Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Dietary carotenoid intake and fracture risk based on NHANES 2013-2018 data: a propensity score matching.","authors":"Tesfaye Getachew Charkos, Hunde Lemi, Kemal Sherefa Oumer","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00858-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00858-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Several epidemiological studies have reported inconsistent findings on the association between carotenoid intake and fracture risk. This study aimed to determine the association between individual carotenoid intake and fracture risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2013-2018. This study identified elderly individuals with valid and complete data on carotenoid intake and fracture risk. The average dietary intakes of α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, and lutein + zeaxanthin was taken based on the two 24-hour recall interviews. Matching was done based on age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). Logistic regression models were used to test the associations between carotenoids and fracture risk. All analyses were performed by using R (version 3.4.3; R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 5491 (1140 cases and 4351 control) subjects were included in this study. The average age of the subjects was 55.62 ± 14.84 years old. In the adjusted model, the risk of osteoporotic fracture was decreased by 6.2% (odd ratio (OR): 0.938; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.699 to 0.989) and 1.4% (OR 0.986; 95% CI: 0.975 to 0.997) for dietary intake of beta-carotene and lycopene, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dietary intakes of beta-carotene and lycopene have significantly reduced the risk of osteoporotic fracture among the elderly population in the United States of America.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11998245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143974686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of the clinical efficacy of conservative treatment for adenomyosis using traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine.","authors":"Yan Liang, Tianling Xiao, Haiyan Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00852-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00852-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the clinical efficacy of commonly used conservative treatments for adenomyosis using both TCM and Western medicine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>210 patients with adenomyosis were selected and divided into 3 groups: Group A (Dan'e Fukang), Group B (Dienogest), and Group C (Goserelin + Mirena), with 70 cases in each group. Afterward, indicators were collected for comparison.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Different treatment approaches exhibited varying effects on uterine VAS, and PBAC among the 3 groups (P < 0.001). The effects of different treatment approaches on serum levels of estradiol (E2), FSH, and CA125 also differed among the 3 groups (P < 0.001). After 3 months of treatment, the incidence of adverse reactions among the 3 groups was significantly different (P < 0.001), with further comparison indicating a lower incidence of adverse reactions in Groups A and B than in Group C (P < 0.017). Meanwhile, statistically significant differences in the incidence of adverse reactions among the 3 groups were observed again after 6 months of treatment (P = 0.004), with further comparison revealing a lower incidence of adverse reactions in Group B than in Group C. Additionally, the comparison of uterine volume (P < 0.001) and VAS (P < 0.001) among the 3 groups was different after 12 months of treatment, and further comparison revealed that the uterine volume was ranked as Group B > Group C > Group A, while the pelvic pain VAS scores were ranked as Group C > Group B = Group A.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dan'e Fukang Decoction is markedly effective in alleviating pain; Goserelin + Mirena exhibits significant efficacy in reducing bleeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11995526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary live microorganisms and depression-driven mortality in hypertensive patients: NHANES 2005-2018.","authors":"Xuanchun Huang, Lanshuo Hu, Jun Li, Xiaoling Xie, Chao Meng, Yiying Liu, Xiaoqi Wei","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00861-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00861-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the relationship between dietary microorganism intake and mortality risk among hypertensive adults with depression in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilizes data from the 2005-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, focusing on individuals with hypertension. The Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curve is employed to preliminarily explore the relationship between dietary microorganism intake, depression, and mortality risk in hypertensive individuals. The Cox proportional hazards model is used for both individual and combined analyses of these relationships. Mediation analysis assesses the mediating effect of depression on the association between dietary microorganisms and mortality, while subgroup and sensitivity analysis evaluates the stability of the model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This cohort study included 11,602 hypertensive participants (5,904 men and 5,698 women), with 1,201 having depression. During follow-up period, 2,085 died from all causes, 692 due to cardiovascular events. Preliminary analysis using the K-M curve reveals that hypertensive individuals with higher dietary microorganism intake and those without depression have lower mortality risks. Cox proportional hazards model analysis shows that increased dietary microorganism intake is associated with reduced mortality risk in hypertensive individuals (HR_ALL-cause=0.654, 95%CI: 0.555-0.771; HR_CVD-cause:0.675, 95%CI: 0.472,0.967). High intake of diets rich in dietary microorganisms may mitigate the ALL-cause mortality risk of depression in hypertensive populations(HR_ALL-cause=0.493, 95%CI: 0.256-0.947). Mediation analysis revealed that depression serves as a partial mediator in the process of dietary microorganisms improving the long - term prognosis of the hypertensive population. Results of subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis showed that the beneficial effect of dietary microorganism intake on prognosis remained stable in most of the hypertensive population.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with depression among those suffering from hypertension can reduce the risk of all-cause mortality caused by depression by increasing their intake of dietary microorganisms. This provides clinicians with a new non-pharmacological intervention approach and offers a direction for the optimization of clinical combined treatment regimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11995569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness program for controlling the misuse of antibiotics and related resistance among mothers of children under 5 years.","authors":"Zainab Attia Abdallah, Tanazor Hemdan Abdel Hamid, Sameh S Zaghlool, Abdelaziz Hendy, Khalid Al-Mugheed, Sally Mohammed Farghaly Abdelaliem, Amany Anwar Saeed Alabdullah, Salwa Sayed, Ahmed Hendy, Ayiat Allah Wagdy Farag","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00823-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00823-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antibiotics are pharmacological agents synthesized in laboratories or derived from microorganisms to inhibit the growth of other living microorganisms. Antibiotics resistance represents a serious problem described by WHO as \"a global public health concern\" especially in children.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the impact of an antibiotic awareness program on the knowledge, attitude, and reported practices of mothers of children less than 5 years old Methods A quasi-experimental pre-post-test design was conducted at immunization and primary health care centers on 375 mothers. The intervention included a structured awareness program employing lectures, group discussions, and audiovisual materials. Researchers used tools to assess socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and reported practices, aiming to improve mothers' understanding and behavior regarding antibiotic use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mothers' knowledge exhibited a substantial increase, as reflected in the total mean score rising from 6.25 ± 1.72 in the pre-test to 10.85 ± 2.49 in the post-test. Furthermore, the participants' attitudes witnessed a noteworthy shift, with the pre-test total mean score of 28.19 ± 10.12 experiencing a considerable improvement post-program to reach 59.60 ± 12.40. Additionally, the reported practices of the mothers displayed positive changes, as evidenced by an improvement in the total mean score from 6.36 ± 1.97 in the post-test.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The well-designed awareness programs can play a crucial role in empowering mothers to make informed decisions and adopt responsible practices, contributing to the overall effort in controlling antibiotic misuse and combating resistance in the context of child healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11992840/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of visual management health education in preventing venous thromboembolism in patients with complete occlusion of chronic coronary arteries.","authors":"Liqing Mao, Tingting Xu, Zizhi Weng, Jieqin Ju","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00825-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00825-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Exploring the effectiveness of visually managed health education in reducing the risk of venous thromboembolism in patients with complete occlusion of chronic coronary arteries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 100 patients with chronic total occlusion of coronary arteries and undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in cardiovascular medicine were included and divided into a test group and a control group with 50 patients in each group. Patients in the test group received health education based on visualization management, while patients in the control group received conventional health education. Relevant data were collected for further comparison. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and t-test and χ² test were used to analyze the differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After intervention, there were higher levels of antithrombin III (AT3) and activated partial prothrombin time (APTT), while lower levels of D-dimer (D-D), fibrinogen degradation product (FDP), fibrinogen (FBG), and thrombin time (TT) in the test group than those before intervention. The control group showed decreased AT3 and APTT, while increased D-D, FDP,TT and FBG levels (P < 0.05). After intervention, the levels of AT3 and APTT in the test group were higher than those in the control group, while the levels of D-D, FDP, FBG, and TT were lower than those in the latter control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, both groups of patients showed a decrease in Padua scores and an increase in prevention cognition scores after intervention (P < 0.05). After intervention, the Padua score of the test group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The test group had higher compliance score (P < 0.001) and satisfaction (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Visual management health education can effectively improve the effect of health education, increase patients' awareness, compliance and satisfaction with VTE prevention, reduce the risk of lower limb VTE, and improve the coagulation function of CTO patients during PCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11987246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and hearing loss: a cross-sectional study from NHANES.","authors":"Yuxuan Yu, Zhe Shen, Yong Liu, Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00851-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00851-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the neutrophil-to-HDL cholesterol ratio (NHR) and the risk of hearing loss, as well as to evaluate the potential of the NHR as a biomarker for hearing loss.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data covering 2005-2012 and 2015-2020 were analyzed. A weighted multivariate logistic regression model assessed the correlation between NHR and speech-frequency hearing loss (SFHL) and high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL). Restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression analysis was utilized to investigate the nonlinear correlation. Additionally, subgroup analysis was performed to identify differences among subgroups. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of NHR in predicting hearing loss.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 10,436 participants were involved. After comprehensive adjustments for confounding factors, NHR was linearly correlated with SFHL and HFHL. Subgroup analysis revealed that race and the poverty index ratio (PIR) significantly modified the association between NHR and hearing loss. ROC analysis demonstrated the predictive capability of NHR for hearing loss.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NHR is positively correlated with the risk of hearing loss. This study suggests that NHR may serve as a potential biomarker for predicting and assessing hearing loss, demonstrating significant clinical application value. However, this cross-sectional study limits the ability to establish causality. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings and explore potential mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11983788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144012973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional status of third-gender population of Dhaka City, Bangladesh.","authors":"Mahjabin Hossain Faria, Maisha Maliha, Aliza Tabassum, Khurshid Jahan, Moffashara Sultana Ratna, S K Roy","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00736-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00736-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While existing studies conducted in South Asian countries have provided valuable insights into the nutritional status of the marginalized third-gender population and highlighted suboptimal nutritional conditions, regrettably such data is lacking in Bangladesh. Addressing this data gap is crucial to understanding and improving the nutritional condition of the third-gender community. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate their nutritional status, dietary protein intake, lifestyle, social behavior, nutritional knowledge, and prevalence of diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cross-sectional study was conducted in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Fifty participants from the third-gender community were selected. Study subjects were individually interviewed through a structured questionnaire to gather specific data. SPSS was used for statistical analysis. Logistic Regression, Shapiro-Wilk Test, Kruskal-Wallis Test, and Chi-square tests were carried out to measure the associations among the variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age of the participants was 32.74 ± 9.30 years, with 26% lacking formal education and 72% engaged in money collection as a primary occupation. 36% earned less than BDT 5,000 monthly, with only 2% exceeding BDT 20,000. The mean height and mean body weights were 163 ± 5.21 cm and 60.64 ± 13.61 kg (mean ± SD) respectively. Mean Body Mass Index (BMI) was 23.02 ± 5.04 kg/m², among whom 14% were underweight, 56% were normal, 20% were overweight, and 10% were obese. 48% of the participants had poor nutritional knowledge, and 46% had average. 50% of the participants had smoking habits and 34% of the participants consumed alcohol. Nutritional intake was skewed towards plant proteins (72%), with inadequate access to healthcare reported by 56% of subjects. Two-thirds (66%) of the respondents had no illness, and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) affected 34% of participants, with diabetes (12%) and low pressure (8%) prevalent. Smoking significantly correlated with lower normal BMI (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.07-0.84, p < 0.05). Unhealthy food intake was significantly associated with underweight risks (AOR = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.03-0.92, p < 0.05). When compared with male and female Bangladeshi populations, third-gender individuals had higher overweight prevalence, moderate normal BMI rates, and lower malnutrition than males.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The research identified suboptimal nutritional status among the third-gender population in Bangladesh, highlighting higher rates of both obesity and underweight, as well as a prevalence of non-communicable diseases, particularly diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11983932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144004709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis on a global scale.","authors":"Khushbu Viresh Janani, Parsa Saberian, Hardik B Patel, Narsimha Rao Keetha, Ardalan Etemadzadeh, Anya Patel, Seyyed Mohammad Hashemi, Ehsan Amini-Salehi, Anoop Gurram","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00860-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00860-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may be at higher risk of developing MetS due to chronic inflammation, altered adipokine profiles, and the effects of corticosteroid treatment. However, the prevalence of MetS in IBD patients remains inconsistent across studies. This meta-analysis aims to estimate the prevalence of MetS in IBD patients and compare its occurrence between Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science from their inception up to January 19, 2025. Eligible observational studies reporting MetS prevalence in IBD patients were included. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model, with heterogeneity assessed via the I² statistic. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software, version 4.0 was used for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pooled prevalence of MetS in IBD patients was 21.8% (95% CI: 14.3-31.6%). The prevalence was higher in UC patients (32.7%, 95% CI: 16.0-55.5%) compared to CD patients (14.1%, 95% CI: 8.6-22.3%). Patients with UC had significantly higher odds of MetS than those with CD (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.03-1.85, P = 0.02). Additionally, IBD patients with MetS were significantly older than those without (MD: 9.89, 95% CI: 5.12-14.67, P < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, this meta-analysis reveals a notable prevalence of MetS among patients with IBD, particularly in those with UC, where the prevalence is higher than in CD. The analysis also shows that IBD patients with MetS tend to be older, suggesting age as a contributing factor. These findings underscore the need for routine metabolic screening in IBD care, especially in UC and elderly patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11983980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of a four-drug combined regimen compared to uterine curettage in the treatment of incomplete medical abortion: a prospective observational study.","authors":"Yanlin Feng, Linai Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00771-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00771-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the clinical efficacy of the combined regimen of four drugs (drospirenone and ethinylestradiol tablets (II), mifepristone, misoprostol, and Xinshenghua granules) for the treatment of incomplete medical abortion (MA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>184 patients diagnosed with incomplete MA were recruited and divided into two groups: the combined medication group (n = 92) and the uterine curettage group (n = 92). Patients in the combined medication group were treated with a combined regimen of four drugs, while those in the uterine curettage group were treated with uterine curettage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After treatment, the diameter of residue (0.00 VS 4.26 ± 2.34 mm, t=-3.359, P = 0.010), days of vaginal bleeding (9.79 ± 1.76 VS 11.92 ± 1.91 days, t=-4.688, P = 0.010) and return time of menses (28.58 ± 2.67 VS 31.24 ± 2.43 days, t=-4.238, P < 0.001) of the combined medication group were significantly lower than those of the uterine curettage group. The duration of menstruation (6.12 ± 1.12 VS 5.11 ± 0.98 days, t=-2.681, P = 0.007) and the proportion of menstrual volume equal to past menstruation after return of menses were higher in the combined medication group than in the uterine curettage group (80.43% VS 57.61%, χ² = 16.472, P < 0.001). No statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of serum β-HCG levels after treatment (P > 0.05); the overall response rate was higher in the combined medication group than in the uterine curettage group (97.83% VS 80.43%, χ² = 54.331, P < 0.001). No adverse reaction events occurred during the treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined regimen of four drugs boasts favorable efficacy for the treatment of incomplete MA, and is equally efficient as compared to uterine curettage.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11983879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143975239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of probiotics on cognitive function and cardiovascular risk factors in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: an umbrella meta-analysis.","authors":"Bin Xiao, Lina Fu, Zhe Yang, Guran Yu","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00816-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00816-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This umbrella meta-analysis evaluates the effects of probiotics on cognitive function and metabolic health in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) by synthesizing findings from meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), as existing evidence remains inconclusive.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus to identify meta-analyses of RCTs investigating the impact of probiotic supplementation on cognitive function and metabolic biomarkers. The random-effects model was used. Heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen meta-analyses, comprising 3910 patients, were included. Probiotics significantly improved cognitive function in AD (SMD = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.33 to 1.23) and MCI (SMD = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.15 to 0.70). Probiotics also increased total antioxidant capacity (SMD = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.11 to 0.70) and reduced MDA (SMD =  - 0.35, 95% CI: - 0.62 to - 0.09) and hs-CRP (SMD =  - 0.59, 95% CI: - 0.87 to - 0.30). Insulin resistance improved, as reflected by decreased HOMA-IR (SMD =  - 0.34, 95% CI: - 0.43 to - 0.26). No significant effects were observed on glutathione, nitric oxide, or lipid profiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Probiotic supplementation appears to enhance cognitive function and metabolic parameters in individuals with MCI and AD, likely through mechanisms involving inflammation reduction, oxidative stress modulation, and improved insulin sensitivity. Further high-quality RCTs are required to validate these findings and determine optimal probiotic formulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11980270/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}