Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"From broad strokes to fine details: qualitative research on the challenges of smart hospitals in Iran.","authors":"Neda Hoseini Abforosh, Hasan Abolghasem Gorji, Naser Derakhshani","doi":"10.1186/s41043-026-01334-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-026-01334-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nascent smart hospitals are developing as an essential yet challenging response to the healthcare industry's digital revolution. However, there is limited understanding of the lived experiences of the stakeholders involved in this transition, especially in countries like Iran, characterized by distinct structural, cultural, and technological factors that complicate the process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative, interview-based study involved 17 key stakeholders, including presidents, managers, experts, consultants, and healthcare professionals who engaged in the planning, development, or implementation of smart hospitals. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between February and April 2025, lasting from 20 to 126 min, and were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's six-phase thematic analysis approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The qualitative data analysis identified 10 themes, 25 sub-themes, and 151 detailed codes. These findings highlight the multifaceted challenges to smart hospital transformation, including systemic performance weaknesses, technological limitations, organizational inefficiencies, security and ethical risks, insufficient skills and literacy, weak decision-making and adoption, governance and policy gaps, financial and investment inefficiencies, global crises, and conceptual deficiencies. Overall, the results emphasize the multidimensional and context-dependent nature of the smartization process in healthcare.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study elucidates the challenges as well as the structural, cultural, and strategic requirements that must be addressed for the successful implementation of smart hospitals in Iran. The insights provided extend beyond a single national context, serving as a guide for understanding and navigating the global challenges of smart healthcare transformation for policymakers, hospital managers, investors, technology developers, consultants, and global health leaders who must collectively define the future of smart healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in prevalence and patterns of non-communicable disease multimorbidity across socioeconomic spectra in rural Southwest China.","authors":"Lan Liu, Jing-Jing Huang, Guo-Hui Li, Qing-Rou Bao, Rui-Min Shi, Fan Gu, Allison Rabkin Golden, Yuan Zhao, Le Cai","doi":"10.1186/s41043-026-01328-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-026-01328-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and multimorbidity continues to grow. This study aimed to uncover the changes in the prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity involving eight common NCDs across socioeconomic gradients in rural Southwest China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected through two waves of community-based, cross-sectional health interviews and physical examinations among individuals aged ≥ 35 years in rural Southwest China. Individual socioeconomic position (SEP) was constructed using principal component analysis. Association rule mining was employed to identify the NCD multimorbidity patterns of eight chronic conditions. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and post-bronchodilator spirometry were recorded for all participants. The survey's response rates of 98.9% in 2014 and 98.2% in 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2014 to 2024, the age-standardized prevalence of hypertension (35.6% vs. 52.4%), diabetes (8.9% vs. 10.4%), dyslipidemia (4.4% vs. 6.8%), obesity (7.3% vs. 11.7%), CHD (3.0% vs. 5.0%), stroke (2.3% vs. 3.3%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (3.4% vs. 4.2%), and multimorbidity of eight NCDs (14.5% vs. 22.8%) increased significantly (P < 0.01). This increasing rate was also observed across all subgroups by sex, age, level of education, level of income, access to medical services, and SEP (P < 0.05). In both 2014 and 2024, all NCD multimorbidity patterns involved hypertension. The most prevalent NCDs combination was hypertension + obesity in 2014 and hypertension + diabetes in 2024. Over this decade, the number of identified NCDs multimorbidity patterns increased across SEP subgroups, with the most pronounced increase observed in those with high SEP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of NCDs multimorbidity rose substantially across socioeconomic gradients from 2014 to 2024, and significant socioeconomic disparities were observed in temporal trends of NCDs multimorbidity patterns in rural Southwest China. Future interventions to improve prevention and management of NCDs multimorbidity must be tailored to account for socioeconomic factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional medicine use among adults living with hypertension in Cape Verde: A WHO STEPWISE study.","authors":"Joshua Okyere, Castro Ayebeng, Kwamena Sekyi Dickson","doi":"10.1186/s41043-026-01330-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-026-01330-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Like many African countries, the people of Cape Verde hold strongly to traditional heritage and customs, including the use of traditional medicine in treating ailments. While existing studies in Cape Verde have explored the use of traditional medicine in treating and managing infectious and parasitic diseases, such as malaria, little is known about its use among adults living with hypertension. Given the high prevalence of hypertension in Cape Verde, it is imperative to understand whether those living with the condition use traditional medicine. As such, we assess the factors associated with traditional medicine use among adults living with hypertension in the archipelago nation of Cape Verde.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed the 2020 WHO STEPS survey for Cape Verde. With a sample size of 1,008 men and women, we performed descriptive analysis as well as bivariable and multivariable logistic regression in STATA 18. Variables were selected into the multivariable logistic regression through a stepwise approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicate that 35.7% (95%CI: 31.5-40.2) of adults living with hypertension used traditional medicine. Women had more than twice the odds of using traditional medicine compared to men (AOR = 2.08, 95%CI: 1.48-2.92). Individuals aged 50 years and older had higher odds of using traditional medicine than those aged 18-29 years (AOR = 2.20; 95%CI: 1.01-4.81). Furthermore, those who did not consume alcohol had significantly higher odds of using traditional medicine compared to those who did (AOR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.10-1.99). Also, individuals in a hypertensive crisis stage had over twice the odds of using traditional medicine compared to those in the elevated hypertension stage (AOR = 2.45, 95%CI: 1.25-4.80).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides population level evidence that traditional medicine use is common among adults living with hypertension in Cape Verde, with more than one third reporting its use. It is shaped by demographic and behavioral factors including sex, age, alcohol consumption, and hypertensive crisis. These findings highlight the importance of routine clinical engagement and patient centered discussions regarding traditional medicine use among individuals with hypertension to support safe and coordinated disease management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body roundness index modified the association between sleep changes and multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults: a nationwide cohort study.","authors":"Jianping Liu, Yang Shi, Chunmei Song, Shufang Wang, Siyu Gu, Qinghe Li, Haijuan Chen","doi":"10.1186/s41043-026-01329-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-026-01329-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite established individual associations of poor sleep quality and obesity with multimorbidity, their potential joint association remains inadequately characterized. This study aimed to investigate how longitudinal changes in sleep patterns, combined with Body Roundness Index (BRI), a novel abdominal obesity indicator, impact the development of multimorbidity in middle-aged and older individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This longitudinal cohort study utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) spanning 2011 to 2018. Longitudinal changes in sleep quality and sleep duration were categorized as \"Stable Good\", \"Deteriorated\", \"Improved\", or \"Stable Poor\". Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to assess independent and joint associations with incident multimorbidity, adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,822 participants aged ≥ 45 years who were free of multimorbidity at baseline were included. During the follow-up period, 185 participants (10.2%) developed multimorbidity. In the overall population, elevated BRI change (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.07-1.61) and adverse sleep trajectories were significantly associated with incident multimorbidity. Specifically, participants with \"Deteriorated\" and \"Stable Poor\" sleep quality exhibited ORs of 2.21 (95% CI: 1.17-4.12) and 2.91 (95% CI: 1.57-5.37), respectively. Similarly, \"Deteriorated\" (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.09-2.39) and \"Stable Poor\" (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.01-2.46) sleep duration were associated with increased risk. Crucially, stratified analyses revealed that BRI changes significantly modified these associations. In the low BRI change group, sleep quality trajectories showed no significant association with multimorbidity. Conversely, in the high BRI change group, the risk was markedly amplified for those with \"Deteriorated\" (OR = 2.74, 95% CI: 1.11-6.71) and \"Stable Poor\" (OR = 4.48, 95% CI: 1.95-10.06) sleep quality. Regarding sleep duration, a significant association was exclusively observed in the \"Deteriorated\" group within the high BRI change group (OR = 2.36, 95% CI: 1.09-5.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates that adverse sleep trajectories and increasing BRI are independent risk factors for incident multimorbidity, and their combination synergistically amplifies risk. These findings highlight the importance of integrated interventions targeting both sleep health and abdominal obesity for multimorbidity prevention in aging populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147773533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malnutrition among men in Ghana: socio-demographic factors and rural-urban differences.","authors":"Fidelia A A Dake, Aaron Kobina Christian","doi":"10.1186/s41043-026-01325-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-026-01325-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research on malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ghana, has primarily focused on women and children, with less attention paid to men. We estimate the prevalence and examine the correlates and place differentials in malnutrition among Ghanaian adult males aged 20 to 59 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from the seventh round of the Ghana Living Standards Survey. The analytical sample includes 8,117 (weighted) adult males who had valid data on anthropometric measures and sociodemographic characteristics of interest. Malnutrition was assessed using respondents' body mass index (BMI). Respondents were classified as being underweight, normal weight, overweight/obese using the standard World Health Organization BMI cut-off points. Descriptive and multinomial logistic regression analysis techniques were employed in analyzing the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One in four (25.3%) adult males aged 20-59 years in Ghana were identified to be overweight/obese. Increasing age, being married, having at least junior high school education, being of middle or high wealth status and being a Christian or Moslem were associated with increased odds of being overweight/obese while living in a rural area and having access to improved water sources were associated with a lower likelihood of being overweight/obese.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Interventions on lifestyle behavior changes aimed at addressing overweight and obesity, including eating healthy diets and being physically active should target married, educated and wealthy men who are most at risk of being overweight/obese. Additionally, men need to be educated on the increased risk of overweight/obesity associated with increasing age and encouraged to adopt healthier lifestyles as they age.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147773544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting fast food avoidance behavior among male adolescents: a structural equation modeling approach to the theory of planned behavior.","authors":"Leila Ansarifard, Ali Al Dahi, Sarayel Behzadinezhad, Andishe Hamedi, Abdolrahim Asadollahi, Farzaneh Ghaleh Golab, Marguerite Claire Sendall, Ali Khani Jeihooni","doi":"10.1186/s41043-026-01320-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-026-01320-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fast food consumption is a growing public health concern, particularly among adolescents, due to its association with obesity and chronic diseases. Understanding the behavioral determinants of fast-food avoidance can inform the design of effective interventions targeting male adolescents.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the determinants of fast-food avoidance behaviors among male high school students in Shiraz, Iran, using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 862 male students in grades 1 and 2 of high school in Shiraz in 2025. A multi-stage sampling strategy was applied, whereby 16 high schools were randomly selected from four educational districts. Within selected schools, classes and students were recruited using a convenience-based approach, and all eligible students present in the selected classes were invited to participate. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and a validated TPB-based instrument assessing knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control (PBC), behavioral intention, and fast-food avoidance behavior. Data analysis was performed using JAMOVI (v2.5.6), and SEM was employed to test the hypothesized TPB model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final TPB model demonstrated excellent fit indices (χ²/df = 2.04, CFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.05). Attitude (β = 0.58), subjective norms (β = 0.34), and PBC (β = 0.26) significantly predicted behavioral intention (p < .001), which in turn strongly predicted fast-food avoidance behavior (β = 0.49, p < .001). PBC also had a direct effect on behavior (β = 0.31). Knowledge exerted an indirect effect on behavior through attitude and intention. Demographic variables, including parental education, household income, and maternal employment, were associated with TPB constructs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fast-food avoidance behaviors among male adolescents are primarily influenced by motivational and control beliefs. From a practical and policy perspective, school-based nutrition education programs and adolescent health policies should prioritize strengthening positive attitudes, enhancing perceived behavioral control, and reinforcing supportive social norms to promote healthier dietary behaviors and reduce fast-food consumption among adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147773513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A content analysis of 2023 Türkiye general election pledges on public health nutrition and related sustainable development goals.","authors":"Esra Nur Güner, Gönenç Uysal, Zeynep Begüm Kalyoncu Atasoy","doi":"10.1186/s41043-026-01299-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-026-01299-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147773522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring vitamin D levels and the impact of vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women with diabetes: meta-analysis.","authors":"Batool Heydarisadegh, Mehrdad Badkoobeh Hezaveh, Mahboubeh Saljoughi, Mohammad Javad Sanjari, Alireza Amirabadizadeh","doi":"10.1186/s41043-026-01316-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-026-01316-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147773525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monkeypox (Mpox): a comprehensive review of epidemiology, therapeutic advances, and public health implications.","authors":"Amit Verma, Sandeep Sharma, Gopal Lal Khatik, Ashish Suttee, Dinesh Kumar, Neeraj Choudhary, Suresh Babu Kondaveeti","doi":"10.1186/s41043-026-01323-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-026-01323-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147729119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Family involvement along the care continuum for small and sick newborns - attitudes and skills of healthcare providers in Ghana.","authors":"Christina Schuler, Faith Agbozo, Emmanuel Bansah, Richard Owusu, George Edward Ntow, Barbara Preusse-Bleuler, Riccardo E Pfister","doi":"10.1186/s41043-026-01300-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-026-01300-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13091272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147716895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}