Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Ultra-processed foods and risk of declined renal function: a dose-response meta-analysis of 786,216 participants.","authors":"Mohammad Ali Hojjati Kermani, Farhang Hameed Awlqadr, Sepide Talebi, Sanaz Mehrabani, Seyed Mojtaba Ghoreishy, Alexei Wong, Parsa Amirian, Mahsa Zarpoosh, Sajjad Moradi","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00799-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00799-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Earlier investigations have documented an association between elevated consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods (UPFs) and adverse renal outcomes. To explore this relationship further, we executed a comprehensive dose-response meta-analysis to examine the link between UPFs intake and the risk of declined renal function.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>A systematic search was completed utilizing the ISI Web of Science, Scopus, Embase as well as PubMed/MEDLINE databases (without any restrictions), up until September 5, 2024. Effect sizes of declined renal function were recalculated by applying a random effects model. The GRADE tool was adopted to assess the certainty of the evidence, while study quality and potential publication bias were examined via validated methods such as the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, Egger's regression asymmetry and Begg's rank correlation test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-three studies (comprising 786,216 participants) were incorporated in the quantitative analysis. The results demonstrated that a greater UPFs intake was significantly associated with an enhanced risk of declined renal function (RR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.23; I² = 68.8%; p < 0.001; n = 37). Additionally, we observed that each 1-serving-per-day increase in UPFs consumption was associated to a 5% greater risk of reduced renal function (RR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.09; I² = 80.9%; p = 0.013; n = 9). A positive, linear association between UPF intake and the risk of declined renal function (P_nonlinearity = 0.107, P_{dose-response} < 0.001) was further displayed in the non-linear dose-response analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Greater exposure to UPFs is positively associated with the risk of declined renal function. The information emphasizes the importance of considering UPFs in the prevention and management of adverse renal outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11916343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143648225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, regional, and national burden of neuroblastoma and peripheral nervous system tumours in individuals aged over 60 from 1990 to 2021: a trend analysis of global burden of disease study.","authors":"Zihan Ding, Yun Chen, Genbo Huang, Rongbo Liao, Houting Zhang, Shifa Zhou, XuKai Liu","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00810-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00810-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Elderly individuals diagnosed with neuroblastoma and peripheral nervous system tumours often have a poor prognosis. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive analysis on these conditions in older adults. This study aims to determine the global epidemiological trends of neuroblastoma and peripheral nervous system tumours (in individuals aged 60 and above).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We obtained cross-sectional data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) ( https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/ ). We assessed the burden of neuroblastoma and peripheral nervous system tumours in the elderly from 1990 to 2021 using indicators such as prevalence and incidence. These indicators were classified by global, national, and regional levels, further stratified by Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), age, and gender. The results are organized by SDI, age, and gender categories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1990 to 2021, the global age-standardised prevalence and incidence rates of neuroblastoma and peripheral nervous system tumours among the elderly increased from 0.06 (95% UI 0.05, 0.08) and 0.12 (95% UI 0.09, 0.15) per 100,000 to 0.11 (95% UI 0.09, 0.13) and 0.22 (95% UI 0.17, 0.26) per 100,000, respectively. Age-standardised mortality and DALY rates also rose. Central Europe had the highest age-standardised prevalence and incidence rates in 2021, while Eastern Europe had the highest DALY rate. East Asia reported the highest number of total cases and experienced the fastest growth, with significant increases in prevalence, incidence, mortality, and DALY rates. Gender disparities were evident, with elderly men showing higher rates than women, and greater EAPC values indicating a higher increase in disease burden over time. The highest age-specific rates were found in the 90-94 age group, while the 70-74 age group had the highest DALY burden.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The continuous rise in the incidence of neuroblastoma and peripheral nervous system tumours among the elderly highlights a pressing the necessity for focused public health measures and improved treatment approaches. Addressing the regional, gender, and age-related disparities requires a comprehensive approach that integrates medical advancements, social support, and public health policies. Future research should explore potential risk factors and innovative therapies to mitigate this growing global health challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11916991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between kidney function with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a prospective cohort study in China.","authors":"Jialiu He, Ya'nan Wan, Xikang Fan, Hao Yu, Yu Qin, Jian Su, Yan Lu, Enchun Pan, Dong Hang, Chong Shen, Jinyi Zhou, Ming Wu","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00809-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00809-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Abnormal kidney function is associated with adverse outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the evidence between kidney function and mortality among Chinese patients with T2DM were still limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cohort study included 19,919 participants with baseline T2DM from 2013 to 2014 in Jiangsu, China. Serum estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urea, and uric acid were measured at baseline, and Cox regression models were used to evaluate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidential intervals (95%CIs) of all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Restricted cubic splines were used to analyze dose-response relationships, and we explored the best cut-off values by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 9.77 years, 4,428 deaths occurred, including 1,542 (34.8%) due to cardiovascular disease (CVD), and 1,074 (24.3%) due to cancer. Compared to lowest quintile level (Q1), the highest quintile (Q5) of eGFR was negatively associated with all-cause (HR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.58-0.77) and CVD mortality (HR = 0.57, 95%CI = 0.44-0.75). The higher levels of urea and uric acid were positively associated with all-cause mortality (Q5 vs. Q1: HR = 1.27, 95%CI: 1.16-1.39; HR = 1.21, 95%CI: 1.10-1.34), with an overall \"U-shaped\" dose-response relationships. Moreover, higher urea was negatively associated with cancer mortality (Q5 vs. Q1: HR = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.66-0.95). The best cut-off values with all-cause mortality were 88.50 ml/min/1.73m², 6.95 mmol/L and 342.50 µmol/L for eGFR, urea, and uric acid, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found abnormal kidney function was associated with mortality among people with T2DM. More clinical researches are needed to validate the effects and cut-off values of kidney function on mortality risk for T2DM prevention and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between dietary vitamin B2 intake and helicobacter pylori infection in US adults: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yingxiu Huang, Ting Ao, Peng Zhen, Ming Hu","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00815-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00815-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a widely recognized factor in causing inflammation in the stomach and significantly increases the likelihood of developing gastric cancer. The relation between intake of vitamin B2 in the diet and testing positive for Helicobacter pylori is still unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study used data from the NHANES conducted in the United States in 1999-2000. Vitamin B2 consumption was measured from one 24-hour recall interview. H. pylori seropositivity was confirmed through an ELISA test measuring serum lgG protein levels. Multivariable logistic regression models, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed to evaluate the possible association between dietary vitamin B2 consumption and H. pylori seropositivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the total 2,859 participants, 1,257 had H. pylori seropositivity, with males making up 47.5% and the mean age was 49.7 years old. There was a significant inverse association between vitamin B2 intake and H. pylori [odds ratio (OR): 0.88, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.78-0.99), p = 0.031], after full adjustment for covariates. When dietary vitamin B2 analyzed as a categorical variable, the risk of H. pylori seropositivity in the highest quartile Q4 group decreased by 39% compared to lowest quartile Q1 (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.44-0.86, p = 0.004, Model 3). The findings of subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were constant and dependable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study implies that increased dietary vitamin B2 consumption may be related with a decreased incidence of Helicobacter pylori seropositivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"76"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating adherence of hospital meals to Mediterranean diet: the case of a developing country.","authors":"Hussein F Hassan, Dana Malli, Esraa Antar, Maroun Khattar, Nour Badereddine, Ferial Fattouh, Jana El Cheikh Mohamad, Sami El Khatib, Mohamad Abiad, Maha Hoteit","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00780-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00780-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess the nutritional composition of meals served to and consumed by patients in Lebanese hospitals and to evaluate the extent to which these meals adhere to Mediterranean diet guidelines. Conducted between April 2023 and September 2023, this cross-sectional study involved 155 in-patients from various departments across 16 hospitals in Lebanon. Food quantities served were measured, and nutritional analysis was performed to evaluate the nutritional content of meals provided and eaten by patients. On average, served meals weighed 1.24 kg (SD: 0.43), providing an average of 1489 kcal energy (SD: 546.55) and 72 g of protein per hospital bed per day. These meals typically met 79% of a patient's daily estimated energy requirement (EER). On the other hand, patients consumed an average of 0.85 kg of food, providing 1084.3 kcal energy (57.3% of EER) and 50 g of protein per day. The most served food group in hospitals was the 'grains and cereals' group. Compared to the Mediterranean diet, our results showed that hospitals exceeded the recommended servings for dairy and meat products, while they served less than the recommended amounts from the vegetables, fruits, legumes. Patients did not meet their daily requirements for almost all the macro- and micro-nutrients. This study highlights the importance of public health policies, interventions, and food service management strategies to ensure patients receive adequate diets aligned with their nutritional needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of nuts intake on cognitive and executive function in obese children: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Fatemeh Sheikhi, Amir Bagheri, Reza Amani, Aliakbar Foroughi, Mehdi Moradinazar, Mehnoosh Samadi","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00804-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00804-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood obesity is a significant, worldwide challenge disrupting various body organs including the brain. Studies suggest that nuts, rich in nutritional compounds, can improve cognitive function. This study aimed to investigate the effects of consuming nuts on improving cognitive and executive function in obese children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this randomized parallel clinical trial, ninety 8 to 10-year-old girls with obesity were divided into intervention (30 g of nuts/daily) and control groups (no nuts) for 8 weeks. Furthermore, the Wechsler Four (WISC-IV) questionnaire assessed children's cognitive function, and executive function was assessed by the behavior rating inventory of executive function (BRIEF) parental questionnaire. Linear mixed-effect models were done to survey the effects of nut intake on cognitive and executive function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty people with a mean age of 9 ± 0.7 years from each group cooperated to the end of the study. The intervention group showed a significant improvement in the total Wechsler score (differences: 23.1, 95% CI: 17.5, 28.7; P_Time×Group < 0.001) and total BRIEF score (differences: - 16.5, 95% CI: - 29.4, - 3.5; P_Time×Group < 0.05) compared to the control group. Moreover, other components of the Wechsler and BRIEF tests including picture completion, picture concept, block design, object assembly, short-term memory, digit span, inhibition, displacement, initiation, and organization were significantly improved in the nuts group compared to the control group after the 8th weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results underline the potential of nut consumption as a dietary intervention to improve cognitive function over an eight-week period, highlighting its role in supporting brain health and cognitive development of obese children.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generalized structural equation modeling of direct and indirect determinants of chronic undernutrition among under-five children in Ethiopia: further analysis of the 2019 mini Ethiopian demographic and health survey.","authors":"Abel Endawkie, Awoke Keleb, Tenagnework Dilnesa, Yawkal Tsega","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00792-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00792-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the global efforts and target to improve child nutrition and eliminate all forms of malnutrition by 2030, chronic undernutrition among under-five children is a major public health challenge in Ethiopia and it was 38%. The evidence of direct and indirect determinants based on the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) conceptual framework is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the direct, indirect, and total effects of determinants on chronic undernutrition among under-five children in Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study used the nationally representative weighted samples of 4,917 under-five children from the 2019 rounds of the DHS. A generalized structural equation model was used to determine the direct, indirect, and total effects of determinants on chronic undernutrition. The level of statistical significance was set at a p-value of less than 0.05.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The results indicated that children whose mothers had education have a 14% low odds of chronic undernutrition (AOR = 0.96, 95% CI; 0.7, 0.99). Those in urban residences had a 20% lower odds (AOR = 0.8, 95% CI; 0.49, 0.89), and children from better wealth index had a 10% lower odds (AOR = 0.9, 95% CI; 0.63, 0.98) of chronic undernutrition. In contrast, children with deprived living standards 2.7 (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI; 2.3, 3.1), and those with inadequate minimum dietary diversity (MDD) 1.69 (AOR = 1.69, 95% CI; 1.27, 2.3) times more likely to experience chronic undernutrition. Living standards through inadequate MDD (AOR = 1.04, 95% CI; 1.001, 1.25, residence through inadequate MDD (AOR = 1.04, 95% CI; 1.006, 1.1), wealth index via inadequate MDD (AOR = 1.01, 95% CI; 1.005, 1.02), and maternal education through antenatal care (ANC) (AOR = 0.88, 95%CI; 0.67, 0.99) had indirect effects on chronic undernutrition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study found out determinants like maternal education, urban residence, and better wealth index were directly reducing the likelihood of chronic undernutrition. Conversely, deprived living standards and inadequate MDD directly raised the odds of chronic undernutrition. Determinants such as deprived living standards, residence, wealth index, and maternal education indirectly affected chronic undernutrition through inadequate MDD and ANC. Therefore, the finding suggests that interventions should adopt a holistic approach that includes maternal education, wealth index, living standard, dietary diversity, and ANC for reducing chronic undernutrition among under-five children in Ethiopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"73"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11900606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of hearing ability on depression among retired middle-aged and elderly individuals in China: the chain mediating role of self-rated health and life satisfaction.","authors":"Juju Huang, Tengfei Liang, Cong Guo, Chunlin Zhang, Hui Xie","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00791-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00791-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The present study explored the relationship between hearing ability, self-rated health, life satisfaction, and depression among retired middle-aged and older adults in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research was based on data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). By applying linear regression models, we delved into the key factors influencing depression in middle-aged and elderly individuals. We utilized Spearman's rank correlation analysis techniques to reveal the interconnections among hearing ability, depression, self-rated health status, and life satisfaction. Additionally, we employed SPSS software tools to examine the potential mediating effects of self-rated health status and life satisfaction between hearing ability and depression.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>There was a significant positive correlation between hearing ability and self-rated health status as well as life satisfaction ( r > 0, P < 0.01), while a significant negative correlation with depression was observed ( r < 0, P < 0.01). Self-rated health status also showed a positive correlation with life satisfaction ( r > 0, P < 0.01) and a negative correlation with depression ( r < 0, P < 0.01). Furthermore, life satisfaction exhibited a negative correlation with depression ( r < 0, P < 0.01). Further analysis revealed that self-rated health status and life satisfaction play a significant chain mediating role between hearing ability and depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, our investigation underscores the pivotal mediating influence of self-rated health and life satisfaction in the nexus between hearing ability and depressive symptoms in retired middle-aged and older adults. The findings of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of the relationship between hearing and depression, providing valuable insights for alleviating depression in middle-aged and older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"70"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between dietary acid load and odds of prostate cancer: a case-control study.","authors":"Sanaz Mehranfar, Yahya Jalilpiran, Haleh Rahimi, Alireza Jafari, Leila Setayesh, Cain C T Clark, Shiva Faghih","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00811-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00811-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Conflicting results exist regarding the associations between dietary acid load (DAL) and cancer risk. This study aimed to investigate the association between DAL and the odds of prostate cancer (PC) in the Iranian population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and twenty participants (60 controls and 60 newly diagnosed PC patients) engaged in a hospital-based case-control study conducted from April to September 2015. A validated, 160-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess usual dietary intakes. DAL was calculated using potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP). Multivariate logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both PRAL (OR = 5.44; 95% CI = 2.09-14.17) and NEAP (OR = 4.88; 95% CI = 2.22-13.41) were associated with increased odds of PC in the crude model. After adjusting for potential confounders (energy intake, smoking, physical activity, ethnicity, job, education, and medication use), being in the third category of PRAL (OR = 3.42; 95% CI = 1.11-8.65) and NEAP (OR = 3.88; 95% CI = 1.26-9.55) were significantly associated with increased odds of PC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that dietary acid load may be linked to an increased risk of PC; however, further prospective studies with larger sample sizes and longer durations are necessary to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"72"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The global diet quality score (GDQS) of foods consumed by Nigerian adults.","authors":"Galya Bigman, Sally N Adebamowo, Clement A Adebamowo","doi":"10.1186/s41043-025-00764-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41043-025-00764-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Poor diet quality is a significant and modifiable risk factor associated with numerous non-communicable diseases. Despite its critical importance, there is a paucity of comprehensive data concerning diet quality in Nigeria. In this study, we evaluated the healthiness of food intake among Nigerian adults to identify the factors associated with them and seasonal variations in food consumption patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a validated semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). to collect dietary data from adults in Ibadan, Nigeria, on four occasions over two years. We assessed food intake healthiness using the Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS), which ranges from 0 to 49 based on 25 food groups, and its sub-metrics GDQS + (0-32, 16 food groups) and GDQS - (0-17, 9 food groups). We used Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) to examine the relationships between GDQS, demographic factors, and participants' dietary habits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 205 participants (110 women, 95 men) with mean(SD) age of 45.0(13.4) years and mean(SD) GDQS of 29.0(4.0). Some 91.7% of the participants had a GDQS ≥ 23, signifying a low risk of poor diet quality. The multivariable analysis showed that the GDQS of those who frequently consumed home-cooked meal was higher than those who did not by 2.04 (95%CI: 0.11 to 4.07). The GDQS + of men was higher than women by 1.64 (95%CI: 0.11 to 3.03). The GDQS - of men was 0.88 lower than that of women (95%CI: - 1.53 to - 0.24), while younger participants (< 40 years) had lower GDQS - compared to older (60 + years) participants (2.51, 95%CI: - 1.58 to - 3.43) indicating a higher intake of unhealthy foods by these groups. Most participants (~ 95%) reported low intake of cruciferous vegetable.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the overall healthiness of foods consumed by Nigerian adults and low risk of poor diet quality across seasons, men and younger adults tend to consume more unhealthy foods and fewer home cooked meals. Both genders, irrespective of age, had low intakes of cruciferous vegetables. These findings highlight opportunities for targeted interventions to improve the overall healthiness of dietary intakes among Nigerian adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":15969,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition","volume":"44 1","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11889919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}