Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Clinical and Epidemiological Profile of Nutritional Anemia and Its Impact on Developmental Outcome Among Children Attending Ruhengeri Referral Hospital.","authors":"Cedrick Izere","doi":"10.1155/jnme/4724612","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/4724612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nutritional anemia is a serious health concern that affects particularly children under 5 years of age and causes problems of physical and mental growth and development. A cross-sectional study determined the rates and risk factors of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and megaloblastic anemia (MA) and assessed the effect of IDA and MA on developmental outcome at Ruhengeri Referral Hospital from April 2021 to March 2022. The Cochran's formula: <i>n</i>=<i>Z</i> ²PQ/<i>d</i> ² was used to calculate the sample size of 318 and children aged between 6 and 59 months were purposively selected and included in the study. Venous blood specimens were collected in EDTA and clot activator tubes for complete blood count (CBC) and ferritin, respectively, used Sysmex 500i and Cobas e411 analyzers, respectively. Demographic and clinical information was collected on participants and the data were analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 20. A <i>p</i> value of less than 0.05 was considered significant at 95% confidence level. Logistic regression analysis and Chi-square test were used to examine the significance of the associations between explanatory and outcome variables. The ratio of male to female participants was 1.7:1 and the age group 12-23 was the most predominant (35.2%). IDA was more prevalent (93.4%) than MA (6.6%). The factors significantly associated with nutritional anemia at 95% confidence level were residence in rural area (OR = 3.896 and CI = 1.504-10.094), number of meal per day (OR = 23.640 and CI = 3.561-156.949), lacking knowledge of nutritional anemia (OR = 3.242 and CI = 1.205-8.723), parity (OR = 0.197 and CI = 0.108-0.360), history of breastfeeding (OR = 0.38 and CI = 0.004-0.904), source of diet (OR = 0.295 and CI = 0.088-0.988), and lack of food supplements (OR = 3.685 and CI = 1.583-8.580). Nutritional anemia was significantly associated with developmental delay (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Iron deficiency and megaloblastic anemia present a sizeable challenge in the furtherance of primary healthcare outstandingly in young children and are associated with developmental delay. The mothers' education on nutrition and early diagnosis and management of nutritional anemia would reduce the risk of IDA and MA and related morbidity and mortality in the children at risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2025 ","pages":"4724612"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11957870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Imbalance-A Contributor to SARS CoV-2 Disease Severity.","authors":"James P Chambers, Luke T Daum, Bernard P Arulanandam, James J Valdes","doi":"10.1155/jnme/7075883","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/7075883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Overview:</b> SARS CoV-2 infection is accompanied by the development of acute inflammation, resolution of which determines the course of infection and its outcome. If not resolved (brought back to preinjury status), the inflamed state progresses to a severe clinical presentation characterized by uncontrolled cytokine release, systemic inflammation, and in some death. In severe CoV-2 disease, the required balance between protective inflammation and its resolution appears missing, suggesting that the ω-3-derived specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) needed for resolution are either not present or present at ineffective levels compared to competing ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolic derivatives. <b>Aim:</b> To determine whether ω-6 PUFA linoleic acid (LA) metabolites increased in those infected with severe disease compared to uninfected controls. <b>Findings:</b> Increased levels of ω-6 LA metabolites, e.g., arachidonic acid (AA), epoxyeicosatrienoic (EET) acid derivatives of AA (8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-EETs), AA-derived hydroxyeicosatetraenoic (HETE) acid, dihydroxylated diols (leukotoxin and isoleukotoxin), and prostaglandin E2 with decreased levels of ω-3-derived inflammation resolving SPMs. Therapeutic treatment of SARS CoV-2 patients with ω-3 PUFA significantly increased 18-HEPE (SPM precursor) and EPA-derived diols (11,12- and 14,15-diHETE), while toxic 9,10- and 12,13-diHOMEs (leukotoxin and iosleukotoxin, respectively) decreased. <b>Conclusion:</b> Unbalanced dietary intake of ω-6/ω-3 PUFAs contributed to SARS CoV-2 disease severity by decreasing ω-3-dependent SPM resolution of inflammation and increasing membrane-associated ferroptotic AA peroxidation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7075883"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11957867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety, Feasibility, and Effectiveness of Ketogenic Diet in Pediatric Patients With Brain Tumors: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Hanan AlMutairi, Fiona Mccullough, Khawar Siddiqui, Ibrahim Ghemlas, Manal AlHarbi, Richard Grundy, Madhumita Dandapani","doi":"10.1155/jnme/7935879","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/7935879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Evidence suggests the positive effects of ketogenic diet (KD) on cancers by limiting glucose availability to cancer cells. This systematic review aimed to explore the safety, feasibility, and effectiveness of KD in children with brain tumors including diet side effects, patient tolerance and compliance, tumor response, quality of life, and nutritional status. <b>Methods:</b> Six databases were searched for relevant publications between 1995 and 2022; non-English language publications were excluded to avoid misinterpretation. The Joanna Briggs Institute assessment scale for observational studies was used to measure study methodology quality and evaluate the extent to which the bias possibility in study design, conduct, and analysis has been stated. The study was registered in PROSPERO under registration number (CRD42021281620). <b>Results:</b> Ultimately, eight eligible publications involving a total of 11 children with brain tumors following KD were included. Nine patients followed classic KD with medium-chain triglyceride oil, whereas others followed a modified Atkin or low-carbohydrate diet. KD was well-tolerated, having nonsevere side effects. Six patients showed positive tumor response, five improved neurological skills, and four reported growth improvement. Six patients reported a median overall survival of 17.6 months. Lastly, statistical analyses could not be performed; hence, a meta-analysis was not possible. <b>Conclusion:</b> KD may be a safe and feasible dietary intervention for children with brain tumors. However, the effects on tumors remain unclear and require further study. The study limitation included the lack of high-quality and appropriately controlled trials with large samples. Moreover, heterogeneity was observed, and quality-of-life assessments were self-reported, which might have resulted in bias or inaccuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7935879"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of Cardiovascular Risk Factors by Genistein Supplementation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Diverse Population-Based RCTs.","authors":"Hanxiao Feng, Kuan Jiang, Yi-Feng Zhang, Jinhong Zhuang, Cun Ku, Jinzhao Yang, Yang Zhang","doi":"10.1155/jnme/1827252","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/1827252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genistein[5,7-dihydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one] is a phytoestrogens known to positively impact various cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. However, not all studies have yielded consistent results, and existing meta-analyses have not comprehensively addressed all CVD risk factors. We conducted a systematic search of the PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases up to June 2024, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. We included adult randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined pure genistein supplementation without other combined interventions and reported on at least one CVD risk factor. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two authors using a standardized form and the Cochrane Collaboration Scale. A total of 21 RCTs were included, with 941 participants in the genistein supplementation group and 918 participants in the control group. Statistical analyses were conducted using R software with the meta package. The meta-analysis revealed that, compared to the placebo group, genistein supplementation significantly improved the levels of TC ([MD 95% CI: -9.38 [-14.64, -4.12]; <i>p</i> < 0.001]), LDL-C ([MD 95% CI: -11.14 [-19.42, -2.86]; <i>p</i> < 0.001]), Lp(a) levels ([MD 95% CI: -0.69 [-0.98, -0.41]; <i>p</i> < 0.01), SBP ([MD 95% CI: -8.32 [-12.44, -4.20]; <i>p</i> < 0.01), DBP ([MD 95% CI: -3.57 [-5.25, -1.89]; <i>P</i>=0.04]), fasting blood glucose ([MD 95% CI: -3.98 [-6.79, -1.17]; <i>p</i> < 0.001]), fasting insulin ([MD 95% CI: -1.79 [-2.05, -1.54]; <i>p</i> < 0.01), HOMA-IR ([MD 95% CI: -0.56 [-0.64, -0.49]; <i>p</i> < 0.01), and homocysteine levels ([MD 95% CI: -0.74 [-1.05, -0.42]; <i>p</i> < 0.01). However, there were no significant improvements in TG, HDL-C, and CRP levels. The observed improvements align with clinically meaningful thresholds for cardiovascular risk reduction. Substantial heterogeneity observed for most outcomes was explored via subgroup analysis. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on treatment duration, geographic region, or participant health status, and heterogeneity was assessed using the <i>I</i> ² statistic. Subgroup analysis did not reveal any significant differences, indicating that heterogeneity was not influenced by factors such as treatment duration, geographic region, or participant health status. Overall, this meta-analysis provides consistent evidence that genistein intake significantly reduces several important CVD risk factors, including TC, LDL-C, Lp(a), SBP, DBP, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and homocysteine levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1827252"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Short Chain Fatty Acid-Butyrate Supplementation on the Disease Severity, Inflammation, and Psychological Factors in Patients With Active Ulcerative Colitis: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Donya Firoozi, Seyed Jalil Masoumi, Seyed Mohammad-Kazem Hosseini Asl, Mohammad Fararouei, Sanaz Jamshidi","doi":"10.1155/jnme/3165876","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/3165876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Depression and anxiety are common in UC patients due to gut microbiota dysbiosis and increased proinflammatory markers. Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid, participates in the regulation of gut microbiota and inflammation and has neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative disease. Therefore, we assessed the effects of sodium butyrate supplementation on the disease severity, inflammation, and psychological factors in active UC patients. <b>Methods:</b> This study was a randomized, parallel, double-blind controlled trial. Participants in the intervention (<i>n</i> = 18) and control (<i>n</i> = 18) groups received 600 mg/kg of sodium butyrate or rice starch as a placebo with their main meal, respectively, for 12 weeks. The partial Mayo score was used to evaluate disease severity, while the Westergren method was employed to assess the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). NLR and PLR were determined using an automated analyzer (XS-500i, Sysmex). Moreover, the psychological factors were assessed by the hospital anxiety depression scale (HADS) and the general health questionnaire (GHQ). <b>Results:</b> In comparison with placebo, sodium-butyrate supplementation significantly decreased the ESR level (-6.66 ± 1.56 vs. 3.00 ± 2.11, <i>p</i>=0.01), NLR (-0.24 ± 0.1 vs. 0.33 ± 0.23, <i>p</i>=0.02), Mayo score (-2.33 ± 0.41 vs. 0.22 ± 0.40, <i>p</i> < 0.001), HADS anxiety score (-2.77 ± 0.64 vs. 0.94 ± 0.63, <i>p</i>=0.001), HADS depression score (-2.38 ± 0.47 vs. 0.61 ± 0.33, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and GHQ total score (-12.11 ± 1.48 <i>vs</i>. 3.55 ± 1.39, <i>p</i> < 0.001). <b>Conclusion:</b> Butyrate could serve as an effective adjuvant treatment for reducing disease severity and alleviating psychological symptoms. This trial was registered on the Research Ethics Committee of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, with the reference number IR.SUMS.SCHEANUT.REC.1400.037. <b>Trial Registration:</b> Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20211214053401N1.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3165876"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Malnutrition and Associated Factors Among the Elderly With Type 2 Diabetes Using MNA Form.","authors":"Thamina Rashid, Summaiyah Zia, Saba Mughal, Akhtar Ali Baloch, Mohammad Uzair Abdul Rauf, Syed Muhammad Hasan","doi":"10.1155/jnme/2107146","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/2107146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This study has been conducted to identify the frequency of malnutrition and different factors associated with it among elderly people with Type 2 diabetes. <b>Methods:</b> This cross-sectional study was conducted in the National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology (NIDE), DUHS, Karachi, between January 2023 and October 2023. A total of 325 elderly participants aged ≥ 60 years with Type 2 diabetes were included. Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) was used for data collection. <b>Results:</b> Nutritional assessment of older diabetic patients according to the MNA revealed that 226 (69.5%) patients were at risk of malnutrition whereas 53 (16.3%) were malnourished. A total of 325 Type 2 diabetic patients were included in the study with a mean age of 65.7 ± 5.5 years, where 135 (41.5%) were male and 190 (58.5%) were female. Older patients (mean age: 65 years) were significantly more malnourished compared to those with normal nutrition (mean age: 62 years; <i>p</i>=0.021). Employed patients were less likely to have the risk of malnutrition as compared to housewives (<i>p</i>=0.005). Patients who had low family income were eight times more likely to be malnourished as compared to those who had better family income (<i>p</i>=0.003). It was also found that patients with low BMI and calf circumference will be more prone to be malnourished as compared to those with high levels of BMI (<i>p</i>=0.003) and calf circumference (<i>p</i>=0.013). <b>Conclusion:</b> The majority of study participants were at risk of malnourishment, with associated factors such as rapid weight loss, poor health status, decline in physical activity, and food intake. Therefore, these findings highlight the importance of tailored interventions for at-risk individuals, including regular screening and nutritional support.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2025 ","pages":"2107146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11919468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undernutrition Among Pregnant Women in an Urban Municipality in Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Agartha Afful Boateng, Dorothy Serwaa Boakye, Charles Owusu-Aduomi Botchwey, Richard Boateng, Emmanuel Kumah","doi":"10.1155/jnme/4420685","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/4420685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Despite efforts to address malnutrition, it remains prevalent in Ghana and other developing nations. High rates of malnutrition hinder the achievement of the health-related sustainable development goals. Understanding the factors contributing to undernutrition among pregnant women (PW) is essential for developing targeted interventions. This study, therefore, aims to assess the prevalence of undernutrition, dietary diversity (DD), and predictors of undernutrition among PW in Effutu Municipality in the Central Region of Ghana. <b>Methods:</b> Two hospitals within the Effutu Municipality were recruited for the study. The study was conducted among 301 PW (15-49 years) recruited through simple random sampling from September 20, 2022, to October 24, 2022. The mid-upper arm circumference and minimum DD score for women were used as a proxy for undernutrition and DD, respectively. SPSS version 26 was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and binary regression analysis were conducted to describe variables and identify the association between dependent and independent variables. <b>Results:</b> The majority of the respondents (40.5%) were in the age range of 26-30 years and were single (53.2%). The prevalence of undernutrition was 9.3%, while 7.6% of the respondents had poor DD scores. Factors identified to be associated with undernutrition were DD score (OR = 15.244, 95% CI: 5.399-43.040), employment status (OR = 3.311, 95% CI: 1.075-10.195), and parity (OR = 2.903, 95% CI: 1.125-7.492). <b>Conclusion:</b> Effutu Municipality in Ghana faces a moderate prevalence of undernutrition among PW, despite generally adequate DD. Targeted interventions focusing on improving DD, particularly among unemployed and multiparous women, are essential for addressing undernutrition and improving maternal and fetal health outcomes in the study area. These findings underscore the importance of context-specific strategies to combat malnutrition among PW.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2025 ","pages":"4420685"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11828651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body Weight Changes During Ramadan Intermittent Fasting: A Cross-Sectional Study of Healthy Adults in Turkey.","authors":"Ammar Mektebi, Mağfiret Abdulveli Bozlar, Noura Kanjo, Muhammed Munir Al-Jebaili, Youssef Nasrallah, MoezAlIslam Faris, Moien Ab Khan","doi":"10.1155/jnme/8851660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jnme/8851660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> This study explores the impact of observing Ramadan intermittent fasting (RIF) on body weight in Turkish residents, marking it as the first study conducted in Turkey to investigate the interplay of religious fasting with dietary changes amid the COVID-19 pandemic. We hypothesized that observing Ramadan fasting would result in weight loss attributable to dietary changes, while decreased physical activity would correlate with weight gain during this period. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Muslims aged 18+ in Turkey who fasted at least two days during Ramadan 2021. Data were collected via Google Forms, with 1669 participants recruited through social media. Descriptive statistics summarized participant characteristics, and Pearson's Chi-square tests assessed weight change differences. Binary logistic regression identified predictors of weight gain, adjusting for factors such as sex, age, physical activity, water consumption, and diet. <b>Results:</b> Of the 1669 respondents (53.6% female), 49.4% perceived their weight as normal, while 47.0% classified themselves as overweight or obese. Logistic regression indicated that decreased physical activity (AOR = 1.618, <i>p</i>=0.001) and increased fat intake (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.2-2.9) were significant predictors of weight gain. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our findings emphasize the importance of promoting healthy eating and regular physical activity during Ramadan.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8851660"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11870768/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of Current Strategies to Address Micronutrient Deficiencies (MNDs) in Ghana: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Jolene Mateko Azagba-Nyako, Charles Tortoe, Paa Toah Akonor, Alice Padi, Jackline Boateng, Richard Otwey","doi":"10.1155/jnme/6652716","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/6652716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To achieve the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030, low-income countries like Ghana will require strategizing towards sustainable reduction in micronutrient deficiency (MND) diseases and MND-related morbidity and mortality. A scoping review was conducted to identify the policy framework around MND intervention, the actors implementing MND-related strategies and documented evidence on which strategies worked across implementation stakeholders. Forty-six peer-reviewed articles were selected (<i>n</i> = 46) including studies on nutrition-sensitive intervention studies (<i>n</i> = 15) and nutrition-specific intervention (<i>n</i> = 31). Eligibility criteria for inclusion of information from articles and publications were based on report findings on nutrition-related programmes and policies conducted and implemented in Ghana and should have been published between 2000 and 2024. Databases adopted for this scoping review include Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, AGORA, Hinari and JSTOR. This scoping review obtained a comprehensive picture of the nutrition situation in Ghana by gathering nutrition surveillance data depicting the different strategies employed to combat MNDs in Ghana. The scoping review identified several MND intervention strategies; however, the sustainability of the strategies required effective implementation guidelines, policies and programmes that address dietary deficits specific to a particular population.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6652716"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824488/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Tocotrienol on Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Liana Trugilho, Lívia Alvarenga, Ludmila Cardozo, Bruna Paiva, Jessyca Brito, Isis Barboza, Jonatas Almeida, Juliana Dos Anjos, Pramod Khosla, Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves, Denise Mafra","doi":"10.1155/jnme/8482883","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jnme/8482883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tocotrienols, isomers of vitamin E, may provide an effective nutritional strategy to mitigate common cardiovascular risks such as dyslipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate the effects of a tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) supplementation (300 mg/day) on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, including transcription factors in nondialysis (ND) and hemodialysis (HD) CKD patients for three months. Interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-<i>α</i> (IL-6 and TNF-<i>α</i>), C-reactive protein (CRP), lipid peroxidation, biochemical parameters, and transcription factors such as NRF2 and NF-<i>κ</i>B mRNA expression were evaluated. Seventeen HD patients (9 in the placebo group, 8 in the TRF group) and 16 ND CKD patients (8 in the placebo group and 8 in the TRF group) completed the study. In HD patients, significant reductions were observed in LDL cholesterol (<i>p</i>=0.04) and total plasma cholesterol levels (<i>p</i>=0.01) after TRF intervention. CRP serum levels decreased significantly in ND CKD patients (<i>p</i>=0.05) after TRF supplementation. Transcription factors NRF2 and NF-<i>κ</i>B mRNA expressions remained unaltered in both groups. This study suggests that TRF supplementation may mitigate dyslipidemia and inflammation, factors involved with increased cardiovascular risk, in CKD patients, with variations in efficacy between HD and ND patients. <b>Trial Registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04900532.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8482883"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11745556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}