Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"The effect of probiotic-fortified kefir on depression, appetite, oxidative stress, and inflammatory parameters in Iranian overweight and obese elderly: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Mehran Noori, Zainab Shateri, Siavash Babajafari, Mohammad Hadi Eskandari, Karim Parastouei, Mohammad Ghasemi, Hoseein Afshari, Mohammad Samadi","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00773-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00773-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It has been shown that the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract undergoes changes in obese individuals. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of kefir fortified with two strains, Lactobacillus helveticus and Bifidobacterium longum, on depression, appetite, oxidative stress, and inflammatory parameters in overweight and obese elderly individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted on 67 elderly men aged over 65, who were randomly divided into two groups. One group (n = 35) received one bottle (240 cc) of regular kefir as a placebo, while the intervention group (n = 32) received one bottle of probiotic-fortified kefir for eight weeks. Depression and appetite were evaluated using the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15) and a validated Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), respectively. Oxidative stress parameters were assessed using the standard calorimetric method, and inflammatory parameters were measured via the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method (ELISA). The differences between the two groups were compared using the independent samples T-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of participant in both groups was 65 years. A significant difference in depression scores and the mean change between the two groups was observed after eight weeks (p = 0.001 and p = 0.042, respectively). Within-group comparison revealed a significant increase in appetite scores in both groups (p < 0.05 for both). Moreover, a significant difference in the changes in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was noted (p = 0.009). However, no significant differences were observed in other oxidative and inflammatory parameters between the two groups (p˃0.05 for all).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results demonstrated the positive impact of two specific strains of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus on improving depression in the elderly. However, when comparing the two groups, no significant effects were observed on appetite, inflammation, and oxidative stress parameters, except for TAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of food-based incentive behaviors on oral health among Saudi children: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yasir Dilshad Siddiqui, Saud Hamdan Almaeen, Ahmed Shawkat Hashem, Ahmed Ali Ahmed Almuntashiri, Mohammed Nadeem Baig, Abdullah Hammad Alshammari, Rital Jamal Alwaqid, Haifa Ali Almutairi, Raha Ahmed, Rakhi Issrani, Farooq Ahmad Chaudhary","doi":"10.1186/s41043-024-00734-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-024-00734-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood dental caries is a common and significant oral health issue globally, resulting in pain, infection, and difficulties in eating and speaking. This study aimed to investigate the impact of food-based reward behaviors on the oral health of Saudi children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational cross-sectional study was conducted at Jouf University Hospital, Saudi Arabia. The study included 316 medically healthy children aged 4 to 10 years and their Arabic or English-speaking guardians. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire based on the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ), gathering information on socio-demographic characteristics, dietary habits, oral hygiene practices, and the use of food as a reward. Clinical examinations by specialist pediatric dentists assessed the plaque index and decayed-missing-filled tooth (dmft/DMFT) scores. Statistical analyses included descriptive analysis, the Mann-Whitney test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman's correlation, and linear regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant correlations were found between food rewards and poor oral health outcomes. Food rewards were positively associated with higher dmft/DMFT scores (r = 0.43, P < 0.001) and plaque index scores (r = 0.17, P = 0.002). Socio-demographic factors, such as parental education level and the amount of time spent with the child, were significant predictors of both food reward behaviors and oral health outcomes. Female and younger parents reported higher food reward scores, which correlated with poorer oral health in their children.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study underscores the significant impact of food-based reward behaviors on the oral health of Saudi children. These findings highlight the need for targeted educational and intervention strategies that address cultural practices and promote healthier reward systems. By reducing sugary food rewards and encouraging non-food-based incentives, improvements in children's oral health can be achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections in the Badi indigenous communities of Western Nepal.","authors":"Jitendra Gautam, Rajendra Prasad Parajuli, Kishor Pandey","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00769-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00769-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143365076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with caffeine intake among undergraduates: a cross-sectional study from Palestine.","authors":"May Hamdan, Souzan Zidan, Fatima Al-Amouri, Hiba Niroukh, Manar Abu Dawod, Sajeda Ashour, Shahd Sameer Dweik, Manal Badrasawi","doi":"10.1186/s41043-024-00723-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-024-00723-z","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Caffeine is one of the world's most frequently consumed central nervous system stimulants. Moderate caffeine intake has beneficial health effects, while increased caffeine intake may have harmful effects in the human body. Existing literature indicated that undergraduates consume caffeine excessively. Till this date, little is known about the consumption pattern of caffeine among Palestinian undergraduates. Therefore, the current study aimed to estimate the percentage of caffeine consumption among Palestinian undergraduates, to assess their caffeine daily intake, and to identify factors associated with unsafe caffeine consumption.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A cross-sectional study was conducted in Palestine between March and May 2022. Undergraduates were recruited by random sampling after a personal invitation. Undergraduates aged between 18 and 25 were included in the study, while those who were taking medications, had medical conditions affecting the data collection process, and had incomplete responses were excluded from the study. Caffeine consumption was assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) developed by the research team. The content validity of the FFQ was done by three reviewers. Also, a questionnaire was used to collect data related to sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, lifestyle habits, sleeping quality, physical activity, and psychological status. Data were analyzed through the descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test, and Kruskal-Wallis H test).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The final analysis included 486 undergraduates with a mean age of 20.1 ± 1.48 years. The majority of the undergraduates were female (65.0%) and single (89.5%). The sample was distributed almost equally between the first (26.3%), second (23.0%), third (22.8%), and fourth (18.7%) academic years, and only 44 undergraduates (9.1%) were in their fifth year. The vast majority of university students (96.5%) consumed caffeinated products, with coffee ranking first place. Nearly half of the participants (32.7%) exceeded the safe levels of caffeine consumption. Males, smokers, poor physical activity, higher Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI) scores, and greater anxiety, stress, and depression scores had significantly higher rates of unsafe caffeine intake than their peers (p &lt; 0.05). The total caffeine consumption was significantly associated with gender, low household income, smoking status, physical activity level, SHI score, as well as anxiety (p &lt; 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Caffeine consumption in the studied sample was significantly high and exceeded the safe levels. The current study revealed that unsafe caffeine consumption was more common among males, smokers, and physically active individuals. Caffeine intake was also linked to poor-quality sleep and higher psychological concerns. Therefore, educational programs are recommended t","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11803939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143365086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body image and sexual life satisfaction in women considering female genital cosmetic surgery in Iran.","authors":"Setareh Derakhshanpour, Fatemeh Bagheri, Fatemeh Rahmanian, Seyede Zahra Jafari, Zahra YazdanPanahi","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00757-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00757-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Further attention to genital organs has become a concern for women in line with changes in society's culture. In recent years, the number of surgeries has grown increasingly. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between body image and satisfaction with sexual life of female genital cosmetic surgery volunteers in reproductive age women in Shiraz.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was performed on 160 women referring to Shiraz Health and Medical Centers willing to undergo female genital cosmetic surgery. Data collection was performed using Demographic Information Questionnaire, SWBI and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire. The data were analyzed through Spss24 software using Pearson statistical methods of correlation coefficient and one-sample t-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted on 160 women (average age of 30.83 ± 5.48) willing to undergo genital cosmetic surgery at Shiraz health and medical centers. The results of this study showed that women willing to undergo female genital cosmetic surgery are satisfied with their physical appearance. Correlation coefficient test between body image and satisfaction with marital life also showed that there is a significant relationship between these two variables (p < 0.001). This means that with the satisfaction of body image, the level of satisfaction with marital life also increases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The most important findings of this study included no correlation between women's negative perceptions of their bodies and dissatisfaction with sexual life with a tendency to cosmetic surgery on the genital area. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the factors influencing this decision.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food taboo practices and associated factors among pregnant women in Sub-Sahara Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Aysheshim Kassahun Belew, Berhanu Mengistu, Ayenew Molla Lakew, Esmeal Ali Muhammad","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00770-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00770-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Even though maternal nutrition has improved, food taboos and poor dietary practices during pregnancy can still lead to nutrient deficiencies, increasing the risk of complications for both mothers and children. Therefore, this study aimed to generate pooled evidence from across different countries in Sub-Saharan Africa to inform effective prevention actions. This meta-analysis aims to determine the pooled prevalence of food taboo practices and identify associated factors among pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study systematically reviewed relevant articles and reports from databases including Embase, MEDLINE, Science Direct, PubMed, Google, and Google Scholar. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale assessed article quality. Data extraction and analysis were done using Excel and STATA 17, respectively. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test and the I² statistic, with a random effects model employed for meta-analysis. Publication bias was evaluated and addressed using Duval and Tweedie's Trim and Fill analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of fifty-eight studies with 20,262 pregnant women were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled proportion of food taboo practices reported by the 58 studies was 41% (95% CI: 34, 48%). In the subgroup analysis, the pooled proportion of food taboo practices for studies conducted in urban areas was 40% (95% CI: 32, 48%), while it was 43% (95% CI: 32, 56%) among rural residents. Factors associated with food taboo practices among pregnant women included being unable to read and write (AOR = 2.64%; 95% CI: 1.79-3.90; I² = 56.9%), not receiving antenatal care follow-up (AOR = 3.73%; 95% CI: 2.83-3.90; I² = 55.1%), and poor maternal nutrition knowledge (AOR = 3.33%; 95% CI: 1.56-7.09; I² = 84.3%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to this review, over two out of every five pregnant mothers practiced food taboos in the region. The educational status of the mother, antenatal care follow-up, and maternal nutrition knowledge were factors affecting food taboo practices among pregnant women. Therefore, emphasis should be given to the uptake of antenatal care follow-up to improve maternal nutrition knowledge and nutritional status.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The behaviour of TB patients in East Lombok through a health belief model approach.","authors":"Suprijandani Suprijandani, Setiawan Setiawan, Pathurrahman Pathurrahman, Slamet Wardoyo, Annisa Maulidia Rahayyu","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00746-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00746-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem, including in Indonesia, with East Lombok as a high prevalence region. Although control programmes have been implemented, TB cases remain high. Patient behaviours that are less supportive of treatment, such as non-compliance and social stigma, pose a challenge to TB control efforts in this area. This study aims to explore the behaviour of people with tuberculosis (TB) in East Lombok using the Health Belief Model (HBM) approach.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>The method applied was a cross-sectional design, involving 112 respondents with TB who were registered at the Puskesmas. Data were collected through interviews using a questionnaire measuring components of HBM, including perceived vulnerability, severity, benefits, barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis showed that perceived vulnerability (p = 0.022), perceived benefits (p = 0.006), perceived barriers (p = 0.045), cues to action (p = 0.004), and self-efficacy (p = 0.009) had a significant influence on the health behaviour of TB patients. Patients with high perceived vulnerability were 1.617 times more likely to adhere to treatment, while those with high perceived barriers were 31.6% less likely to adhere. Social support from family and health professionals also played an important role in improving adherence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>From this study emphasise the need for interventions designed to increase positive perceptions and reduce perceived barriers, as well as consider the local social and cultural context to improve TB treatment adherence in East Lombok.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of flavor capsule cigarettes and their preliminary impact on smoking cessation in Mexico: an exploratory study.","authors":"Rosibel Rodríguez-Bolaños, Paula Ramírez-Palacios, Katia Gallegos-Carrillo, Arlette Chávez-Iñiguez, Daimarelys Lara, Deborah J Ossip, Ana Paula Cupertino, Francisco Cartujano-Barrera","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00752-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00752-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>No study has assessed the impact of flavor capsule cigarettes (FCCs) on smoking cessation. Thus, the purpose of this exploratory study was to assess (1) the sociodemographic and smoking-related characteristics associated with using FCCs, and (2) the preliminary impact of FCCs on smoking cessation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is a secondary data analysis of a single-arm study with 100 individuals living in Mexico who smoked and received a smoking cessation mHealth intervention and pharmacotherapy support. The primary outcomes were self-reported and biochemically verified 7-day smoking abstinence at Month 3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Just over one-third of participants (36%) used FCCs, with a preference for one capsule and menthol/mint flavor. Compared to participants who smoked non-FCCs, participants who smoked FCCs were (1) younger, (2) more likely to be women, and (3) more likely to smoke less than 10 cigarettes per day (CPD; all p's < 0.05). After controlling for all significant associations, age younger than 50 years old (AOR = 3.26, 95% CI 1.25-8.51) and being a woman (AOR = 3.62, 95% CI 1.41-9.35) were positively and independently associated with smoking FCCs. Treating those lost to follow-up as participants who continued smoking, 41.7% (15/36) of participants who smoked FCCs self-reported smoking abstinence at month 3 compared to 42.2% (27/64) of participants who smoked non-FCCs (p = 0.96). Furthermore, 33.3% (12/36) of participants who smoked FCCs were biochemically verified abstinent at Month 3 compared to 18.8% (12/64) of participants who smoked non-FCCs (p = 0.10).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Younger age and being a woman were associated with using FCCs. Self-reported smoking abstinence at Month 3 was comparable between participants who smoke FCCs and non-FCCs. However, biochemically verified abstinent at Month 3 was higher among participants who smoke FCCs compared to participants who smoke non-FCCs, although the difference was not statistically significant. Prospective and adequately powered comparisons must be made between individuals who smoke FCCs and non-FCCs to effectively assess differences in smoking abstinence, and the reasons for these differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11781009/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Major heavy metals and human gut microbiota composition: a systematic review with nutritional approach.","authors":"Mahsa Rezazadegan, Bita Forootani, Yeganeh Hoveyda, Niloufar Rezazadegan, Reza Amani","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00750-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00750-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The human gut microbiota has a critical role in several aspects of host homeostasis, such as immune development, metabolism, nutrition, and defense against pathogens during life. It can be sensitive to xenobiotics including drugs, diet, or even environmental pollutants, especially heavy metals (HMs). The findings of some previous studies are heterogeneous due to the inclusion of various types of study (human, and animal studies) and wide exposures (phthalate, bisphenol A, HMS, etc.), and no comprehensive systematic review has investigated the association between HMs exposure and human gut microbiota composition. Therefore, we carried out a systematic review of human observational studies to examine this association. PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and non-MeSH terms. Eventually, 12 studies for arsenic (As), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd) were included in this study. No eligible study was found for Aluminium.</p><p><strong>Short conclusion: </strong>The findings showed exposure to HMs disturbs the composition of gut microbiota and can lead to dysbiosis. Exposure to high levels of As, Pb, and Hg increased the abundance of Collinsella as pathobionts. Evidently, it is related to leaky gut, oxidative stress, and several diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and cancers. Probiotic treatment and nutritional strategies such as high fiber intake and following antioxidant-rich diets should be considered in terms of HMs exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of healthy eating index-2015 in the associations of biological aging and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an interaction and mediation analysis.","authors":"Xiang Zhang, Zhijie Ding, Yong Yan, Weiming Yang, Xiaoming Ai, Yongping Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00755-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00755-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The present study explored the association between biological aging (BA), healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the general population of the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the NHANES database between 2017-2018 years to conduct the study. Weighted multivariable logistic regression analysis, restricted cubic spline (RCS), and subgroup analysis were performed to analyze the association of BA and HEI-2015 with prevalence of NAFLD and the mediation effect of HEI-2015 was also discussed. Additionally, generalized additive model was conducted to investigate the association of BA and HEI-2015 with ZJU index, BARD score, and NAFLD fibrosis score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a total of 2,421 individuals. RCS shown that BA was positively correlated with prevalence of NAFLD, while HEI-2015 was negative correlated with NAFLD risk. After adjusting for interfering factors, compared with the lowest quartiles of BA and HEI-2015, the odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for NAFLD across the quartiles were (1.24 (0.84, 1.84), 2.07 (1.15, 3.73) and 2.49 (1.16, 5.38)) and (0.89 (0.66, 1.18), 0.87 (0.65, 1.16) and 0.64 (0.46, 0.87)), respectively. The BA was linear positive with ZJU index, BARD score and NAFLD fibrosis score. However, the linear negative correlation existed between HEI-2015 and ZJU index, BARD score and NAFLD fibrosis score. Mediation analysis showed that the positive correlation between BA and NAFLD could be mediated and weakened by HEI-2015.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of NAFLD gradually increases with BA, but this positive association can be weakened by the healthy diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11761225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143039110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}