Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care最新文献

{"title":"Interplay between lipid profiles, thyroid function, and gallstone disease: A clinical perspective.","authors":"Vivek Nagappa, Akhila Bhandarkar","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1772_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1772_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>New research points to a complicated relationship between gallstone disease (GSD), thyroid function, and lipid profiles. To better understand how to prevent and treat GSD, this study will look at how common thyroid abnormalities are among people with the diagnosis, as well as any dyslipidemias that may be present.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional observational study worked out at a tertiary care hospital in southern India's Department of General Surgery. We enrolled 60 persons with a GSD diagnosis. We divided patients with only gallstones and gallstones with common bile duct stones and thyroid function was classified as euthyroid, subclinical hypothyroidism, or clinical hypothyroidism. Results showing triglycerides >150 mg/dL and total cholesterol >200 mg/dL were judged high in the lipid profile evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of the cohort was between the ages of 51 and 60, and there were 61.6% females and 38.4% males. Subclinical hypothyroidism affected 13.33% of individuals, while 86.67% were euthyroid. We did not find any cases of clinical hypothyroidism. A total of 100% of individuals with subclinical hypothyroidism had dyslipidemia, while only 36.5% of euthyroid patients did. Elevated total cholesterol levels were shown to be significantly correlated with subclinical hypothyroidism (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The total cholesterol levels of obese people were also noticeably greater than those of normal-weight persons (<i>P</i> = 0.04). There was no discernible relationship between thyroid function or dyslipidemia, and gallstone type (alone vs. mixed with CBD stones).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Knowing the status of thyroid function is essential to manage lipid abnormality in patients with gallstones even though there is no significant association with gallstones. Gallstone formation and lipid metabolism are both influenced by thyroid function status and its regulation. These results provide valuable insights for clinical practice in managing GSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1416-1419"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge of monkeypox and willingness to vaccinate against monkeypox among Chinese college students: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Linqiong Zhou, Hua Fan, Qingwen Yu, Xuhan Tong, Ting Tang, Siqi Hu, Yao You, Shenghui Zhang, Chen Chen, Jiake Tang, Chunyi Wang, Hu Wang, Xinyan Fu, Juan Chen, Xingwei Zhang, Yongran Cheng, Mingwei Wang","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_801_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_801_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the current knowledge level of Chinese college students about monkeypox and their willingness to receive vaccination against monkeypox and to analyze its influencing factors to provide reference for formulating targeted measures to accelerate vaccination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted as an online survey via a self-filling electronic questionnaire, and data were collected from July 1 to 16, 2023. The subjects were Chinese college students. The collected data included basic subject data, cognition of monkeypox knowledge, and willingness to receive monkeypox vaccination. The χ² test was performed to compare and analyze the classified data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 5,317 valid questionnaire responses from college students were assessed in this study. The number of male students was 3,574 (67.2%) and that of college freshmen was 2,395 (45%). The majority of college freshmen and senior students were willing to receive the monkeypox vaccine (79.7% vs. 76.0%, respectively). Regarding monkeypox as an infectious disease, 82.9% of college freshmen and 79.3% of senior students were correct. Regarding the basic knowledge about monkeypox, most college students answered the knowledge questions correctly (53.1-84.8%). In the college students, we noted a correct understanding i) of vaccination and that monkeypox is a rapidly spreading disease (<i>P</i> < 0.001), ii) that monkeypox incubation period is 5-21 days (<i>P</i> < 0.013), iii) that monkeypox prevention method is to avoid direct contact (<i>P</i> < 0.001), and iv) that smallpox vaccination can prevent monkeypox was recorded, with a significant correlation (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>College students are concerned about the monkeypox virus up to a certain extent, and they are willing to receive vaccination with the monkeypox vaccine, albeit their knowledge about the monkeypox virus is insufficient in China. In the future, dissemination of monkeypox knowledge and awareness of vaccine-related knowledge should be strengthened to further enhance the willingness to receive monkeypox vaccination.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1185-1193"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study of intraocular pressure variation among healthy and diabetic individuals.","authors":"Afreen Saif, Narsingh Verma, Shraddha Singh, Sushma S Rapelly, Deep Shikha","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1270_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1270_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes and glaucoma share several common risk factors and pathophysiological similarities. Elevated intraocular pressure, a key pathogenic feature of glaucoma and its progression, has been found to be influenced in diabetic patients. Furthermore, a link between poor glycemic control and increased intraocular pressure has been documented. Given the rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its emergence as a new pandemic with widespread effects, it is crucial to thoroughly study its impact on various body systems and implement measures to reduce these adverse effects. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the variation in intraocular pressure and its relationship with different pathogenic risk factors in diabetes mellitus patients to develop effective prevention strategies.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To study the variation in intraocular pressure among the subjects with Type II Diabetes Mellitus Settings and Study Design: This analytical cross-sectional study conducted at KGMU, Ophthalmology OPD.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>Study has been conducted on a total of 140 participants, comprising of 70 Type II DM cases and 70 age, gender-matched controls in 1year duration. Type II DM was confirmed by diagnosis while controls were selected to match in age & gender without diabetes. IOP measurement was done using non-contact tonometry and central corneal thickness was measured by non-contact method using NIDEK CEM-530 specular microscope. Regression analysis was used to assess association between Type II DM and IOP variation. Statistical analysis of the data was done using IBM SPSS Stats 25.0 version with Student t-test, Chi-square test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation with 95% CI is used. P <0.05 is considered significant.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Significant distinction in IOP between the between cases and control group is observed. And, also more the duration of diabetes with poor glycemic control may lead to raised IOP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study rules out the risk factors for raised IOP in general & diabetic population. Thus, emphasizing the need for meticulous ocular care in diabetic individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1266-1270"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary synovial sarcoma of lung - A report of two cases.","authors":"Manju Rajaram, Mahesh V Babu, Debasis Gocchait, Archana Malik, Madhusmita Mohanty Mohaptra, Naren Chandra Vijayarengan","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_813_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_813_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary synovial sarcoma (SS) is an uncommon lung tumor. The thigh, knee, ankle, foot, and upper extremities are the most often reported locations of origin. Sarcomas of the lung barely make up 0.1-0.5% of cases. This report presents two cases of primary pulmonary SS. Typically, the tumor manifests at a younger age. When the diagnosis of primary pulmonary SS is confirmed by clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical examinations, molecular testing is not necessary. Instead, radiological and histopathological findings are necessary for the diagnosis of SS. Early surgical intervention is recommended. The initial course of treatment for advanced SS includes ifosfamide and doxorubicin.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1553-1556"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proportion of hepatitis B virus infection, vaccine awareness, and coverage among pregnant mothers attending a tertiary care hospital in Odisha - A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Swayam P Parida, Baijayantimala Mishra, Vikas Bhatia, Saubhagya K Jena, Debkumar Pal, Sourabh Paul, Jyotiranjan Sahoo","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1581_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1581_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Knowledge regarding the hepatitis B vaccination is crucial for eliminating hepatitis B. We aimed to estimate the proportion of hepatitis B infection among pregnant mothers attending a tertiary care hospital in eastern India, along with an assessment of knowledge on hepatitis B infection and preventive measures among them. We also aimed to estimate the coverage of the hepatitis B vaccine and the factors responsible for the nonacceptance of the vaccine.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, for a year from 1 May 2017 to 30 April 2018. Study participants were selected from pregnant women coming to the outpatient department (OPD) of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology for routine antenatal check-ups who were willing to participate and consented to the study. A pre-designed, pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data regarding the level of knowledge on hepatitis B infection and vaccination. We also collected venous blood samples for the detection of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 510 pregnant women were recruited for 1 year. The mean age of the study participants was 27.2 years (±4.7 years). Only 2 (0.3%) out of 510 study participants were HBsAg-positive. Around two-thirds of study participants, that is, 324 (63.5%), had heard of hepatitis B. When enquired about the source of information, radio and television were mentioned by 24% of participants. Another 11% mentioned they received information from doctors. Only 12.4 % of participants received the Hep-B vaccine, 85.9% did not, and 1.8% were unaware of their vaccination status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was revealed that the proportion of hepatitis B among pregnant women was below the national level. The level of knowledge among the beneficiaries was not satisfactory. Organised health education through mass media has to be enhanced to increase awareness among the general population regarding the hepatitis B vaccination.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1420-1424"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fosfomycin susceptibility in multidrug resistant uropathogens: A retrospective study in the era of antimicrobial resistance.","authors":"Jasleen Kaur, Priya Bhat, Upasana Bhumbla","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1074_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1074_24","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Urinary tract Infection is one of the most prevalent clinical entities affecting people worldwide. The accelerating rate of antimicrobial resistance due to the unimpeded and rampant use of antimicrobials with over the counter availability of drugs has limited the therapeutic options for the treatment of UTI. Fosfomycin, an old broad spectrum antimicrobial with good pharmacokinetics have regained the importance for the treatment of multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates. The purpose of this study was to determine the &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; Fosfomycin susceptibility of common uropathogens and to study the resistance pattern of these organisms against commonly prescribed antimicrobial agents.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Material and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Bacteriology section of the Microbiology laboratory at Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, Punjab, for duration of 6 months from Dec 2022 to May 2023 from urine samples received from all clinically suspected cases of UTI. Samples were processed immediately as per standard microbiological techniques, followed by culture by a semi-quantitative method. Kass criteria were followed for interpretation of significant bacteriuria according to which significant growth was considered if colony count was more than equal to 10&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; colony forming unit (CFU)/mL. Culture positives were analysed by gram staining and on the basis of colony characteristics, gram staining, final identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility were done via Vitek 2 compact system.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 2292 urine samples received in the Microbiology laboratory were processed and cultured during the study period, which yielded 509 significant bacterial isolates, i.e. 509/2292 (22.2%) culture positivity. Among 509 culture positive samples, &lt;i&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/i&gt; 235/509 (46.1%) was the most common uropathogen isolated followed by &lt;i&gt;Klebsiella pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt; 107/509 (21.1%), &lt;i&gt;Enterococcus species&lt;/i&gt; 40/509 (7.8%). Fosfomycin depicted good &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; susceptibility of minimum 94% in both gram negative and gram positive uropathogens as compared to nitrofurantoin that showed sensitivity of 74% and 85%, respectively. Maximum resistance was observed towards cephalosporins, i.e., ceftriaxone in &lt;i&gt;Escherichia coli (&lt;/i&gt;60%) and &lt;i&gt;Klebsiella pneumoniae&lt;/i&gt; (64%) respectively followed by 50% in &lt;i&gt;Acinetobacter baumannii&lt;/i&gt;. Maximum resistance to ciprofloxacin (62%) was seen in case of &lt;i&gt;Acinetobacter baumannii&lt;/i&gt;. 172/405 (42.4%) isolates of Enterobacteriaceae family were extended spectrum β lactamase (ESBL) producers with an average Fosfomycin susceptibility of 95.9%. Among the total isolated uropathogens, 135/509 (26.5%) were multidrug resistant, out of which 116/135 (85.9%) depicted Fosfomycin susceptibility. Metallobetalactamase (MBL) production was seen in 14.3% of the isolated gram negative uropathogens. 63/73 (","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1346-1351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based mathematical equations for dengue positivity detection using elementary laboratory parameters.","authors":"Shirin Dasgupta, Shuvankar Das, Debarghya Chakraborty","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1774_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1774_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Dengue is a common and important arboviral infection transmitted by the domestic Aedes aegypti mosquito. Dengue has managed to create a huge burden on public health globally. Severe dengue may prove to be fatal. Hence, early recognition of severe cases is essential for proper management. However, the traditional methods of dengue diagnosis (ELISA, RT-PCR) recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) are not available in resource-constrained settings.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>As a replacement, two machine learning (ML)-based prediction models, specifically Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN), are utilized to predict dengue infection. These two models serve as a more affordable and simpler alternative to traditional methods because they deal with only five elementary parameters [i.e. Age, Total Leucocyte Count (TLC), Haemoglobin, Platelet Count, and Erythrocyte Sedimentation rate (ESR)]. A comprehensive review of all the input parameters is conducted, and the positivity prediction of dengue infection is correlated with past investigations. These parameters were evaluated in 122 patients who were advised to undergo a dengue test in an NABL-accredited private diagnostic centre in Midnapore, India, from June 2022 to September 2023. Out of total 122 patients, 71 were found to have greater than 9 Panbio units in the NS1 test, and 51 were found to have fewer than 9 Panbio units in the NS1 test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the present study for dengue positivity detection, the correctness of the predicted classes is determined to be 87.5% and 95.83% for MARS and ANN, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From both ML models, it is observed that Platelet Count is the most relatively important input parameter. In addition, two predictive mathematical equations are presented to detect dengue positivity for each ML model.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1437-1447"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between socio-demographic factors and reasons for medical care in Mexican adults.","authors":"Mónica Alethia Cureño-Díaz, José Ángel Hernández-Mariano, Erika Gómez Zamora, Viridiana Judith González Zavala","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1427_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1427_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The occurrence and distribution of diseases result from the interaction between biological, environmental, economic, and social factors. Although Mexico has made significant progress in the health sector, there are several problems associated with the social determinants of health, which are linked to social factors such as gender, age, income, and schooling, among others. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between socio-demographic factors with the main reasons for medical care among patients seen at a public healthcare institution in Mexico City.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analytical study in which the clinical records of 1,018 adult patients who attended any of the services provided by a public healthcare institution in Mexico City between August and December 2023 were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The odds of seeking medical care for neoplastic diseases were lower in men, among patients with their own home, with balanced economic status and surplus, but higher in people aged 40 years and older, in those with fewer intra-household and public services in their homes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Strategies for prevention, management, and control of chronic and infectious diseases need to consider social inequalities, addressing the determinants of health to generate a significant impact on the health of the population.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1279-1287"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Care at doorsteps for psychiatric disorders by the community volunteers (CAD-CV): Volunteers training and impact assessment.","authors":"Radhakrishnan Govindan, Asha A Vilson, T Y Komala, K M Pooja, G Balamurugan, Vinay B Gouda, P Rajani, Narayana Manjunatha, Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar, Suresh Bada Math","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1778_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1778_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental illness is a leading cause of disability worldwide. As it is a chronic illness, proper follow-up and treatment is necessary to improve the quality of life of individuals. Lack of human resources in mental health services is the primary barrier to reach out to the needy. We tried to train volunteers in different fields to see the effectiveness in providing Care at Doorsteps for improving mental health.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Volunteers were identified from various fields such as College students' part of NSS and NCC, Student Nurses, Teachers, ASHA workers, Anganwadi workers, Rotarians and general public who were willing to attend a session regarding basic mental health and do home visits in community to screen and identify mental illness and to provide psycho education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From April 2023 to June 2024, we trained 4755 volunteers in different streams and tried to implement CAD through them. Response rate from students was very minimal as many of them could not make any home visits. We have conducted sessions in 20 nursing colleges among which 7 colleges have reported back after continuous follow-up. 168 ASHA workers were trained and followed up in Doddabalapur, Tumkur and Chikkamagalur district. 400 Anganwadi workers from Kadur Taluk in Chikamagaluru were also trained and followed up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Care At Doorstep is a proven model for chronic psychiatric disorders involving volunteers in providing CAD in communities was a first-time attempt. Recruiting and proper follow-up for volunteers can help in reaching out to many unreached in the society.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1455-1458"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of various postnatal risk factors with progression of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm neonates: A case-control study.","authors":"Alisha Gaba, Harijot Singh, Rajwinder Kaur","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1493_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1493_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a complex disease of the developing retinal vasculature in infants born prematurely and is the leading preventable cause of childhood blindness worldwide. Multiple factors play a significant role in the pathogenesis of this disease.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Our study aimed to determine and analyze various postnatal risk factors involved in the development and progression of ROP amongst preterm neonates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control ambispective study was conducted at a single tertiary care hospital between 01-01-2019 and 31-07-2023. A total of 112 eyes (56 preterm neonates) were included after considering the various risk factors. The selected neonates were then followed up in the NICU (if admitted)/OPD (if discharged) of the Pediatrics and Ophthalmology Department.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 112 eyes screened, 98 (87.5%) were included after excluding babies who died/were lost to follow-up/had severe systemic disease. Among the 98 eyes included, 18 (18.3%) had no ROP, whereas 80 (81.6%) developed ROP. Cases (26 eyes) were selected from among the patients in whom ROP developed which progressed to require intervention, whereas controls (54 eyes) - after matching were those babies who developed ROP but in whom ROP regressed. These were then retrospectively studied for various prenatal and postnatal risk factors. Among the prenatal risk factors gestational age and birth weight and amongst postnatal- oxygen therapy, CPAP, mechanical ventilation, RDS, sepsis, surfactant, blood transfusion, and PDA were found to be significant in cases in comparison to control, so these factors were found responsible for development and progression of ROP- as described in various other studies, whereas neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and intraventricular hemorrhage were found to be insignificant. However, when the primary objective was being studied, we observed that ROP regressed in good weight gain babies, i.e. ≥14 g/day (in 54 eyes - 55.1%), whereas those babies with poor weight gain ≤14 g/day, it progressed to severe form requiring treatment (26 eyes - 26.5%) out of which 4 eyes (5%) had AROP, 2 eyes (2.5%) had Zone 2 posterior stage 2 ROP, 6 eyes (7.5%) had Zone 2 anterior Stage 2 ROP 11 eyes (13.7%) had Stage 3 ROP, 3 eyes (3.7%) had Stage 4A ROP, and no patients progressed to Stage 5 ROP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study revealed a positive correlation between various risk factors and the development and progression of ROP. Oxygen therapy has a vivid proven role in the development of ROP. However, for progression we observed a significant relationship between weight gain/day and ROP regression, suggesting that pediatricians should aggressively work toward rapid weight gain in preterm neonates while reducing the duration and therapeutic exposure of oxygen to the greatest extent possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 4","pages":"1368-1374"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12088555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}