Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface最新文献

{"title":"Network-Scale Dynamics of Alluvial Cover in a Mixed Bedrock-Alluvial River","authors":"Mel Oliveira Guirro,&nbsp;Rebecca Hodge,&nbsp;Fiona Clubb,&nbsp;Laura Turnbull","doi":"10.1029/2024JF007968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JF007968","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Limited understanding of how sediment cover varies spatially in mixed bedrock-alluvial river networks inhibits our comprehension of erosion processes in these systems. This study investigates the complex interactions between channel and sediment properties that control the extent, spatial distribution, and connectivity of alluvial cover in mixed bedrock-alluvial river networks. Employing a combination of field data, sediment transport modeling, and connectivity analysis, this study aims to understand the key drivers influencing sediment cover patterns at the network scale. Sediment transport simulations using the NetworkSedimentTransporter model explored how varying initial fluvial and channel parameters affect the steady-state alluvial cover across the River Carron network in the Scottish Highlands. The results demonstrate that increased initial sediment cover, increased sediment supply, and larger grains increased the extent and connectivity of alluvial sections, whereas deeper flow reduced them. In supply-limited conditions, the spatial distribution of alluvial cover is most sensitive to slope, while in transport-limited conditions, sediment supply and grain size become more critical. Even at high sediment supply rates, not all reaches achieved full alluviation, suggesting inherent limitations in sediment distribution. Additionally, channel slope was the most significant factor controlling the directional growth of alluvial sections. These findings contribute to the limited research on the controls of alluvial cover at the network scale, thereby improving our understanding of landscape evolution, river management, and habitat conservation of mixed bedrock-alluvial rivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":15887,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface","volume":"130 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JF007968","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Resolution Coral Records of Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium in Seawater Driven by Submarine Groundwater Discharge in a Basalt Island: A Case Study in the Northern South China Sea","authors":"Tingwu Gu,&nbsp;Wei Jiang,&nbsp;Yansong Han,&nbsp;Chunmei Feng,&nbsp;Ning Guo,&nbsp;Caifeng Liu,&nbsp;Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Kefu Yu","doi":"10.1029/2024JF008239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JF008239","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) are widely employed as tracers for oceanic geochemical processes, which require a thorough understanding of their sources, sinks, and drivers of variability in the marine environment. However, significant uncertainties exist in the marine REY cycle, the so-called “missing Nd flux,” particularly regarding the contribution of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and basalt weathering in volcanic islands. Here, we present a 10-year record of monthly <i>Porites</i> coral REY parameters from Weizhou Island, a volcanic island built up underwater from basalt eruptions during the Quaternary, to investigate the sources and seasonal characteristics of surface seawater REY. Results demonstrate a robust seasonal cycle in the coral Y/Ho ratios, exhibiting a strong correlation with the rainfall-controlled SGD on monthly timescales and East Asian Summer Monsoon on interannual timescales, both of which are associated with basalt weathering. Combined with multiple climatic and environmental data, we find that coral Nd_N/Yb_N ratios may be mainly controlled by precipitation associated with SGD and the adsorption-desorption processes of marine biogenic particles, whereas coral REY/Ca ratios are influenced by the remobilization of sediment driven by winter monsoon. Our research suggests that the high coral Y/Ho ratios may be primarily influenced by basalt weathering during the wet season, when SGD from the island is the chief source of REY to the coastal waters. This study provides new insights into the sources and characteristics of marine REY in volcanic islands, highlighting the potential for SGD-driven REY fluxes from basaltic islands.</p>","PeriodicalId":15887,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface","volume":"130 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Wildfire Soil Properties Changes: Insights Into Hillslope Erosion After the March 2024 Yajiang Fire","authors":"Yonghao Zhou,&nbsp;Kun He,&nbsp;Xiewen Hu,&nbsp;Xueqiang Gong,&nbsp;Tao Jin,&nbsp;Zhanglei Wu,&nbsp;Yutian Zhong","doi":"10.1029/2024JF008115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JF008115","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soil property changes influence material transport from hillslopes to channels after the wildfire and may indirectly trigger debris flow initiation. This study investigates post-fire soil property evolution and its role in hillslope erosion following the 15 March 2024 Yajiang Fire, integrating field measurements with laboratory simulations to quantify temperature- and duration-dependent soil changes and their controls. Results demonstrate that wildfire-driven soil organic matter alteration is governed predominantly by peak heating temperature and not exposure duration. Post-fire soil profiles are stratified into three thermal impact zones: (a) a high-temperature zone (&gt;600°C), characterized by complete organic matter combustion; (b) a water-repellent (WR) zone (100–600°C), subdivided into a highly WR layer, an aggregate stability (AS)-enhancement layer, and a low WR layer; and (c) an unaffected zone (&lt;100°C). The high-temperature zone and highly WR layer, mobilized by wind and gravity, accumulate in channels as dry ravel deposits, forming the primary source of immediate post-fire debris flows. The AS-enhancement layer, exhibiting improved aggregate stability, temporarily mitigates raindrop splash and interrill erosion of underlying soils prior to the first post-fire rainfall event. However, this layer delays but does not prevent deeper soil mobilization during subsequent intense runoff. These findings clarify temperature thresholds controlling post-fire soil zonation, highlight mechanisms linking soil property changes to debris flow initiation, and provide valuable data on post-fire hillslope erosion processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15887,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface","volume":"130 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constraining Erosion Rates and Landscape Evolution With In Situ 10Be and 26Al Cosmogenic Nuclides at Table Mountain, Antarctica","authors":"Jacob T. H. Anderson,&nbsp;David Fink,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Fujioka,&nbsp;Alan J. Hidy,&nbsp;Gary S. Wilson,&nbsp;Andrey Abramov,&nbsp;Nikita Demidov,&nbsp;Klaus Wilcken","doi":"10.1029/2024JF007911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JF007911","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates surface weathering and sediment preservation at Table Mountain, a high-elevation, hyperarid, polar landscape in the Transantarctic Mountains. We report cosmogenic nuclide concentrations (¹⁰Be and ²⁶Al) in quartz from bedrock surfaces, erratic boulder lag, and cobbles embedded within Sirius Group sediments to quantify erosion rates. In situ ¹⁰Be and ²⁶Al depth profiles from a 2.95 m permafrost core in the Sirius Group further constrain surface erosion rates and elucidate landscape stability. Measured ¹⁰Be and ²⁶Al concentrations from two sandstone bedrock surfaces adjacent to Sirius Group sediments give erosion rates of 0.18–0.28 m/Myr. An erratic sandstone boulder within the lag above the Sirius Group yields erosion rates of ∼0.42 ± 0.03 m/Myr, whereas two cobbles embedded within the Sirius Group yield higher rates of 0.81–1.12 m/Myr. Depth profiles of in situ ¹⁰Be and ²⁶Al indicate no vertical mixing of Sirius Group permafrost since deposition. Depth profile models are best explained by erosion rates of 0.53^+0.13/_−0.12 m/Myr, and an exposure age of 0.78^+0.06/_−0.08 Ma. We view the model “age” to represent the ∼0.8-million-year time-scale for surface lowering equivalent to one attenuation length of cosmic ray production to achieve steady-state conditions. Continual exhumation of embedded clasts from within the Sirius Group results in an accumulation of clasts forming the observed erosional lag deposit covering the landscape. Our erosion rates of the Sirius Group surface based on in situ ¹⁰Be and ²⁶Al depth profiles are an order-of-magnitude larger than those based on meteoric ¹⁰Be infiltration and further clarification is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":15887,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface","volume":"130 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JF007911","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Porous In-Stream Structures to Assess Their Implications on Flow Dynamics and Sediment Transport","authors":"Hojung You,&nbsp;Rafael O. Tinoco","doi":"10.1029/2024JF007861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JF007861","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In aquatic environments, the presence of porous obstacles induces intricate flow dynamics as the flow passes through and around them. These flows exhibit large local vertical and lateral gradients, influencing the evolution of downstream flow structures across various scales. In this study, we investigated flow around five idealized porous obstacles with varying porosity and pore arrangements using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). By introducing a two-layer model and computing turbulent kinetic energy budgets, we quantified jet velocity and length to predict the development of downstream flow structures. Recirculation zones were observed downstream of obstacles with small pore sizes, while forward flow motions prevailed downstream with larger pore sizes due to increased jet velocity and length. To study the effect of multiple porous obstacles, we installed a second obstacle at various downstream distances, which showed minimal influence on jet length and velocity once the distance between obstacles exceeded the jet length determined from single obstacle analysis, particularly with obstacles featuring large pore sizes. Our study identifies the need to properly characterize in-stream obstacles based on both their porosity and their representative pore sizes, as the jets created through the obstacles significantly alter the expected flow structures from solid-obstacle predictions. Based on the insights from the hydrodynamic study and using the balance between resistance and driving force of sediment motions, we discuss ecological and geomorphic applications in the vicinity of porous obstacles, highlighting the potential locations for sediment erosion and deposition.</p>","PeriodicalId":15887,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface","volume":"130 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JF007861","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radar-Derived Crystal Orientation Fabric Suggests Dynamic Stability at the Summit of Hercules Dome","authors":"B. H. Hills,&nbsp;N. Holschuh,&nbsp;A. O. Hoffman,&nbsp;A. N. Horlings,&nbsp;E. Erwin,&nbsp;L. R. Kirkpatrick,&nbsp;T. J. Fudge,&nbsp;E. J. Steig,&nbsp;K. Christianson","doi":"10.1029/2023JF007588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JF007588","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hercules Dome is a prospective ice-core site due to its setting in the bottleneck between East and West Antarctica. If ice from the last interglacial period has been preserved there, it could provide critical insight into the history of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. The likelihood of a continuous, well-resolved, easily interpretable climate record preserved in ice extracted from Hercules Dome depends in part on the persistence of ice-flow dynamics at the divide. Significant changes in ice drawdown on either side of the divide, toward the Ross or Ronne ice shelves, could change the relative thickness of layers and the deposition environment represented in the core. Here, we use radar sounding to survey the ice flow at Hercules Dome. Repeated radar acquisitions show that vertical velocities are consistent with expectations for an ice divide with a frozen bed. Polarimetric radar acquisitions capture the ice-crystal orientation fabric (COF) which develops as ice strains, so it depends on both the pattern of ice flow and the time over which flow has been consistent. We model the timescales for COF evolution, finding that the summit of Hercules Dome has been dynamically stable in its current configuration, at least over the last five thousand years, a time period during which the Antarctic ice sheet was undergoing significant retreat at its margins. The evident stability may result from a prominent bedrock ridge under the divide, which had not been previously surveyed and has therefore not been represented in the bed geometry of coarsely resolved ice-sheet models.</p>","PeriodicalId":15887,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface","volume":"130 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Widespread Expansion of Salt Marsh Pools Observed on Maine Marshes Since 2009","authors":"K. DeWater,&nbsp;W. Kochtitzky,&nbsp;R. Ellis,&nbsp;P. Merrill,&nbsp;M. Pittsley,&nbsp;P. Morgan,&nbsp;C. Burns,&nbsp;A. Campbell,&nbsp;S. Adamowicz","doi":"10.1029/2024JF007948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JF007948","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Salt marshes provide critical habitats, protect coastal infrastructure, and are increasingly exposed to sea level rise, with many having a history of agricultural use and ditching over the centuries. Pool area coverage can be considered an indicator of marsh health but is rarely quantified. In this study, we digitized marsh pools using aerial imagery to quantify changes in pool area and density on 12 salt marshes in Maine from 2009 to 2021 as a case study of marsh response to environmental changes. We categorized pools into three types: mega-pools, individual pools, and perimeter pools, based on morphology and examined whether pools remained singular, split, or combined. We found a 15.7% increase in pool area from 2009 to 2021 on all marshes, primarily driven by mega-pool expansion, whereas individual and perimeter pools remained relatively constant. The rate of pool expansion across all marshes was 49,000 m² a⁻¹ with mean mega-pool size 6,400 ± 400 m². There was an increase in pool count per km² on all marshes except for the York River marsh, which still experienced area expansion. Pools primarily increase in cover through merging or being engulfed by mega-pools. Area cover change was not substantial when pools remained singular, split into many pools, or were only present in 2009 or 2021. Mega-pools were larger on lower marsh elevations and expanded at a greater rate when overlapping ditches, suggesting influence by sea level rise and historic agriculture. Marsh restoration projects that promote the drainage and re-vegetation of mega-pools may reverse this trend.</p>","PeriodicalId":15887,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface","volume":"130 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JF007948","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controls of Morphometric and Climatic Catchment Characteristics on Debris Flow and Flood Hazard on Alluvial Fans in High Mountain Asia: A Machine Learning Approach","authors":"Varvara O. Bazilova,&nbsp;Tjalling de Haas,&nbsp;Walter W. Immerzeel","doi":"10.1029/2024JF008029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JF008029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Debris flows and floods pose considerable hazards to populated areas of High Mountain Asia (HMA). Debris flows are generally more hazardous than floods, and therefore identification of process type is important for hazard assessment and mitigation. Prior statistical assessments, though informative, typically considered a limited number of parameters, excluded climatic variables, and failed to address classification probability and uncertainty. Here we developed a machine learning model to determine process type and its likelihood for a diverse set of 1,793 catchments in HMA using a wide range of morphometric and climatic parameters. We classified the alluvial fans of these catchments as either debris flow or flood dominated based on surface morphology. A data set of morphometric (e.g., catchment area, slope, relief, Melton ratio) and climatic features (e.g., temperature and precipitation regime, freeze–thaw cycles, glacier and permafrost presence) per catchment was subsequently built, and a CatBoost machine learning model to quantify debris flow and flood probabilities was employed. The CatBoost model has a high classification accuracy compared to traditional approaches, and offers the advantage of providing classification uncertainty. Results show that catchment slope, area, and perimeter are the main morphometric controls on process type across HMA, in line with previous work, and further show that including climate information leads to a minor improvement of model performance. These findings shed light on controls on debris flow and flood occurrence in mountainous area, showcase the potential of machine learning models in mountain hazard research, and provide insights for assessing risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":15887,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface","volume":"130 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JF008029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated Mapping of Braided Palaeochannels From Optical Images With Deep Learning Methods","authors":"F. Vanzani,&nbsp;P. Carbonneau,&nbsp;A. Fontana","doi":"10.1029/2024JF008051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JF008051","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increasing availability of remotely sensed data has provided an enormous quantity of information for studying the geomorphology of exposed surfaces of alluvial plains. In many cases, the key for reconstructing their formation lies in the recognition of optical traces related to abandoned palaeochannels and their morphometric characteristics. Abundant braided palaeohydrographic traces are documented in alluvial plains of northern Italy, where large sectors of the present surface correspond to landforms related to fluvioglacial systems supplied by Alpine glaciers during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Nevertheless, the complexity of multichannel patterns, the overlapping field division systems and urbanization, hinder the efforts to manually map these traces. In this work, we used high-resolution aerial photos of the proximal sector of the Friulian Plain (NE Italy) to train an Attention-UNet deep learning algorithm to segment palaeohydrographic traces. The trained model was used to automatically recognize braided palaeochannels over 232 km². The resulting map represents a significant step for investigating the long-term alluvial dynamics. Moreover, we assessed the robustness of our method by deploying the model in three other areas in northern Italy with comparable characteristics, as well as in Montenegro, near Podgorica. In each case, the braided pattern was successfully mapped by the algorithm. This work highlights the breakthrough potential of deep learning methods to rapidly detect complex geomorphological traces in cultivated plains, taking into consideration advantages, challenges and limitations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15887,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface","volume":"130 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JF008051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143446662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knickpoint Dynamics During the Outward Growth of the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Zhengchen Li,&nbsp;Xianyan Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoping Yuan,&nbsp;Chuanqi He,&nbsp;Qi Su,&nbsp;Huayu Lu","doi":"10.1029/2024JF007820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JF007820","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mountain-building events often initiate fluvial erosion waves that usually propagate upstream. Previous studies have delved into the erosion wave, manifested as knickpoint migration, presuming a spatially consistent uplift of plateaus. However, the expansion of plateaus can spatially result in spatially variable rock uplift rates across different regions, complicating our understanding of knickpoint dynamics. In this study, conducted at the edge of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, we investigated the impact of plateau expansion on erosion wave processes within the upper Yellow River basin. Through river profile analyses and landscape evolution simulations, we reveal that the continuous outward expansion of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau into its periphery has induced localized uplift followed by erosion. Subsequently, an erosion wave migrated headward along the Yellow River during the Pleistocene. Observations from the Digital Elevation Model and modeling results show that this erosion wave spread within the tectonically active sub-block at the margin of the plateau, but did not continue further upstream. In contrast, modeling results suggest that erosion waves would consistently migrate upstream under conditions of spatially uniform rock uplift. Our findings highlight that spatially variable rock uplift rates, driven by the expansion of the plateau, are crucial in determining whether fluvial erosion waves migrate or remain stationary. This refined understanding of knickpoint dynamics during plateau development offers insights into the persistence of relict high-elevation and low-relief landscapes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15887,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface","volume":"130 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}