Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"A scoping review of the barriers and facilitators in the use of traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine: insights for health policy development.","authors":"Seyede Maryam Najibi, Yaser Sarikhani, Mahdie Hajimonfarednejad, Majid Nimrouzi, Mohammad Hashem Hashempur","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00934-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00934-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The historical and cultural importance of traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine (TCIM) is observable in diverse contexts and among different populations. As the use of TCIM continues to grow globally, policymakers need to acknowledge its importance in healthcare services.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We conducted a scoping review of quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method research to identify the factors that promote and hinder the adoption of TCIM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This scoping review involved a comprehensive search of online databases from 2000 to February 2024. The review utilized the methodology suggested by Arksey and O'Malley. Qualitative content analysis was employed to synthesize the data.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>From a total of 1403 articles retrieved, 61 full-text articles were chosen for the final analysis. Among these, 47 examined facilitators, 4 addressed barriers, and 10 investigated both barriers and facilitators of using TCIM. Three key themes were recognized concerning barriers to using TCIM services, including \"service delivery problems\", \"governance challenges\", and \"personal barriers\". Six key themes associated with the factors facilitating the use of TCIM services were recognized, which include \"financial facilitators\", \"health conditions\", \"personal determinants\", \"perceived benefits\", \"social impact\", and \"appropriate service delivery\".</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exploring the barriers and facilitators of using TCIM services can provide valuable insights to policymakers, enabling them to develop strategies to overcome existing challenges and enhance the support for the growth of these services. This knowledge is essential for making sure that TCIM services are available to people in a safe, prompt, and high-quality way.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12139373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Night eating syndrome, ultra processed food consumption and digital addiction: a cross-sectional study among university students in Turkey.","authors":"Fatma Elif Eroğlu, Emine Merve Ekici, Büşra Açıkalın Göktürk","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00849-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00849-8","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The university period is an important period in which eating habits and lifestyles are shaped, digital addiction due to digital media use increases, and psychosocial changes are observed. During this period, in addition to changes university students eating behavior, unhealthy eating behavior trends such as increased night time eating behavior and increased consumption of ultra-processed foods can be observed. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between night eating syndrome, ultra-processed food consumption and digital addiction in university students.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 2512 university students with a mean age of 21.36 ± 2.04. The research data were collected by the researchers via a web-based survey form (Google form) created using the snowball sampling method, email and whatsapp. Demographic characteristics of the participants (gender, age, living space), eating behaviors (number of main and snacks), frequency of eating using visual mediaregular physical activity, daytime and nighttime sleep durations, digital media usage time, and anthropometric measurements (body weight and height) were examined. Ultra-processed food consumption was assessed with the screening questionnaire of highly processed food consumption. The Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) was used to measure the severity of Night Eating Syndrome and the digital addiction scale was used to measure digital addiction. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (version 27.0) software was used for all analyses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In this study, correlations were found between the total score of the night eating scale and the total score of the Digital Addiction Scale, the total score of ultra-processed food consumption, BMI, daytime sleep duration, nighttime sleep duration and time spent on digital media (r = 0.202, r = 0.177, r = 0.101, r = 0.100, r=-0.080, r = 0.094 respectively). Digital Addiction Scale total score It was determined that it was significantly affected by possible variables such as gender, night sleep duration, Night Eating Syndrome Scale total score, digital media use and ultra processed food consumption (p &lt; 0.001). Similarly, the total score of the Night Eating Syndrome Scale, It was found that it was significantly affected by possible variables such as gender, body mass index (BMI), night sleep time, daytime sleep time and Digital Addiction Scale total score (p &lt; 0.001).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This study highlights a relationship between digital addiction, night eating syndrome and ultra-processed food consumption. Our study suggests that this eating disorder, Night Eating Syndrome, may be affected by possible variables such as gender, body mass index (BMI), night sleep duration, daytime sleep duration, and digital addiction. These findings offer a different perspective in developing strategies for the p","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"185"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12139320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregiver burden in family caregivers of individuals with cancer in Iran: an analytical cross-sectional study.","authors":"Arvin Mirshahi, Zahra Farsi, Seyedeh Azam Sajadi, Fatemeh Pakdin, Ali Faridfar, Arsia Taghva","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00929-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00929-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with an increasing burden. Family caregivers, primarily family members, play a vital role in supporting individuals with cancer but frequently experience significant caregiver burden. This study aimed to identify and analyze the key predictors of caregiver burden among Iranian family caregivers of individuals with cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Imam Reza Hospital in Tehran, Iran, in 2024. We recruited a convenience sample of 307 family caregivers of individuals with cancer. Eligibility criteria included being aged 18 years or older, providing unpaid care, and willingness to participate. In addition to caregiver-related data, patient-related data were also collected to provide a comprehensive understanding of the caregiving context. Data collection tools included an individual characteristics questionnaire, the Barthel Index to assess patient dependency, and the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) to measure caregiver burden. Barthel Index and CBI questionnaire was completed by caregivers based on their observations of the patient. Descriptive statistics, Independent t-tests, One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multivariate regression analysis were used to analyze the data using SPSS version 22.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most caregivers were female (74.3%) with a mean age of 43.19 ± 11.60 years, and 50.5% were unemployed. Among patients, 62.2% were female with a mean age of 56.49 ± 14.27 years. Gynecological (36.8%) and gastrointestinal (32.2%) cancers were most common. Caregivers providing over 12 h of care daily reported significantly higher burden scores compared to those who provided less than 12 h of care (P < 0.001). Caregivers with poor health or insufficient income also had higher burden scores (P = 0.016 and P = 0.011, respectively). Child/parent caregivers had higher burden scores than spouses (P = 0.023). Multivariate regression identified caregiving hours (β = - 5.553, SE = 2.231, P = 0.010 for < 6 h; β = - 5.571, SE = 1.946, P = 0.004 for 6-12 h vs. > 12 h), increased patient dependency (β = - 0.353, SE = 0.035, P < 0.001), and the absence of metastasis (β = - 4.680, SE = 1.946, P = 0.017) as key predictors of burden. Together, these variables explained 35.2% of the variance in caregiver burden (Adjusted R² = 0.352).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Caregiving hours, patient dependency, health, and financial strain are significant predictors of caregiver burden. Respite care services and financial support are critical to alleviate this burden. Future research should focus on longitudinal impacts and culturally tailored interventions to better support caregivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12139334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of serum levels and intakes of sodium and potassium with hypertension in the MASHAD cohort study population: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Alireza Sherkati, Sara Saffar Soflaei, Susan Darroudi, AmirAli Moodi Ghalibaf, Sina Esmaeili, Niloufar Abdollahian, Sahar Arabpour, Mahyaar Omouri-Kharashtomi, Mohammad Mirzaei, Behzad Ensan, Maryam Allahyari, MohammadReza Latifi, Habibollah Esmaily, Gordon A Ferns, Mahmoud Ebrahimi, Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00919-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00919-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Hypertension is a major health problem and a risk factor for multiple diseases. In this study, we aimed to compare serum levels and the dietary intake of sodium and potassium in patients with hypertension and healthy participants of the MASHAD cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods and design: </strong>All participants of the MASHAD cohort study entered the study. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg or a history of hypertension were defined as hypertension. Demographic variables were collected by health care professionals. Sodium and potassium dietary intake were measured using a food frequency questionnaire. Serum levels of sodium and potassium were measured using routine methods by electrolyte analyzer. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18. Binary logistic regression model was used control for confounding factors. The significance level was set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the total 9,704 participants of the Mashhad study, 6,641 participants had normal blood pressure and 3063 were hypertensive individuals. No significant difference in serum levels of sodium and potassium was observed between the two groups (p = 0.700, p = 0.360 respectively). After adjusting for confounding factors, the association remained the same. Sodium and potassium dietary intake was significantly higher in the hypertensive group and after adjusting for baseline characteristics, an increase in dietary sodium intake is associated with a higher likelihood of hypertension by 0.8% (CI, 1.000-1.015).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum sodium and potassium levels were not associated with hypertension among MASHAD participants. Increased dietary intake of sodium was associated with hypertension even after adjusting for confounding factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12139343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of depression risk in middle-aged and elderly Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic syndrome patients by social and environmental determinants of health: an interpretable machine learning approach using longitudinal data from China.","authors":"Xinyi Xu, Xinru Li, Xiyan Li, Benli Xue, Xiao Zheng, Shujuan Xiao, Lingli Yang, Xinyi Zhang, Chengyu Chen, Ting Zheng, Yuyang Li, Yanan Wang, Jianan Han, Haoran Wu, Mengjie Zhang, Yanming Liao, Siyi Bai, Nan Zeng, Chichen Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00897-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00897-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) syndrome is a systemic disease characterized by pathophysiological interactions between the cardiovascular system, chronic kidney disease, and metabolic risk factors. In China, the prevalence of CKM in middle-aged and elderly patients is relatively high. The current research lacks an exploration into the impact of social and environmental determinants of health on depression in CKM patients.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to construct a depression risk prediction model for middle-aged and elderly CKM patients by social and environmental determinants of health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 3220 participants were included and collected from three waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). A depression risk prediction model for middle-aged and elderly CKM patients was constructed by using 10 machine learning models. Additionally, the mediating effect of NO₂ between arthritis and depression outcomes was analyzed in this population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An interpretable machine learning model framework was constructed to predict depression risk in middle-aged and elderly CKM patients using the longitudinal cohort data from CHARLS. The RF model demonstrated strong performance in predicting the training set, and the Xgboost model exhibited excellent generalization ability. The presence of arthritis showed a significant independent effect on depression outcomes, with an average direct effect of - 8.5559. The total effect of arthritis on depression outcomes was - 9.5162. The mediating effect of NO₂ represented 10.09% of the total effect (average), indicating that NO₂ serves as a mediator between arthritis and depression outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A depression risk prediction model for middle-aged and elderly CKM patients was developed based on the CHARLS longitudinal data from 2011 to 2015. The SHAP framework was used to provide machine learning model explanations. Intervention strategies that address social and environmental determinants of health are needed. Potential strategies include enhancing urban greening to reduce NO₂ levels, integrating CKM as a special outpatient chronic disease to alleviate the financial burdens of patients, and focusing on the treatment of arthritis and digestive diseases in CKM patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12139367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of quality of life in visceral leishmaniasis patients coinfected with HIV: a comparative study in Bihar, India.","authors":"Ram Pund, Gopal Vishwas, Major Madhukar, Krishna Pandey, Sameer Dhingra","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00821-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00821-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study was aimed to evaluates the quality of life using WHOQOL-BREF in VL patients co-infected with HIV in Bihar, India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study enrolled 240 participants: 60 HIV-VL co-infected, 60 HIV, 60 VL and 60 healthy individuals. Socio-demographic data and QOL assessments used the Hindi WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. The data were compared using the chi-square test, One-Way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc Test. Generalised linear regression was performed for analyses of predictors of QOL, as well as the socio-economic status was determined by using the Modified Kuppuswamy socio-economic Scale 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HIV-VL co-infected patients reported significantly lower QOL scores across all domains (physical, psychological, social relationships, and environmental) compared to healthy individuals (p < 0.05). Notably, psychological (12.17 ± 1.17), social relationship (5.90 ± 1.16), and environmental (14.10 ± 1.68) domains were severely impacted in HIV-VL coinfection in contrast to HIV (p < 0.05) and VL (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HIV-VL co-infection profoundly affects quality of life, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions addressing psychological, social and environmental well-being. Future research should prioritize strategies improving QOL and assessing long-term treatment effects in HIV-VL co-infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12131621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144216046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet-induced inflammation and its association with sarcopenia in an Iranian population: a case-control study.","authors":"Neda Heidarzadeh-Esfahani, Sevda Eskandarzadeh, Marzieh Mahmoodi, Maede Makhtoomi, Seyyed Mohammad Alavi, Zainab Shateri, Nasrin Nasimi, Mehran Nouri, Mohammad Hossein Dabbaghmanesh","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00942-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00942-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary intake, as one of the critical lifestyle risk factors, plays a crucial role in the risk of sarcopenia, potentially due to its anti-inflammatory properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and the Dietary Inflammatory Score (DIS) with sarcopenia in an Iranian population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the present study, 80 participants with sarcopenia were included in the case group, and 80 non-sarcopenia participants were included in the control group, matched by gender. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS) guidelines. Additionally, dietary data obtained from a food frequency questionnaire were used to calculate participants' DIS and DII scores. The association between the DII and DIS and the odds ratio of sarcopenia was assessed by logistic regression in both crude and adjusted models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the crude model, the odds of sarcopenia were significantly higher for each unit increase in DIS and DII scores (DIS: odds ratio (OR) = 1.221, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.128-1.322; DII: OR = 1.271, 95% CI: 1.041-1.553). After adjusting for age, energy, and protein intake, higher odds of sarcopenia were observed for each unit increase in DIS score (OR = 1.129, 95% CI: 1.004-1.268). Similarly, higher odds of sarcopenia were seen for each unit increase in DII score after adjusting for potential confounders (OR = 1.269, 95% CI: 1.032-1.561).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, this study found that greater adherence to the DII and DIS was associated with higher odds of sarcopenia in older adults.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12125811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the DASH dietary pattern with sleep duration and sleep quality in Iranian employees.","authors":"Amirabbas Moarefian, Shervin Kazeminejad, Sara Khajehzadeh, Marzie Zilaee","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00863-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00863-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between the dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH) and sleep status is well-documented. Nevertheless, a consistent relationship with employees population has yet to be known. Thus, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the DASH diet and sleep quantity/quality among Iranian employees of both genders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 337 persons whose Sleep status was assessed through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. A validated Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to measure the DASH diet score. Analysis of variance and covariance, chi-square, and multinomial logistic regression tests were used as appropriate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings demonstrated that, even after adjusting for multiple potential confounders the odds of poor sleep quality were not significantly related to the higher DASH diet adherence (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.38-1.27). However, participants in the highest tertiles of DASH had lower chances of experiencing short sleep duration compared to those in the lowest one (OR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.30-0.96).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study indicated that Iranian employees with a higher adherence to the DASH diet had considerably lower odds of having short sleep; however DASH adherence has no significant effect on sleep quality. More prospective and controlled investigations are required to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"181"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12124083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mobin Marzban Abbas Abadi, Seyedeh Tahereh Emadian, Mohammad Zamani, Majid Khalilizad","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00946-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00946-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although prior studies alluded to the association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and osteoporosis, the exact prevalence of osteoporosis in this patient population remains variably reported. Therefore, we aimed to systematically explore the overall prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with IBD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched in Embase, PubMed, and Scopus, from the inception until 31 May 2024. We included studies that reported cross-sectional data on the prevalence of osteoporosis in at least 100 adult (≥ 18 years) patients with IBD. We combined the data extracted from the eligible studies to obtain pooled estimates using a random-effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 24 articles were included, comprising 417,298 patients with IBD. Our analysis showed that the overall pooled prevalence of osteoporosis in IBD patients was 12.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.1-15.3; I² = 99.7%), with varying rates by country. We also found that the osteoporosis risk in patients with IBD increased versus controls (pooled odds ratio = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.24-2.16). There were no significant differences in the prevalence of osteoporosis by disease type (Crohn's disease, 14.9% [95% CI: 8.8-20.9]; ulcerative colitis, 11.4% [95% CI: 5.8-17.0]; p for interaction = 0.408) and sex (men, 9.6% [95% CI: 3.0-16.3]; women, 10.5% [95% CI: 6.8-14.1]; p for interaction = 0.832).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a significant prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with IBD, though variations by disease type and sex are not probably observed. We witnessed high heterogeneity among the studies. Tailored approaches are warranted for osteoporosis screening and management in this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12123853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of machine learning algorithms in osteoporosis analysis based on cardiovascular health assessed by life's essential 8: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Haolin Shi, Yangyi Fang, Xiuhua Ma","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00941-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00941-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Life's Essential 8 (LE8) for assessing cardiovascular health (CVH) has been demonstrated to be inversely associated with osteoporosis (OP). This study aims to create a machine learning (ML) model to assess the clinical association value of lifestyle and behavioral factors, assessed by LE8, on OP risk in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional analysis utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), encompassing participants aged ≧ 50 with comprehensive LE8 and OP information. Initially, the study compared the characteristics of participants with OP against those with normal bone health. Linear and nonlinear associations of LE8 and OP were analyzed by multifactor logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS). Subsequently, LE8 features were integrated into six distinct ML models for OP analysis. Evaluate model performance using relevant metrics and curves. The best-performing model was further analyzed using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) to rank and clarify the positives and negatives of the contribution of individual LE8 components.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 3,902 participants, 364 (9.33%) were identified as having OP. Conventional regression showed that health behaviors (HB) and health factors (HF) in LE8 were negatively and positively correlated with OP, respectively, and that total LE8 was nonlinearly associated with OP. Through comparison of the Area Under the Curve (AUC), Accuracy, F1-Score, Precision, Recall, Specificity, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC), Decision Curve Analysis (DCA), and Calibration Curve Analysis (CCA), the optimal performance achieved by the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) model incorporating the 20 features. SHAP analysis revealed that the contributions of LE8 components were ranked as follows: Body Mass Index (BMI) > sleep health > blood glucose > nicotine exposure > blood lipids > blood pressure > Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) > physical activity. Where sleep health, blood lipids, and HEI-2015 were the main negative contributors to OP, BMI was the main positive contributor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The integration of LE8 with a LightGBM model offers a promising strategy for analysing OP in the American population, underscoring the potential of ML approaches in enhancing clinical assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12123827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}