Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care最新文献

{"title":"From signal to strategy: Advancing traffic-light lifestyle frameworks through digital augmentation and holistic NCD risk profiling.","authors":"Helan Rajan, S Johnson","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_387_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_387_26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 6","pages":"2361-2362"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13465756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148722185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons in quality from the successful recognition and management of schwannomma in a tribal adolescent in rural Rajasthan, India: The pivotal role of plural, porous, and learning primary care teams.","authors":"Colis Anwari, Varsha Shridhar, Mayank Khurana, Gargi Goel, Pavitra Mohan, Ramakrishna Prasad","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1737_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1737_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rural primary health care (PHC) teams often encounter complex cases where outcomes are impacted by limited access to diagnostics and delayed referrals. Achieving positive health outcomes in such contexts depends on a dynamic interplay of biopsychosocio-ecological factors influencing individuals, organizations, and society. These factors contribute to delays in seeking, reaching, and receiving care. Moreover, a mismatch often exists between problem-solving, learning needs, culture of primary care teams, and the frameworks used by educators and policymakers in health system design. In this context, an interprofessional group of primary care and health system practitioners, educators, and researchers presents an illustrative case of a tribal adolescent girl in rural Rajasthan, India. Her diagnosis, referral, and recovery were successfully managed by a rural primary care team comprising a physician, physiotherapist, community nurse, counselor, and outreach workers. Using the \"Three Delays Framework\", we analyzed the team's functioning that enabled early recognition and effective management of a complex condition. We identified cultural and structural elements that fostered quality in learning and problem-solving-specifically, interprofessional collaboration, plurality, \"porous\" and flattened team hierarchies, and reflexive, adaptive learning. This paper is aimed at primary care practitioners, educators, health systems designers, and policy makers whose thinking and decisions shape comprehensive PHC. We particularly highlight the need to consciously foster a culture of learning and problem-solving in primary care teams.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 6","pages":"2318-2321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13465757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148723435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on \"Impact of delayed and early umbilical cord clamping on maternal and neonatal outcome - A prospective observational study\".","authors":"V Revathi","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2282_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2282_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 6","pages":"2369"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13466078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148723371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public knowledge of plantar fasciitis and its determinants in Saudi Arabia: A national cross-sectional study.","authors":"Marwan Zamzami, Abdulmalik Alduraibi, Abdulaziz Saad AlNahari, Abdullah I Alturki, Khalid Alhamdi, Yazeed Alsanad, Turki S Alotaibi","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_364_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_364_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Plantar fasciitis (PF) is a leading cause of heel pain globally, imposing a significant burden on quality of life. Despite its high prevalence in Saudi Arabia, data regarding public awareness of its etiology, risk factors, and preventive measures remain limited. Understanding these gaps is essential for designing effective health education strategies. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate public knowledge of plantar fasciitis, its risk factors, and preventive measures among adults in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted, including 1,032 Saudi adults aged 18 years and older. Data were collected using an online questionnaire. The instrument comprised five sections: (1) demographic characteristics; (2) general knowledge, risk factors, and clinical features of PF; (3) sources of knowledge; (4) knowledge about treatment options; and (5) knowledge of preventive measures. Each knowledge item used a three-point response format (Yes/No/I do not know), and correct answers were scored as \"1,\" while incorrect and \"I do not know\" responses were scored as \"0.\" The questionnaire was administered in Arabic, and participation was voluntary and anonymous. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were employed to assess differences in knowledge scores by demographic variables and information sources.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis included 1,032 participants (59.5% male, 40.5% female). The most frequently reported information sources were the Internet (60.9%) and social media (57.2%), while professional sources were less common. Participants demonstrated moderate overall knowledge, scoring highest in treatment awareness (55.7%) and lowest in clinical features (44.7%). Of note, demographic disparities were observed: females exhibited higher mean knowledge scores than males (55.4% vs. 47.3%, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Furthermore, participants who obtained information from healthcare professionals achieved significantly higher knowledge scores (e.g., Family Physicians: 65.2%) compared to those relying on social media (58.3%) or the Internet (58.8%) (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Public knowledge of PI in Saudi Arabia is satisfactory overall, with notable deficits in understanding specific clinical symptoms and preventive strategies. While the public relies heavily on digital media for health information, this reliance is associated with lower knowledge levels compared to professional consultation. Based on these findings, we recommend integrating professional medical expertise into digital channels and employing multi-platform awareness campaign strategies to enhance public understanding and ensure high-quality information reaches the wider population.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 6","pages":"2230-2237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13465902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148726723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Granulomatosis with polyangiitis presenting with predominant neuro-otological involvement in an adolescent male: A diagnostic challenge - A case report.","authors":"Apparao B Kale, Jaikumar D Mulchandani, Vilas P Gundecha, Rhea Ahuja","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_440_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_440_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis that typically affects the upper and lower respiratory tract and kidneys. In adolescents, atypical presentations with predominant neuro-otological features may delay diagnosis. We report a 15-year-old boy who presented with progressive bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, facial nerve palsy, multiple lower cranial nerve deficits, dysphagia, and hoarseness, initially suggestive of chronic meningitis. Magnetic resonance imaging showed pachymeningeal enhancement with skull-base involvement. There was no renal or classical sinonasal involvement. Pulmonary infiltrates were initially attributed to aspiration pneumonia, and an infectious etiology was suspected. Prolonged antimicrobial therapy, however, did not result in sustained improvement. Lung biopsy demonstrated necrotizing granulomatous inflammation, and PR3-ANCA positivity confirmed GPA. Immunosuppressive therapy led to marked clinical improvement. Predominant neuro-otological involvement with misleading pulmonary findings can pose a significant diagnostic challenge in adolescent GPA.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 6","pages":"2334-2337"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13465743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148723504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pilot survey among patients taking bromhexine prophylactically against influenza.","authors":"Vanyo Mitev, Violeta S Dimitrova, Iva Miteva, Rumen Tiholov, Krasimir Marinov, Ani Miteva, Aleksander I Lilov, Radoslav Bilyukov, Zornitsa Mihaylova, Nikolay Ishkitiev, Konstantin Tachkov, Tsanko Mondeshki","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_185_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_185_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The successful use of bromhexine hydrochloride (BRH) for COVID-19 prevention led us to apply the same method for flu prevention. The goal of this study is to observe whether BRH could protect people against influenza.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is noninterventional, observational, questionnaire-based survey. General practitioners informed their patients to take BRH 8 mg twice per day for at least 3 weeks if they want. The mean participant age was 58.9 years (95% CI: 57.4-60.5), with a median of 62 years, indicating that the sample predominantly consisted of individuals over 60 years of age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average number of comorbidities was 0.98, and the mean duration of prophylactic use was 80 days (95% CI: 76.7-83.7). The reported influenza incidence within the sample was 10.6%. Influenza incidence among individuals taking BRH prophylactically was significantly lower compared to national data (36.15%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Longer use was associated with a modest reduction in risk. The number of comorbidities remained the strongest predictor of influenza occurrence. Age had no significant impact among those using BRH prophylactically. The model demonstrated good discriminative ability but limited calibration, and the results should be interpreted cautiously.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 6","pages":"2296-2303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13465754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148721817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is faster always better? The case of same-day diagnosis of tuberculosis.","authors":"Pavitra Mohan, Yogita Thakral, Varsha Shridhar, Bhargab Chowdhury","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1242_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1242_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Same-day tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and treatment initiation are increasingly promoted to reduce delays in care and loss to follow-up. Rapid molecular diagnostics have made this feasible, but their implementation among marginalized rural populations presents important challenges. An exclusive focus on speed may compromise diagnostic quality and patient-centred care in settings marked by chronic malnutrition and limited access to healthcare. Chronic malnutrition may impair sputum production, reducing specimen quality and diagnostic sensitivity, while socioeconomic constraints shape care-seeking and continuity of care. Drawing on experience from rural primary healthcare, we argue that diagnostic strategies should balance speed, specimen quality and patient-centred care. Flexible, context-specific approaches, rather than a universal emphasis on same-day diagnosis, are needed to improve TB care among vulnerable populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 6","pages":"2189-2191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13465744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148721857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution and prevalence of HPV in HIV-negative and -positive women: Hospital-based study from Central India.","authors":"Kirti Patel, Kavita N Singh, Sakshi Mishra, Sonal Sahni, Ritambhara Purohit, Archana Singh","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_194_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_194_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Causal association of human papillomavirus (HPV) with genital malignancies and nonmalignant disorders is well established. Immunocompromised status can affect the prevalence of HPV infection and presentation.</p><p><strong>Aims and objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to look at the prevalence of HPV strains in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative and -positive women, to plan screening strategies and identify high-risk women early for early cancer prevention.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 1095 women screened for HPV were analyzed retrospectively. Available details were entered in the master chart, and descriptive analysis was done.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three hundred forty-five HIV-negative and 750 HIV-positive women were screened. The HPV positivity rate was 11.8% in the HIV-negative group, while it was 31.6% in HIV-positive women.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the increased risk of HPV infection and cervical dysplasia in HIV-positive women, stressing the need for comprehensive cervical cancer screening. Regular HPV and triage testing are vital for early detection and cancer prevention. Implementing one-stop solutions at anti retroviral therapy (ART) centers, including counseling, ART management, and cervical cancer screening, will improve outcomes. Enhanced public health initiatives for HPV vaccination and routine screening are essential for reducing cervical cancer burden in high-risk groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 6","pages":"2210-2214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13466065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148722103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropometric indices and elevated blood pressure: A record-based study among employees of a tertiary health care institute in Telangana.","authors":"N Kusneniwar Govindrao, Attota Ratna Sowryaswi, Enubothula Sampath Kumar, Neeraj Agarwal","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2059_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2059_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension is a major global health concern and a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease. With rising obesity rates, anthropometric indices such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) are increasingly used as non-invasive screening tools to identify individuals at risk of elevated blood pressure.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the association between anthropometric indices and elevated blood pressure among employees of a tertiary health care institute in Telangana.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among employees at Tertiary Healthcare Institute, Telangana during a hypertension screening drive. Participants included healthcare and administrative staff. Data were collected on height, weight, WC, and blood pressure using WHO-recommended protocols. Hypertension and pre-hypertension were defined as per JNC VIII criteria. Statistical analysis, including logistic regression, to evaluate associations between anthropometric measures and blood pressure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant association was observed between elevated blood pressure and increased BMI, WC, and WHtR (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Central adiposity, male gender, and age > 30 years were identified as significant risk factors. Pre-hypertension was found in 23% of participants, indicating a high-risk group requiring early intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anthropometric indices are valuable tools for early detection of hypertension in occupational settings. Routine screening and workplace interventions focusing on lifestyle modifications are essential to prevent long-term cardiovascular complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 6","pages":"2290-2295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13465897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148724909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional status and behaviour difficulties among adolescent girls in a rural area of Ludhiana - A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Daljit Kaur, Sangeeta Girdhar, Sarit Sharma, Vikram Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2279_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2279_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescence is a vital phase of physical and psychological development, often accompanied by nutritional and mental health challenges. Adolescent girls are especially vulnerable due to the physiological demands of puberty and evolving lifestyle behaviours.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the epidemiological correlates of nutritional status and screen exposure among adolescent girls. To study the determinants of mental health difficulties through behavioural screening using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2023 to June 2024 among 230 adolescent girls aged 13-17 years in the field practice area of RHTC, Pohir, selected through systematic random sampling. Data on sociodemographic profile, diet, physical activity and screen exposure were collected using a pretested questionnaire. Behavioural screening was done using SDQ. Relevant statistical tests were applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 230 participants, 24.9% were thin and 10.5% overweight/obese. Central obesity was found in 7.4% which was significantly associated with overweight/obesity (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Calorie intake showed a significant association with BMI (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Screen exposure >2 hours/day was reported by 57.8% and was significantly associated with insufficient sleep (<i>P</i> = 0.007), spectacle use (<i>P</i> = 0.01) and mother's occupation (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Based on SDQ scores, 76.1% had normal, 14.8% borderline and 9.1% abnormal total difficulties scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adolescent girls exhibited malnutrition and mental health concerns, with screen exposure and dietary patterns playing a significant role. Early and targeted interventions are essential to address these risk factors and promote holistic adolescent health.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"15 6","pages":"2277-2283"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13465903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148726279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}