Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the Role of Licorice and Its Derivatives in Cell Signaling Pathway NF-<i>κ</i>B and MAPK.","authors":"Ieaman Fatima, Amna Sahar, Amna Tariq, Tabana Naz, Muhammad Usman","doi":"10.1155/2024/9988167","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/9988167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Licorice is a therapeutic herb in traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Licorice is considered as an anti-inflammatory agent due to its suppression and inhibition of inflammatory pathways. Licorice has many bioactive compounds such as glycyrrhetinic acid, glycyrrhizin, liquiritigenin, and isoliquirtigenin which are principally accountable for its therapeutic benefits. These bioactive components reduce inflammation by preventing the activation of important inflammatory pathways including mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-<i>κ</i>B). As a result of this tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-<i>α</i>), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1<i>β</i>) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are among the proinflammatory cytokines whose production is inhibited. Components present in licorice inhibit the activation by suppressing the I<i>κ</i>B<i>α</i> phosphorylation and degradation. Moreover, licorice compounds also attenuate the MAPK signaling cascades by inhibiting the MAPK kinase phosphorylation and downstream MAPKs such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 MAPK, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). The present review focuses on the current understanding of licorice effect on the NF-<i>κ</i>B and MAPK inflammatory cell signaling pathways at molecular level. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggested that licorice-derived bioactive compounds may attenuate the molecular mechanism which is associated with inflammation, providing the additional insights into the therapeutic potential. Further studies explained the precise molecular mechanism at the cellular level underlying the licorice anti-inflammatory effect and potential application in managing inflammatory disorders. In conclusion, licorice has a complex mode of action and is a valuable natural anti-inflammatory. Its natural origin and effectiveness in clinical applications make it an intriguing topic for additional study. As licorice becomes more widely used in medicine, future research should focus on refining its formulations to optimize therapeutic advantages.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ketogenic Diet: A Review of Composition Diversity, Mechanism of Action and Clinical Application.","authors":"Dominika Malinowska, Małgorzata Żendzian-Piotrowska","doi":"10.1155/2024/6666171","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6666171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ketogenic diet (KD) is a special high-fat, very low-carbohydrate diet with the amount of protein adjusted to one's requirements. By lowering the supply of carbohydrates, this diet induces a considerable change in metabolism (of protein and fat) and increases the production of ketone bodies. The purpose of this article is to review the diversity of composition, mechanism of action, clinical application and risk associated with the KD. In the last decade, more and more results of the diet's effects on obesity, diabetes and neurological disorders, among other examples have appeared. The beneficial effects of the KD on neurological diseases are related to the reconstruction of myelin sheaths of neurons, reduction of neuron inflammation, decreased production of reactive oxygen species, support of dopamine production, repair of damaged mitochondria and formation of new ones. Minimizing the intake of carbohydrates results in the reduced absorption of simple sugars, thereby decreasing blood glucose levels and fluctuations of glycaemia in diabetes. Studies on obesity indicate an advantage of the KD over other diets in terms of weight loss. This may be due to the upregulation of the biological activity of appetite-controlling hormones, or to decreased lipogenesis, intensified lipolysis and increased metabolic costs of gluconeogenesis. However, it is important to be aware of the side effects of the KD. These include disorders of the digestive system as well as headaches, irritability, fatigue, the occurrence of vitamin and mineral deficiencies and worsened lipid profile. Further studies aimed to determine long-term effects of the KD are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11511599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Short-Term Supplementation With Guanidinoacetic Acid and Creatine Versus Creatine Alone on Body Composition Indices in Healthy Men and Women: Creatine-Guanidinoacetic Acid Affects Body Composition.","authors":"Sonja Baltic, David Nedeljkovic, Nikola Todorovic, Laszlo Ratgeber, Jozsef Betlehem, Pongrac Acs, Valdemar Stajer, Sergej M Ostojic","doi":"10.1155/2024/7815807","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/7815807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The main objective of this pilot study was to compare the effects of short-term supplementation with a mixture containing creatine and guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) versus creatine alone on body composition indices in men and women. Twenty-three apparently healthy young adults (mean age: 21.4 ± 0.6 years; 10 females) were randomly assigned to receive either a mixture (consisting of 2 g of creatine monohydrate and 2 g of GAA) or an equimolar amount of creatine monohydrate in a pretest-posttest control group experimental crossover design. After the intervention period, participants entered a 2-week washout phase to minimize any residual effects of the treatment. Body composition was assessed using a multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis at baseline (preadministration) and at the 7-day follow-up (postadministration). A significant interaction effect was found for extracellular mass (<i>p</i>=0.009), with creatine-GAA outperforming creatine in augmenting extracellular mass across the whole sample. In the male subsample, creatine was superior to the mixture in increasing intracellular water (<i>p</i>=0.049), whereas the mixture increased extracellular mass, contrasting with the reduction observed with creatine alone (<i>p</i>=0.008). No significant differences between interventions were reported in the female subsample (<i>p</i> > 0.05), indicating that adding GAA to creatine may produce unique, sex-specific effects on body composition. Further studies are needed to validate our findings across different demographic cohorts and various interventional regimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142467964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D Status and Physical Functioning in Nursing Home Residents after Improved Adherence to the Vitamin D and Calcium Recommendation-A Quasiexperimental Study.","authors":"Charlotte Mortensen, Anne Marie Beck, Inge Tetens, Charlotte Jeppesen, Søren Frank Jørgensen, Leif Kofoed Nielsen, Michael Kristensen","doi":"10.1155/2024/2405429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/2405429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dietary supplements with vitamin and calcium are recommended to nursing home residents in Denmark, but adherence to the recommendation is low. In a previous part of this study, we reported improved adherence by means of The Model for Improvement leading to increased awareness and change of workflows at two nursing homes. However, potential effects of this improved adherence are unknown.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this substudy was to investigate if the improved adherence to the recommendation affected vitamin D status, muscle strength, and physical functioning of the residents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a 20-week quasiexperimental study involving 40 residents from two Danish nursing homes. Baseline and endpoint measurements took place in October 2021 and March 2022, respectively. Outcomes were number of residents taking vitamin D and calcium supplements; vitamin D status; handgrip strength; and physical functioning with timed-up-and-go test and 30-second chair stand test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prevalence of vitamin D supplement users increased from 45 to 78% (mean dose 41 <i>μ</i>g) and of calcium supplement users from 40 to 72% (mean dose 769 mg) (both <i>P</i>=0.002). Among those having blood sampled at both baseline and endpoint (<i>n</i> = 30), mean vitamin D status increased from 66.6 ± 31.7 nmol/L to 82.8 ± 26.3 nmol/L (<i>P</i> < 0.001), and more residents were vitamin D sufficient at endpoint (90 vs. 63%, <i>P</i>=0.021). Endpoint vitamin D status among supplement users was 88.2 ± 22.2 nmol/L, which was higher compared to nonsupplement users (55.3 ± 30.4 nmol/L, <i>P</i> < 0.01). No effects were seen on muscle strength or physical functioning.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increased supplementation with vitamin D using The Model for Improvement positively affected vitamin D status and prevalence of vitamin D sufficiency but did not affect muscle strength or physical functioning. Longer-term studies involving more residents are needed to investigate effects of improved adherence on these outcomes. This trial is registered with NCT04956705.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11470817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142467965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Incidence of Refeeding Syndrome during the Transition from F75 to Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Feeds among Children 6 to 59 Months with Severe Acute Malnutrition at the Pediatric Nutritional Unit of Mulago Hospital.","authors":"Wani Muzeyi, Teddy Ochieng Andra, Lorraine Oriokot, Victor Musiime","doi":"10.1155/2024/5469478","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5469478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Refeeding syndrome is a complication developed by children being managed for severe acute malnutrition (SAM). It is caused by changes in electrolyte balance once high-caloric feeding is reinitiated. Phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium are the main electrolytes affected when it occurs. However, hypophosphatemia is the hallmark of the diagnosis of refeeding syndrome. WHO recommends inpatient management of patients with complicated SAM with initially F75 which is low in calories and later transitioned to RUTF which is high in calories but also has a higher phosphorus content.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to determine the incidence and factors associated with refeeding syndrome in the transition phase when treating children aged 6 to 59 months with severe acute malnutrition at the Mwanamugimu Nutritional Unit, Mulago.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective cohort study at the Mwanamugimu Nutritional Unit of Mulago National Referral Hospital. A total of 150 children between 6 and 59 months with SAM were enrolled into the study. We measured serum electrolytes (phosphorus, sodium, and potassium) at admission, initiation of RUTF, and 48 hours after transition. The refeeding syndrome was diagnosed by a drop in serum phosphorus of more than 0.3 mmol from baseline. The data were analyzed using STATA 17.0. Incidence of refeeding syndrome was determined as the proportion of participants whose serum phosphorus declined by more than 0.3 mmol from baseline. For factors associated, a multivariate-modified Poisson regression analysis reporting relative risk was performed with a 0.2 level of significance at bivariate and 0.05 at multivariate analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 150 children recruited, 35 were lost to follow-up and 115 children had their data analyzed. Of the 115 participants in the study, 40 developed refeeding syndrome indicating a cumulative incidence of 34.8% with a 95% CI of 26.5-44%. A low baseline serum sodium (RR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.80-0.99, and <i>P</i> value: 0.038) and having edematous malnutrition (RR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.81-0.99, and <i>P</i> value; 0.042) at admission were found to be significant (<i>P</i> < 0.05) risk factors of refeeding syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The cumulative incidence of RFS of 34.8% is very high. RFS is found to be associated with low baseline sodium and pedal edema. Children with a low baseline sodium and edema should undergo a cautious transition of feeds.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11455593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benfotiamine Supplementation Increases Thiamine in Muscle of Endurance-Trained Mice and Affects the Energy Metabolism.","authors":"Álisson C Gonçalves, Jéssica F Vieira, Ana Carolina N Rodrigues, Eddie F C Murta, Júlio S Marchini, Márcia A Michelin, Guilherme V Portari","doi":"10.1155/2024/6102611","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6102611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Benfotiamine, a synthetic analog of thiamine, offers greater bioavailability compared to other thiamine salts and increases thiamine stores upon oral intake. Thiamine is essential for energy metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of oral benfotiamine supplementation on energy metabolism, particularly the Krebs cycle function, in the muscle of endurance-trained mice, and to assess its impact on endurance performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-five mice were randomly assigned to four groups: a standard diet with sedentary behavior (Sta-Sed), a benfotiamine-supplemented diet with sedentary behavior (Ben-Sed), a standard diet with swimming training (Sta-Tr), and a benfotiamine-supplemented diet with swimming training (Ben-Tr). The trained groups underwent five weekly swimming sessions for six weeks, followed by an exhaustive test. Thiamine and its esters were measured in erythrocytes and gastrocnemius muscle. Gene expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDHa) and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH), along with levels of pyruvic, lactic, and hydroxybutyric acids in muscle, was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The benfotiamine-supplemented groups had higher thiamine levels in erythrocytes and muscles compared to the standard-diet groups. No differences were observed in PDHa and OGDH gene expression. The Ben-Tr group exhibited increased muscle lactic acid levels and a higher lactic acid to pyruvic acid ratio compared to the sedentary groups. Hydroxybutyric acid levels were also elevated in the Ben-Tr group. No significant differences in exhaustive test duration were found between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Benfotiamine supplementation increases thiamine levels in erythrocytes and muscle but does not affect the gene expression of thiamine-dependent enzymes. Although it alters energy metabolism in trained muscle, it does not enhance endurance performance in mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11449553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Dietary Patterns with Metabolic Syndrome among Middle-Aged Adults in Shiraz, Iran: Shiraz Heart Study (SHS).","authors":"Nasrin Motazedian, Mohammad Javad Zibaeenezhad, Mehrab Sayadi, Fatemeh Khademian, Mohaddeseh Hasanzadeh, Ali Ghorbanpour, Ashkan Shamsaeefar","doi":"10.1155/2024/1382031","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/1382031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a noncommunicable disease with a high burden, including the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular events, and death. It is characterized by abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, increased fasting plasma glucose levels, hypertriglyceridemia, and reduced levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. MetS is preventable by modifying lifestyle and dietary patterns, which are major contributing factors. This research aimed to investigate the dietary patterns of the Shiraz Heart Study (SHS) and their associations with the occurrence of MetS and its components among middle-aged residents of Shiraz.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on data from the Shiraz Heart Study (SHS), a prospective cohort study, the nutritional status of 1,675 participants was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Three food patterns were extracted from the analysis named as vegan, western, and carbohydrate. Subjects were categorized into three levels for three major dietary patterns: low, moderate, and high, based on their adherence to each pattern. After adjusting the effect of co-founder variables, the relationship between dietary patterns, and the risk of developing MetS was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1,675 participants, 728 (43.5%) of them were male. The prevalence of MetS was 47.2%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high adherence to the vegan pattern was negatively associated with the occurrence of MetS (<i>P</i> value <0.001), while low adherence to the western pattern was also negatively associated (<i>P</i> value <0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Healthier diets, such as vegan diets, are significantly related to lower rates of MetS among the 40-70-year-old people in Shiraz, Iran.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11449550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Body Composition of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Patients: A Quasi-Experimental Study.","authors":"Thais A Cunha, Karina M Vermeulen-Serpa, Evellyn C Grilo, Mário E T Dourado-Júnior, Breno G P Bezerra, Núbia R S M Torres, Márcia M G D Lopes, Lucia Leite-Lais, José Brandão-Neto, Sancha H L Vale","doi":"10.1155/2024/5522139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5522139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study hypothesized that zinc supplementation would increase or preserve lean body mass in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the body composition of DMD patients before and after zinc supplementation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study is a clinical trial comprising 21 boys diagnosed with DMD. Dietary intake parameters were evaluated before zinc supplementation. Serum zinc levels, anthropometry, and body composition were measured in three moments, four months apart. The patients received 5, 10, or 15 mg of zinc bis-glycine supplementation according to age as an oral solution daily for four months. The sample was distributed into two groups according to serum zinc status: zinc deficiency (G1) or adequate zinc (G2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant difference in lean body mass between the groups: zinc deficiency (G1) or adequate zinc (G2), at three times (<i>p</i>=0.041, 0.016, and 0.009, respectively). After oral zinc supplementation, serum zinc levels were not different between groups. We did not observe differences when associating the parameters between times and groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Zinc supplementation was able to maintain lean body mass and fat mass in patients with DMD with previous deficiencies. Therefore, it is necessary to have a prior screening of serum zinc levels to observe changes after supplementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142348549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiulcer Effect of Genus <i>Symphytum</i> L. and <i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L. as Investigated on Experimental Animals.","authors":"El-Sayed H Bakr, Amal Al-Ghamdi, Reham Al-Amri, Muna Al-Otaibi, Nada Al-Saad, Ghala Al-Matrafi, Ziad T Kishmira, Firas Azzeh, Areej A Almuraee","doi":"10.1155/2024/9208110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9208110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) occurs when open sores, or ulcers, form in the stomach or first part of the small intestine caused by bacterial infection (<i>H. pylori</i>) and/or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use. This study was conducted to evaluate the antiulcer effect of some plants including genus <i>Symphytum</i> L., and <i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L. on aspirin-induced acute gastric ulcer in rats. Sixteen male albino rats (200-210 g b.wt. each) were divided into 4 groups, 4 rats each, one of them left as the control -ve group while the other 3 groups orally administered with aspirin at a dose of 200 mg/kg b.wt., for gastric ulcer induction, one of them left as control +ve and the rest 2 groups were orally administered with genus <i>Symphytum</i> L. and <i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L. at a dose of 100 mg/kg b.wt., each. for seven consecutive days. Body weight gain (BWG), the length of gastric ulcer, the volume of gastric juice, the total acidity of gastric juice, and blood sample were assessed. The results showed that orally administered with genus <i>Symphytum</i> L. and <i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L. significantly reduced the length of gastric ulcer, gastric juice volume, and total acidity of gastric juice, in addition to decreasing total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), RBC, WBC, HGB, and PLT. No significant changes were observed in the pH of gastric juice among treated groups. Moreover, in comparison to <i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L., genus <i>Symphytum</i> L. showed preferable results. Accordingly, genus <i>Symphytum</i> L. and <i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L. could be used as plants as curative agents against gastric ulcer in experimental rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11421941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142348536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Intake Pattern and Nutritional Status of Women of Reproductive Age in Slum Areas of Pokhara Metropolitan.","authors":"Babita Kandel, Dhurba Khatri, Arun Kumar Koirala, Yamuna Chhetri, Alisha Manandhar","doi":"10.1155/2024/6677529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/6677529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The pattern of diet intake is associated with food availability and the intake of nutrients from different food groups and is an important component of nutritional status. The dietary habits of individuals are integral to understanding their nutritional wellbeing, making this assessment crucial for public health interventions. The objective of the study was to assess the dietary intake pattern and nutritional status among women of reproductive age in slum areas of Pokhara Metropolitan. <i>Methodology</i>. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted to assess the dietary intake pattern and nutritional status among 404 women of reproductive age in the slum area of Pokhara from June 2019 to December 2019. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the wards while a purposive sampling technique was used to collect the samples. 24-hour recall meal-based questions and anthropometric measurements were used for collecting data. Data were entered into EpiData and analyzed using SPSS version 16 software for analysis. Frequency and mean, median, chi-square test, and logistic regression were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean (±SD) age (SD) of the participants was 31 (±9.25) years, and most of the participants belonged to the age group 25-35 years. Out of 404 women of reproductive age, 99% of the participants consumed starchy staple foods daily, while 56.7% ate vegetables daily, and nearly half frequently consumed prepackaged foods and soft drinks. Among the total participants, 41.3% were found with a normal BMI, 37.6% were overweight, and only 12.4% were underweight. There was a significant association between underweight and age, women's occupation, and frequency of food consumption per day. Age, knowledge of nutrition, and frequency of food consumption per day were found to be associated factors with being overweight at a <i>p</i> value <0.05.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Age, occupation status, and frequency of food consumption were the key predictors of being underweight, and age, knowledge regarding nutrition, and frequency of meals were the key predictors of being overweight. Developing countries must emphasize the importance of considering these factors in public health interventions and strategies aimed at promoting healthy weight management. More studies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11398952/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}