Journal of Oral Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Novel approaches on root canal disinfection methods against <i>E. faecalis</i>.","authors":"Binhong Wu, Zhinuo Zhou, Xingwen Hong, Ziman Xu, Yuou Xu, Yushan He, Shu Chen","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2025.2475947","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2025.2475947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Enterococcus faecalis (<i>E. faecalis</i>), the main pathogenic bacterium of root canal infection, can penetrate deep into the dentin tubule, form a biofilm, and resist host defense mechanisms, thereby increasing treatment complexity. Therefore, the key to the treatment of root canal infections is to completely kill the bacteria and prevent secondary infection. This review assesses advancements in traditional and novel disinfection methods targeting <i>E. faecalis</i> biofilm.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>By comparing the bactericidal mechanisms and effects of the individual and combined application of these methods, the scientific basis and clinical application potential of these methods as adjuvant or alternative treatments were evaluated and the scientific basis for the optimization of the root canal treatment strategy was provided.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Emerging strategies, including natural medicine, antibacterial photodynamic therapy, and cold atmospheric plasma, have shown promising antibacterial effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These approaches have the potential to replace traditional disinfection methods, offering more effective solutions for clinical pulp treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2475947"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Candida albicans</i> and NCAC species: acidogenic and fluoride-resistant oral inhabitants.","authors":"Haneen Raafat Fathi Mousa, Yuki Abiko, Jumpei Washio, Satoko Sato, Nobuhiro Takahashi","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2025.2473938","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2025.2473938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Although <i>Candida</i> species are thought to contribute to dental caries, their acid production under anaerobic conditions and susceptibility to fluoride have not been thoroughly studied. We therefore investigated the growth, acid production, and effect of fluoride on <i>Candida</i> species.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Aerobic growth, acid production from glucose and its end-products under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and enolase activity were measured in <i>C.</i> <i>albicans</i> and non-<i>Candida-albicans-Candida</i> (NCAC) species (<i>C.</i> <i>tropicalis</i>, <i>C.</i> <i>parapsilosis</i>, <i>C.</i> <i>maltosa</i>, and <i>C.</i> <i>glabrata</i>), and the effect of fluoride on these abilities was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All <i>Candida</i> species produced acids under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and acetate and TCA cycle metabolites were detected. However, these organic acids only accounted for 1.9-57.6% of the acids produced. Up to 80 mM fluoride hardly inhibited growth and did not inhibit acid production except for <i>C.</i> <i>glabrata</i>, despite the low 50% inhibitory fluoride concentration of 0.19-0.34 mM for enolase.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>Candida</i> species produced acids under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, indicating their significant cariogenicity. Their growth and acid production were highly fluoride-resistant, whereas their enolase was fluoride-sensitive, suggesting mechanisms for maintaining low intracellular fluoride. The mechanisms underlying the fluoride resistance remain underexplored. Approaches other than fluoride may be needed to control <i>Candida</i>-associated caries.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2473938"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11884091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> modulation of proinflammatory and proteolytic activities of <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> by selected lactobacilli.","authors":"Johana R Naja, Leyla Desparois, Elvira M Hebert, Maria Elena Fátima Nader, Lucila Saavedra, Carlos J Minahk, Vanessa P Houde","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2025.2469894","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2025.2469894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the present study was to characterize the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of postbiotics from lactic acid bacteria against <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The anti-<i>P. gingivalis</i> activity of postbiotics from the CERELA culture collection was assessed by measuring changes in the expression of key host proteins by ELISA and qPCR, the proteolytic activity by a fluorescence and a spectrophotometric method and virulence factors from <i>P.</i> <i>gingivalis</i> by qPCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Even though <i>Lacticaseibacillus (L.) rhamnosus</i> CRL1522 and <i>Lactiplantibacillus (L.) plantarum</i> CRL1363 exhibit only a discrete antibacterial activity against <i>P. gingivalis</i>, the cell-free supernatants of these strains significantly reduced <i>P. gingivalis</i>-induced secretion of interleukins IL-6 and IL-8 by keratinocytes and TNF-α and IL-6 by U937 macrophage-like cells. More importantly, <i>P. gingivalis</i> arginine-gingipain (Rgp) protease activity was markedly reduced by both lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains. This finding is particularly interesting because it means that both LAB might prevent the ulterior citrullination of peptides and the consequent generation of autoantibodies. The expression of <i>COX2</i> and <i>TLR2</i> was also significantly downregulated in macrophages.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Postbiotics from <i>L. rhamnosus</i> CRL1522 and <i>L. plantarum</i> CRL1363 rise as suitable candidates for antagonizing the periodontopathogen <i>P. gingivalis</i>, since they were able to reduce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and the protein degradation induced by this pathogen. We propose that postbiotics from these LAB could potentially halt the progression of periodontitis based on this <i>in vitro</i> study.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2469894"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breastfeeding patterns and total volume of human milk consumed influence the development of the infant oral microbiome.","authors":"Roaa A Arishi, Zoya Gridneva, Sharon L Perrella, Ali S Cheema, Ching T Lai, Matthew S Payne, Donna T Geddes, Lisa F Stinson","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2025.2469892","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2025.2469892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The oral microbiome of breastfed infants is distinct from that of formula-fed infants. However, breastfeeding characteristics, such as time spent breastfeeding (min/24 h), breastfeeding frequency (number of breastfeeds per day), and human milk intake (ml/day) vary significantly between breastfeeding dyads.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Given that human milk and breastfeeding exposures likely influence early colonisation of the infant oral microbiome, this study aimed to elucidate the impact of breastfeeding characteristics on the development of the infant oral microbiome.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Oral swabs (<i>n</i> = 55) were collected from infants at three months of age, alongside breastfeeding data collected over a 24-hour period. Bacterial DNA profiles were analysed using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Variations in breastfeeding characteristics contributed to differences in microbial community structure. Total breastfeeding duration (min/24 h) was positively associated with Bifidobacterium longum and Lactobacillus gasseri, while breastfeeding frequency was negatively associated with Veillonella sp. Additionally, human milk intake (ml/24 h) was negatively associated with Streptococcus parasanguinis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings underscore the significant influence of early life feeding practices on oral microbial communities and emphasise the importance role of breastfeeding in shaping the oral microbiome during early life.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2469892"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864009/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral bacteriophages and their potential as adjunctive treatments for periodontitis: a narrative review.","authors":"Mwila Kabwe, Joseph Tucci, Ivan Darby, Stuart Dashper","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2025.2469890","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2025.2469890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is no specific cure for periodontitis and treatment is symptomatic, primarily by physical removal of the subgingival plaque biofilm. Current non-surgical periodontal therapy becomes less effective as the periodontal pocket depth increases and as such new adjunctive treatments are required. The development of antibiotic resistance has driven a recent resurgence of interest in bacteriophage therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here we review the published literature with a focus on the subgingival phageome, key oral pathobionts and the dysbiotic nature of periodontitis leading to the emergence of synergistic, proteolytic and inflammophilic bacterial species in subgingival plaque. We discuss the opportunities available, the barriers and the steps needed to develop bacteriophage therapy as an adjunctive treatment for periodontitis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The oral phageome (or virome) is diverse, featuring abundant bacteriophage, that could target key subgingival bacteria. Yet to date few bacteriophages have been isolated and characterised from oral bacterial species, although many more have been predicted by genomic analyses. Bacteriophage therapy has yet to be tested against chronic diseases that are caused by dysbiosis of the endogenous microbial communities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To be effective as an adjunctive treatment for periodontitis, bacteriophage therapy must cause the collapse of the dysbiotic bacterial community, thereby resolving inflammation and enabling the reestablishment of a health-associated mutualistic subgingival bacterial community. The isolation and characterisation of novel oral bacteriophage is an essential first step in this process.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2469890"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymicrobial interactions of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> and its role in the process of oral diseases.","authors":"Yufei Fan, Xi Chen, Tiantian Shan, Nanxi Wang, Qi Han, Biao Ren, Lei Cheng","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2025.2469896","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2025.2469896","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong><i>Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)</i> infection affects approximately 50% of the global population. The predominant route of <i>H. pylori</i> transmission is through the oral pathway, making the oral cavity highly significant in its infection. This review focuses on the relationship between <i>H. pylori</i> and oral diseases, the influence of <i>H. pylori</i> infection on the oral microbiota, and the potential mechanisms involving certain oral pathogens.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>To identify relevant studies, we conducted searches in PubMed, Google Scholar using keywords such as \"<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>,\" \"oral diseases, \" \"oral microorganisms, \" without any date restrictions. The retrieved publications were subject to a review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>H. pylori</i> infection is positively correlated with the occurrence of various oral diseases, such as dental caries, periodontitis, and oral lichen planus. <i>H. pylori</i> may affect the oral microbiota through various mechanisms, and there exists an interactive relationship between <i>H. pylori</i> and oral bacteria, including <i>Streptococcus</i>, <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis)</i>, and <i>Candida albicans (C. albicans)</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><i>H. pylori</i> infection has a close relationship with certain oral diseases. <i>H.</i> <i>pylori</i> modulates oral microflora diversity and structure, while eradication therapy and medications have varying impacts on oral microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2469896"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventive effects of <i>Weissella cibaria</i> CMU on the progression of periodontitis in a rat model.","authors":"Kyung-Hyo Do, Soyoung Boo, Rayoung You, Sanggu Kim, Soochong Kim, Kwang-Won Seo, Mi-Sun Kang, Wan-Kyu Lee","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2025.2469895","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2025.2469895","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periodontitis is a widespread chronic inflammatory disease impacting 20-50% of the global population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study evaluated the effects of <i>Weissella cibaria</i> CMU (CMU) on preventing the progression of periodontitis in a rat model. Periodontitis was induced by injecting lipopolysaccharide into the palatal gingiva around the first and second maxillary molars. CMU was then administered at three concentrations (low: 2 × 10⁷ CFU/rat/day; mid: 2 × 10⁸ CFU/rat/day; high: 2 × 10⁹ CFU/rat/day) for 14 days to assess its ability to prevent further periodontal damage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The administration of CMU significantly improved gingivitis and plaque indices in a dose-dependent manner. Macroscopic analysis and micro-computed tomography showed a dose-dependent reduction in alveolar bone loss in the CMU groups. Although histopathological analysis indicated a decrease in bone loss, statistical significance was not achieved in the high-dose group. Pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-1, and MMP-9 were suppressed in a dose-dependent manner in the CMU groups. Additionally, mid- and high-dose CMU increased the relative abundance of Weissella in the oral microbiome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CMU can influence the oral microbiome, reduce inflammatory mediators, and alleviate histological changes in periodontal tissue, highlighting its potential as a probiotic strain for preventing periodontitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2469895"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11852240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143502094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of implant abutment surface treatments on bacterial biofilm composition and structure.","authors":"Eduardo Anitua, Alia Murias-Freijo, Roberto Tierno, Ricardo Tejero, Mohammad Hamdan Alkhraisat","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2025.2459922","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2025.2459922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For the long-term success of dental implants, implant abutment surface should promote the attachment of oral epithelial cells and reduce bacterial adhesion. Titanium nitride (TiN) coatings show antimicrobial properties. Nevertheless, there is a lack of clinical trials that assess the biofilm formation on TiN abutments in the context of clinical practice. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different abutment surfaces (machined, TiN and TiN oxidized) on bacterial biofilm composition and structure.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Implant abutments were connected to the dental implants. Bacterial communities were sampled at 1 and 60 days later. The relationship between surface, periodontal indices and bacterial community dynamics was assessed using 16S rRNA metagenomics. A total of 17 patients were involved in this study (14 included in final analyses: 15 machined, 16 TiN and 14 TiN oxidized abutments).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences between surfaces were found considering taxa abundance, most alpha diversity metrics or community structure. Time showed a significant effect on diversity and also on the abundance of several bacterial taxa.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results indicate that the effect of the three tested abutment surfaces on biofilm structure and composition was negligible, whereas patient and time exert strong influences on bacterial biofilm formation at different scales.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2459922"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11800344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143365106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between the oral microbiome and hypertension: a systematic review.","authors":"Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri, Abeer A Al-Mashraqi, Gamilah Al-Qadhi, Nezar Al-Hebshi, Raidan Ba-Hattab","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2025.2459919","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2025.2459919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study systematically reviewed the available evidence regarding the potential association between oral microbiota and hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search of online databases was conducted by two independent investigators for all relevant articles. All observational studies that assessed the association between oral microbiota and hypertension were included. Quality appraisal was conducted using the NOS tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 17 studies comprising 6007 subjects were included. The studies varied with respect to sample type and microbial analysis method. All studies, except one, found significant differences in microbial composition between hypertensive and normotensive subjects. However, there were substantial inconsistencies regarding the specific differences identified. Still, a few taxa were repeatedly found enriched in hypertension including <i>Aggregatibacter</i>, <i>Kingella</i>, <i>Lautropia</i>, and <i>Leptotrachia</i> besides the red complex periodontal pathogens. When considering only studies that controlled for false discovery rates and confounders, <i>Atopobium</i>, <i>Prevotella, and Veillonella</i> were identified as consistently associated with hypertension.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There are significant differences in the oral microbiome between hypertensive and normotensive subjects. Despite the heterogeneity between the included studies, a subset of microbial taxa seems to be consistently enriched in hypertension. Further studies are highly recommended to explore this association.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>PROSPERO database (ID: CRD42023495005).</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2459919"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143123077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of the alterations of oral microbiome with fixed orthodontic therapy and clear aligners: a systematic review.","authors":"Alessandra Lucchese, Marta Marcolina, Nicasio Mancini, Roberto Ferrarese, Serena Acconciaioco, Enrico Gherlone, Chiara Bonini, Maurizio Manuelli, Antonella Polimeni","doi":"10.1080/20002297.2024.2372751","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20002297.2024.2372751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The oral microbiome plays a fundamental role in maintaining homeostasis of the oral cavity. In the last decade there has been an increasing use of clear aligners, which guarantee aesthetics and comfort for the patient. The aim of this work is to conduct a systematic review regarding the alterations in bacterial flora and oral health with aligner and fixed orthodontic therapy.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA Statement. Using the search strategy \"(clear aligners OR Invisalign) AND (fixed therapy OR fixed orthodont * therapy) NOT (thermoplastic retainers) AND (oral microbiome OR oral microbiota * OR oral microbiology * OR oral health)\", in the main scientific databases. Two scales were applied to assess the quality of scientific evidence: ROBINS-I and RoB 2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 484 articles emerged of which 9 met our inclusion/exclusion criteria. Afterwards the application of the rating scales, 1 article was found to be at low risk of bias, 6 at moderate and 2 at serious risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both therapies cause an alteration of the oral microbiome, but the changes induced by the aligners seem to be compatible with a better oral health compared to fixed appliances.</p>","PeriodicalId":16598,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2372751"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143123019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}