Journal of Food Composition and Analysis最新文献

{"title":"Smartphone-based colorimetric sensor for on-site and tri-mode detection of ascorbic acid using Zn/Co bimetallic organic framework-derived nanozymes","authors":"Mengdi Liang ,&nbsp;Zhenlian Han ,&nbsp;Mengru Li ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Shen ,&nbsp;Zhengwei Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Geng ,&nbsp;Xiang Li ,&nbsp;Yongbo Cao ,&nbsp;Hao Shi ,&nbsp;Xiangqian Li ,&nbsp;Shuai He ,&nbsp;Pei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ascorbic acid (AA) is vital for health, and its quick, accurate detection is crucial for food safety and health diagnostics. Traditional methods are often complex and expensive, limiting on-site use. To address this, we developed a smartphone-based colorimetric sensor using Zn/Co bimetallic organic framework-derived nanozymes (BiM-ZIF-C) for rapid AA detection. The nanozymes, synthesized via room-temperature pyrolysis, feature a uniform dispersion and a rich oxygen vacancy structure resembling a bunch of grapes. These nanozymes exhibit strong peroxidase-like activity, catalyzing the oxidation of TMB to a blue product, which is inhibited by AA. The sensor detects AA through three modes: visual, colorimetric, and smartphone-assisted. The linear detection range was 0.2–4.5 mM in visual mode and 0.01–0.2 mM in colorimetric mode, with limits of detection of 2 mM and 2.01 μM, respectively. The smartphone system, integrated with custom optical devices and software, achieved a similar performance with a limit of detection of 2.26 μM. The method was validated using vitamin C tablets, with results consistent with those obtained by traditional spectrophotometric techniques. This portable, tri-mode detection system presents a cost-effective, rapid solution for on-site AA monitoring, with promising applications in food safety and health diagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 107334"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of freeze-thaw cycles on raw beef quality deterioration and quality prediction using Hidden Markov model analysis","authors":"Jinghao Zhou ,&nbsp;Peng Deng ,&nbsp;Kun Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiuming Chen ,&nbsp;Maomao Zeng ,&nbsp;Zhiyong He ,&nbsp;Jie Chen ,&nbsp;Zhaojun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of freezing time on the quality of raw beef was investigated in this study. The essential components, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values, and protein carbonyl content were monitored during freeze-thaw cycles. There were obvious protein and lipid oxidation during the freeze-thaw cycles. The carbonyl content and TBARS values increase from 1.90 ± 0.01 mmol/mg protein and 0.23 ± 0.01 mg/kg of the control group to 2.27 ± 0.03 mmol/mg protein and 0.51 ± 0.02 mg/kg at 7 freeze-thaw cycles. The findings confirmed that freeze-thaw cycles can serve as an acceleration method for freezing storage. The acceleration model was reliable for up to 3 freeze-thaw cycles, with one freeze-thaw cycle being equivalent to 30 days of freezing storage. However, similarity to actual freezing storage decreased rapidly after 3 freeze-thaw cycles. The Hidden Markov Model (HMM) successfully classified and predicted quality changes in raw beef during freezing storage. It accurately predicted the quality level at specific time interval and determined shelf life by tracking the transition from fresh to spoiled state. Overall, HMM proved to be an effective tool for predicting quality changes in raw beef during freezing storage, promoting the maximum utilization of freezing beef.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 107327"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143265378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimized application of UV-C radiation in human milk: Combined effects on microbiological control of total coliforms and Lactobacillus spp., and the quality of fatty acids and minerals","authors":"Cintia Stefhany Ripke Ferreira ,&nbsp;Eloize Silva Alves ,&nbsp;Amanda Gouveia Mizuta ,&nbsp;Lucas Ulisses Rovigatti Chiavelli ,&nbsp;Benício Alves de Abreu Filho ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Meneghetti Pontes ,&nbsp;Jane Martha Graton Mikcha ,&nbsp;Oscar Oliveira Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In human milk banks (HMBs) Holder pasteurization (HOP) is widely used for the treatment of human milk (HM). However, considerable challenges arise due to the technique eradicating <em>Lactobacillus</em> spp. and drastically reducing the concentration of fatty acids after treatment. We evaluated the effect of short-wave ultraviolet radiation (UV-C) under optimized conditions of time and distance, providing an alternative to HOP concerning the inactivation of the coliform group and maintenance of HM components. The results demonstrated that UV-C ensured inactivation of the coliform group, with a reduction of 28 colony-forming units (CFU/mL). Moreover, in an innovative manner, it preserved <em>Lactobacillus</em> spp. at values exceeding 4 log CFU/mL, whereas HOP eliminated these essential probiotics for neonatal development, with a reduction of 5.48 log CFU/mL. UV-C also showed minimal loss in the total composition of unsaturated fatty acids and maintained mineral content. Therefore, UV-C offers technological advantages as a strategy for HMBs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 107332"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143265379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paper-based biosensing using single-stranded oligonucleotide aptamers for enhanced food safety","authors":"Kiyana Fatemi ,&nbsp;Sie Yon Lau ,&nbsp;Reza Fatemi ,&nbsp;Ranil Coorey ,&nbsp;Zoheir Heshmatipour ,&nbsp;Lip Yong Chung ,&nbsp;Siaw Fui Kiew","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paper-based aptasensors have shown great promise in food composition analysis and safety screening, emerging as a state-of-the-art method for detecting contaminants and pathogens in food products. Accurate and prompt food composition and contaminants detection is essential to avoid foodborne illnesses. The use of paper-based aptasensors, which offer on-site and reasonably priced diagnostics for analyzing food composition and identifying harmful substances, is emphasized in this review. Because single-stranded oligonucleotides have high selectivity and affinity for specific food components, contaminants, or pathogens,these sensors are used for food analysis and safety monitoring, an essential part of monitoring food safety. The latest developments in paper-based aptasensors are examined, emphasizing sensitivity, specificity, and enhancements in environmental adaptability. Recent advancements in aptamer design have enabled the detection of key food components such as allergens, toxins, and nutritional markers, alongside pathogens. Colorimetric and electrochemical techniques provide rapid, cost-effective detection, while microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (PADs) facilitate quick, on-site diagnostics. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, such as improving long-term stability, achieving ultra-low detection limits, and scaling up production for broader accessibility. This review thoroughly analyzes their advantages and limitations, analyzing the potential for widespread and sustainable applications of paper-based aptasensors in food composition analysis and safety monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 107331"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on rapid non-destructive detection of tannin and protein content in sorghum based on multi-output Gaussian process","authors":"Jin-Yi Zhao ,&nbsp;Zheng-Guang Chen ,&nbsp;Shuo Liu ,&nbsp;Jin-Ming Liu ,&nbsp;Peng-Hui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sorghum grains' tannin and protein content significantly affect their quality and uses. To address the time-consuming and high-cost issues associated with conventional techniques, this study utilizes near-infrared spectroscopy technology combined with chemometric methods to achieve rapid and non-destructive detection of tannin and protein content in sorghum. Sorghum grains with tannin content of 0.47 % −3.21 % and protein content of 5.37 % −8.23 % were taken as samples, data preprocessing was performed using Standard Normal Variate Transformation (SNV), and the sample set was partitioned using the sample set partitioning based on joint X-Y distances (SPXY) algorithm. A Multi-Output Gaussian Process Regression (MOGPR) model was established and compared with models such as Single-Output Gaussian Process Regression (SOGPR), Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR), and Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN). The results indicate that the Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) model significantly outperforms the PLSR and BPNN models, and the MOGPR model clearly surpasses the SOGPR model. In the prediction sets for tannin and protein, R_P² values are 0.9790 and 0.9500, RMSEP values are 0.0587 and 0.1699, and RPD values are 6.8928 and 4.4710, respectively. The results indicate that the MOGPR model established using near-infrared spectroscopy in conjunction with chemometrics is more suitable for the rapid and non-destructive detection of tannins and proteins in sorghum.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 107326"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating a rapid enzymatic assay vs. ultra-high performance liquid chromatography for free asparagine determination in pea and lentil seeds","authors":"Amanda G.A. Sá ,&nbsp;Zeta Ward ,&nbsp;Allegra Crang ,&nbsp;Jason Neufeld ,&nbsp;Kirstin E. Bett ,&nbsp;Thomas D. Warkentin ,&nbsp;James D. House","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acrylamide, a class 2 A carcinogen, raises significant food safety concerns. The free amino acid asparagine (ASN) is a precursor of acrylamide formation in foods after high-temperature processing; therefore, accurate measurement of free ASN is essential for risk assessment. This study aimed to compare free ASN determination methods, using a novel rapid enzymatic assay with an established ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) method, in seeds of field pea (<em>Pisum sativum</em> L.) and lentil (<em>Lens culinaris</em>), important crops and sources of plant-based protein. Quality parameters, such as sensitivity, percentage error, and precision were evaluated. The rapid enzymatic assay demonstrated consistent low percentage error (&lt; 1.7 %) and high precision (CV% &lt; 1.20) compared to the UHPLC technique (error from 4.9 % to 14.8 % and CV% &lt; 0.94). A high Pearson correlation (<em>r</em> &gt; 0.996) between techniques confirmed the enzymatic assay’s reliability for routine asparagine quantification in simple laboratory and industrial settings. These findings support the potential of using a reliable, rapid, and user-friendly technique that eliminates the requirements of sophisticated instrumentation and complex sample preparation for free ASN analysis, and underscore the need for further research on pulse flour to manage acrylamide risks effectively in processed foods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 107333"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143265377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-feature fusion based method for detecting the moisture content of withered black tea","authors":"Fengle Zhu ,&nbsp;Haohao Wei ,&nbsp;Yuecheng Shen ,&nbsp;Yuqian Zhang ,&nbsp;Ning Xu ,&nbsp;Hao Zheng ,&nbsp;Xin Qiao ,&nbsp;Dengtao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a multi-feature fusion-based method for detecting the moisture content of withered black tea. Hyperspectral images at different withering stages were collected, and their spectra, texture and shape features were extracted. Texture features were extracted using the Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM). This approach described the spatial relationships between neighboring or adjacent pixels for calculating the texture characteristics of tea leaves during the withering process. Shape features were extracted through dimensionality reduction applied to the features extracted by a pre-trained Visual Geometry Group 19 (VGG-19) deep convolutional neural network. VGG-19 was capable of extracting low-level image features, such as edges and contours, representing the shape changes in tea leaves caused by moisture loss. These features were then fused with spectral features to build detection models. The impact of spectra, texture, and shape features on prediction accuracy was analyzed using five types of regressors. Results showed substantial improvement in prediction accuracy with multi-feature fusion. For the best partial least squares regression (PLSR) model, fusing all three features achieved a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.7968 on the test set, improving by 0.0506, 0.054, and 0.0596 compared to models using individual spectra, texture, and shape features, respectively. The proposed method was also validated with an external dataset, consisting of 72 samples, covering two different tea varieties in two seasons. On the external dataset, the PLSR model maintained good generalization, with an R² of 0.7384, improving by 0.1027, 0.1097, and 0.1326 over individual features. This demonstrates that the fusion of spectra, texture, and shape features significantly improves the model's accuracy and robustness across different tea varieties and seasonal variations. This study provides a fast, non-destructive detection method of moisture content in withered black tea, which can facilitate more precise monitoring of the withering process and ensure consistent quality in large-scale tea production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 107325"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison and analysis for exclusively expressed sites of milk fat globule membrane phosphoproteins between human and bovine milk based on label-free phosphoproteomic","authors":"Xiaoyu Liu ,&nbsp;Xue Bai ,&nbsp;Bingfen Li ,&nbsp;Jiahong Qiu ,&nbsp;Jingli Sun ,&nbsp;Mei Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteins, which serve as nutritional components in infant formulas, have garnered increasing attention. This study investigates the exclusively expressed MFGM protein phosphorylation of human milk (HM) and bovine milk (BM) using label-free phosphoproteomics. The results indicate that 188 exclusively phosphorylated sites were identified on 105 phosphoproteins in HM, while 267 exclusively phosphorylated sites were identified on 149 phosphoproteins in BM. Osteopontin and Perilipin-2 demonstrated the highest number of phosphorylation sites in HM and BM. Bioinformatics function analysis revealed that phosphorylated proteins in human MFGM were primarily involved in development and immune-related functions, whereas phosphorylated proteins in bovine MFGM were predominantly associated with signal response functions. Thirteen key MFGM proteins were identified by screening. Notably, Butyrophilin subfamily 1 member A1 (BTN1A1), Complement C3 (C3), and Lactadherin (MFGE8) were contributed to accurately mimic. This research is instrumental in bridging the disparity between HM and BM-based formulas, as well as elucidating the role of MFGM protein phosphorylation in infant formula milk powder industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 107328"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compositional and nutritional insights into Mediterranean sea cucumbers: A study on Holothuria polii and Holothuria tubulosa from Southern Italy","authors":"Gabriella Di Lena ,&nbsp;Jose Sanchez del Pulgar ,&nbsp;Massimo Lucarini ,&nbsp;Arnold Rakaj ,&nbsp;Massimo Rampacci ,&nbsp;Stefano Ferrari Nicoli ,&nbsp;Altero Aguzzi ,&nbsp;Irene Casini ,&nbsp;Paolo Gabrielli ,&nbsp;Roberto Caproni","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sea cucumbers are marine invertebrates with important ecological roles and a food delicacy with high market value. This study investigated the compositional profile and nutritional features of two Mediterranean sea cucumbers<em>, Holothuria polii</em> and <em>Holothuria tubulosa,</em> harvested in Adriatic Sea and Ionian Sea, Southern Italy<em>.</em> The macronutrients were determined by AOAC methods. The minerals were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) and fatty acids by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/Flame Ionization Detector (GC-MS/FID). Total mercury content was analyzed by Thermal Decomposition–Amalgamation–Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Results showed that holothurians from the two basins are good protein (average 38–60 % dry mass) and mineral (32–37 % dry mass) sources, have a very low lipid content (1–3.7 % dry mass) and negligible mercury levels (0.016–0.038 mg kg⁻¹ dry mass). <em>H. polii</em> showed a higher nutrient density, especially regarding minerals, with calcium, sodium and magnesium as the major ones. The analysis of fatty acid profiles enabled the identification of specific markers, reflecting habitat characteristics, seasonality, and dietary attitudes of holothurians. High percentages of arachidonic acid (47–65 % of total polyunsaturated fatty acids) and remarkable levels of branched-chain (6–9 % of total fatty acids) and odd-chain saturated fatty acids (1.7–3.8 % of total fatty acids), trophic markers of benthic food webs and sediment microbiota, were characterizing traits. Principal Component Analysis showed a neat discrimination of holothurians based on the species and harvesting site. Results underscore the nutritional properties of Mediterranean holothurian as part of a balanced diet, highlighting their potentialities as sources of molecules of nutritional and nutraceutical interest.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 107315"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health risks of trace element concentrations in commercial fish gathered from Greater Cairo fish markets, Egypt","authors":"Ahmed A. El‑Kady ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Mahrous M. Abbas ,&nbsp;Terry L. Wade","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A suit of 22 trace element concentrations, TECs (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Li, Mn, Se, Ag, Zn, Be, V, Co, Ni, Sr, Sn, Sb, Ti and Hg) in the freshwater and marine fish collected from Greater Cairo, Egypt commercial markets employed ICP-MS trace elements &amp; CVAAS for mercury. Fillet TECs had the highest to lowest accumulated were Fe &gt; Zn &gt; Al &gt; As &gt; Sr &gt; Se &gt; Cu &gt; Ba &gt; Mn &gt; Sn &gt; Cr &gt; Ni &gt; V &gt; Ti &gt; Li &gt; Pb &gt; Cd &gt; Sb &gt; Co &gt; Hg &gt; Ag &gt; Be. The muscle levels of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Fe, Sn, Pb, Zn, Mn, Hg, and Sb in the marketed fish were below the MRLs. The contamination degree for TECs was ≤ 1, indicating only a minimal contamination limit for these marketed fish, except for As (1.09–3.38), Cr (1.01–1.21), and Se (1.037–1.52). The metal pollution index values (MPI-TECs) when assessed by species ranked from lowest to highest risk are Bori (0.049) &lt; Shaoor &lt; Maghazel &lt; Sardine &lt; Makrona &lt; Bayad &lt; Shefsh &lt; Topara &lt; Morgan &lt; Tilapia &lt; Qarmout (0.139). From the human health perspective, arsenic poses a carcinogenic risk to both normal and habitual consumers of these fish, as the values of cancer risk of arsenic were higher than the acceptable value of 1E−4. These As concentrations should be regarded from a human health perspective and a warning to alert normal high consumption rates for some fish species should be considered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 107320"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143265736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}