Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Economic burden of zoonotic and infectious diseases on livestock farmers: a narrative review.","authors":"Bibin Bose, S Siva Kumar","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00913-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00913-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Zoonoses significantly impact human health and agricultural productivity, particularly affecting livestock farmers. In this review, the primary objective was to understand the economic impact of both zoonotic and potential zoonotic diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This narrative review synthesises literature from SCOPUS, Web of Science, PUBMED, and Reports, covering articles published between 1970 and 2024. Inclusion criteria focused on articles discussing economic losses due to zoonotic diseases in livestock, while exclusion criteria eliminated non-peer-reviewed works and studies not in English.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 37 articles were analysed, revealing substantial economic impacts from various zoonotic diseases. The study uncovers a dramatic decrease in milk consumption, with some areas experiencing a reduction of up to 64 per cent, causing financial hardship for dairy farmers. Moreover, animal-to-human transmissible diseases like bovine tuberculosis, Rift Valley Fever and mastitis result in significant economic setbacks, especially in developing countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Addressing economic challenges caused by zoonotic and potential diseases is vital for dairy sector sustainability, particularly in developing nations like India. The study emphasises the need for collaborative efforts from stakeholders, including government officials and researchers. It underlines key challenges and compares economic contexts between countries, advocating increased livestock farmers' awareness of these diseases, improved farming techniques, and training programmes to alleviate the problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12083159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open gyms and physical activity in a university setting: A mixed-methods study from Varanasi, India.","authors":"Lalita Vatta, Upasana Pandey, Anchal Pandey, Bindyashwori Yelam, Neha Rathi","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00916-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00916-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of physical inactivity in India is estimated to be 34%; the highest prevalence in South Asian countries. Physical inactivity has increased the risk of non-communicable diseases among urban Indians. Built environment interventions that aim to enhance physical activity have gained popularity in recent years. The construction of outdoor gymnasiums (hereafter referred to as OGs) in green spaces is one such intervention. The installation of OGs on university campuses is a novel concept. The present study was designed to explore the usage of OGs and the perceptions of the users about OGs in a public university setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sequential mixed-methods study design was used to inform this two-fold study. In the first phase (Quantitative), four OGs (i.e. OG-A, OG-B, OG-C, OG-D) were observed between 6.00 am and 8.00 pm for one week per month from December 2022 to March 2023 which corresponds to winter and spring time in Varanasi, India. In the second phase (Qualitative), face-to-face, semi-structured in-depth interviews (N = 66) with a purposive sample of (OG) users were conducted in Hindi. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to analyze quantitative and qualitative data respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Observational data revealed that the OGs were more frequently used during spring as compared to winter. OG-C emerged as the most popular gym across the four-month period as it hosted the highest number of users (N = 3384) followed by OG-D (N = 2380), OG-B (N = 2004), and OG-A (N = 792). Another major observation was that OGs were more likely to be used by males than females. OGs were more crowded over weekends than weekdays. The thematic analysis of qualitative interview data revealed three main themes and associated sub-themes: (i) Perceived benefits associated with the use of OGs (physical and mental health benefits, proximity to nature, opportunity to socialize, safe environment, economical, ease of access for everyone); (ii) Perceived challenges associated with the use of OGs (lack of time, overcrowding, damaged equipment, laziness); (iii) Feedback for improvement of OGs (regular maintenance of gym equipment, installation of more equipment, installation of drinking water stations and restrooms).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The emerging findings recognize OGs as viable built environment interventions that encourage people to embrace physical activity. The OGs not only contribute to the revitalization of open green spaces in university campuses where they are installed but also play a significant role towards the fulfilment of social responsibility of educational institutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of visceral fat metabolic score with bone mineral density and osteoporosis: a NHANES cross-sectional study.","authors":"Peng Gu, Bowen Shi, Zheng Zhang, Ying Du, Yanqing Jia, Guowei Zhu, Tianlin Wen, Zhiwei Jia, Yaohong Wu, Xiyan Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00914-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00914-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic Score for Visceral Fat (METS-VF) is commonly used as an indicator for assessing visceral fat metabolism. However, the relationship between METS-VF, Bone Mineral Density (BMD), and osteoporosis remains unclear in the American population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), including participants aged 20 years and older, from the survey cycles conducted between 2005 and 2010, 2013-2014, and 2017-2018. Multivariable weighted linear regression and logistic regression analyses were first applied to investigate the associations between the METS-VF, femoral BMD, and osteoporosis. In addition, subgroup interaction analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of these associations. To address potential non-linear relationships, restricted cubic spline regression was employed. All statistical analyses were conducted using R software version 4.3.3. P values were two-tailed, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for all covariates, the positive correlations between METS-VF and BMD measurements at all sites remained statistically significant (p < 0.001 & p for trend < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that, after adjusting for covariates related to osteoporosis, each one-unit increase in METS-VF was associated with a 63.1% reduction in the risk of developing osteoporosis. Moreover, the direction of the associations between METS-VF and both BMD and osteoporosis remained consistent across all subgroups, while restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses suggested nonlinear relationships. The 5.82-7.35 METS-VF range yielded a mean 51.9% osteoporosis risk reduction (sustained ≥ 30% peak efficacy in 66.7% of participants).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>METS-VF demonstrated a nonlinear positive association with BMD and a nonlinear inverse relationship with osteoporosis risk. Future studies should establish optimal biological thresholds of METS-VF for skeletal health.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12079861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between the planetary health diet index and the risk of sarcopenia and protein-energy wasting in patients with chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Fatemeh Mansouri, Zainab Shateri, Marzieh Shoja, Shahrokh Ezzatzadegan Jahromi, Mehran Nouri, Siavash Babajafari","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00848-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00848-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) is a dietary index that emphasizes plant sources and recommends reducing animal-source food consumption. The relationship between this index and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has not been studied. This study aimed to examine the association between sarcopenia and protein-energy wasting (PEW) with PHDI in CKD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study was a cross-sectional one, conducted in Shiraz, Fars province, Iran. Patients were selected from Motahari and Imam Reza clinics between January to October 2022. The guideline of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) was used to assess sarcopenia. PEW was identified based on the four criteria of the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM). PHDI was calculated according to the reference diet suggested by the EAT-Lancet Commission. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between PHDI and odds ratio (OR) of sarcopenia and PEW.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the multivariable analysis, in both crude and adjusted models, no significant association was seen between a unit change in the PHDI score and the odds of sarcopenia and PEW (P > 0.05 for both). In comparison to scores lower than the mean of PHDI score, in the crude model, no significant association was found between scores higher than the mean of PHDI score and sarcopenia and PEW. However, in the adjusted model, the odds of sarcopenia were significantly lower in participants with a PHDI score higher than the mean compared to those with a PHDI score lower than the mean of (OR = 0.249, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.070-0.881, P = 0.031).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that a high adherence to PHDI is associated with a reduced odds of sarcopenia in CKD patients. However, it did not have a significant effect on reducing the odds of PEW in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144020631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can soy isoflavones in combination with soy protein change serum levels of C-reactive protein among patients with chronic inflammatory diseases? A systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Ali Gholami, Bahareh Amirkalali, Mitra Hariri","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00902-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00902-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>C-reactive protein (CRP) is one of the most important markers for assessing inflammation status and its increased concentration in blood is associated with many chronic diseases in humans. The aim of this study was to reveal the effect of soy isoflavones containing soy protein on serum levels of CRP in adult population with chronic inflammatory diseases.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We searched databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and clinicalTrials.gov up to March 2025. We used random effects model to calculate the heterogeneity and the overall effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-seven articles were involved in the systematic review and twenty-two articles with thirty-four effect sizes were considered for meta-analysis. The overall estimates revealed that soy isoflavones containing soy protein significantly decreased serum levels of CRP in comparison with control group (weighted mean difference (WMD)= -0.49 mg/L; 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.74, -0.25; P = 0 < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although our results clearly showed soy isoflavones containing soy protein can have decreasing effect on inflammation in participants with chronic inflammatory disease, more large-scale and high quality interventional studies still need to be done to clarify our results.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143986095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeated cross-sectional and longitudinal study of dietary mineral intake status in Iranian adults: Tehran lipid and glucose study.","authors":"Hadi Pourmirzaei Olyaei, Zahra Bahadoran, Parvin Mirmiran, Fereidoun Azizi","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00868-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00868-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mineral deficiencies are significant public health concerns worldwide, contributing to the development and progression of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). We evaluated longitudinal adequacy of mineral intakes among Iranian adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult (aged ≥ 18) participants were included in the repeated cross-sectional analysis from 2006-2008 to 2018-2022. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Adequacy of minerals intake, including calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, copper, manganese, selenium, and chromium, were evaluated against the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) guidelines. Longitudinal trends of mineral intakes were evaluated using repeated measures analysis of variance in a cohort of 4384 participants (42% men; mean age 40.8 ± 12.8 years).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Calcium inadequacy increased markedly from 39.6% in 2006-2008 to 68.6% in 2018-2022, with higher rates among women (74.1%) and older adults (75.0%). Iron inadequacy, mainly affecting women, increased from 14.5 to 39.1% over the same period. Although magnesium inadequacy remained high overall, it reached 34.2% in 2018-2022. In contrast, manganese intake was rarely inadequate. Zinc, copper, selenium, and chromium inadequacies showed fluctuations, but mean levels were generally closer to recommended values despite notable gender disparities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study indicates significant and worsening mineral intake inadequacies among Iranian adults, particularly for calcium and iron. Further long-term studies are needed to guide interventions, such as dietary education, food fortification, and policy measures aimed at improving micronutrient intake across diverse age and gender groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12065302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between social media addiction, social media fatigue, fear of missing out, and sleep quality among university students in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Moinur Rahman, Md Fajla Rabby, Md Rayhan Kabir, Rezwana Anjum, Onnesha Saha, Md Abrar Azim Bhuiyan, Hasibul Hassain Emon, Md Moyazzem Hossain","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00896-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00896-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between social media use and sleep quality is complicated and may be impacted by several contextual factors, including age, socioeconomic status, living environment, and other medical issues. It is necessary to explore the relationship between social media usage and poor sleep outcomes among university students. However, little is known about the connection between sleep issues and the detrimental effects of social media use. This study aims to investigate the relationship between social media, social media addiction (SMA), social media fatigue (SMF), fear of missing out (FoMO), and sleep quality (SQ) in Bangladeshi students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Primary data were collected from 611 university students using a stratified random sampling technique. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and other variables of scales such as SMA, SMF, and FoMO were used in this survey. Descriptive statistics of participants and logistic regression were used to identify significant factors, and ANOVA was used to compare the means of multiple groups to determine.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings revealed that 413 (67.57%) respondents have sleep disruption, and most of the participants used social media for 0-2 h daily, however, only a small portion exceeded 8 h. This study also found that SMA, SMF, and FoMO significantly impact the SQ, where students with low SMF scores were 6.85 times more likely to report good sleep quality than those with high SMF scores. Low SMA scores are 2.04 times more likely to have good SQ compared to the high scores of SMA, and for FoMO, the low scores are 2.22 times more likely to have good SQ compared to high scorers of FoMO. Among the participating students, 47% of the students rated their health as \"good\", 45% as \"fair\", and 4% as \"poor\". The study found that sleep SQ has a significant impact on self-reported health status, with good SQ having a 0.598 times lower risk of fair health conditions than those with bad SQ. Moreover, social media use, time spent on social media, and how many hours you usually sleep at night in the past month covariates show a significant impact on student health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>University students were more likely to have sleep issues after using social media in ways that caused negative effects like SMF, SMA, and FoMO. Social media overactivity reduces sleep quality and affects on also self-reported health, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12065153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein ratio as a predictor for 10-year cardiovascular disease in individuals with diabetes in Thailand.","authors":"Methavee Poochanasri, Sethapong Lertsakulbunlue, Chutawat Kookanok, Ram Rangsin, Wisit Kaewput, Mathirut Mungthin, Parinya Samakkarnthai","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00835-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00835-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL) ratio has emerged as a potential marker for CVD risk. However, its predictive value for high 10-year predicted Cardiovascular (CV) risk remains unclear; This study evaluates the predictive value of the TG/HDL-C ratio for 10-year cardiovascular risk using the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) risk prediction model in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted on 61,004 adults from 2014,2015, and 2018 aged 30-74 years with T2DM, without a history of CVD. The FHS model was used to estimate 10-year predicted CV risk, and high CVD risk was defined as ≥ 20%. ROC curve analysis was used to determine the optimal TG/HDL cutoff for high 10-year predicted CV risk in the overall population and age-specific subgroups. Logistic regression was performed to find the association between TG/HDL and high 10-year predicted CV risk, adjusting for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimal TG/HDL-C cutoff was 2.52 (AUC = 0.618, 95% CI: 0.612-0.624), with 67% sensitivity and 50% specificity. Higher TG/HDL were associated with increased odds of high predicted CVD risk in a dose-dependent manner, with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 5.16 (95% CI: 4.86-5.49) in the highest TG/HDL quartile (> 4.91). Age-stratified analysis identified lower cutoffs for older adults (≥ 60 years: 2.42, AUC = 0.694) than younger individuals (< 60 years: 2.98, AUC = 0.636), indicating stronger predictive performance in older adults.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The TG/HDL ratio is significantly associated with 10-year predicted CVD risk in T2DM with age-specific differences in predictive value. The lower cutoff for older adults (2.42) suggests even modest elevations indicate increased risk. These findings support TG/HDL integration into routine CVD risk assessments and highlight the importance of age-specific cutoffs for improved risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12065159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Negative association between body roundness index and constipation: insights from NHANES.","authors":"Lingting Chen, Huirong Xiao, Xuchao Yu, Bingbin Huang, Sirong Guo, Ting Yuan, Siyang Deng","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00886-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00886-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Backgrounds: </strong>The relationship between body roundness index (BRI), a metric that distinguishes heterogeneity in fat distribution, and constipation is unclear. This study is the first to investigate the association between BRI and constipation based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in the United States, providing a new perspective on the mechanisms of obesity-related gastrointestinal dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study utilized data from the NHANES conducted between 2005 and 2010. Constipation was diagnosed based on the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). Weighted logistic regression models were employed to assess the association between BRI and constipation prevalence. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) and piecewise linear regression models were applied to evaluate non-linear relationships between BRI and constipation. Propensity score matching (PSM) was implemented to match constipated and non-constipated populations with similar baseline characteristics. Subsequent analyses were conducted to investigate the correlation between BRI and constipation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 12,732 eligible participants were included. A negative correlation was observed between BRI and constipation prevalence, with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.80, 0.95) after controlling for all covariates. When BRI was categorized into quartiles (Q1-Q4), both Q3 and Q4 groups exhibited significantly reduced constipation risk compared to Q1 (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.54-0.97; OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.46-0.87). The RCS regression model revealed a linear inverse association between BRI and constipation risk (nonlinearity test P = 0.083). Subgroup analyses identified significant interaction effects of BRI with age, alcohol consumption status, and hypertension on constipation risk (interaction P < 0.05). Post PSM, constipation patients demonstrated higher BRI levels than non-constipation counterparts (P = 0.013).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An inverse association was observed between BRI and constipation risk in U.S. adults, suggesting that lower BRI levels may correlate with raised constipation incidence. This underscores the critical importance of maintaining optimal BRI levels for constipation prevention. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms governing this association.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"149"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12065198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fear of intimate partner and women's engagement in exercise: insights from a national survey in Kenya.","authors":"Joshua Okyere, Abigail Kabukie Dosoo, Castro Ayebeng, Precious Adade Duodo, Kwamena Sekyi Dickson","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00838-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-00838-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Women in abusive or controlling relationships often experience restrictions on their autonomy, mobility, and decision-making capacity. Furthermore, fear of a husband or partner, whether stemming from psychological abuse, coercive control, or physical violence, may influence a woman's ability to engage in health-promoting activities like exercise. However, the relationship between fear in intimate relationships and excercise remains underexplored. We examined whether there was an association between relational fear and women's engagement in exercise, as well as the direction of this association.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed the data of 5,052 women (15-49 years) who participated in the 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey. We derived the outcome variable from the question: \"how many days per week do you exercise?\" The responses were recoded as '0 = do not exercise' and '1/7 days = exercises'. All estimates were weighted. Cross-tabulations and two sets of binary logistic regression models were computed in STATA version 18. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most women exercised three or more days per week (59.6%) while 22.9% did not exercise at all. Women who were most of the time afraid of their partner had a 47% higher likelihood of engaging in exercise compared to those who were never afraid (COR = 1.47, 95%CI: 1.16-1.88). After adjusting for confounders, this association weakened but remained significant (AOR = 1.33, 95%CI: 1.03-1.71). Similarly, women who were sometimes afraid of their partner showed significantly higher odds of engaging in exercise in both crude (COR = 1.30, 95%CI: 1.11-1.53) and adjusted models (AOR = 1.23, 95%CI: 1.04-1.46). Increasing age, higher education levels, rural residency and media exposure were strongly associated with increased exercise engagement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reveals a positive association between fear in intimate relationships and women's engagement in exercise, suggesting that exercise may serve as a coping mechanism for some women experiencing relational fear. While these results contribute to the limited literature on the intersection of intimate partner dynamics and preventive health behaviors, they remain preliminary. Further research is needed to explore the causal pathways, contextual influences, and potential long-term implications of relational fear on exercise engagement.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12065175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}