = 0.75), but agreement at the individual species level was more variable. Ten species were consistently associated with caries across platforms and analytical approaches. Risk scores based on these species were strongly associated with caries burden in the derivation cohort (R² = 0.46 for MET; R² = 0.42 for ONT) and replicated in independent cohorts (mean R² = 0.27 and 0.10). Detection- and abundance-based scores performed similarly and combining them provided minimal additional predictive value. Detection-based scores showed a slightly greater incremental contribution to model fit. Leave-one-out analyses confirmed that associations were not strongly driven by individual species.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Key ecological features of the oral microbiome are reproducible across sequencing platforms. The microbial signature of caries can be summarised using a detection-based risk score which may have potential uses in caries risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2737699"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13629774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149110563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"T-cell senescence and immunosenescence in chronic oral mucosal inflammatory diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.","authors":"Huaijue Qiu, Yilin Luo, Lei Pu, Xue Luo, Xiliang Jiang, Moussa Ide Nasser, Chi Liu, Kaidiliya Yalikun","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2728747","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2728747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The oral mucosa is a dynamic barrier. T‑cell dysregulation contributes to chronic oral mucosal inflammatory diseases, but the role of age‑related immune remodeling remains unclear..</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We performed a narrative review of PubMed/Medline (1972-2026) on T‑cell subsets, immunosenescence, exhaustion, and inflammation in oral lichen planus (OLP), Behçet's disease (BD), and recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). After screening, we synthesized 121 publications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Disease‑specific patterns emerged. In OLP, activated CD8⁺ and tissue‑resident memory T cells associate with basal keratinocyte injury, while senescent mesenchymal cells may amplify inflammation via SASP. In BD, Th1/Th17 polarization, reduced regulatory control, and neutrophil activation drive systemic and mucosal inflammation. In RAS, Th1‑skewed and CD8⁺ responses correlate with epithelial damage. Direct causal evidence for senescent or exhausted T cells is limited, especially for BD and RAS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>T‑cell senescence may modulate disease course, but its effects are context‑dependent rather than universal drivers. The strongest support exists for senescence‑associated stromal signaling in OLP; evidence in BD and RAS is mainly associative. Therapeutic strategies targeting senescence remain hypothesis‑generating and largely preclinical.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2728747"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in membrane vesicles of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>: biogenesis, regulations, and functions.","authors":"Han Wang, Yuqing Chen, Huilin Huang, Ruonan Chen, Shuai Chen, Xiaojing Huang","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2735102","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2735102","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;i&gt;Streptococcus mutans&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;S. mutans&lt;/i&gt;) is a major cariogenic pathogen in the oral cavity that actively releases membrane vesicles (MVs) encapsulating proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. These highly heterogeneous MVs not only help regulate homeostasis of the local oral microecology but may also affect systemic health. A comprehensive review of the physiological characteristics of &lt;i&gt;S. mutans&lt;/i&gt; MVs is therefore of considerable research value.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;By summarizing the latest advances in research on &lt;i&gt;S. mutans&lt;/i&gt; MVs, this review provides a broad overview of the relevant studies to elucidate their physiological and pathological characteristics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted an extensive literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The search strategy combined terms related to MVs and &lt;i&gt;S. mutans&lt;/i&gt;, including 'membrane vesicles,' 'extracellular vesicles,' 'bacterial extracellular vesicles,' 'microbial extracellular vesicles,' 'MVs,' 'EVs,' 'bEVs,' 'MEVs,' '&lt;i&gt;Streptococcus mutans&lt;/i&gt;,' '&lt;i&gt;S. mutans&lt;/i&gt;,' 'Gram-positive,' 'biogenesis,' 'cargo,' and 'biological functions.' Literature published from database inception to August 2026 was included. This review delineates the biogenesis, cargo composition, and functions of MVs, and highlights current research challenges and future directions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;i&gt;S. mutans&lt;/i&gt; MV biogenesis is driven jointly by environmental signals and bacterial gene regulatory networks. As efficient delivery vehicles for toxins and various bioactive factors, MVs constitute a core molecular tool through which &lt;i&gt;S. mutans&lt;/i&gt; adapts to the complex oral microenvironment, competes with other species, and initiates pathogenic processes. MVs not only regulate the balance of the local oral microecology but also serve as key mediators of intermicrobial signaling and microbe-host cross-kingdom interactions. Deciphering the pathophysiological mechanisms of &lt;i&gt;S. mutans&lt;/i&gt; MVs may revolutionize caries prevention and control strategies, providing a theoretical basis for developing novel anticaries vaccines and oral targeted therapies, while also offering new research entry points for elucidating the intrinsic links between oral infections and systemic diseases.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;i&gt;S. mutans&lt;/i&gt; MV biogenesis is driven jointly by environmental signals and bacterial gene regulatory networks. As efficient delivery vehicles for toxins and various bioactive factors, MVs constitute a core molecular tool through which &lt;i&gt;S. mutans&lt;/i&gt; adapts to the complex oral microenvironment, competes with other species, and initiates pathogenic processes. MVs not only regulate the balance of the local oral microecology but also serve as key mediators of intermicrobial signaling and microbe-host cross-kingdom interactions. Deciphering the pathophysiological mechanisms of &lt;i&gt;S. mutans&lt;/i&gt; MVs may revolutioniz","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2735102"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149074970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> promotes T-cell homing via the NF-κB/CXCR3 signaling pathway in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.","authors":"Dong Dai, Shengyuan Huang, Guoqin Cao, Min Xu, BoYu Cui, Qiuying Ma, Jiang Lin","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2736905","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2736905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS); experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is its model. Periodontitis involving <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> (<i>P. gingivalis</i>) has been linked to MS and shown to exacerbate EAE, but mechanisms remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mice were randomized into four groups (<i>n</i> = 8): control, periodontitis only, EAE only, and EAE with periodontitis. Neurological deficits were assessed daily. Spinal CD4⁺ and CD4⁺CXCR3⁺ T-cell infiltration and NF-κB activation were evaluated by immunofluorescence. Peripheral CD4⁺CXCR3⁺ T-cell frequencies were quantified by flow cytometry. T-cell chemotaxis and CXCR3 expression were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>P. gingivalis</i> -induced periodontitis significantly aggravated EAE neurological deficits from days 15 to 21. RNA-seq re-analysis revealed NF-κB signaling enrichment and <i><i>Cxcr3</i>, <i>Cxcl10</i>,</i> and <i>Nfkb</i> upregulation. <i>In vivo, <i>P. gingivalis</i></i> increased peripheral CD4⁺CXCR3⁺ T cells, spinal CD4⁺ and CD4⁺CXCR3⁺ T-cell infiltration, and NF-κB activation. <i>In vitro, <i>P. gingivalis</i></i> promoted CXCR3-dependent T-cell migration. NF-κB inhibition attenuated <i>P. gingivalis</i> -induced NF-κB activation, downregulated CXCR3 expression, and reduced CD4⁺CXCR3⁺ T cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>P. gingivalis</i> -induced periodontitis aggravates EAE clinical severity, potentially involving NF-κB activation, CXCR3 upregulation on peripheral T cells and enhanced T-cell migratory capacity and infiltration into the CNS. These findings identify a potential mechanistic link between periodontitis and MS pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2736905"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Berberine chloride hydrate on cariogenic multispecies streptococcal biofilm.","authors":"Yang Zhou, Guxin Cui, Fang Huang, Huancai Lin","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2732737","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2732737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dental caries, a bacterial infectious disease related to biofilm, occurs due to an increase in the proportion of cariogenic bacteria over that of commensal bacteria. This study aimed to create an in vitro biofilm model consisting of <i>S. sanguinis</i>, <i>S. gordonii</i>, <i>and S. mutans</i> to study the effects of Berberine chloride hydrate (BH) on the structure and cariogenic features of multispecies biofilms.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The biofilm formation and cariogenic characteristics of multispecies streptococci biofilms were observed. The microbial composition of multispecies biofilms was quantified using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Besides, transcriptome analysis was performed to determine the differential expression levels of genes in each strain in multispecies biofilms with or without BH. The demineralization activity of biofilms treated with BH was analyzed using micro-CT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BH had the highest efficacy against <i>S. mutans</i>, exhibiting lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) values relative to <i>S. sanguinis</i> and <i>S. gordonii</i>. BH inhibited the biofilm formation as well as EPS synthesis in multispecies biofilms, resulting in decreased demineralization on bovine enamel surfaces. In addition, after BH treatment, the abundance of <i>S. sanguinis</i> and <i>S. mutans</i> was reduced, whereas the abundance of <i>S. gordonii</i> increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BH revealed great potential for the management of cariogenic biofilm, indicating its possible application in dental caries therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2732737"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i> outer membrane vesicles in disease and related mechanisms: a scoping review of pathogenesis and potential therapeutic applications.","authors":"Chunfeng Luo, Zhiwen Li, Fengyang Yi, Ping Wen, Ting Zou, Shan Jiang, Zuolin Jin","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2717775","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2717775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong><i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i> (<i>F. nucleatum</i>) has been implicated in the exacerbation of cancer development and metastasis. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) derived from Gram-negative bacteria have gained considerable attention as a message bridge between bacteria and host cells. This review aims to comprehensively explore the role of <i>F. nucleatum</i> OMVs in the pathogenesis of diseases, their interaction with host cells, and their potential as novel therapeutic targets or vector tools.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published up to March 2026. Subsequently, the review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one studies were finally included in accordance with the predefined inclusion criteria. These studies suggest that OMVs derived from <i>F. nucleatum</i> contain multiple virulence factor proteins, including FadA, Fap2, and FomA, and are associated with inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, oral squamous cell carcinomas, and rheumatoid arthritis. <i>F. nucleatum</i> OMVs can be internalized by intestinal epithelial cells, leading to the downregulation of tight junction proteins. These vesicles also induce the release of proinflammatory cytokines through the activation of autophagy, the NF-кB signaling pathway, or the AIM2 inflammasome. Additionally, they promote macrophage polarization towards a proinflammatory phenotype, ultimately triggering a cascade of inflammatory responses. Furthermore, <i>F. nucleatum</i> OMVs enhance bacterial adhesion and autoaggregation, facilitate immune suppression, and promote tumor growth and metastasis. Notably, <i>F. nucleatum</i> OMVs also possess potential as engineered drug delivery vehicles for cancer immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review summarizes the current evidence regarding the molecular mechanisms through which <i>F. nucleatum</i> OMVs interact with both immune and non-immune cells, as well as the identification and composition of these OMVs, providing insights into their potential for preventive and therapeutic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2717775"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Moraxella salivae</i> sp. nov., isolated from the saliva of a healthy human volunteer.","authors":"Qianli Wu, Yuhan Meng, Haoyang Liu, Yali Kong, Yi Chen, Mingyang Bu, Zhe Ma","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2737704","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2737704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Strain I5G^T was isolated from the saliva of a healthy volunteer and polyphasic taxonomic approaches were applied for its systematic identification to clarify its taxonomic position within the genus <i>Moraxella</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A polyphasic taxonomic study was performed, including morphological observation, physiological and biochemical characterisation, chemotaxonomic analyses (fatty acid profile, respiratory quinone, polar lipids), 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, and whole-genome-based phylogenetic and comparative genomic analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Strain I5G^T is a Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium. Growth occurs at 25-37 °C (optimum 37 °C), pH 7.0-9.0 (optimum pH 8.0), and 0-1.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0.5%). 16S rRNA gene analysis placed it in the genus <i>Moraxella</i>, with highest similarity (96.17%) to <i>Moraxella oblonga</i> IAM 14971ᵀ. Whole-genome phylogeny supported a distinct novel lineage. The maximum average nucleotide identity (ANI) (85.9%) and the highest digital DNA-DNA hybridisation (dDDH) (24.8%) values were well below species thresholds. DNA G + C content was 37.5 mol%. Major fatty acids were C₁₈:₁ ω9c, C₁₆:₀, C₁₈:₀ and Summed Feature 3 (C₁₆:₁ ω7c and/or C₁₆:₁ ω6c), major quinone was CoQ-8, major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Strain I5G^T represents a novel species within the genus <i>Moraxella</i>, for which the name <i>Moraxella salivae</i> sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is I5G^T (= KCTC 18404ᵀ = GDMCC 1.5953ᵀ).</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2737704"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149074973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral health and oral microbiota composition in patients with Parkinson's disease: a case‒control study.","authors":"Sara Baram, Arjun Sarathi, Merete Bakke, Manimozhiyan Arumugam, Anne Marie Lynge Pedersen","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2726612","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2726612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with motor and non-motor dysfunctions that may influence oral homeostasis. An altered microbiota has been linked to PD, yet oral microbial changes remain poorly characterized. This case‒control study aimed to determine if the oral microbiota, the oral health status, and salivary secretion differ between patients with PD and matched controls.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty participants (20 with PD and 20 controls) underwent standardized oral examinations, neurological scoring (Hoehn & Yahr; UPDRS II-III), and measurements of unstimulated (UWS) and stimulated whole saliva (SWS) flow rates. Microbial profiling of SWS samples and dorsal tongue scrapes was performed using long-read 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V1-V8). Alpha/beta diversity and differential abundance analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with PD exhibited significantly lower UWS flow rates, higher plaque scores, and higher prevalence of xerostomia and drooling. Dental status and gingival inflammation did not differ between the groups. Microbial richness and Shannon diversity were lower in tongue scrapes from the PD group, but not in saliva samples. <i>Veillonella, Prevotella</i> and <i>Streptococcus</i> dominated the microbiota in both groups. <i>Fusobacterium periodonticum</i> and <i>pseudoperiodonticum</i> were consistently more enriched in both saliva and tongue microbiota of patients with PD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with PD have lower UWS flow rates and a shift toward a more anaerobic, biofilm-adapted oral ecosystem, particularly on the tongue. The tongue microbiome may potentially serve as a sensitive biomarker of PD-related dysbiosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2726612"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13592001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149017246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shared oral microbiome signatures linking periodontitis and autoimmune thyroiditis: NHANES 2009-2012.","authors":"Xiangkun Meng, Lei Li, Rui Hao, Zhifeng Lin, Ke Liu, Gaoman Chi, Jingyuan Ren, Ru Liu, Yuge Gao, Xiaotong Yu, Xiaolin Tong","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2728750","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2026.2728750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the association between periodontitis severity and autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) in a nationally representative US sample and to explore oral microbiome features shared between the two conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed adults from NHANES 2009-2012 with complete periodontal examinations, thyroid autoantibodies, and oral microbiome data (<i>n</i> = 1,346). Periodontitis was classified using CDC/AAP case definitions. AIT was defined as positivity for thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb ≥ 9 IU/mL) and/or thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb ≥ 4 IU/mL). Survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Oral microbiome diversity and differentially abundant genera were compared between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the fully adjusted model, mild and severe periodontitis were associated with higher odds of AIT compared with periodontally healthy individuals (mild: aOR 2.15, 95% CI 1.20-3.84; severe: aOR 2.77, 95% CI 1.22-6.28), whereas moderate periodontitis was not significantly associated (aOR 1.47, 95% CI 0.63-3.43). Genera enriched in both AIT and periodontitis included <i>Fusobacterium</i>, <i>Bergeyella</i>, <i>Johnsonella</i>, and <i>Prevotella_2. Fusobacterium</i> abundance increased across periodontal severity categories and showed a weak inverse correlation with TPOAb, whereas TT3 and FT3 showed weak positive correlations with <i>Fusobacterium.</i></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Periodontitis severity was associated with AIT in this cross-sectional NHANES analysis, and <i>Fusobacterium</i> emerged as a shared genus associated with both periodontal status and thyroid autoimmunity. Longitudinal and interventional studies are warranted to assess causality.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"2728750"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13587545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149007900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}