Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"The Antihyperglycemic Effect of Crude Liang (<i>Gnetum gnemon</i> var. <i>tenerum</i>) Leaves Powder on Wistar Rats.","authors":"Anunya Suksanga,&nbsp;Sunisa Siripongvutikorn,&nbsp;Rattana Leelawattana,&nbsp;Chutha T Yupanqui","doi":"10.1155/2023/5630204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5630204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chlorophyll and chlorophyllin (CHL) demonstrated antidiabetic activity by inhibiting gluconeogenesis and increasing glucose uptake in rats' muscle cells. Liang leaves contain high amounts of chlorophyll and chlorophyllin and may provide an antidiabetic effect. The antidiabetic activity of chlorophyll and CHL contained in Liang leaves, Cu-chlorophyllin (CCL) Liang leaves treated with CuSO₄, and untreated crude Liang leaves (CLL) were compared using commercial chlorophyllin (CHL) as a reference. Twelve Wistar male rats were separated into 4 groups (3 rats/group); the first was a normal one (based line group), the second were the diabetic rats treated with CHL, while the third and the fourth were the diabetic rats treated with 0.97 g/kg of CCL and CLL, respectively. Diabetic rats were induced by a high fructose diet, before being taken to administer commercial CHL, CCL, and CLL for 7 days. Nonfasting blood glucose and body weight were checked daily. After euthanasia, organ weight, biochemical, hematological, and histopathological properties were evaluated. CCL treatment showed no antihyperglycemic activity in the rat model but caused some biochemical abnormalities and thrombocytopenia. Commercial CHL gave a higher reduction of nonfasting blood glucose (NFBG) than Liang leaves powder CCL or CLL but also showed some signs of abnormal biochemical parameters. CLL exhibited an antihyperglycemic effect, with higher body weight and increased HDL/LDL ratio and thus could be a promising alternative natural source for diabetes treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2023 ","pages":"5630204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10484651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10222498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Habits and Nutritional Challenges of the Elderly in Ghana.","authors":"Auswell Amfo-Antiri,&nbsp;Nana Ama Frimpomaa Agyapong,&nbsp;Linda Cobbah","doi":"10.1155/2023/3011067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3011067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The elderly population is increasing worldwide. Dietary habits play a crucial role in prolonging life and preventing diseases. This cross-sectional study sought to investigate the dietary habits of the elderly in the Kwahu South District of the Eastern Region of Ghana and further ascertain the factors that constitute nutritional challenges among this group. A mixed method approach was used for the study. A questionnaire and focus group discussion guide were used to solicit data from study participants. A total of 97 participants made up of 59 males and 38 females participated in the study. Data on food habits reveal that staple food consumption especially those grown within the study area is common. Rice (34.1%), game meat (47.1%), banana (63.9%), and garden eggs (27.8%) were the commonly consumed foods by frequency. Mood (41.2%) and stress (24.8%) were identified as the most predominant determinants of food habits. Poly medication, toothache and loss, immobility, and financial and technological challenges were amongst the nutritional challenges mentioned by the elderly in this study. Results from the focus group discussion revealed high nutrition knowledge among the elderly through factors such as financial constraints that were mentioned as a barrier to the translation of this knowledge into practice. Strengthening of existing interventional programmes such as the Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty and social interventions is needed to improve the dietary habits and nutritional intakes of the elderly.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2023 ","pages":"3011067"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9985507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10849507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Soy and Whey Protein Supplementation on Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Normal Weight Asian Indians.","authors":"Sucharita Sambashivaiah,&nbsp;Mark Cope,&nbsp;Ratna Mukherjea,&nbsp;Sumithra Selvam,&nbsp;Nivya George,&nbsp;Rebecca Kuriyan,&nbsp;Anura V Kurpad","doi":"10.1155/2023/2622057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2622057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Milk and legumes are good source of protein foods used to sustain muscle mass, but their effects on postprandial glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism may be different. This is relevant, for example, in the dietetic response to obesity or diabetes, where the intake of high-quality protein is often increased significantly. The objective of this study was to characterize the acute effect of whey and soy protein (15% vs. 30%) on glucose homeostasis, energy metabolism, and satiety. Healthy, normal body mass index (BMI) Indian adult males aged 20-35 years (<i>n</i> = 15) received 4 test meals (2 proteins (soy vs. whey) and 2 doses (15% vs. 30% protein: energy ratio)). Blood samples were collected serially after the meal to calculate the incremental area under the curve for plasma glucose and insulin. Energy expenditure and substrate oxidation were measured after the meal. Satiety was measured with a visual analogue scale. The insulin response, represented by the incremental area under the curve, was significantly higher for the 30% whey compared to the 30% soy protein meal (<i>p</i> < 0.01) but was not significantly different between the 15% protein doses. There were no differences in the plasma glucose response across protein sources or doses. The mean peak fat and carbohydrate oxidation, satiety, and energy expenditure did not differ between the protein sources and doses. In conclusion, at higher doses, whey protein has a greater insulinogenic response, compared to soy protein, and exhibits a dose-response effect. However, at lower doses, whey and soy protein elicit similar insulinogenic responses, making them equally effective protein sources in relation to glucose homoeostasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2023 ","pages":"2622057"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10352526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9899417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Undaria pinnatifida</i> (Wakame) Intake Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Glucose Intolerance via Promoting GLUT4 Expression and Membrane Translocation in Muscle.","authors":"Motoki Imai,&nbsp;Fumitaka Kawakami,&nbsp;Mutsumi Chiba,&nbsp;Makoto Kanzaki,&nbsp;Hiroko Maruyama","doi":"10.1155/2023/9774157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9774157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a lifestyle-related disease, is developed due to eating habits and decreased physical activity. Diabetes also increases the risk of cancer and major neurodegenerative diseases; controlling the onset of diabetes helps prevent various illnesses. Eating seaweed, such as <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i> (wakame), is a part of the Asian food culture. Therefore, we analyzed the antidiabetic effect of wakame intake using the high-fat diet-induced diabetes mouse model. Furthermore, we analyzed the effect of wakame extract on the cell membrane translocation of glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) and activation of insulin signal molecules, such as AKT and AMPK, in insulin-sensitive tissues. Differentiated C2C12 cells were incubated with wakame components. The membrane translocation of GLUT4 and phosphorylation of AKT and AMPK were investigated with immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting, respectively. Also, male C57BL/6J mice were fed the normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), ND with 1% wakame powder (ND + W), or HFD with 1% wakame powder (HFD + W). We evaluated the effect of wakame intake on high-fat diet-induced glucose intolerance using an oral glucose tolerance test. Moreover, we analyzed insulin signaling molecules, such as GLUT4, AKT, and AMPK, in muscle using Western blotting. GLUT4 membrane translocation was promoted by wakame components. Also, GLUT4 levels and AKT and AMPK phosphorylation were significantly elevated by wakame components in C2C12 cells. In addition, the area under the curve (AUC) of the HFD + W group was significantly smaller than that of the HFD group. Furthermore, the level of GLUT4 in the muscle was increased in the wakame intake group. This study revealed that various wakame components exerted antidiabetic effects on the mice on a high-fat diet by promoting glucose uptake in the skeletal muscle, enhancing GLUT4 levels, and activating AKT and AMPK.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2023 ","pages":"9774157"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9845039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10554190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microwave System: A Novel Treatment for Localized Adiposity Reduction in a Latin American Population.","authors":"Aura Ibeth Ruiz-Rosas,&nbsp;Nelly Patricia Muño-Velasco,&nbsp;Dayana Sofia Rengifo-Bolaños,&nbsp;Tatiana Carolina Reyes-Vivas,&nbsp;Paula Lozano-Bitar,&nbsp;Irene Fusco,&nbsp;Paola Andrea Russy-Buitrago","doi":"10.1155/2023/9998499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9998499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The microwave body remodeling system is indicated for people who want to improve their physical appearance as it can penetrate deep tissues, causing thermic stress on adipocytes to produce adipolysis while in superficial tissues, it dissolves fibrous tracts and stimulates new collagen.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to assess the localized adiposity reduction in Latin American patients using a microwave system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 35 patients with a mean age of 47.5 (±9.0) years received body remodeling treatment, using the microwave system between the years 2019-2022 in a Bogota, Colombia reference center. Data descriptive analysis was made as well as single-factor repeated measures ANOVA to show pre- and post-treatment difference, and mixed ANOVA for body mass index (BMI) subgroup analysis was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all patients examined, statistical significant differences were found in pre- and post-treatment skinfold test for each body area: superior abdomen (<i>F</i>(1,27) = 63.13; <i>p</i>=0.001), iliac crest (<i>F</i>(1, 23) = 114.33; <i>p</i> < 0.001), posterior waist (<i>F</i>(1, 20) = 27.36; <i>p</i> < 0.001), trochanter (<i>F</i>(1, 17) = 26.94; <i>p</i> < 0.001), among others.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>According to the study's findings, this microwave system is an innovative and effective technique for body remodeling and cellulite and localized fat reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2023 ","pages":"9998499"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10353896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10203259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Following Paleolithic and Mediterranean Diets Reduce the Risk of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression: A Cross-Sectional Study on Iranian Women.","authors":"Behzad Zamani,&nbsp;Mobina Zeinalabedini,&nbsp;Ensieh Nasli Esfahani,&nbsp;Leila Azadbakht","doi":"10.1155/2023/2226104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2226104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychiatric disorders have been a challenge for public health and will bring economic problems to individuals and healthcare systems in the future. One of the important factors that could affect these disorders is diet.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In the current study with a cross-sectional design, we investigated the association of Paleolithic and Mediterranean diets with psychological disorders in a sample of adult women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 435 adult women between 20 and 50 years old that refer to healthcare centers in the south of Tehran, Iran. The diet scores were created by the response to a valid and reliable semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and the psychological profile was determined by response to the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). The multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was applied to compute the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusted for potential confounders, it is evident that participants in the highest Paleolithic diet tertile had lower odds of depression (OR = 0.21; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.37: <i>P</i> < 0.001), anxiety (OR = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.16, 0.45: <i>P</i> < 0.001), and stress (OR = 0.19; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.32; <i>P</i> < 0.001) in comparison to the lowest tertile. Furthermore, those in the third tertile of the Mediterranean diet score were at lower risk of depression (OR = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.36; <i>P</i> < 0.001), anxiety (OR = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.38; <i>P</i> < 0.001), and stress (OR = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.39; <i>P</i> < 0.001) compared with those in the first tertile.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The result of the current study suggests that greater adherence to Paleolithic and Mediterranean dietary patterns may be related with a decreased risk of psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety, and stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2023 ","pages":"2226104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10005875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9095562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Plasma BDNF and <i>BDNF</i> Gene Polymorphism with Cardiometabolic Parameters in Thai Children: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Kanjana Suriyaprom,&nbsp;Banchamaphon Pheungruang,&nbsp;Somchai Pooudong,&nbsp;Pumpath Putpadungwipon,&nbsp;Chutima Sirikulchayanonta","doi":"10.1155/2023/9668626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9668626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood obesity is an important public health crisis worldwide. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been demonstrated to play a role in controlling energy homeostasis and cardiovascular regulation.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and anthropometric-cardiometabolic and hematological parameters in obese and nonobese children and to determine whether two <i>BDNF</i> gene polymorphisms (G196A and C270T) are linked to BDNF levels, obesity, and anthropometric-cardiometabolic and hematological parameters among Thai children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study included an analysis of 469 Thai children: 279 healthy nonobese and 190 obese children. Anthropometric-cardiometabolic and hematological variables and BDNF levels were measured. Genotyping of <i>BDNF</i> G196A and C270T was performed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children in the obese group had significantly higher white blood cell counts and some cardiometabolic parameters. Although the difference in BDNF level between the nonobese and obese groups was not significant, BDNF level was significantly positively correlated with hematological and cardiometabolic parameters, including blood pressure, triglycerides, and triglycerides and the glucose index. The <i>BDNF</i> G196A polymorphism in children was only associated with decreased systolic blood pressure (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while the <i>BDNF</i> C270T polymorphism was found not to be related to BDNF levels, obesity, or other parameters after adjusting for potential covariates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings in Thai children suggest that obesity is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk factors, but not with BDNF levels or the two <i>BDNF</i> polymorphisms studied, while the <i>BDNF</i> G196A polymorphism is a beneficial marker for controlling blood pressure among Thai children.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2023 ","pages":"9668626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10065857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9247381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Western Diet Decreases Hepatic Drug Metabolism in Male LDLr^-/-ApoB^100/100 Mice.","authors":"Markus Koponen,&nbsp;Jaana Rysä,&nbsp;Anna-Kaisa Ruotsalainen,&nbsp;Olli Kärkkäinen,&nbsp;Risto O Juvonen","doi":"10.1155/2023/5599789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5599789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Consumption of a Western diet is an important risk factor for several chronic diseases including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but its effect on the xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme activities in the liver has been studied incompletely. In this study, male LDLr^-/-ApoB^100/100 mice were fed with Western diet (WD) or a standard diet for five months to reveal the effects on drug metabolism such as cytochrome P450 (CYP) oxidation and conjugation activities in the liver. Hepatic steatosis, lobular inflammation, and early fibrosis were observed in WD fed mice, but not in chow diet control mice. When compared to the controls, the WD-fed mice had significantly decreased protein-normalized CYP probe activities of 7-ethoxyresorufinO-deethylation (52%), coumarin 7-hydroxylation (26%), 7-hydroxylation of 3-(3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methoxycoumarin (70%), 7-hydroxylation of 3-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)-6-methoxycoumarin (78%), 7-hydroxylation of 3-(3-methoxyphenyl)coumarin (81%), and pentoxyresorufin O-depentylation (66%). Increased activity was seen significantly in sulfonation of 3-(4-methylphenyl)-7-hydroxycoumarin (289%) and cytosol catechol O-methyltranferase (COMT, 148%) in the WD group when compared to the controls. In conclusion, the WD-induced steatosis in male LDLr^-/-ApoB^100/100 mice was associated with decreased CYP oxidation reactions but had no clear effects on conjugation reactions of glucuronidation, sulfonation, and cytosolic catechol O-methylation. Consequently, the WD may decrease the metabolic elimination of drugs compared to healthier low-fat diets.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2023 ","pages":"5599789"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10081903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9283659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Child Stunting, Wasting, and Underweight: Evidence from 2017 to 2018 Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey.","authors":"Maryam Siddiqa,&nbsp;Gulzar H Shah,&nbsp;Tilicia L Mayo-Gamble,&nbsp;Amber Zubair","doi":"10.1155/2023/2845133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2845133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Child malnutrition persists in low-resource countries such as Pakistan, indicating an urgent need for interventions and policies aimed to address this critical population health issue. The World Health Organization Global Target 2025 includes the reduction of malnourishment in the form of stunting, wasting, and low weight. This study aims to examine the prevalence of factors associated with three measures of child malnutrition, i.e., stunting, wasting, and low weight in Pakistan. This study uses a secondary data analysis design based on data from Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (2017-18) that used a two-stage cluster sampling approach. National level data covering urban and rural areas were used for this study consisting of 4,226 children less than 5 years of age. Univariate and multivariable analyses using logistic regression models were conducted. Over 23% of the children were underweight, 8.0% suffered wasting, and 37.7% were stunted. Children with small size at birth (<45.7 cm), those who were average in size (45.7 to 60 cm) at birth were less likely to be stunted (AOR, 0.4890) and underweight (AOR, 0.538). Children with large size at birth (>60 cm) were also less likely to be stunted (AOR, 0.288) and underweight (AOR, 0.538). Children who consumed fresh milk were less likely to be classified as wasted (AOR, 0.524) than those children who did not consume fresh milk. The children in high- and middle-economic status families were less likely to be stunted, underweight, or wasted. Children of mothers who had secondary and higher education were less likely to be stunted (AOR, 0.584) and were less likely to be underweight (AOR, 0.668) than illiterate mothers' children. Children of working mothers were less likely to be wasted compared to children of nonworking mothers (AOR, 0.287). Maternal BMI is also inversely associated with being underweight because overweight and obese mothers were less likely to have underweight children (AOR, 0.585). Our findings reflect a need to design targeted public health policies and community-based education that emphasize the mother's education on nutrition health and provide socioeconomic resources that enable mothers to provide dietary needs that prevent malnutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2023 ","pages":"2845133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10008110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9113804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micronutrients and Nutrition Status of School-Aged Children in Indonesia.","authors":"Fitrah Ernawati,&nbsp;Efriwati,&nbsp;Nunung Nurjanah,&nbsp;Galih Kusuma Aji,&nbsp;Dwi Hapsari Tjandrarini,&nbsp;Yekti Widodo,&nbsp;Fifi Retiaty,&nbsp;Mutiara Prihatini,&nbsp;Aya Yuriestia Arifin,&nbsp;Dian Sundari,&nbsp;Rika Rachmalina,&nbsp;Salimar,&nbsp;Elisa Diana Julianti,&nbsp;Muhammad Nur Aidi,&nbsp;Ahmad Syauqy","doi":"10.1155/2023/4610038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/4610038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs) in school-aged children are still a major health problem in Indonesia. This study was designed to examine the status of micronutrients and their relationship to the nutritional status of children aged 5-12 years since an up-to-date database on the micronutrient status of children aged 5-12 years is needed. Data from the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) were used in this study, with 2456 subjects for analysis. Micronutrient analysis was carried out, including iron status (ferritin, C reactive protein (CRP)), levels of zinc, vitamin D, calcium, and vitamin A (retinol) in school-aged children (5-12 years). The ELISA measurement was applied to measure CRP, ferritin, and vitamin D. Zinc levels were analysed with atomic absorbance spectroscopy (AAS). Moreover, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was applied to calculate vitamin A. In addition, stunting and thinness data were also obtained from the Riskesdas study. The results showed that the prevalence of stunting and thinness in school-aged children was 11.4% and 9.2%, respectively, showing that the stunting prevalence in the city was lower than in the village (4.5% vs. 6.9%, <i>P</i> = 0.000, respectively). In addition, the prevalence of MNDs in Indonesian children was 13.4%, 19.7%, 4.2%, 3%, and 12.7% for ferritin, zinc, calcium, vitamin A, and vitamin D, respectively. The mean serum level of vitamin A and zinc was significantly lower in stunted children compared to normal school children (<i>P</i> = 0.010 and <i>P</i> = 0.014). The serum concentration of vitamin D was significantly lower in overweight children compared to thin and normal children (<i>P</i> = 0.000). Serum values of ferritin, zinc, and vitamin A were significantly higher in overweight children compared to thin and normal children (<i>P</i> = 0.000). A poor correlation was observed between the z-score of height-for-age (HAZ) and the levels of zinc (<i>r</i> = 0.089, <i>P</i> = 0.000), vitamin A (<i>r</i> = 0.105, <i>P</i> = 0.000), and vitamin D (-0.073, <i>P</i> = 0.000). In addition, very weak correlations between z-scores of body mass index-for-age (BAZ) and the serum concentrations of ferritin (0.091, <i>P</i> = 0.000), zinc (<i>r</i> = 0.115, <i>P</i> = 0.000), vitamin A (<i>r</i> = 0.137, <i>P</i> = 0.000), and vitamin D (<i>r</i> = -0.112, <i>P</i> = 0.000) were also seen. In conclusion, school-aged children in Indonesia experienced stunting, thinness, and micronutrient deficiency. Furthermore, stunting and thinness were also related to micronutrient deficiencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"2023 ","pages":"4610038"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10497362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10626454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}