Journal of Food Composition and Analysis最新文献

{"title":"Millets: Nutrient-rich and climate-resilient crops for sustainable agriculture and diverse culinary applications","authors":"Avinash Sharma ,&nbsp;Stanislaus Antony Ceasar ,&nbsp;Himanshu Pandey ,&nbsp;V.S. Devadas ,&nbsp;Ajith Kumar Kesavan ,&nbsp;Punabati Heisnam ,&nbsp;Amit Vashishth ,&nbsp;Varucha Misra ,&nbsp;Ashutosh Kumar Mall","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Millets have been recognized for their health benefits, resilience in challenging environments, and versatility in cuisine, making them essential to global agriculture and foods. This review examines their phenology, stress responses, carbon footprint, biofortification, and diverse culinary applications. Millets adapt well to adverse climatic conditions, thriving in marginal lands with limited inputs. Their efficient root systems contribute to drought tolerance and efficient water use. Millets utilize complex biochemical and molecular mechanisms with antioxidant defense systems and regulating gene expression to enhance resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses. Transcription factors like WRKY, bZIP, and MYB regulate signaling networks, enhancing abiotic stress tolerance. Millets have a lower carbon footprint, with pearl millet and sorghum emitting 3218 kg CO2 eq/ha and 3358 kg CO2 eq/ha, respectively, versus 3700–9900 kg CO2 eq/ha for major cereals. Additionally, millets exhibit superior carbon sequestration, storing 499.6–4024.7 C mg/ha/year. Nutritionally, millets are powerhouses, rich in essential minerals and packed with dietary fiber and protein. Pearl millet contains 3–4 mg/100 g zinc and 4–8 mg/100 g iron, while finger millet contains 344 mg/100 g calcium. Biofortification efforts have shown promise in enhancing millet nutritional profiles through germplasm characterization, genomic approaches, conventional breeding, genetic engineering, and agronomic interventions. In culinary applications, millets are incorporated into a variety of value-added products. Future millet research should focus on leveraging genomic and breeding advancements like CRISPR-Cas tools to develop high-yielding, stress-tolerant varieties with improved traits. Biofortification efforts should aim to enhance nutritional profiles, reduce antinutritional factors, and explore the potential of underutilized millet species. Developing efficient processing technologies, particularly for small-scale operations, will be crucial for wider adoption and utilization of millets in various food applications. The integration of millets into sustainable food systems and climate-smart agriculture is crucial for enhancing food security and environmental sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 106984"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A modified method for the simultaneous determination of fluindapyr and its metabolites residues in vegetables and fruits by SPE and UHPLCMS/MS","authors":"Wei Han ,&nbsp;Hongxia Tang ,&nbsp;Li Zhao ,&nbsp;Yubo Li ,&nbsp;Dianying Men ,&nbsp;Maofeng Dong ,&nbsp;Lijun Han ,&nbsp;Weimin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A sensitive and reliable method for the determination of fluindapyr residue and its five metabolites is necessary in its registration, application and dissipation researches. Two typical national standard multi-residue analytical methods that involved fluindapyr was validated in this study, and the results found that both the methods gave low recoveries for one or more analytes and were not satisfied for detecting the residues of fluindapyr and its metabolites simultaneously. With comprehensive optimization, a simple and efficient method was established using mixed solution extraction with acetonitrile and water and cleaning-up by a modified SPE procedure with mixed-mode cation exchange cartridges, followed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography<img>tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC<img>MS/MS) detection for the simultaneous determination of fluindapyr and its five metabolites in vegetables and fruits. Method validation in nine vegetables and fruits was performed by analyzing the linearity (0.001–0.5 mg/L, and R² ≥ 0.99), matrix effects (−95 %–80 %), fortified recoveries (71 %–118 %), relative standard deviations (0.2 %–16 %), limits of detection (0.0001–0.0002 mg/L), limits of quantification (0.0003–0.0006 mg/L) and the method limits of quantification (0.001 mg/kg). The proposed method was highly sensitive and reliable, and provides beneficial supplement to the two national standards in China in the simultaneously analysis of fluindapyr and its five metabolites in vegetables and fruits, and this study also provides reference for the method establishment for highly water-soluble analytes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 106972"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of dummy template molecularly imprinted polymer adsorbent to extract organophosphorus pesticides from vegetables","authors":"Yahaya Aliyu Danmaraya ,&nbsp;Musab Ahmad Hamad Alghodran ,&nbsp;Noorfatimah Yahaya ,&nbsp;Shangeetha Ganesan ,&nbsp;Mazidatulakmam Miskam","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a highly selective adsorbent based on a dummy-template molecularly imprinted polymer (DMIP) was synthesized using diethylphosphonoacetic acid (DPA) as the template for batch adsorption method of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs). The synthesized polymers were characterized using FTIR, nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis, SEM, XRD and TGA. Under optimum conditions, the results showed that the sorption of DMIP was best-fitted the pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm, with maximum adsorption capacities ranging from 24.36 to 55.31 mg g⁻¹ for the selected OPPs. The thermodynamic studies established that the reactions were both spontaneous and exothermic at 298 K. The reusability study indicated that there is no substantial loss of removal efficiency while using the DMIP for up to five cycles. In addition, the developed method showed good linearity (1 – 10 mg L⁻¹) for the OPPs, with a coefficient of determination (R²) values above 0.9969. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) values were respectively found to be 0.2732 – 0.3177 µg mL⁻¹ and 0.9097 – 1.0579 µg mL⁻¹, with a relative standard deviation (RSD%) of less than 4.77 % for intra-day and inter-day analysis. Based on the results obtained, the synthesized DMIP showed an excellent potential as selective adsorbent for pesticides present in food samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 106966"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalized Food Score (PFS): A flexible nutrient profiling framework based on national nutrient guidelines and estimated energy requirements","authors":"Hee Jeong Hwang ,&nbsp;Seo Hyun Shin ,&nbsp;Seo-Young Kim ,&nbsp;Jung Han Yoon Park ,&nbsp;EunJou Min ,&nbsp;Hee Yang ,&nbsp;Ki Won Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nutrient profiling systems (NPSs) are increasingly recognized as crucial tools for promoting healthier food choices. However, existing NPSs typically assess foods based on a standardized 2000 kcal diet, ignoring individual variations in estimated energy requirements (EER). In this study, we developed the Personalized Food Score (PFS), a dynamic and flexible framework that evaluates foods based on individual EER and country-specific nutrient standards. The PFS was designed through five main steps, allowing it to adapt to various cases. To validate the PFS, we assessed over 30,000 packaged foods in Korea and 3117 foods in the US, confirming its reliability. Significant differences in food scores were observed across different EER levels. Convergent validation using the Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant variations in PFS scores within and across food groups, demonstrating the system's capability to differentiate foods based on individual EER. Compared to the established Nutrient Rich Food index 9.3 (NRF 9.3), the PFS underscores the benefits of incorporating EER, highlighting the need for personalized NPSs. In conclusion, the PFS is an innovative tool for personalized nutrition profiling, aiding individuals in making healthier food choices based on their unique attributes and EER.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 106907"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrical conductivity as a precise method for salt content estimation in raw and cooked tuna meat","authors":"Petcharat Wiroonsri,&nbsp;Saowakon Wattanachant","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106953","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106953","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates electrical conductivity (EC) for estimating salt content in raw and cooked Skipjack tuna (<em>Katsuwonus pelamis</em>) across various sizes and preparation methods. Tuna sizes ranged from 0.10 to 9.00 kg, and the analysis included moisture, fat, protein, ash, EC, and salt content. In raw tuna, EC exhibited a high correlation with salt content (R² = 0.84), with the prediction equation Y = 0.112X - 0.525. For cooked tuna, which had reduced moisture, fat, and salt compared to raw tuna, EC showed a strong relationship with salt content (R² = 0.89) and the prediction equation Y = 0.169X - 0.623. Canned tuna in brine demonstrated high EC effectiveness for predicting salt content (R² = 0.93 and 0.95 for with and without media, respectively). However, for tuna in oil, EC correlations were weak (R² = 0.06 and 0.01), indicating that oil interferes with ion movement. After validating the estimated salt content using EC against the actual salt content obtained by auto-titration, the results confirm that EC is a reliable and cost-effective tool for estimating salt content in raw, cooked, and brine tuna, although its applicability is limited for oil-based canned products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 106953"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A ratiometric fluorescence platform based on bifunctional MOFs for sensitive detection of organophosphorus pesticides","authors":"Siying Wu ,&nbsp;Xuehua Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenyan Tang ,&nbsp;Yue Zhang ,&nbsp;Xin Lv ,&nbsp;Yu-Ting Zhuang","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid and precise detection of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) is of great importance for life health. Herein, a new sensing platform is developed through a dual signal amplification approach for sensitive quantification of OPs, with a bimetallic metal organic framework (UiO-66(Zr/Fe)-NH₂) as peroxide-like nanozyme and fluorescent indicator. In the presence of thiocholine (TCh), the hydrolyzate of acetylthiocholine iodide catalyzed by acetylcholinesterase, the catalytic oxidization of o-phenylenediamine by UiO-66(Fe/Zr)-NH₂ to strong fluorescent 2,3-diaminophenazine (λ_em 555 nm) is significantly inhibited. OPs-triggered acetylcholinesterase inactivation enables the renaturation of UiO-66(Fe/Zr)-NH₂. Interestingly, the introduction of 1,4-dioxane further boosts the amplification of fluorescence signals. By virtue of the recovered fluorescence at 555 nm and MOF fluorescence (λ_em 446 nm), the dual signal amplification-based ratiometric fluorescent platform is successfully employed for the selective recognition and sensitive detection of OPs. This work is expected to provide a facile and sensitive method for accurate OPs assay, and make a positive contribution to food safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 106971"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous and non-destructive prediction of multiple internal quality characteristics in mandarin citrus with near-infrared spectroscopy and ensemble learning strategy","authors":"Huizhen Tan ,&nbsp;Yiqing Dong ,&nbsp;Liwen Jiang ,&nbsp;Wei Fan ,&nbsp;Guorong Du ,&nbsp;Pao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to establish a simultaneous and non-destructive method for the prediction of multiple internal quality characteristics in mandarin citrus with near-infrared spectroscopy combined with ensemble learning strategy. 490 spectra were obtained over the whole picking period without destroying the citrus samples. The ensemble learning strategy was used to establish the quantitative models to simultaneously predict multiple internal quality characteristics, including soluble solids content (SSC), pH, and total acidity (TA), compared with partial least squares (PLS) method. Both validation set and independent test set obtained one month later were used to validate the models. The optimal collection points for the three characteristics were obtained. The ensemble learning strategy was better than PLS method, which can be used to improve the predictive accuracy. The best prediction models for SSC, pH, and TA were second-order derivatives (2nd)-consensus partial least squares (CPLS), 2nd-boosting-PLS (BPLS), and continuous wavelet transform-BPLS. The root mean square errors of prediction (RMSEPs) for validation set were 1.0117, 0.1924, and 0.2408, respectively, while the RMSEPs for independent test set were 1.1067, 0.2647, and 0.2563, respectively. Besides, the long-wave NIR light was more suitable for the quantitative analysis of multiple internal quality characteristics in mandarin citrus than short-wave NIR light.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 106961"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the impact of thermal processing on physicochemical properties of monofloral and multifloral honey","authors":"Mohammad-Taghi Golmakani ,&nbsp;Mohammad Sasani ,&nbsp;Shahriyar Sahraeian ,&nbsp;Mohammadreza Khalesi","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the effect of thermal processing on the physicochemical properties of 20 honey samples. It was found that sucrose was the most susceptible sugar to degradation during thermal processing, while glucose and fructose contents remained relatively constant. While the moisture content of honey samples varied significantly, it remained below the maximum allowed level for all samples. Thermal treatment did not significantly affect the pH and acidity of honey samples. The study suggests that thermal processing in the range of 40–60 °C does not significantly affect the chemical composition of honey, however, it leads to a reduction in electrical conductivity. The proline content of all kinds of honey samples were depleted upon the thermal processing. The study also found that thermal treatment increased the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural content of honey samples, with the intensity of the change varying among samples with different plant origins. Ion mobility spectrometry was also found to be a promising method for the detection and quantification of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in honey.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 106940"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of physicochemical attributes and variation in mass-volume of Himalayan pears: Computer vision-based modeling","authors":"Akuleti Saikumar ,&nbsp;Anjali Sahal ,&nbsp;Shekh Mukhtar Mansuri ,&nbsp;Afzal Hussain ,&nbsp;Pir Mohammad Junaid ,&nbsp;C. Nickhil ,&nbsp;Laxmikant S. Badwaik ,&nbsp;Sanjay Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current study attempts to examine the physicochemical properties of Himalayan pears and envision the relationship between mass and volume with various physical properties. These properties are measured using image processing techniques at different storage days (1st day, 4th day, 7th day, 10th day, and 13th day). The study employs both single and multivariable regression models, including linear, quadratic, rational, and exponential models to establish predictive relationships. Among the single variable models, the length-based linear and rational models demonstrated exceptional suitability for envisioning the mass and volume of pears, achieving higher R² values of 0.92 and 0.90, respectively. For mass and volume prediction considering combined physical properties, the rational and exponential models exhibited the best fit with higher R² values of 0.94 and 0.91, accompanied by low RMSE values of 0.217 and 0.141. Consequently, the established relationship between the mass and volume of Himalayan pears with its physical attributes contributes to the development of a faster, more authentic, and accurate grading system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 106955"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A triple lateral flow strip assay based on multiplex polymerase chain reaction for simultaneous detection of chicken, pork and duck in adulterated meat","authors":"Rilong Liu,&nbsp;Hangzhen Lan,&nbsp;Zhen Wu,&nbsp;Daodong Pan,&nbsp;Hanqing Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing problem of meat adulteration significantly threatens consumer health and economic order. Therefore, developing an efficient and low-cost method for multi-species detection is essential to overcome the disadvantages of single-targeted, low-efficiency, and high-cost methods. This study presents a novel multiplex polymerase chain reaction (MPCR)-triple lateral flow strip (TLFS) integrated method, which enables the simultaneous, quantitative detection of chicken, duck, and pork ingredients in adulterated meat samples. Unlike traditional methods that target single species or require complex instrumentation, this method uniquely combines MPCR with TLFS to detect multiple species in one run, significantly reducing detection time and cost. This method uses MPCR to amplify genes specific to the three target types of meat and differentiate them by fluorophores (6-Fam, Cy5, and Digoxin). The TLFS consists of three separate lanes, each specific to one target meat amplicon (chicken, duck, or pork), allowing for the simultaneous detection of all three species from a single input sample. This setup enables the quantification of each species within a mixed meat sample by measuring the signal intensity from each lane, thus providing species-specific quantification in one run. MPCR amplicons are compatible with TLFS via antigen-antibody binding. By optimizing the reaction conditions, the method demonstrated good specificity, sensitivity, and stability. There were no cross-detections for three target meats (chicken, duck, and pork) and no false positives for seven others (horse, beef, lamb, camel, turkey, goose, and rabbit). The detection limit for chicken, duck, and pork species was low to 0.1 %, 0.5 %, and 0.05 % (wt%), respectively, which are all lower than the 1 % detection limit specified by the Chinese National Standard (GB/T 38164–2019). In the TLFS detection, meat samples can be qualified at 1 min and quantified after 7 min. The results of commercial samples showed that the method was consistent with the results of the national standard method, proving its reliability and practicality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15867,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 106968"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}