Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care最新文献

{"title":"Leprosy still a concern in Eastern states of India: Primary care physician targeted approach needed.","authors":"Pugazhenthan Thangaraju, Sajitha Venkatesan","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1359_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1359_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3598-3599"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing consultation duration in primary care: A systematic review with health equity insights.","authors":"Lynnette Lyzwinski, Yves Evéquoz, Pierre-Yves Rodondi","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1594_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1594_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In the past, reviews have found high levels of variability in physician consultation times across the globe in general patients attending primary care consultations. The matter remains a pressing public health policy topic, given that some health systems put pressure to decrease time physicians may spend with their patients. Little is presently known about the consultation time needs in specific potentially vulnerable populations including patients with disabilities, multimorbid conditions, older adults, patients from lower socioeconomic status, and patients in need of an interpreter. It is important to undertake a systematic review of the consultation time needs of these populations in order to better understand their needs and to reduce equity issues in accessibility to healthcare.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review of PubMed and Medline, Web of Science, and Google Scholar was undertaken for all relevant studies on consultation time in specific populations including patients with chronic and multimorbid conditions, mental or psychological disorders, disabilities, migrants, and older adults that have been published over the past 20 years from 2002-2022. Studies in patients who did not belong to these specific groups were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 65 articles met inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Patients from specific populations have unique consultation time needs. Patients with the greatest time needs from these specific populations in descending order include patients with mental health or psychological disorders as well as patients requiring interpreters, followed by patients with multimorbid conditions, and finally older adults. Patients need adequate time to schedule an interpreter and to allow for communication between the patient, doctor, and interpreter which fosters meaningful discussion. Patients with mental health disorders need much time to discuss their challenges (mean duration from 10.6 up to 60 min). Multimorbid patients have increasing consultation lengths in a dose-dependent manner with rising number of health problems. Older adults spent between 10.6 and 26.7 min with their general practitioners (GPs). Patients with disabilities are understudied but overall raise similar concerns around time constraints. Patients from lower socioeconomic status experience inequities stemming from shorter consultations irrespective of their chronic disease statuses.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Inequities in health accessibility exist in specific populations if sufficient time is not accorded to meet their unique health needs. A fixed appointment time could create disadvantages for these populations. Future research is needed to better understand what the ideal consultation time would be for these populations or whether individually tailored approaches are needed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Policymakers should consider flexible appoin","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3132-3158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decreased anxiety through haptic technology patch usage: A case-control comparison.","authors":"Janet Fason, Jeffrey Gudin, Peter Hurwitz","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1981_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1981_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic anxiety affects one-third of US adults and has increased by 6% from 2023 to 2024. Medical management is typically psychopharmacology utilizing antidepressants and/or anxiolytics and psychotherapy, but these are not always successful as treatments. Nonadherence or noncompliance to prescribed drugs for mental health disorders is common, and benzodiazepines as an anxiolytic class are also recognized as especially subject to misuse.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>This single blinded, case-control study tested the use of a potential alternative or adjunctive treatment for anxiety of a Haptic Vibrotactile Technology patch.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>There were 102 adults enrolled in the study. 65 were assigned to the treatment group (TG) and 37 to the control group (CG). The TG gender ratio was 49 females/16 males; the CG gender ratio was 23 females/14 males. Two types of validated surveys were utilized, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Short Form-20 (SF-20), and these two scaled surveys were administered at the three study intervals of Baseline, Day 7, and Day 14.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>The numerically coded quantitative data collected were analyzed using SPSS software. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests and a two-tailed alpha level of 0.05 was used for all statistical comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At Day 14, there was a 31.3% difference between TG and CG for the PSS, showing marked positive effect for the TG patients as compared to the CG patients. The mean PSS score for TG patients decreased by 33%, showing a significant reduction in emotional/mental stress. For the SF-20, a positive change in the TG was shown, with a 23.8% increase in the percent score for the survey's Mental Health domain and a notable increase for the Health Perception domain. At Day 14, >90% of the TG reported satisfaction with the patch; 90% indicated that they would recommend it. In contrast, there was little change in all PSS and SF-20 scores from baseline to Day 14 for the CG; 97.3% of the CG were not at all satisfied with the patch (which was a placebo), and only 3% reported they would recommend it.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The overall findings of this clinical trial revealed that the studied patch (PEACE Patch with vibrotactile trigger technology [VTT]; Super Patch Company, Srysty Holding Co, Toronto, Canada) was effective in reducing anxiety symptoms. Gaining a better understanding of how the brain interacts with external stimuli, such as through VTT, may lead to the development of more viable, safe, and effective \"drug-free\" treatment options, which can provide adults living with chronic anxiety more potential options for relieving their symptoms and acquiring a better overall quality of life. The VTT patch utilized in this study appears to be effective in reducing anxiety symptoms and so may present an alternative or adjunct treatment","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3529-3537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent hypokalemia induced by primary aldosteronism due to unilateral adrenal adenoma. A case report.","authors":"Srinivas Nalloor, G N Impana, Benaganahalli S Sandeep, V N Ranjitha, M Raghavendran, Anish Behl","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2021_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2021_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conn's syndrome or primary aldosteronism (PA) due to aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma (APA) is the most frequent cause of hypokalemia and secondary hypertension. We are reporting a Primary Aldosteronism(PA) case in an indian male, who presented with recurrent lower limb weakness & was admitted twice for management of his symptoms. On evaluating, laboratory reports revealed that his symptoms are due to refractory severe hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, raised serum aldosterone levels, and low plasma renin activity. Transtubular potassium gradient (TTKG) was suggestive of ongoing renal potassium loss. Computed Tomography (CT) angiography of adrenal glands during his first admission showed an 8-mm nodule in the right adrenal gland. CT angiography during his second admission with more severe similar complaints revealed an increase in the size of this nodule. The patient was managed with serum potassium correction and surgical intervention. He underwent laparoscopic right adrenalectomy. Following the surgery, the patient serum potassium normalized and he had a good clinical outcome. We suggest clinicians to consider screening for PA and offer surgical intervention wherever necessary in cases with refractory hypokalemia and secondary hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3560-3564"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From treating UTI to agranulocytosis.","authors":"Amit Katyal, Nikunj Tiwari, Vaka Rajshekhar, Maninder P S Pardal","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_977_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_977_24","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The growing problem of antibacterial resistance has resulted in increased interest in fosfomycin, especially its parenteral formulation. It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic with both &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; activity against a wide range of bacteria, including MDR and XDR bacteria. Due to its high tissue penetration, fosfomycin may be used in a broad range of tissues and targets, including the CNS, soft tissue, bone, lungs, and abscess fluid. The most commonly reported adverse effects are hypokalemia and hypernatremia. We describe a case of agranulocytosis in a young patient with chronic kidney disease, a rarely described side effect that may be fatal. A 21-year-old woman was a freshly diagnosed case of end-stage renal disease during workup for complaints of generalized body weakness, reduced appetite, and hypertension. She was started on hemodialysis. During the course of her hospital stay, she developed features of urinary tract infection, urine routine and microscopy revealed leucocyte esterase 3+ and nitrites 3+ and microscopy showed numerous pus cells. The blood culture was sterile. The urine culture was positive for &lt;i&gt;Klebsiella pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt; ssp pneumoniae (MDRO) and was sensitive to only fosfomycin. Oral fosfomycin was started; however, she developed multiple episodes of nausea and vomiting after taking the first oral dose. Therefore, she was started on 4 g of injectable fosfomycin, followed by 2 g of fosfomycin twice a day. She was found to have leukopenia, with her total leucocyte counts decreasing from 13500/cumm to 4100/cumm and then further to 2100 cells/cumm in two consecutive days of administration of injectable fosfomycin. On the third day, the counts further decreased to 1700/cumm, with an absolute neutrophil count of 493 cells/μ. In view of suspected fosfomycin-induced leukopenia, the injectable drug was stopped. The total leucocyte counts were repeated after two days of stopping fosfomycin. The repeated leucocyte counts were normal. To our knowledge, this is the first paper reporting on agranulocytosis induced by fosfomycin in chronic kidney disease patients and the fourth paper to date. This paper provides the second detailed description of a case. Cytotoxic chemotherapy can cause predictable and dose-related decreases in neutrophil counts. Neutropenia secondary to other medications tends to be an idiosyncratic reaction either as an immune-mediated reaction or because of direct myeloid cell line damage. This effect has been associated with a variety of medications. Literature data are scarce. A summary of product characteristics revealed that only a few cases of transient neutropenia and agranulocytosis have been reported. Parenteral fosfomycin is often used in patients receiving other medications, so it is rarely the only suspect. In our patient, there was a sudden decrease in the neutrophil count after two days of treatment with injectable fosfomycin, indicating that it is the causative agent. The counts norm","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3553-3555"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis-related vasculitis presenting as multisystem organ infarcts: A case report.","authors":"Kunal Saini, Geeta Kampani, Rishabh Rawat, Siddhant Jain","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1279_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1279_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major global health concern, particularly in regions where it is endemic. While TB commonly affects the lungs and extrapulmonary sites, its presentation as vasculitis leading to multiple organ infarcts is an extremely rare phenomenon. This case report describes a 34-year-old female who developed simultaneous infarctions in the spleen, kidney, and lungs due to TB-related vasculitis. The diagnosis was established through clinical presentation, imaging studies, and confirmation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis via sputum CBNAAT. The patient was successfully managed with antitubercular therapy (ATT) and corticosteroids, demonstrating significant clinical improvement. The rarity of multisystem infarcts caused by TB underscores the importance of considering tuberculous vasculitis in the differential diagnosis of unexplained infarcts, particularly in endemic regions. Early detection and timely intervention are crucial in preventing severe complications and improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3556-3559"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145213032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To evaluate the effectiveness and usefulness of qSOFA scoring in predicting mortality in acute pancreatitis - A teaching institute study.","authors":"Samir Toppo, Ram C Besra, Niranjan Mardi, Pankaj Bodra, Mritunjay Mundu, Anmol Kujur, Marshal B Tudu, Binit Bharti, Harish Baskey","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1324_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1324_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Acute pancreatitis is a condition that presents with pain abdomen. It is an emergency condition and is associated with high mortality. The pain of acute pancreatitis is sudden on onset and starts in the epigastrium and may spread throughout the abdomen and radiate to the back. The aim of the study was to analyze the efficacy and limitations of qSOFA scoring in predicting the prognosis and thus shaping the therapeutic measures in the treatment of acute pancreatitis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This teaching institute-based prospective and observational study was conducted on 84 patients of acute pancreatitis in the Department of General Surgery, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi from February 2021 to October 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study showed male preponderance with 65% male patients and 35% female patients. Patients were categorised from the second decade of life to the sixth, and a maximum number of cases belonged to 31-40 years of age. The average length of hospital stay was calculated to be 15.6 days. A significant association was found between qSOFA scoring and ICU admissions with the <i>P</i> value being 0.001. Finally, the association between qSOFA scoring and mortality was analysed to have a <i>P</i> value of 0.001, with the death of seven patients among the 84 included in the study.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the present study qSOFA scoring showed a sensitivity of 0.42 for a score of 1, a sensitivity of 0.36 for a score of 2, and a sensitivity of 0.03 for a score of 3. qSOFA scoring was helpful in predicting ICU admissions, as well as mortality considerably.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3233-3238"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145213037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering the hidden hunger in translational research for periconceptional folic acid awareness among health care providers.","authors":"Sunita Singh, Parul Sinha, Abhay Singh","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1642_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1642_24","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Although healthcare providers (HCPs) know folic acid (FA), many are unaware of its various fetal-maternal-offspring beneficial effects.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A cross-sectional study (September 2024) was conducted among HCPs using a pretested interviewer-based questionnaire. The total knowledge score was 30. The awareness score was good, average, and low for total scores &gt;20, 11-20, and ≤10, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Out of 300 participants, 96 were excluded because of incomplete responses to the questions marked for outcome assessment. The participants were medical officers (42/206; 20.38%), nursing staff (108/206; 52.42%), and multipurpose/auxiliary nurse midwives/Accredited Social Health Activist workers (56/206; 27.18%). The mean age of participants was 24.0 ± 5.0 years (ranged 21-42 years). Rural and urban HCPs were 27.18% (56/206) and 72.81% (150/206), respectively. The HCPs who previously underwent educational training were 50.97% (105/206). Awareness of beneficial effects of FA in fetal protection from congenital anomalies: 35.9% (74/206) participants knew that FA supplements prevent neural tube defects (NTDs), but only 6.3% (13/206) and 14.5% (29/206) correctly responded for the prevention of anencephaly and neonatal anaemia. 87.86% (181/206) of participants were unaware of other beneficial fetal effects (prevention of septal heart defects, facial cleft, prevention of preterm delivery, and an increase in fetus weight). (a) Awareness about FA benefits in the prevention of maternal complications: 95.1% (196/206) participants were aware of FA's role in preventing pregnancy anemia, but they were not aware of its preventive role in pre-eclampsia, stillbirth, low-birth-weight/very-low-birth-weight babies, abortion, and macrosomia: (b) Awareness about neonatal/infant benefits of periconceptional FA: 5.8% (12/206) knew the beneficial effects of FA on mental development, and 4.9% (10/206) prevention of anemia in infancy. (c) Awareness about high-risk factors that can affect fetuses from NTDs: The response was correct about parents having NTDs (60/206; 29%), drug intake of periconceptional intake of valproic acid and carbamazepine (63.9%; 131/206), and serum FA deficiency (70.9%, 146/206). 9.7% (20/206) were aware that possible cause of NTD can be genetic factors, and 78.6% (162/206) were aware that NTDs can be sporadic. Maternal hyperthermia, maternal diabetes, and obesity were identified as risk factors for NTDs in 1.2% (2/206), 4.9% (10/206) and 6.7% (20/206) HCPs. 125/206 (60.68%) know about the correct dosage and duration of FA in the normal periconceptional period, but awareness of dosage (16/206; 7.76%) and duration (12/206; 5.8%) in high-risk pregnancy was not good. 24.8% (51/206) knew that increasing the demand for FA in pregnancy can only be achieved with FA supplementation. Total mean awareness scores (± standard deviation) were good (23 ± 0.63), intermediate (18 ± 0.22), and ","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3266-3274"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of micronutrient levels in patients with post COVID musculoskeletal manifestations - A cross-sectional observational study.","authors":"Sandeep Garre, Ch Rama Krishna Prasad, A Chaitanya Pratyusha, Ayya Syama Sundar, Kalyani Surya Dhana Lakshmi Sangineni, Aparna Varma Bhoangir","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_287_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_287_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Micronutrients are key regulators of human metabolism and influence time to recovery and post-COVID complications. In this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of micronutrient deficiency and its association with the severity of post-COVID musculoskeletal manifestations.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in a tertiary care center. The study was registered in the Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI number: CTRI/2022/07/044336) Patients aged 18-65 years attending the post-COVID clinic with musculoskeletal manifestations were included. Patients' demographics, personal habits, and clinical history specific to the course of COVID-19 were collected and a physical examination was performed. Blood samples were collected to assess iron, selenium, zinc, and copper, and complete blood picture with differential count and C-reactive protein (CRP) assay. Musculoskeletal manifestations during the post-COVID phase (within a year after the COVID-19 infection) such as fatigue, myalgia, arthralgia, myositis, fibromyalgia, and arthralgia were documented. Copper and zinc levels were analysed at the National Institute of Nutrition and all other parameters were analysed in our institute. Continuous data expressed as mean, and standard deviation, and analysed by independent <i>t</i>-test. Categorical data expressed as frequency (percentage) and analyzed by Pearson Chi-square test. Pearson correlation test was done to find out correlation between micronutrients and arthritis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data collected from 166 individuals were analyzed, and micronutrient deficiencies were observed in 66 (39.7%) for iron, 43 (25.9%) for selenium, 30 (18.07%) for copper, and 7 (4.2%) for zinc. Multivariate analysis showed the presence of arthritis was negatively correlated with serum selenium levels (<i>r</i> = -0.459 and <i>P</i> = 0.001), copper (<i>r</i> = -0.537 and <i>P</i> = 0.001) and positively correlated with CRP (<i>r</i> = 0.439 and <i>P</i> = 0.001). The area under receiver operating curve and 95% confidence intervals were 0.85 (0.771-0.928) for selenium, 0.593 (0.481-0.705) for iron, 0.71 (0.602-0.818) for zinc and 0.782 (0.679-0.885) for copper.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our research found a significant association between micronutrient deficiency of iron, copper, and selenium with the severity of musculoskeletal manifestations in the post-COVID-19 phase. A 40% prevalence of at least one micronutrient deficiency was observed in our study population which comprised of patients with musculoskeletal manifestations in the post-COVID-19 phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3421-3426"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond medications: A study on competencies of self-care practices among type 2 diabetic patients and diabetes health education among ASHA workers.","authors":"Ronanki Mounika, Yalamanchili Padmasri, Z Sharath Babu Naik, Padmavathi Setti","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1887_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1887_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Self-care behaviours like healthy eating, being active, taking medication, monitoring blood sugar levels, reducing risk, problem-solving and healthy coping are the mainstay for the control of diabetes and the prevention of its complications. Despite the proven benefits of self-care practices, studies indicate poor adherence to such practices, especially in rural India.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>(1) To assess the self-care practices among diabetic patients using the 'Diabetes Self-Management Profile' (DSMP) questionnaire, (2) to explore the factors influencing their self-care practices, (3) to explore the need for diabetes health education (DHE) among Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) workers.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The study employed a sequential explanatory mixed-method design (QUAN → QUAL). Three villages were randomly selected from the field practice area of the Medical College, where the Family Doctor Program is being implemented. Focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted one among diabetic patients (<i>n</i> = 7) and one among ASHA workers (<i>n</i> = 8) using the FGD guide and the data was analysed using the thematic framework approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of a total of 75 participants (mean age 61.36 ± 9.35), only 16% adhered to at least four self-care behaviours. Notably, 40% exhibited good dietary behaviour; only 26.6% engaged in physical activity three times per week, and nearly three-fourths of participants had good drug compliance. Hypoglycaemia prevention practices were low (17.3%), and none had a glucose monitoring device. Glucose levels were checked once in 3 months by 52% of them. Disturbingly, 88% were unaware of diabetes complications, and 53.3% occasionally felt distressed. Qualitative analysis revealed 'limited patient knowledge', 'uninformed health care services' and 'uninvolved family support' as the themes influencing poor self-care practices. ASHA workers were found to have a limited understanding of diabetes and self-care and hence unable to address patient problems and misconceptions. They felt the need for training to impart effective behavioural change communication.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Effective self-care practices in diabetic patients require a holistic approach. It is crucial to provide training for ASHA workers to enable them to effectively share knowledge with patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3259-3265"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}