Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"A mixed-methods nutrition, water, sanitation and hygiene knowledge, attitudes, and practices survey of IDPs, returnees, and host community members in four counties of Jonglei state, South Sudan.","authors":"Lynn Lieberman Lawry, Rachel Gabor, Jacques Katele, Lazarus Baak Madut, Katina Sommers, David Manuel, Claire Nadolski, Mounir Lado, Tracey Perez Koehlmoos, William Clemmer","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00789-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00789-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The humanitarian community in South Sudan estimates that 9.4 million people need humanitarian assistance in 2023. Prior data is unlikely to reflect the current health situation of Jonglei state given the influx of internally displaced persons (IDPs) and returnees.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional, randomly sampled, mixed-methods, population-based household study during a 4-week period in June-July 2023 in ten bomas in four counties of Jonglei, South Sudan. Snowball sampled qualitative interviews were used for triangulation of quantitative data. The study was conducted to understand nutrition and water, sanitation, and hygiene knowledge, attitudes, and practices of IDPs, returnees and the host communities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 859 households consented to the study (586 females and 273 males) with a response rate of 96% among females and 94% among males. Forty-two percent of households identified three or more strategies to prevent starvation or malnutrition. Up to a fifth of households were unable to identify any strategies to prevent starvation or malnutrition with the host community having the highest rate (20.2%) when compared to IDPs (13.4%; p = 0.018) or returnees (10.4%; p = 0.006). Only 34% of respondents could name three warning signs for when a child with diarrhea should be seen by a skilled provider. Only 26% of females exclusively breastfeed. Higher odds of breastfeeding included IDPs (aOR 1.11; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.03; p = 0.038), those educated on breastfeeding (aOR 1.18; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.35; p = 0.015) and those with positive nutrition attitudes (aOR 1.32; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.59; p = 005). Estimated household water usage ranged from 7.9 to 10.1 L/person/day. Based on qualitative triangulation, both nutrition and WASH traditional beliefs hinder adequate nutrition and create barriers to improvements in WASH.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Evidence based nutrition interventions should be the priority and include, at a minimum, micronutrient and vitamin supplementation, food fortification and adequate supplemental food for reproductive age females. Immediate and exclusive breastfeeding messaging should be a priority. Improved flood resistant sources for clean water, clean covered water storage container distribution, improved sanitation, oral rehydration solution (ORS) and zinc distribution and education are necessary to decrease diarrheal rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143501772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions of the mothers on the determinants of undernutrition in Rwanda: a qualitative study.","authors":"Marc Habineza, Maryse Umugwaneza, Lawrence Rugema, Fabrice Humura, Cyprien Munyanshongore","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00760-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00760-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Undernutrition is a serious public health concern that, despite numerous efforts to overcome, continues to persist. An integrated nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive intervention was implemented in Rwanda over a period of 5 years to combat undernutrition. Following this intervention, quasi-experimental quantitative studies revealed improvements in mothers' practice regarding Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF), resulting in increased achievement of the Minimum Acceptable Diet (MAD). The purpose of this study was to provide qualitative data on mothers' perceptions of the determinants of undernutrition to identify whether they understand what the determinants of undernutrition are, and what the possible barriers experienced are. By obtaining this information, the authors plan to use it to improve the integrated nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive intervention and to re implement this improved intervention in future. This qualitative study aimed to explore mothers' perceived understandings of the determinants of undernutrition and identify mothers' perceived barriers in addressing it.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a qualitative study carried out in four Districts, namely, Nyarugenge, Gasabo, Nyabihu and Ngororero. Data was obtained through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs). Overall six FGDs with ten mothers each and thirty KIIs were considered. Both deductive and inductive approaches were utilized to identify codes, with Atlas ti 7.5.18 as the software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two themes were generated from the data namely, mothers' perceived understandings of the determinants of undernutrition and mothers' perceived barriers related to the determinants of undernutrition. (1) Mothers had a good understanding of the determinants of undernutrition. (2) Knowledge was lacking in terms of practices related to IYCF, specifically complementary feeding initiation and practice. (3) Mothers were unsure of the association between hygiene and vaccination with undernutrition. (4) Participants from FGDs were likely less knowledgeable on the determinants of undernutrition. (5) Perceived barriers: poverty, ignorance, negative beliefs, maternal and child health issues, illnesses and inappropriate parental care practices.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nutrition education programme is needed to address knowledge gaps, and barriers identified should guide the improvement of nutrition interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143501781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Policy analysis of the Universal Public Health Insurance program for Afghan refugees in Iran: a protocol study.","authors":"Sahar Amuzadeh-Araei, Amirhossein Takian, Alireza Jabbari","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00782-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00782-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Given the recent global events leading to the migration of millions of people to various countries, this study seeks to identify the weaknesses and challenges in refugees' access to healthcare services and propose solutions to reduce the financial burden on the health system and enhance the effectiveness of the Universal Public Health Insurance (UPHI) program. The ultimate goal is to improve the health of Afghan refugees in Iran. Therefore, this study aims to examine the insurance policies of the seven countries with the highest number of refugees worldwide and compare them with Iran.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This is a qualitative study that will consist of three phases, encompassing a total of 7 steps. The initial phase involves conducting a comparative study among selected countries to identify UPHI coverage policies or programs for refugees. The second phase, which is the core of the study, involves analyzing health policies using the conceptual framework known as the \"policy triangle framework.\" In the final phase, a panel of experts will present policy proposals based on their experiences and in alignment with the identified cases. These proposals will be prioritized using a prioritization matrix and policy dialogue.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This research aims to examine the structural and policy challenges of health insurance for refugees in host countries, alongside an in-depth analysis of Iran's insurance policies. It seeks to propose solutions such as sustainable financing methods, facilitating access to health services, and improving coordination between governmental and international organizations to implement health policies for current and future refugee-hosting countries effectively. Furthermore, the findings of this study could effectively guide decision-making and resource management for policymakers in countries with refugee populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143472195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and facilitators to tuberculosis service access for patients in Bajhang, Nepal: a qualitative study based on focus groups with patients, screening camp visitors, community volunteers and medical doctors.","authors":"Emil Malla, Sachin Shahi, Birger Forsberg","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00788-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00788-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Efforts to achieve global tuberculosis (TB) targets, especially in lower- and middle-income countries, such as Nepal, require urgent attention. Challenges persist, including TB-related social stigma and catastrophic costs incurred by affected households. Socioeconomically vulnerable individuals, particularly those residing in rural, mountainous and remote areas, face limited access to TB care. To explore the barriers and facilitators to accessing TB care, this study was conducted in Bajhang, one of the most underdeveloped and socioeconomically vulnerable districts in Sudurpaschim Province of far-western Nepal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Focus group discussions (FGDs) were held with TB patients, TB camp visitors, community mobilizers and medical doctors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-five barriers and 21 facilitators were identified by thematic analysis of the eight FGDs. Key barriers included economic burdens, social stigma leading to concealment and isolation, limited resources in local healthcare and geographical inaccessibility. Notable facilitators included TB volunteer programs, screening camps, economic support, and awareness campaigns.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prioritizing actions should target early care cascade stages and address individual, community, infrastructure, and health policy levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge mapping of childhood infectious mononucleosis: a bibliometric analysis for the twenty-first century.","authors":"Zhengjiu Cui, Jinjuan Wang, Juanjuan Diao, Leiming Xi, Yueli Pan","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00781-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00781-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The incidence of infectious mononucleosis (IM) has increased in recent years, particularly in the pediatric population, and there are currently no specific drugs available, posing a threat to the lives and health of children worldwide. Although some results have been published, there is a lack of systematic review and summarization of current research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on screening criteria, literature on IM in children from 2000 to 2023 was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. The included literature's indicators (country, institution, journal, author, keywords, and references) were analyzed and visualized using Citespace, VOSviewer software, and the Bibliometrix program package.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 538 eligible publications were included in this study. The number of publications has been on an upward trend during this century, with great potential for future growth. The countries with the most publications are the USA and China, and Capital Medical University is the most contributing institution. Hjalgrim, Henrik and Cohen, Jeffrey, I are among the field's most influential authors and co-cited authors. Among the major journals, the JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY had the highest output and the JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES was the most frequently cited. The reference with the highest outbreak intensity was Ramagopalan, SV, LANCET NEUROLOGY, 2010. Through in-depth analysis of the keywords, we conclude that the characteristics of diagnosis and assessment of IM, the association of IM with other diseases, and interventions for IM are the current hot topics of research in the field and that the pathogenesis of IM due to EBV is a cutting-edge topic in the field. This study also analyzes the reasons for geographical research differences and proposes a new \"increasing quantity-improving quality-integrating\" cooperation model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study's hotspots and frontiers reflect the current status and trends in pediatric IM, and these findings provide important insights to guide future research and optimize therapeutic strategies. In the future, there is a need to strengthen international collaboration and cooperation, conduct RCTs with large sample sizes, and promote the development of new drugs in mechanism research.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body count- distribution, determinants and geographical mapping of lifetime sexual partners among Gen-X, Millennial and Gen-Z: hierarchical regression modelling study of nationally representative Indian survey.","authors":"Pritam Halder, Girish Jeer, Shivani Rathor, Manish Chandra Prabhakar, Ankita Chattopadhyay, Sushanta Sarkar, Anamika Das","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00777-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00777-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The number of lifetime sexual partners is a critical factor in public health, influencing the transmission of sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS. This study aims to explore the distribution, determinants, and geographical mapping of lifetime sexual partners among three generational cohorts in India-Generation X, Generation Y/ Millennials, and Generation Z-using data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were analysed from 149,665 participants (67,352 men and 80,313 women) from the NFHS-5 (2019-2021). Participants were categorized into Generation X (born 1981-1996), Millennials (born 1997-2010), and Generation Z (born 2010-2024). The primary outcome was the total number of lifetime sexual partners, with explanatory variables including demographic, socioeconomic, health-related, and behavioural factors. Hierarchical linear regression models were employed to assess associations and generate geographical mapping across Indian states and union territories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean number of lifetime sexual partners was higher in males (3.29) compared to females (2.40), with significant regional and generational variations. Males in the North-East regions reported the highest averages, particularly among Generation X. Significant determinants included religion, caste, employment status, and health insurance. Risky behaviours, such as smoking and alcohol consumption, were positively associated with the number of sexual partners in males, while comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge was linked to fewer partners across genders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights significant generational, gender, and regional disparities in sexual behaviour across India. The findings suggest the need for targeted public health interventions that address specific cultural and socioeconomic contexts, promote health awareness, and integrate sexual health education with broader efforts to reduce risky behaviours and gender-based violence.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global trends and burden of idiopathic epilepsy: regional and gender differences from 1990 to 2021 and future outlook.","authors":"Libo Xu, Mao Li, Zhenhao Wang, Qingsong Li","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00783-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00783-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Idiopathic epilepsy (IE) remains a significant neurological disorder, contributing to substantial global morbidity and mortality. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the global burden of IE from 1990 to 2021, focusing on trends in incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across different geographic regions. Additionally, the study projects IE burden trends through 2036, providing insights for future public health interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021). IE incidence, mortality, and DALYs were analyzed by age, sex, year, and geographic location. Age-standardized rates were computed to facilitate comparisons across countries and regions. Temporal trends in IE burden were evaluated using Joinpoint regression, while future trends were projected using the Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, there were approximately 3.27 million new cases of IE globally (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 2.4 to 4.13 million) and 140,000 deaths (95% UI: 120,000 to 150,000). Total DALYs reached 13.88 million (95% UI: 10.73 to 17.62 million). The global age-standardized incidence rate increased from 38.12 per 100,000 in 1990 to 42.82 per 100,000 in 2021. The Andean and Central Latin American regions exhibited the highest incidence rates, while East Asia and Oceania reported the lowest. Despite a decrease in the global age-standardized mortality rate from 2.07 per 100,000 in 1990 to 1.74 per 100,000 in 2021, mortality rates remained elevated in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Male patients showed consistently higher incidence, mortality, and DALY rates compared to females, with the highest burden observed in children under 5 years and adults over 60 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Over the past three decades, global IE incidence has steadily increased, while mortality and DALY rates have declined, especially in high-income countries. However, low- and middle-income regions continue to face significant challenges due to limited access to healthcare. Public health efforts must prioritize enhancing early diagnosis and treatment capabilities in these resource-limited areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between depression and nutritional status among the elderly adults with cardiovascular diseases in Northern Iran.","authors":"Narjes Salimzadeh, Fereshteh Besharati, Azar Darvishpour, Ehsan Kazemnezhad Leili","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00787-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00787-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malnutrition and depression among the elderly people with cardiovascular diseases are important public health concerns. This study made an attempt to determine the relationship between these people's depression and their nutritional status in northern Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 190 elderly patients hospitalized with cardiovascular diseases in Dr. Heshmat Heart Hospital in Rasht (Iran) in the 2022-2023. The research instruments included demographic information questionnaire, mini-nutritional assessment questionnaire, and geriatric depression scale. Data were analyzed by SPSS-21 software and using Chi-Square tests and ordinal logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The participants' mean age was 68.4 ± 6.5 and 50.5% of the participants were women.56.3% of the elderly participants suffered from malnutrition and 96.3% of them suffered from various degrees of depression. Additionally, there was a relationship between the participants' severity of depression and their nutritional status. Significant relationships were also observed between the participants' depression (OR = 1.28 and p < 0.001), marital status (OR = 1.52 and p = 0.006), and underlying diseases (OR = 0.814, p = 0.035) with nutritional status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the significant relationship depression with nutritional status in cardiovascular patients, early diagnosis and treatment of depression in these patients is essential to prevent the effects of depression on nutritional status and disease course.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11829529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143425371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the discriminatory capacity of traditional and novel anthropometric indices in cardiovascular disease risk factors, considering sex differences.","authors":"Behzad Ensan, Farzam Kamrani, Hanieh Gholamalizadeh, Mohsen Rezaee, Hamed Hashemi Shahri, Habibollah Esmaily, Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan, Mohsen Moohebati, Susan Darroudi","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00763-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00763-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) rates are rising rapidly worldwide, making it crucial to implement simple and effective screening measures to identify individuals at increased risk for CVD risk factors. This study aims to examine the relationship between innovative anthropometric indices and the occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors among the population of Mashhad, located in northeastern Iran, over a ten-year follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cohort study, a total of 9704 individuals aged 35-65 years were recruited at baseline, with 7560 individuals completing the study. Anthropometric indices were measured and calculated using standardized methods. After a 10-year follow-up, the incidence of hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia, obesity, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and their association with each anthropometric index were determined using Cox regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was employed to assess the predictive capacity of each index for the CVD risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that WHtR exhibited the strongest association with various CVD risk factors. However, the predictive capacity of BMI was higher than other indices in DM and MetS (AUCs: 0.69 and 0.78, respectively). Moreover, BMI, WHtR, and BRI showed equal discriminatory power to predict HTN (AUCs: 0.61). Our analysis indicated that Iranian individuals with a BMI of more than 24.71, 26, and 25.2 kg/m2 are at a 54%, 88%, and 121% increased risk for the development of HTN, DM, and MetS over 10 years; respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, BMI was identified as the most powerful predictor of CVD risk factors among the anthropometric indices examined. These findings support previous research indicating that BMI is a valuable screening tool for identifying individuals at higher risk of developing CVDs and associated conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11827265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of Phytochemical Index and oxidative balance score with bone Mineral density: a case-control study.","authors":"Marzieh Mahmoodi, Fateme Souni, Zainab Shateri, Atiyeh Sadat Hosseini, Mehran Nouri, Marzieh Ghadiri, Bahram Pourghassem Gargari","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00747-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00747-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Phytochemical index (PI) and oxidative balance score (OBS) have not been previously evaluated in women with osteoporosis. The present study aimed to investigate their relationship with bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The current case-control study included healthy postmenopausal women (n = 131) and postmenopausal women with abnormal BMD (osteopenia: T-score between - 1 and - 2.5; osteoporosis: T-score less than - 2.5) (n = 131). All participants were recruited from the Isfahan Bone Densitometry Center. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measured BMD at the lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck, expressed in grams per square centimeter. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assessed PI and OBS. Binary logistic regression was performed to analyze the association between PI and OBS with BMD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A positive association was observed between PI and both lumbar and femoral BMD (P < 0.001 for both of them). Similarly, a significant positive association was found between OBS and both lumbar and femoral BMD (P < 0.001 for both of them). Compared to the first tertile of PI, significantly higher odds of abnormal BMD were observed in the last tertile across all models (crude model: odds ratio (OR) = 0.25, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.13-0.46, P < 0.001 - adjusted model 1: OR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.12-0.44, P < 0.001 - adjusted model 2: OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.14-0.55, P < 0.001). Similarly, compared to the first tertile of OBS, higher odds of abnormal BMD were in the last tertile across all models (crude model: OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.13-0.47, P < 0.001 - adjusted model 1: OR = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.13-0.46, P < 0.001 - adjusted model 2: OR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.13-0.52, P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, the present study highlighted the important role of PI and OBS in abnormal BMD. The findings indicated that higher PI and OBS were inversely associated with the odds of abnormal BMD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11827369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}