Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care最新文献

{"title":"Exploring plastic and reconstructive surgery referral pathways: Insights from primary care physicians in Bahrain.","authors":"Abdulla A Fakhro, Ali M Humood, Yusuf Althawadi","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_384_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_384_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary care physicians (PCPs) serve as the frontline of healthcare systems worldwide, acting as gatekeepers for specialist referrals. However, the absence of clear referral guidelines and complete guidance can lead to inappropriate referrals, defined as referrals that are either clinically unnecessary (e.g., referring a simple sebaceous cyst that is manageable in primary care) or misdirected to the wrong specialty (e.g., referring a hand tendon injury to orthopedics instead of plastic surgery). Such referrals overburden specialized clinics and delay care for patients who genuinely require specialist intervention. This is the first study in Bahrain to explore PCPs' perceptions and referral patterns to plastic surgery clinics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among PCPs who actively refer patients to plastic surgery (N = 97 eligible) within all five primary health care centers in the Muharraq governorate. Participants completed a validated 14-item questionnaire. Data were examined using descriptive statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-four PCPs participated (response rate: 76.3%). Nearly one-third (31.1%) reported that no specific referral criteria existed at their health center. A substantial proportion (39.2%) relied on personal clinical judgment to determine which patients to refer. This refers to subjective assessments based on individual experience and intuition rather than evidence-based protocols. The majority (67.6%) acknowledged plastic surgery as an important specialty that is able to transform lives, while a minority perceived it as primarily cosmetic. Over half (54.1%) identified the lack of clear referral criteria as their principal challenge. Most PCPs supported standardizing referral criteria (62.2% agreed or strongly agreed) and providing additional training (66.3% agreed or strongly agreed).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PCP referral practices to plastic surgery lack standardized guidelines and frequently rely on personal judgment, which may contribute to inappropriate referrals, higher healthcare costs, and inefficient resource allocation. These findings, while derived from a single governorate in Bahrain, reflect challenges common to healthcare systems with similar primary-to-secondary care structures. Applying standardized referral algorithms and targeted PCP education could strengthen patient care, improve healthcare efficiency, and optimize resource utilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 5","pages":"2076-2081"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13387656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond specialization: Building India's health future through family medicine - An expert call to choose MD, DNB, or diploma wisely.","authors":"Sk Sabir Rahaman","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1131_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1131_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Healthcare systems worldwide face the combined pressures of chronic diseases, aging populations, and fragmented care delivery. Family Medicine offers a pragmatic, cost-effective, and person-cantered solution to these systemic challenges. This article urges medical graduates-particularly in India-to consider postgraduate training in Family Medicine, whether through MD, DNB, or Diploma programs. Drawing international comparisons, especially with the UK's NHS and the U.S. Indian Health Service (IHS), I highlight the transformative potential of Family Medicine in creating equitable, resilient healthcare systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 5","pages":"2156-2158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13387710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cutaneous effects of antihypertensive drugs: A comprehensive narrative review of side effects, management, and prevention.","authors":"Luluh Z Aljaloud, Mashael T Alanazi, Kadi S Alsubaie, Sali F Alharbi, Sharifa M Aljalfan, Sarah H Alwadai, Walaa M Aleran, Ruaa Alharithy","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1859_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1859_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertension, a major global health burden affecting over one billion people worldwide, is primarily managed with pharmacological therapy. While effective for cardiovascular protection, antihypertensive drugs can cause under-recognized cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs). This review summarizes CADRs associated with antihypertensive medications, including pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and prevention. A narrative review of PubMed (January 2001-August 2025) was conducted to identify studies on CADRs linked to antihypertensive therapy, and observational studies, case reports, case series, and clinical trials were included. CADRs arise through immunologic (Types I-IV hypersensitivity, most often Type IV) and non-immunologic mechanisms. Clinical presentations range from mild eruptions (maculopapular rash, photosensitivity, urticaria) to severe reactions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). Symptoms usually occur within weeks of initiation, though delayed reactions are possible. Diagnosis relies on detailed medication history, examination, and, in selected cases, histopathology, and resolution after drug withdrawal is a key diagnostic clue. Management involves discontinuing the offending agent, supportive care, and pharmacological interventions (e.g. corticosteroids, antihistamines). Preventive strategies include avoidance of reexposure, substitution with safer alternatives, and strict photoprotection. Antihypertensive medications can cause diverse CADRs with variable severity and clinical impact, and early recognition and prompt management are essential to minimize morbidity. Prospective studies with standardized definitions and pharmacogenomic approaches are needed to improve risk prediction and guide safer, individualized prescribing.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 5","pages":"1904-1910"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13387704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence, pathogens, and biochemical determinants of common nosocomial infections among colorectal cancer patients.","authors":"Syed Sameer Aga, Muhammad Anwar Khan, Hamad Mutlaq Radhi, Abduljawad Ramli Saleh, Mohammed Abdulaziz Alghamdi, Muath Bader Almutairi, Saniya Nissar","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1989_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1989_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients are immunocompromised, making them more susceptible to infection. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of nosocomial infection among CRC patients at Prince Noora Oncology Centre in National Guard Health Affairs and to analyze the relationship between various pathogens and clinico-pathological characteristics of CRC.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional study was carried out at PNOC from the period 2016 until 2024 and included CRC patients whose age was >18 and excluded others. Cancer patients' demographics, personal and family history, cancer characteristics, infection characteristics, and pathogens were collected from medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 377 patients with CRC were included, and 222 (58.9%) of them were males. The mean age was estimated to be 62.1 (SD13.4) years. About 235 (62.3%) of these patients were infected. The total number of detected pathogens was 690, of which 222 (32.2%) were <i>Escherichia coli</i>, followed by <i>Klebsiella pneumonia</i>, 86 (12.5%), and <i>candida species</i>, 61 (8.8%). A significant relationship was found to be between the presence of infection and several variables like blood group (O +ve), cancer stage, and metastasis (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Two-thirds of CRC patients developed nosocomial infections. Gram-negative bacteria like <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumonia</i> are the most involved. In addition, blood group, metastasis, and late-stage cancer were identified as significant risk factors for such infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 5","pages":"2008-2015"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13387648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological distress among family caregivers of patients with cardiovascular disease.","authors":"Koichiro Matsumura, Eijiro Yagi, Yasuhiro Kakiuchi, Takahiro Tabuchi, Nobuhiro Yamada, Yohei Funauchi, Kazuyoshi Kakehi, Kosuke Fujita, Takayuki Kawamura, Hiroki Matsuzoe, Masafumi Ueno, Gaku Nakazawa","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_399_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_399_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Various studies have reported the clinical importance of psychological distress in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, few studies have examined the psychological distress experienced by family caregivers of patients with CVD. This study aimed to examine how having to care for patients with CVD affects psychological distress among family members.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on patients with CVD requiring care and family caregivers living with them were extracted from a nationwide population-based study in Japan (2019 Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions), conducted by the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare. Psychological distress was assessed using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale-6 item score (0-24 points) from the questionnaire, and a score ≥9 was defined as psychological distress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Family caregivers of patients with CVD who required care in 1990 were analyzed. The proportion of family caregivers experiencing psychological distress was 12.9% (257 in 1990). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the patients themselves had psychological distress, younger family caregivers, female family caregivers, family caregivers and patients residing alone, family caregivers who were not working, and patients with CVD complicated with dementia were independent factors affecting psychological distress in family caregivers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Multidisciplinary healthcare providers need to be aware of the mental health of not only patients with CVD requiring care but also their family caregivers and implement appropriate medical support.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 5","pages":"1926-1931"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13387678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the networking between hospitals and follow-up care providers during discharge management - Insights from eight structured interviews.","authors":"Christine Brütting, Thomas Frese, Alexander Bauer, Erwin Selg, Stefanie Andernach","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_685_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_685_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Digital platforms for more efficient hospital discharge management already exist. However, current solutions primarily focus on care services, while many patients also require therapeutic treatment after discharge. This study models the integration of previously unconnected external healthcare providers into the hospital discharge management process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with two general practitioners, two physiotherapists, two occupational therapists, and two speech therapists. Based on these interviews, an analysis of the current and target state, as well as user requirements for a digital platform, was developed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Currently, networking between hospitals and therapy practices is largely analogue and inefficient. Appointment coordination is handled via phone, SMS, or email, often causing delays, and redundant efforts. Additional inefficiencies include unnecessary staff movement, redundant documentation, and delays in accessing patient information. Therapists require a digital platform to facilitate collaboration with general practitioners, specialists, medical care providers, nursing homes, hospitals, and rehabilitation clinics. Key requested features include electronic access to discharge letters, diagnoses, and findings. Email is the preferred communication method. A future digital discharge platform should automate patient referrals, enhance transparency, and improve efficiency through real-time tracking, automated documentation, and seamless integration with hospital information systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A networked digital platform is essential for the efficient exchange of discharge letters, diagnoses, and findings, enabling timely communication with all relevant healthcare stakeholders. Developing a comprehensive digital discharge platform, or integrating general practitioners and healthcare providers into an existing solution is strongly recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 5","pages":"1953-1968"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13387650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication compliance among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending a rural health training centre in Tamil Nadu.","authors":"Elayaperumal Suguna, Venugopal Vinayagamoorthy, Baskaran Jayachandran, Rushmith Peula, Jayaraj Monica","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_798_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_798_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Non-compliance with prescribed medications in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a major challenge, especially in rural areas, leading to poor glycaemic control and increased complications.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To assess the prevalence of medication non-compliance and identify its associated factors among T2DM patients attending a Rural Health Training Centre (RHTC) in Tamil Nadu.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>A cross-sectional, facility-based study conducted over 3 months from November to December 2023, at the RHTC attached to a tertiary care medical college in Tamil Nadu.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Out of the total 247 patients with DM in the RHTC diabetes registry, 180 Type 2 diabetes patients aged >30 years and on treatment for ≥6 months were selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire. Medication compliance was categorised as \"good\" and \"poor\" based on three standard questions. Glycaemic control was based on recent fasting and postprandial glucose levels. Data were analysed using STATA v12. Multivariate logistic regression for poor medication compliance was conducted, and <i>P</i> < 0.05 was considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 180 participants, 23.9% (95% CI: 17.8-30.9) had poor medication compliance. Lack of physical activity (aPR 11.6, 95% CI: 1.81-74.29), distance >5 km from health centre (aPR 2.02, 1.08-3.77), and absence of comorbidities (aPR 0.33, 0.12-0.91) were significantly associated with poor compliance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Medication non-compliance remains a considerable issue in rural diabetic populations. Targeted interventions such as health education and regular counselling are essential to improve adherence and long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 5","pages":"2123-2129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13387681/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is theoretical physics, large language models and artificial intelligence the power accelerator needed for the development of the discipline of theoretical medicine.","authors":"Sunil K Raina","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_519_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_519_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Theoretical physics shaped much of what eventually strengthened the domain of physics. Will large language models (LLMs), and artificial intelligence (AI) emerge as the primary accelerators for the development of theoretical medicine. The window of opportunity for this to happen is now.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 5","pages":"2183-2186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13387669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among primary school teachers in Karbala.","authors":"Maryam F Obayes, Ali A Abutiheen","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_140_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_140_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurobehavioral disorder affecting children. Teachers can play a vital role in identifying and supporting students with ADHD. So, it is crucial for teachers to have a comprehensible understanding of the disorder. Assessing teachers' knowledge of ADHD can help inform and improve future policies and interventions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the level of knowledge that primary school teachers regarding ADHD in children, and its correlates.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted on primary schools in Karbala, utilizing a multi-stage sampling approach, 372 primary school teachers were included in the study, Self-administered questionnaire was used that consisted of two parts: socio-demographic data and the knowledge of ADHD based on attention deficit disorders scale (KADDS). The means of the groups were compared using Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test by SPSS version 24.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the teachers was 40.77 ± 9.34 years. Females represented 60.2% of participants. The average percentage of knowledge regarding ADHD general information, symptoms/diagnosis, and treatment were 34.82 ± 2.72, 58.96 ± 3.64, and 33.54 ± 3.29, respectively. The average percentage of overall knowledge score regarding ADHD was 40.20 ± 2.35. Knowledge of ADHD was significantly higher among male teachers and those working in rural schools.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The overall level of knowledge regarding ADHD among the primary school teachers was insufficient. Few teachers show adequate level of knowledge, and obviously regarding the treatment of ADHD. Targeted educational programs are recommended to enhance teachers' capacity to identify and support affected students.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 5","pages":"2046-2053"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13387670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A newborn case of hydronephrosis: Case report.","authors":"Reshma Tighare, Ranjana Sharma","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1040_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1040_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydronephrosis is the enlargement of the kidney as a result of urine production. When urine cannot empty from the kidney to the bladder due to a blockage or impediment, this occurs. One or both kidneys may be affected by hydronephrosis. The kidneys' primary role is to filter blood and fluid and eliminate waste through the urethra. The male newborn patient who was apparently admitted in acharya vinoba bhave rural hospital (AVBRH) on January 28, 2022 in the pediatric ward with chief complaints of fever, vomiting, and unable to pass adequate urine. After being admitted to the pediatric ward, all investigations were done such as blood test, radiodiagnosis, ultrasonography, etc. All over investigation was observed and then the final diagnosis was confirmed as congenital hydronephrosis. Patient does not have any past medical or surgical history. Patient was coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) negative. Patient was treated with beta lactum antibiotics, calcium supplements, loop diuretic, antibacterial drugs, and vitamin supplements. Injection (Inj.) cefitaxime = 110 mg, Inj. colistin in 20 mL dextrose 5 to 8 hourly, Inj. triglycerides every 12 hourly, Inj. meropenum, Inj. lasi × 9 mL in 10 mL dextrose, and syp. peocal 25 mL. Keep track of vital signs, neurological state, and intake and output. The patient's bed rest was maintained, and pain levels were managed. The patient's infection risk is analyzed. The patient was admitted to the hospital with the major symptoms of fever, vomiting, and inability to pass adequate urine; urgent treatment was initiated by a member of the health team, and all available treatments were administered. The patient's condition is now satisfactory.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 5","pages":"2133-2136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13387691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}