Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care最新文献

{"title":"Unlocking universal health coverage: Insights from a community-based explanatory sequential mixed-method study on Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana scheme in Rural Puducherry.","authors":"G Kiruba Sankar, Prahankumar Rajendran, J Jenifer Florence Mary, A Lokeshmaran, Senkadhirdasan Dakshinamurthy, Arun Sugumaran, Thamizhmaran Sundararajan","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_340_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_340_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) seeks to provide Universal Health Coverage by 2030, addressing the healthcare needs of India's impoverished population. Despite its potential, significant gaps in enrolment and awareness persist, particularly in rural areas. This study aims to assess the knowledge, coverage, and utilization of AB-PMJAY among beneficiaries in rural Puducherry.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A community-based sequential explanatory mixed-method study was conducted among 540 households over 18 months in the field practice villages under Rural Health Training Centre (RHTC) of a private medical college in Puducherry. The study participants comprised heads of households categorized under the Below Poverty Line (BPL) as per the Socioeconomic Caste Census 2011, and permanent residents of the selected villages. Data were collected using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire and were analysed using SPSS v16.0. Thematic analysis was done for in-depth interviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey revealed that 71.7% of the beneficiaries were aware that AB-PMJAY is a government-funded health insurance scheme, but only 33.5% knew it covers only BPL families. The utilization remained low at 2.03%. Socio-demographic factors such as age, education, and occupation significantly influenced knowledge levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Additional strategies are required to enhance utilization among beneficiaries. Policymakers should focus on sustained awareness campaigns and addressing systemic issues to ensure the success of AB-PMJAY.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3427-3433"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of china's population problem and three-child policy adjustment in the new development stage.","authors":"Bo Wang, Junfang Bai, Yahui Liu, Jingjing Wan","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_805_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_805_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The continuous evolution of China's population policy has not only achieved demographic transition but also brought about issues suchas social aging and gender imbalance.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study examines China's birth policy changes, current population development, and future birth policy reformation since entering the new stage of development.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>The research follows the principle of the unity of policy logic and history, and is carried out from three aspects: the significance of policy reform, the effect of addressing population issues, and the implementation environment.</p><p><strong>Methods and material: </strong>The literature research method is used to sort out the evolution of birth policies, and the data of the 5^th, 6^th, and 7^th national population censuses are used to analyze the current situation of population development.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>Descriptive Statistics.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusions: </strong>The following conclusions can be drawn: First, the aging population problem is an inevitable, unrealistic social development trend that may cause a soaring social dependency ratio. A social pension system would solve the aging problem. Second, China's birth policy may not have improved the birth rate. Third, China's birth policy objective of widening family space and addressing human caused gender imbalances may prevent population inertia's impact. Fourth, the birth policy was foundational in implementing China's macroeconomic regulation and control policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3186-3192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication adherence and its determinants among non-communicable disease patients in rural area of Bihar, India: Insights for improving treatment outcomes.","authors":"Shibajee Debbarma, Akanksha Yadav, Bijaya Nanda Naik, Sanjay Pandey, Mohit Bhardwaj, Sarita Kumari, Rangnath Singh, Ratnadeep Biswas","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_222_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_222_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a major public health challenge globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like India. Effective management of NCDs requires strict adherence to prescribed medications, yet non-adherence remains a significant barrier. Understanding the factors that influence medication adherence is, therefore, crucial for developing effective interventions to improve health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the prevalence of medication adherence and identify factors influencing adherence among NCD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 241 NCD patients in rural areas in the state of Bihar, India, using a semi-structured questionnaire comprise of Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) to assess adherence, Family APGAR scale to assess family support scale, and Barthel's Index to assess functional independence. Chi-square and Fischer's exact tests were employed on IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) to determine association.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only 13% of participants were adherent to prescribed medications. Significant associations of medication adherence were observed with age (<i>P</i> = 0.007), type of family (<i>P</i> < 0.01), and family support (<i>P</i> = 0.003). Participants over 60 years of age and from joint or extended families were more likely to adhere to their medication.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Developing and implementing community-based strategies involving family members and caregivers, especially in LMIC, are important for improving medication adherence among NCD patients and, thereby, treatment outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3338-3344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An epidemiological study of impairment in activities of daily living among geriatric population in Mehrauli area of South Delhi.","authors":"Shubham Vivekanand Chawale, Sanjeev Kumar Rasania, Manish Kumar Goel, Prerna Kukreti","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2072_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2072_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ageing poses significant health challenges, with rising life expectancy leading to increased disability among the elderly. Impairment in Activities of Daily Living (ADL), essential for self-care and independence, burdens caregivers as well as healthcare systems. It is a major concern for policymakers all around the world.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate the prevalence of ADL impairment among the geriatric population in Mehrauli, South Delhi, and to study the various factors associated with it.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in Mehrauli, South Delhi, from November 2022 to February 2024. Data were collected from 338 participants using a semi-structured interview schedule. ADL impairment was assessed using the Katz Index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of ADL impairment was 8.9%. Most participants were aged 60-69 years (74.6%) with a mean age of 66.28 ± 7.12 years. Females constituted 53.3% of the sample. Significant associations were observed between ADL impairment and age group, as well as the presence of chronic illness (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Chronic morbidity is a key determinant of ADL impairment and disability among the elderly. With the increasing elderly population, addressing chronic morbidity is essential to reduce the burden of disability and unmet needs. Timely interventions targeting chronic conditions are critical to improving the quality of life for older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3363-3367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to \"Barriers in exclusive breastfeeding encountered by mothers in an urban slum area of a metropolitan city\".","authors":"Anil Mahajan, Shubham J Shivale","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1361_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1361_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3596-3597"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Sahli's method as a haemoglobin estimation tool in rural health setups in India.","authors":"Prashant, Shibu S Awasthi, Shivangi Saxena, Ragini Singh","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2015_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2015_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Anaemia is a common clinical disorder in rural India best diagnosed by automatic analyser, which detects haemoglobin concentration in the blood sample. However, in rural areas, this technology is not accessible. Instead, Sahli's method, being inexpensive and low in expertise, is employed here.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To compare the values of haemoglobin concentration estimated by Sahli's method and the automatic analyser.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>A sample of 130 volunteers from both genders in all age groups was randomly selected from a rural health camp, organized in the city of Barabanki, U.P., India. A cross-sectional analytical study was planned.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>Venous blood samples were obtained after taking due consent, and haemoglobin estimation was done using both Sahli's method and the automatic analyser, respectively.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>Data analysis was done using IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) Software Version 21.0, Armonk NY, and expressed in terms of mean ± standard deviation (SD), and the result was compared using the Chi-square test, Pearson's regression coefficient and Student's T-test. <i>P</i> value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regression analysis showed a weak inverse correlation of haemoglobin concentration obtained via automatic analyser and individual's age, in both genders (r values = -0.132 and -0.148, respectively). However, Sahli's method could not demonstrate any such significant pattern (r values = 0.002 and -0.087, respectively). The values of haemoglobin estimation by Sahli's method (10.57 ± 2.59 g/dl) varied significantly from the automatic analyser (10.90 ± 2.54 g/dl) (<i>P</i> value = 0.0015).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sahli's method is not efficacious as a diagnostic tool even in a rural, low-budget setup. A weak inverse correlation is seen between blood haemoglobin concentration and age in both sexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3511-3515"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroophthalmological evaluation in primary inflammatory demyelinating diseases with special reference to optic neuritis: A prospective study.","authors":"Ankit Khetan, Rajesh Verma, Rajarshi Chakraborty, Ravindra Kumar Garg, Hardeep Singh Malhotra, Praveen Kumar Sharma, Neeraj Kumar, Ravi Uniyal, Shweta Pandey, Imran Rizvi","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_181_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_181_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The involvement of ocular system especially optic neuritis (ON) is an important clinical aspect of inflammatory demyelinating disease (IDD) of the central nervous system. The primary IDD spectrum includes neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated diseases (MOGAD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). The clinical presentation of ON varies according to disease pathophysiology.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aimed to determine the clinical characteristics of treatment-naïve ON at baseline and on the 6-month follow-up and assessed the predictors of visual outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective study of patients with treatment-naïve ON was performed with structural and functional ophthalmological evaluation. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the predictive factors of visual outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 46 patients of IDD, ON occurred in 30 patients. The etiological subtyping included NMOSD (10), CIS (8), MOGAD (7), and MS (5) patients in our study. The ON group showed female preponderance, greater delay in diagnosis, and significant relapsing course. Bilaterality occurred predominantly in NMOSD followed by MOGAD. Optical coherence tomography analysis showed predominant thinning of superior and inferior quadrants in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and global thinning of Ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) in NMOSD, but the values were not statistically significant. Univariate analysis for predictors of visual outcome showed age at onset, delay in diagnosis, NMOSD, longitudinally extensive ON (LEON) and chiasmal lesions were associated with poor outcome, while multivariate analysis showed statistical association of NMOSD and LEON with poor outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NMOSD and longitudinally extensive optic neuritis showed poor ophthalmological outcome and optical coherence tomography was unyielding.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3345-3356"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of alloantibodies among antenatal women attending a teaching hospital in central Kerala.","authors":"Rose Mary Jacob Vatakencherry, Susan John, Veena Shenoy, L Saraswathy","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_407_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_407_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Rh immunoprophylaxis has helped to decrease the prevalence of Rh D associated Haemolytic disease of New-born and Foetus. 50 different RBC antigens have been reported to be associated with HDFN. The current incidence of alloimmunization due to non-RhD antibodies in Western countries is 0.28-0.33%. A study on 707 neonates showed antigen-positivity and evidence of HDFN in 37%, with the most severe with DAT-positive anti-Rh antibodies, C, D, e, E. Early detection, monitoring, and planned interventions would help to prevent severe HDFN.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The Study included 370 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of our hospital and excluded those with a history of transfusion, haemolytic disease, intrauterine bleeding or intrauterine death. Irregular antibodies were checked by the Indirect Coombs Test (ICT) using ID Diacell I-II-III, Diamed, Switzerland. Specific antibody identification was performed using ID Diapanel, Diamed, Switzerland.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0. Pearson's Chi-square test was applied. Odds ratio and their 95% CI were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Red cell antibody screening was positive in 3.5% (13). Antibodies identified as anti-D (30.8%), anti-c (15.4%), anti-C + D (15.4%), anti-K (15.4%), anti-Le b + Jka (7.7%), anti-E (7.7%), and anti-c + Jka (7.7%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The maternal alloimmunization prevalence was 3.5%. The potential for severe HDFN associated with antibodies such as anti-K, anti-E, and anti-c necessitates vigilant monitoring at the primary care level.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3538-3541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment approach and outcomes to severe and chronic dysphagia in lateral medullary syndrome: A case series.","authors":"Hitesh Gupta, Deepinder Kaur Maini, Rajiv Anand, Varun Rehani","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_213_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_213_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dysphagia is more profound in lateral medullary syndrome (LMS) patients. LMS patients are susceptible to be dependent on tube feeding for months to years post stroke. The objectives of this study are to characterize and understand the extent of functional impairment in the swallowing phases, to strategize the noninvasive methods as per the deficits present, and to document swallowing outcomes of severe and chronic dysphagia following rehabilitation in patients with LMS.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This is an ambispective observational study on chronic LMS (≥1 year) patients with complete dependency on tube feeding. Dysphagia was assessed with clinical bedside swallowing examination and video fluoroscopy swallowing study (VFSS), penetration-aspiration scale (PAS), dysphagia severity rating scale (DSRS), bolus residue scale (BRS), and functional oral intake scale (FOIS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six patients were included in our study for the final analysis. Initial VFSS was done at FOIS level 1 and a DSRS score of 12. The BRS and PAS score of all patients at this stage was 6. The second VFSS was done when patients achieved FOIS level ≥2 and a DSRS score of ≤10. At this stage, BRS was 4 ± 0.8, while PAS improved to 4 at the interval of 8 ± 3 weeks following rehabilitation. Final VFSS was performed at FOIS level ≥4 and DSRS ≤3. BRS and PAS at this stage were ≤2. This was achieved in 20.8 ± 8.3 weeks from the onset of rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Chronic and severe dysphagia in LMS has a favorable recovery prospects. In our study, patients resumed complete oral feeding following dysphagia rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3546-3552"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145213018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of epigenetics in cancer: From pathways to the clinic.","authors":"Abdulraheem A Almalki","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1287_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1287_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epigenetic changes are inherited but repairable genetic DNA modifications that affect gene expression regardless of the underlying sequence. Epigenetic abnormalities have been associated with a wide range of human diseases, including cancer. Malignancy can be caused by abnormal epigenetic changes that incorrectly activate oncogenes. Epigenetic marks are appealing therapeutic targets because they are reversible and susceptible to exogenous changes. Significant progress has been made in developing treatments that target epigenetic regulation in the past few years, with several pharmaceuticals being evaluated. this review describes the epigenetic drugs currently undergoing clinical trials. It also discusses the pros and cons of using them to treat cancer and the role of epigenetics in cancer diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3104-3114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145213034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}