Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating the implementation of colorectal cancer screening practices at King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Riyadh.","authors":"Maram S Al Turki, Adel F Yasky, Ghadi Alotaibi, Majed N Alosaimi","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1512_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1512_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health problem in Saudi Arabia, where there is currently no widespread CRC screening program. This study aimed to assess the implementation of CRC screening within medical practices at King Abdul-Aziz Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, targeting beneficiaries aged 50-75 years.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A retrospective chart review and cross-sectional analysis were conducted between January and December 2022 for an age group from 50 to 75 years. Frequency and percentages were used to display categorical variables. The Chi-square test and independent <i>t</i>-test were used to assess the association between the variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 296 patients between the ages of 50 and 75 years, less than half were men (49%). The average age of the participants was 61.5 years, ranging from 56 to 69. During the research, the incidence of CRC among patients was found to be 8.1%. Most patients had negative FOBT tests (73%), while about 27% tested positive, and approximately 23% underwent colonoscopy. Patients with a FOBT test positive tended to be older than those with a negative result.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study found that the utilization of CRC screening is not fully maximized at King Abdul-Aziz Medical City. It highlights the importance of raising awareness and promoting adherence to screening guidelines for individuals between the ages of 50 and 75 years. Additional research is necessary to identify the factors that hinder or facilitate CRC screening in this context to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of various screening methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1352-1358"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of social media addiction on self-esteem and life satisfaction among married couples.","authors":"Lisa Chadha, Poonam Sharma, Rajwant Kaur, Inu Arya, Prashant Sharma","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1808_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1808_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The pervasive use of social media has become an integral part of daily life, influencing various aspects of individual and relational well-being. Among married couples, the impact of social media is particularly significant, as excessive engagement with social media platforms may lead to diminished self-esteem and lower life satisfaction, both of which are essential components of a healthy and fulfilling marriage.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the impact of social media addiction on self-esteem and life satisfaction among married couples.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 385 married individuals, predominantly residing in Gurugram, Haryana. The impact of social media addiction on self-esteem and life satisfaction among married couples was measured using the Social Media Addiction Scale (SMAS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that the majority (44.9%) of married couples were \"little addicted\" to social media, while only (14.3%) showed moderate to high levels of addiction. A significant negative correlation was found between social media addiction and life satisfaction (r = -0.519, <i>P</i> < 0.01), while a positive correlation was observed between social media addiction and self-esteem (r = 0.329, <i>P</i> < 0.01). Regression analysis revealed that self-esteem positively predicts social media addiction (β = 0.201, <i>P</i> < .001), while life satisfaction is a negative predictor (β = -.464, <i>P</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Social media addiction is significantly influenced by self-esteem and life satisfaction. Specifically, higher levels of self-esteem and lower levels of life satisfaction are associated with increased social media addiction. Well-balanced social media usage among married couples is essential to enhancing marital satisfaction and overall well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1494-1501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding menstruation among adolescent girls in Mangalore, Karnataka.","authors":"Himani Kotian, Narayani Agrawal, Sindhu Swarna, R Shreya, Vijay M B Patil, V Anarghya, Shreeraksha","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1821_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1821_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The period of adolescence is when a girl reaches reproductive maturity. Menstrual hygiene is one of the significant elements affecting quality of life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate people's attitudes, practices and understanding of menstruation and menstrual hygiene.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted between 1 and 31 January 2020 involving 230 college-going girls belonging to the late adolescent age group (18-19 years) from four-degree colleges in Mangalore. Quota sampling was used; validated questionnaire was used to collect information regarding knowledge attitude and practices related to menstrual hygiene. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS v25.0.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusions: </strong>Knowledge regarding the basic physiology of menstruation was known to about 87% of participants. However, the source of blood was known to only 65%. The main source of their information was their mothers. About half of the students were aware of the various premenstrual signs and infections linked to poor menstrual hygiene. Various taboos regarding menstruation are still prevalent; however, it was surprising that the taboo was comparatively lesser among rural people. More than 80% of people thought that men should also be educated regarding menstruation. Sanitary pads were the most used absorbent material due to its ease of use and availability. Disposal was mainly through flushing, especially among rural students. Burning of the absorbent material is also followed; disposal bins were mainly used by urban students. About 38% of urban and 36.6% of rural students miss college during their menses, mainly due to pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1472-1477"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of nicotine dependence among tobacco users in a rural area of Salem, Tamilnadu: Community based cross sectional study.","authors":"M Vijayakarthikeyan, S Raju Kannan, S Thamarai Kannan, P Angayarkanni","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1554_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1554_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>India is the 2^nd largest consumer of tobacco worldwide. Tobacco use for longer duration leads to nicotine dependance and also increases the chances of dependance to other substances Morbidity and mortality rates are increasing due to tobacco use.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>1. To estimate the prevalence of physical and psychological nicotine dependance among tobacco users in rural area. 2. To determine the factors associated with of physical and psychological nicotine dependance among tobacco users in rural area.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>It is a community-based analytical cross-sectional study conducted among 405 tobacco users (>18 years) in the field area of a Medical College in Tamil Nadu. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect data including Fagerstrom physical nicotine dependance scale and TAPDS psychological dependance scale. The data was entered in MS Excel and analysis was done using SPSS software (version 22).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age was 36 ± 11.2 Years and 284 (70.1%) were males. Nearly 270 (66.7%) use smoked form of tobacco, and 88 (21.7%) were using tobacco for ≥10 Years About 179 (44.1%) and 120 (29.6%) had high and moderate physical dependence respectively. Also, 127 (31.3%) had mild psychological dependence. In binary logistic regression analysis, high physical nicotine dependance was significantly associated with male, age of initiation of tobacco use <30 Years, and ≥10 Years of tobacco use. Psychological nicotine dependance was associated with male gender and ≥10 Years of tobacco use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Even though many legislative measures and acts were passed by the government nicotine dependance prevalence was high in this area. Lifestyle modification plays a key role in nicotine dependance, and change in the harmful lifestyle habits must be adopted. The target population for this strategy will be adolescents and early adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1238-1244"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agreement and correlation between WHO-UMC Causality scale and the Naranjo algorithm for causality assessment of adverse drug reactions at tertiary care center in Northern India.","authors":"Saurav Misra, Manmeet Kaur, Tirthankar Deb, Amit Kaushik, Abhimanyu Vohra, Kashish Sindhwani, Ashish K Saranjhna","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1148_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1148_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To develop a structured and harmonized causality assessment method has been a holy grail in pharmacovigilance. The Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI) recommends the use of the World Health Organization-Uppsala Monitoring Centre (WHO-UMC) scale, whereas many clinicians prefer the Naranjo algorithm for its simplicity. There is no universally accepted method for the causality grading of ADRs. In the present study, we assessed agreement and correlation between the two widely used causality assessment scales, that is, the WHO-UMC criteria and the Naranjo algorithm.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this study, 313 individual case safety reports were analyzed from April 1, 2020, to March 31, 2023, reported at the Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Center (AMC) at Kalpana Chawla Government Medical College, Karnal. Two well-trained independent groups performed a causality assessment. One group performed a causality assessment of 313 ADRs using the WHO-UMC criteria and the other group performed the same using the Naranjo algorithm. The agreement between two ADR causality scales was assessed using the weighted kappa (κ) test. Spearman's correlation was also used to find the correlation between the two scales.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ) statistical test was applied between the two scales (WHO-UMC scale and Naranjo algorithm) to find out the agreement between these two scales. A weak agreement was found between the two scales (Kappa statistics with 95% confidence interval = 0.463, [<i>P</i> < 0.001]). Spearman's correlation coefficient was found to be 0.506.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The assessment of causality for adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is challenging, and none of the different methods available for assessing ADR causality is accepted as the gold standard. In our study, we found weak agreement between the WHO-UMC criteria and the Naranjo algorithm. It is essential to standardize the causality assessment tool to create a universally acceptable method for assessing causality. Further research is needed to establish a gold standard method for assessing the causality of adverse drug reactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1252-1258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on fertility quality of life of couples attending infertility clinic of a teaching institution of New Delhi.","authors":"Sruthi M Vijayan, Sanjeev K Rasania, Anita S Acharya, Nazish Rasheed, Pikee Saxena","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1235_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1235_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are 48 million couples, and 186 million individuals live with infertility globally. Dealing with infertility and its treatment can negatively influence the couple's psycho-social well-being and interpersonal relationships, which in turn affects their fertility quality of life. Most of the studies have focused on the fertility quality of life of women suffering from infertility and very few studies have seen the impact of infertility on fertility quality of life in men.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the fertility quality of life of the couples attending infertility clinic of a tertiary healthcare institution of New Delhi.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Couples attending infertility clinic of Smt. Sucheta Kriplani Hospital (SSKH), New Delhi were included. The study period was from January 2021 to December 2021. Written informed consent was taken from study subjects. A semi-structured, self-designed interview schedule was used to collect information from study subjects. FertiQoL questionnaire was used to assess subjects' fertility quality of life.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean total score of fertility quality of life was better among husbands (57.19 ± 8.22) as compared to wives (51.30 ± 8.69). Fertility quality of life was found to be better in wives and husbands suffering from secondary infertility. Fertility quality of life was highest in wives and husbands belonging to upper class.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In general, fertility quality of life was better in, husbands as compared to wives, wives and husbands who are suffering with secondary infertility and wives and husbands belonging to higher socio-economic status.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1379-1383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between coping strategies, stress, and anxiety among King Saud University medical students.","authors":"Mohammad A Aljaffer, Ali A Almazam, Faisal G Alzahrani, Fahad M Alsultan, Abdulaziz M Alrasheed, Rayyan M Almousa, Abdullah I Alsuhaibani","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1820_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1820_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The issue of how personality impacts individuals' coping mechanisms in response to stressful circumstances has been extensively explored. There has been scholarly discourse on the potential confusion of stress-coping styles with personality traits.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between coping strategies, stress, and anxiety among medical students at King Saud University.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 332 medical students completed a survey assessing stress and anxiety levels using standardized scales, alongside questions on coping strategies. Correlation analysis examined associations between variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Stress and anxiety exhibited a very weak positive correlation (r = 0.074, P = 0.175). Stress levels showed a moderate positive correlation with coping strategies (r = 0.312, P < 0.001), while coping strategies correlated moderately negatively with anxiety (r = -0.231, P < 0.001) but not with stressors. Academic-related stressors were predominant (63%), with problem-focused coping strategies like seeking social support and planning commonly employed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite higher anxiety levels correlating with increased coping strategy use among medical students, specific stressor types did not influence strategy choice. Targeted interventions are needed to address stress triggers and enhance well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1169-1173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients of irritable bowel syndrome fulfilling Rome IV criteria: An observational study.","authors":"Ranita Bhattacharya, Kumari Pratima, Preeti, Shivlok Narayan Ambedkar","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1196_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1196_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rome IV criteria for the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome have been introduced recently hence, there are very few studies conducted to know the prevalence of IBS using these criteria. Prevalence of psychiatric disorder vary depending on criteria used. In view of these facts, this study was conducted to estimate prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients of IBS fulfilling Rome IV criteria.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Observational study at a tertiary care hospital in northern India. We included 100 patients aged ≥18 years who were diagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome fulfilling ROME IV criteria and assessed for different psychiatric manifestations using Patient health questionnaire after taking informed written consent.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>75% of the IBS patient had more than one psychiatric comorbidity, while 25% had no psychiatric illness. The most common psychiatric comorbidity observed was generalized anxiety disorder 44%, followed by major depression in 38%, somatization disorder in 23%, panic disorder 18%, alcohol use disorder 18% and eating disorder. Statistically significant difference was found among patient having somatization disorder, eating disorder and alcohol use disorder among male and female.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study emphasizes the need for regular counselling regarding psychiatric associations in IBS patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1478-1485"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for congenital hypothyroidism by using cord blood thyroid stimulating hormone (CBTSH) levels in neonates.","authors":"Laxmi Gudaganatti, Sangamma G Sajjan, Romana Khursheed","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1393_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1393_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common preventable cause of mental retardation in children. Hypothyroidism in the neonatal period is always overlooked, and delayed discovery results in the most devastating outcomes, such as mental retardation, stressing the importance of newborn screening, which is one of the major achievements in preventive medicine. According to previous studies, Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) screening is more specific for identifying CH. TSH levels in umbilical cord blood remain an easy and useful means to screen for congenital hypothyroidism, and it is widely documented that maternal and neonatal factors influence Cord Blood Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (CBTSH) levels. The current study was conducted to screen for and determine the effects of various perinatal and maternal variables on CBTSH levels.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the incidence of congenital hypothyroidism using CBTSH) levels and to examine the influence of maternal and perinatal factors on these levels.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 106 neonates. Samples were collected from the neonatal ward of a tertiary care hospital in urban south Karnataka, India. An umbilical cord blood sample was collected, and the CBTSH assay was performed using the electrochemiluminescence method. The data obtained were statistically analyzed.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>In the present study, the mean cord blood TSH level was 6.20 ± 5.90 μIU/ml. There was a statistically significant association between the mean CBTSH level and maternal complications (Age, mode of delivery, gravida, and prenatal hypothyroidism status). A higher CBTSH level was found in preterm babies with an APGAR score of <7, vaginal deliveries, primigravida, male sex, and low-birth-weight babies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study found a significant association between CBTSH levels and maternal health problems. Preterm newborns with an appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration score of <7, normal vaginal delivery, primigravida, male sex, and low birth weight had higher CBTSH levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1375-1378"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products and its role in cardiovascular risk assessment in hyperglycemia - A study in North India.","authors":"Aparna Gupta, Parul Goyal, Smita Roy, Pratip Jana, Ajay Chauhan, Sarita Jilowa, Yashasvi Panghal","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1356_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1356_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their cellular receptors (RAGEs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its progression to cardiovascular disease (CVD). A marker of the AGE-RAGE axis, soluble RAGE (sRAGE), was examined in this study in various glycemic states as well as in low- and high-CVD-risk patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 25 adults were recruited into each of the \"Normoglycemic\", \"Prediabetic\", and \"Diabetic\" groups based on American Diabetes Association 2019 HbA1c% level criteria. Using online American Heart Association Atherosclerotic CVD (AHA ASCVD) risk calculator and guidelines, patients were classified into \"Low\" and \"High\" risk categories. Serum sRAGE was assayed using sandwich ELISA technology. Serum markers necessary for calculation of homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) were spectrophotometrically estimated. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) was analyzed using B-mode carotid ultrasonography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mann-Whitney U analysis showed that sRAGE, AIP, HOMA-IR, CIMT, and %10-year CVD risk values were significantly different in the two ASCVD risk categories. Spearman test showed a significant correlation between sRAGE and other markers. ROC curve analysis demonstrated a higher area under the curve for sRAGE than other known parameters to differentiate between ASCVD risk categories. Finally, odds ratio analysis showed that sRAGE had higher odds of detecting high CVD risk than AIP or CIMT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study has demonstrated the possible role of sRAGE in CVD development and suggests that they may serve as screening markers for future CVD risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1325-1332"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}