Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care最新文献

{"title":"Earlier first-time memory clinic visits during the COVID-19 pandemic: A comparison of dementia severity and caregiver burden.","authors":"Akiko Maeda, Megumi Suzuki, Shota Suzumura, Eiko Kamiya, Daisuke Yamaguchi, Keisuke Okaniwa, Hajime Takechi","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1621_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1621_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic prompted widespread restrictions on daily activities, leading to concerns over delayed medical consultations. However, limited social interaction outside the home may have increased the time family members spent with older adults, potentially facilitating earlier detection of dementia symptoms. This study aimed to examine changes in dementia severity, cognitive function, and caregiver burden at initial visits to a memory clinic before and during the pandemic and compare the patterns of initial visits to outpatient memory clinics.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In total, 378 patient-family pairs (200 before and 178 during the pandemic) were evaluated at their first clinic visit. Cognitive function, dementia severity, and caregiver burden were assessed. Group comparisons were conducted using the Mann-Whitney U and χ² tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While cognitive test scores and caregiver burden were similar between the two periods, patients who visited during the pandemic exhibited significantly lower dementia severity (clinical dementia rating: <i>P</i> = 0.001). The correlation between observed dementia severity and cognitive function remained strong in both periods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Contrary to expectations of delayed care, the pandemic period was associated with earlier clinical visits for patients with milder dementia. These results suggest that increased contact between family members and patients provided more frequent opportunities for support and intervention, which prevented a decline in activities of daily living among patients with the same cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 2","pages":"733-739"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13098830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147773294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of adverse respiratory symptoms among e-cigarette users at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Khalid A Bin Abdulrahman, Osama Thamer Al-Ahmari, Abdulrahman Abdullah Almudawi, Jehad Yaser Al-Ghamdi, Naif Bandar Al-Mutairi, Talal Saleh Alanazi","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1330_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1330_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have become a popular alternative to traditional smoking, especially among youth. However, their impact on respiratory health is underexplored in the Saudi university context. The aim is to assess the prevalence of e-cigarette use and its association with adverse respiratory symptoms among students at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from August to October 2024 among 404 undergraduate students at IMSIU. A validated, bilingual questionnaire (in Arabic and English) was distributed via social media. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's Chi-square or exact tests were used to assess associations between e-cigarette use and respiratory symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 404 respondents, 27.2% were current e-cigarette users, and 76.5% of them had used e-cigarettes in the past five days. E-cigarette use was significantly associated with adverse respiratory symptoms. Bronchitis was reported in 41.7% of nonusers who had abstained in the past 30 days, compared to 16.3% and 12.5% among users who vaped for one to five days and six to 30 days, respectively (<i>P</i> = .048). Chronic cough, chest congestion, wheezing, and breathlessness were significantly more prevalent among current and former users than never users (<i>P</i> < .05 across multiple symptoms).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>E-cigarette use is prevalent among Saudi university students and is linked to increased respiratory symptoms, including bronchitis, wheezing, and fatigue. These findings highlight the urgent need for public health strategies, educational programs, and regulatory actions to address the health risks of vaping in young populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 2","pages":"659-667"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13098866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147773309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain assessment and management in the emergency department: A prospective quasi-experimental study.","authors":"Debasis Pal, Sakshi Yadav, Prakash Ranjan Mishra, Akshay Kumar, Anand Kumar Das, Golak Prasad Patra, Ankit Kumar Sahoo, K Mehul","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1421_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1421_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Rapid assessment and treatment of pain is crucial when a patient first arrives in the emergency department (ED). Overcrowding and underassessment of pain can lead to inadequate management. There is also a paucity of literature on pain assessment and management practices in EDs. Hence, we decided to conduct a study to do a gap analysis on ongoing pain management practices in the ED and increase adherence to standard international pain management guidelines through a teaching program, with a vision for a \"pain-free ED.\"</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This quasi-experimental study examined ED patients with pain. The study was conducted in three phases: pre-training, training, and post-training. Observing the ED pain assessment and management practices was the primary objective. Patient demographics, pain assessment method, door-to-analgesia time, and the analgesic prescribed were recorded, among others. Training of residents and changes in pain management practices were secondary objectives.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Two hundred and forty-six patients were recruited in each of the pre-training and post-training phases. Before training, pain assessment was conducted in 19.5% of cases, primarily using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Reassessment was done in only 22% of cases. Median door-to-analgesia time was 46.50 min, interquartile range (20-107). After training, pain assessment significantly improved from 19.5% to 59.8% (<i>P</i> = 0.0001). The rate of analgesic prescription at triage increased from 42.68% to 53.65% (<i>P</i> = 0.014). No significant change in door-to-analgesia time was observed (<i>P</i> = 0.091).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights deficiencies in current pain management practices in the ED and underscores the necessity for a structured departmental pain protocol. Recommendations include emphasizing pain assessment, documentation, and early prescription of correct analgesics. Positive outcomes in our study underscore the potential benefits of educational initiatives in optimizing pain management in the ED.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 2","pages":"686-692"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13098843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147773331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: AI in hematology: A new frontier for nursing practice and patient care.","authors":"","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_359_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_359_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article on p. 45 in vol. 15, PMID: 41816129.].</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 2","pages":"1049"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13098832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147773015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of once-weekly basal insulin therapy for a dementia patient with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus and living alone.","authors":"Hiroshi Yoshino, Takenori Okumura, Kyoko Kawakami, Kei Yoshino, Gen Yoshino, Hajime Takechi","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1936_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1936_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Living alone may be one of the risk factors not only for patients with dementia, but also for dementia patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). An 89-year-old Japanese male, who lived alone visited our hospital with his daughter due to memory impairment, delusion of persecution, and diabetes mellitus. Laboratory investigations revealed a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c: NGSP) of 11.3%. The patient was subsequently evaluated for cognitive disorders. He scored 22 points on the MMSE. Hence, visiting nursing care was introduced once per week. Furthermore, we initiated once-weekly omarigliptin therapy. Six months later, however, his HbA1c had not improved. Therefore, we changed his diabetic therapy to once weekly dulaglutide with care for appetite loss, which resulted in improvement in his HbA1c. However, since he lost 3 kg in weight, we changed his treatment back to omarigliptin in 3 months. Seven months later, since his HbA1c was increased once again, we switched back to dulaglutide once weekly with care for appetite loss. Recently, Insulin icodec has been released as once-weekly basal insulin therapy. Two months later, we changed his treatment to once-weekly insulin icodec 20 units once weekly, along with care for hypoglycemia. Omarigliptin was also added. Six months later, his HbA1c had improved to 8.0%. Once-weekly basal insulin is a potential treatment option for the diabetic patients with dementia and home visit medical treatment. Our case report emphasizes the utility of visiting nursing care and appropriate insulin dosing, using once-weekly basal insulin therapy for dementia patients with DM who live alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 2","pages":"1018-1021"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13098815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147773037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: The impact of variations in the chikungunya genome on the clinical manifestations and transmission of the disease.","authors":"","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_217_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_217_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article on p. 4940 in vol. 14, PMID: 41624669.].</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 2","pages":"1048"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13098846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147773044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing performance motivation of Accredited Social Health Activists, the community health volunteers of India - A mixed method study.","authors":"Richa Sharma, Srishti Gulati, Gautami Panigrahi, Ananth Kumar, Gurinder B Singh, Atul Kotwal","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1973_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1973_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims and objectives: </strong>This study aims to explore the factors influencing the performance motivation of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) across four Indian states with different incentive models.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A mixed-methods study was conducted between March and November 2022, which assessed ASHA motivation across four incentive systems: only performance-based (Meghalaya), fixed top-up (Rajasthan), variable top-up (Chhattisgarh), and fixed incentive (Andhra Pradesh), selected through state consultations. Quantitatively, 1200 ASHAs were surveyed, and descriptive and bivariate analyses were conducted in SPSS 26 and Excel. Qualitatively, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with ASHAs and health system personnel, with data analyzed using manual thematic analysis. Data quality was ensured through validated tools and regular triangulation to enhance reliability and consistency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found that financial incentives were just one factor affecting ASHA motivation. Nonmonetary factors, both intrinsic (self-motivation, altruism, social responsibility) and extrinsic (career progression, support, work environment), played significant roles. ASHAs in Chhattisgarh showed the highest motivation despite receiving lower financial incentives compared to other states. The qualitative data supported these findings, highlighting the importance of nonmonetary incentives in driving motivation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that ASHA motivation can be enhanced by combining both monetary and nonmonetary incentives. A performance-based incentive with a variable top-up model appears effective, but state-level adaptations based on sociocultural contexts are crucial. Given ASHAs' critical role in delivering government health programs, sustained efforts to boost their motivation are essential to improving primary healthcare delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 2","pages":"844-852"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13098804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147773149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on assessment of risk factors for non-communicable diseases in adopted families under family adoption programme - A community - based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Sowmyasudha Kothapalle, Bhuvaneswari Peddireddy, Muni Susmitha Kuntumalla, Venkata Vardhan Pedireddy, Govindu Sugali","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_836_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_836_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and chronic respiratory diseases are the major global health challenges accounting for a significant proportion of mortality and morbidity worldwide. These diseases are primarily driven by a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The Family Adoption Program (FAP), implemented in various settings, aims to enhance healthcare access and health literacy by pairing medical students or healthcare professionals with families, particularly in underserved communities. This program offers a unique opportunity to assess and address the risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) within these adopted families. During our visits to adopted families under FAP Prevalence of Hypertension is found to be 24.72% and Diabetes to be 21%. we can plan for preventive measures for the adopted families is also insisting on implementing programs and preventive measures among the adopted families in view of this we carried out this study to conduct.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases among adopted families.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A community based cross-sectional study will be conducted from September 2024 to November 2024 for a period of 3 months in one urban slum of Ram Nagar colony in Nellore. A total of 405 sample is calculated by using a standard statistical formula and distributed among the adopted families of 875 by simple random sampling method. Data is collected by using a semi-structured closed ended questionnaire. The collected data will be entered into Microsoft Excel and exported to SPSS software version 26 for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>30%-40% of the population have risk factors for non-communicable diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 2","pages":"949-954"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13098904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147773181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and awareness about microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus among Taif University medical students.","authors":"Bader M A Albaqami, Abdullah S A Albugmi, Faisal K H Alhomayani","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1457_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1457_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Microvascular complications are among the most significant long-term consequences of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and primarily include diabetic neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the knowledge and awareness of microvascular complications of DM among medical students at Taif University, aiming to identify gaps and develop targeted educational interventions to improve patient care and health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study gathered data through a self-administered questionnaire designed to evaluate the students' knowledge and awareness of the microvascular complications of DM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study assessed 669 participants. Most participants (<i>n</i> = 337, 50.4%) were aged 18-20 years, and gender distribution was nearly balanced (males: <i>n</i> = 348, 52.0%; females: <i>n</i> = 321, 48.0%). Notably, 345 (51.6%) had no clinical exposure to diabetic patients, and 364 (54.4%) did not attend diabetes-specific training. A majority rated their knowledge of DM as \"Good\" (<i>n</i> = 288, 43.0%), with 209 (31.2%) identifying all Type II DM (T2DM) risk factors. Clinical exposure (<i>P</i> = 0.003) and training (<i>P</i> = 0.004) were significantly associated with higher knowledge scores. Additionally, 347 (51.9%) recognized glycemic control as essential for preventing complications. Knowledge of risk factors was also linked to higher awareness scores (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Students with \"Good to Excellent\" diabetes knowledge had significantly higher awareness scores (<i>P</i> = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed gaps in knowledge and awareness of diabetic microvascular complications among medical students, with clinical exposure and diabetes-specific training significantly improving knowledge scores. Enhancing education on glycemic control and risk factors through targeted interventions can improve students' preparedness in managing and preventing diabetes-related complications effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 2","pages":"709-716"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13098869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147773214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceptance of trial of labour after caesarean with checklist used in counselling during antenatal care at a teaching institution in Bihar, India: A prospective observational study.","authors":"Deepali Bhagat, Ranjana, Jyotsna Pathak, Neeru Goel, Priya Saini","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_79_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_79_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Trial of labour after caesarean (TOLAC) should be preferred over Elective Repeat Caesarean Deliveries (ERCD) if not contraindicated. For this, proper counselling of patient for TOLAC is needed beginning from antenatal period.</p><p><strong>Aims and objectives: </strong>To evaluate the preference of women for the mode of delivery after the first CD using RCOG checklist during antenatal period.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (IGIMS), Patna, Bihar, India for a period of 18 months. A total of 157 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups. Group 1: (117 cases) All booked pregnant women counselled throughout the antenatal period using RCOG checklist. Group 2: All unbooked pregnant women not counselled for TOLAC during antenatal period. Baseline demographic and obstetrical details, preferred mode of delivery, reason for the preferred mode of delivery, any change in preference, reason for change in preference, actual mode of delivery, the success rate of VBAC, and maternal and neonatal outcomes were recorded in both groups and data were statistically analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increased acceptance for TOLAC was seen among participants of both groups, but difference was not statistically significant (<i>P</i> = 0.158). There was significant difference between number of women preferring TOLAC during counselling (47.9% and 35% in Group 1 and 2, respectively) versus the number of women who actually underwent TOLAC (28.2% and 66.7% in Group 1 and 2, respectively). Success rate of VBAC in Group 1 and Group 2 was 28.2%. and 66.7% respectively, and overall VBAC success rate was 37.2%. Maternal and neonatal outcomes with different modes of delivery were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Antenatal counselling using RCOG checklist increases preference for TOLAC, but the number of women who actually underwent TOLAC was significantly less. Various reasons behind this need to be addressed and analyze, and plan should be made to increase TOLAC and successful VBAC rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 2","pages":"933-942"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13105397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147773248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}