Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Association of magnesium depletion score with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hyperlipidemia adults: a large nationwide population-based study.","authors":"Chengxing Liu, Yuntao Feng, Fan Ping, Litang Huang, Jun Qian, Li Zhou, Fei Chen, Xuebo Liu","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-01032-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-01032-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Magnesium, an essential dietary trace element, plays a crucial role in numerous physiological processes, and its deficiency has been associated with the development of hyperlipidemia. However, its potential to predict long-term outcomes and inform risk stratification in hyperlipidemic patients remains underexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study introduces the magnesium depletion score (MgDS), a novel index for quantifying magnesium deficiency, and investigates its association with mortality outcomes in individuals with hyperlipidemia. Data from 12,592 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018 were analyzed. Advanced statistical methods, including weighted Cox proportional hazards models, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival curves, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, were employed to assess the association between MgDS and mortality risks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicate that higher MgDS is significantly associated with increased risks of both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in individuals with hyperlipidemia, even after adjusting for confounders. Subgroup analyses identified prediabetes, smoking, and alcohol consumption as significant modifiers of this association. RCS analysis confirmed a linear relationship between MgDS and mortality, further supporting its value as a reliable predictor of long-term outcomes. ROC analysis demonstrated the potential of MgDS as an independent tool for predicting mortality at 1, 3, and 5 years. Notably, high MgDS levels in hyperlipidemic individuals with binge drinking habits were associated with significantly higher mortality risks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results establish MgDS as a promising biomarker for mortality risk stratification in patients with hyperlipidemia. This novel index offers important insights for clinical practice and could facilitate the development of tailored management strategies, particularly for high-risk hyperlipidemia populations, to mitigate long-term health risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12318386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144775573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic health and cardiovascular disease across BMI categories: NHANES findings.","authors":"Dingyuan Tu, Ping Li, Kaiyuan Li","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-01003-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-01003-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12317518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of dietary patterns in southern China: application-based comparison of factor analysis and latent class analysis.","authors":"Kai Tan, Yaqing Xue, Huiwen Chen, YuTing Zheng, Zuguo Qin, Zhiqiang Tian, Chichen Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-01000-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-01000-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12317618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional interventions in muscle hypertrophy research: a scientometric analysis within the context of resistance training (1992-2025).","authors":"Wei Chen","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-01031-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-01031-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Muscle hypertrophy, as a central goal in sports training, rehabilitation interventions, and health promotion, relies on scientifically designed resistance training and appropriate nutritional strategies. However, research on the synergistic effects of nutritional interventions and resistance training in promoting muscle hypertrophy is characterized by thematic fragmentation, insufficient integration between mechanistic and applied research, and imbalances across different regions and population groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To systematically delineate the developmental trajectory and emerging trends in this field, a comprehensive search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection, initially retrieving 456 publications. After rigorous screening and data cleaning, 411 English-language articles published between 1992 and 2025 were retained for analysis. Scientometric techniques were applied to construct knowledge maps using three major tools: Bibliometrix (R 4.4.3), VOSviewer (1.6.20), and CiteSpace (6.2.6). Bibliometrix was used to analyze publication trends and thematic evolution; VOSviewer to map keyword co-occurrence and collaboration networks; and CiteSpace to detect citation bursts and visualize knowledge structures. Collectively, these methods facilitated the identification of high-frequency keywords, hotspot transitions, collaborative patterns, and underexplored thematic gaps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicate that: (1) the combination of protein supplementation and resistance training represents the most prominent intervention strategy; (2) a stable tripartite research model has emerged, centering on the interaction among training, nutrition, and structural adaptation; (3) the thematic focus has gradually shifted from molecular mechanisms toward practical applications, emphasizing issues such as aging and functional improvement; and (4) notable research gaps remain, particularly the underrepresentation of women and Asian populations, insufficient attention to recovery, metabolism, and periodized nutrition, and the lack of a systematic framework for individualized interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study delineates the developmental trajectory, structural characteristics, and future directions of research in this field over the past three decades, providing empirical evidence and a theoretical foundation for the scientific formulation of muscle health enhancement strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12317481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of ultra-processed food intake on age-related muscle conditions: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis with meta-regression.","authors":"Mohammad Ali Hojjati Kermani, Farhang Hameed Awlqadr, Sepide Talebi, Sanaz Mehrabani, Donny M Camera, Reza Bagheri, Fariborz Poorbaferani, Seyed Mojtaba Ghoreishy, Parsa Amirian, Mahsa Zarpoosh, Sajjad Moradi","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00986-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00986-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Chronic excessive intake of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) has been linked to various metabolic conditions; however, its impact on skeletal muscle mass and function in older adults remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted this study to examine the association between UPF intake and age-related muscle outcomes, including frailty, sarcopenia, low muscle mass (LMM), and/or low muscle strength (LMS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in ISI Web of Science, LILACS, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Scopus without restrictions up to November 1, 2024. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using a random-effects model. Study quality and the presence of publication bias were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, Egger's regression asymmetry test, and Begg's rank correlation test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 29 studies were included. Cohort studies showed that higher UPF intake was significantly associated with an increased risk of frailty (RR = 1.40; 95% CI 1.25-1.58; I² = 83.0%; p < 0.001; n = 11), but not with LMS. In contrast, cross-sectional studies indicated that higher UPF intake was significantly associated with an increased risk of LMS (RR = 1.13; 95% CI 1.06-1.20; I² = 0.0%; p < 0.001; n = 5), but not with frailty, sarcopenia, or LMM. Furthermore, a 100 g increase in UPF intake was associated with a 3% higher risk of frailty (RR = 1.03; 95% CI 1.01-1.06; I² = 85.1%; p = 0.016; n = 5). Non-linear dose-response analysis showed a positive linear association between UPF intake and frailty risk (P_non-linearity = 0.807; P_dose-response < 0.001; n = 5).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher UPF intake was associated with an increased risk of frailty in cohort studies and with low muscle strength in cross-sectional studies. These findings suggest that regular consumption of UPFs may negatively affect muscle health, potentially impairing quality of life and independence in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"271"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12312346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary patterns identified by latent class analysis in relation to the risk of cardiovascular disease: Tehran lipid and glucose study.","authors":"Zahra Gaeini, Sahar Mirzaee, Parvin Mirmiran, Fereidoun Azizi","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-01023-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-01023-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several data-driven reduction techniques have been developed to derive dietary patterns, each with different underlying assumptions and approaches to data handling. Here we aimed to determine the major dietary patterns of Tehranian adults using Latent Class Analysis (LCA) method, and assess the association between extracted patterns and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>1849 adult men and women, aged ≥ 30 years, from the participants of the third phase (2006-2008) of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS), without a CVD history were included. Baseline dietary intakes were estimated using a validated 168-items semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were obtained by LCA method. Adjusted Hazard Ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of CVD were calculated for the association of incident CVD and extracted dietary patterns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LCA classified the participants into four exclusive classes; named as \"mixed pattern\", \"healthy pattern\", \"processed foods pattern\", \"alternative class\". After adjustment for confounding variables, there was no significant association between LCA-derived classes and CVD incidence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this cohort of Tehranian adults, dietary patterns identified using the LCA method were not significantly associated with CVD risk over 10 years of follow-up. These findings suggest that LCA-derived dietary classifications may have limited predictive utility for CVD in this context. Future studies should consider combining LCA with other dietary assessment methods, incorporating repeated dietary measurements, and evaluating population-specific dietary behaviors to better understand diet-disease relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12312425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between atherogenic index of plasma and hypertension combined with diabetes mellitus in United States adults: an analysis of the NHANES surveys from 2011 to 2016.","authors":"Xiuqing Chen, Qinyi Li, Zhoufei Fang, Linjing Huang, Peiwen Wu","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-01013-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-01013-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Observational studies have indicated that individuals with hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM) tend to exhibit elevated plasma atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), defined as log (triglyceride [TG]/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)). However, the precise relationship between these factors remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the correlations among HTN, DM, and AIP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; 2011-2016), a nationally representative sample, were analyzed to assess the relationship between AIP and the coexistence of HTN and DM in United States (US) adults. AIP served as the exposure variable, adjusted for 28 covariates. Baseline characteristics, correlation analysis, stratified analysis, and non-linear modeling were employed to elucidate these associations. The Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) machine learning algorithm was utilized to evaluate the predictive value of various variables for the presence of HTN and DM. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess AIP's diagnostic accuracy for detecting HTN and DM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline characteristics revealed that individuals with HTN and DM had higher mean AIP values (0.39). Participants with alcohol use, obesity, or metabolic syndrome were more likely to present with both conditions. A significant positive correlation between AIP and the coexistence of HTN and DM was found (model 1: odds ratio [OR] = 5.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.84-9.16, P < 0.001; model 2: OR = 6.78, 95% CI = 4.14-11.1, P < 0.001; model 3: OR = 3.95, 95% CI = 1.66-9.39, P = 0.005), as confirmed by stratified analysis and smoothing curve analysis. The XGBoost algorithm identified AIP as an important predictor of HTN and DM. ROC curve analysis demonstrated AIP's relatively high accuracy in predicting these conditions. Smoothing curve analysis further supported the positive associations among AIP, HTN, and DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This cross-sectional study highlights AIP was significantly associated with HTN combined with DM, underscoring its potential as a diagnostic tool. These findings provide valuable insights for future preventive and therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12312532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary intakes in relation to nutrition recommendations and dietary quality in an Iranian adult population: the results of the Food and Nutrition Surveillance (FNS).","authors":"Najmeh Seifi, Nasrin Talkhi, Zahra Khorasanchi, Sara Saffar Soflaei, Seyyed Reza Sobhani, Zahra Abdollahi, Ali Mottaghi Moghaddam Shahri, Maryam Mohammadi-BajgIran, Gordon A Ferns, Habibollah Esmaily, Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-01022-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-01022-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Iranian population faces a dual burden of overconsumption and nutrient insufficiency. Considering recent socioeconomic changes due to severe sanctions and the impact of the COVID-19 crisis, this research aimed to assess the energy, macronutrient, and micronutrient intakes of Iranian adults (19-60 years) and elderly individuals (> 60 years), based on the Food and Drug Administration dietary intake recommendations, through a survey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional survey conducted from 2021 to 2022. The study included 1697 adults aged over18 years, selected from 11 geographical zones of Iran based on socio-economic and geographic similarities. All participants underwent dietary assessment using a validated 65-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Macronutrient and micronutrient intakes were compared with Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI). The Dietary Quality Index- International (DQI-I) was also calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the adults aged 19-60 years, the mean usual energy intake was 2,321.64 ± 33.16 kcal/day. Carbohydrates, fat, and protein constituted 50.4%, 38.3%, and 13.45% of total energy intake, respectively. About 64.0% of women and 78.0% of men consumed fiber in amounts lower than recommended. The percentage of insufficiency was approximately 100% for retinol and vitamin D in both genders. Insufficient folate intake was 90.1% in women and 89.9% in men (p = 0.038). Excess sodium intake was more prevalent in men (p = 0.003). In the elderly (> 60 years), the mean usual energy intake was 1,987 kcal/day. Carbohydrates, fat, and protein constituted 52.98%, 35.88%, and 13.9% of total energy intake, respectively. The percentage of insufficiency for vitamin D, retinol, folate, selenium, and potassium intake was high (more than 80%) in both genders. Zinc insufficiency and excess sodium intake were significantly more prevalent in men.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study indicated that carbohydrate and protein intakes were within the recommended ranges, while fat consumption was elevated in both adults and the elderly. Widespread micronutrient insufficiencies- especially in retinol, folate, vitamin D, potassium, and selenium- were evident across both genders and age groups. Excessive sodium consumption was more prevalent in men, along with a higher prevalence of zinc deficiency. These findings highlight the need for targeted dietary interventions to address nutritional gaps and promote healthier eating habits.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12296594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of body roundness index with circadian syndrome: a cross-sectional study using NHANES data from 2009 to 2018.","authors":"Jin-Yan Lan, Yu-Hong Song, Yu Ke, Chen-Wei An, Chao-He Chen, Li-Xu Tang","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-01018-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-01018-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity is a significant manifestation of Circadian Syndrome (CircS), and the Body Roundness Index (BRI) is one of the anthropometric indicators associated with obesity. However, it remains unclear whether BRI is linked to the risk of CircS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this population-based cross-sectional study, data from adults aged ≥ 20 years from the 2009-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the relationship between BRI and CircS after adjusting for various covariates. To further explore the trend of association between different BRI levels and CircS, BRI was categorized into four classes to enhance the robustness of the results. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was utilized to illustrate the dose-response relationship between BRI and CircS. Additionally, subgroup analyses were performed to assess the consistency and stability of the study results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 8,024 participants aged 20 years and older, of whom 2,634 had CircS. In fully adjusted models, BRI was positively associated with the prevalence of CircS (OR = 2.821, 95% CI: 2.038-3.768). When BRI was transformed from a continuous to a categorical variable, higher levels of BRI were correlated with a higher prevalence of CircS compared to the lowest quartile of BRI. RCS analyses demonstrated a positive association between BRI and CircS prevalence, with threshold effect analyses identifying a threshold value of BRI at 5.91. To the left of this threshold, each one-unit increase in BRI elevated the prevalence of CircS by a factor of 2.681 (OR = 2.681, 95% CI: 2.524-2.851). Stratified factorial subgroup analyses indicated that the positive association between BRI and CircS persisted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of our cross-sectional study indicate a significant positive correlation between elevated BRI and increased prevalence of CircS.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"266"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144707763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the determinants of drug-resistant tuberculosis in selected hospitals in Tigray region, Northern Ethiopia: a case-control study.","authors":"Desalegn Meresa, Gebretsadik Berhe, Kidane Tadesse, Muuz Gebru, Gebremedhin Gebrezgabiher","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-01021-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-01021-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a significant challenge to the national tuberculosis (TB) control program in Ethiopia. The Tigray region in northern Ethiopia has shown a surge in the incidence of DR-TB cases. However, the determinants of DR-TB in the region are not studied. This study is aimed at identifying the factors associated with the development of DR-TB in the Tigray region of northern Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study used an unmatched case-control design to identify determinants of DR-TB in the Tigray region, northern Ethiopia, whereby 86 patients and 86 controls who registered for TB treatment follow-up in selected hospitals were recruited. Trained nurses collected both primary and secondary data, which were analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. The test statistics was conducted with a 95% confidence level, and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 86 patients with DR-TB (cases) and an equal number of patients with drug-susceptible (controls). The case and control groups had 38 (44.2%) and 47 (54.7%) males, respectively. The study revealed the study participants with male gender (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.9, 95% confidence interval [CI: 1.2-19.9), single marital status (AOR = 13.6, 95% CI: 2.3-81.2), history of TB treatment (AOR = 58.2, 95% CI: 11.2-302.1), experienced a delay of more than 60 days before TB diagnosis (AOR = 4.8, 95% CI: 1.2-19.3), interrupted treatment at least once (AOR = 4.9, 95% CI: 1.02-23.9), and unsuccessful treatment outcome at first treatment (AOR = 7.6, 95% CI: 1.8-35.9) had a higher risk of DR-TB.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study highlights determinants of DR-TB in the region, including gender, marital status, delayed diagnosis (over 60 days), previous treatment history, interrupted treatment, and unsuccessful treatment outcomes during initial treatment. It is recommended that healthcare providers focus on targeted interventions, such as supporting males and unmarried individuals, ensuring early diagnosis and prompt initiation of treatment, improving treatment adherence, and providing tailored support for patients with histories of incomplete treatment and unsuccessful initial treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144707762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}