Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care最新文献

{"title":"An approach that can be referred to as a double-edged sword in the nurse-patient relationship: The use of humor.","authors":"Reza Abdollahi","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2070_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2070_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3606-3607"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>: A global health threat.","authors":"Swati Sahai, Nikunja K Das","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2109_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2109_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3610-3611"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488150/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between risk of malignancy index and histopathological findings in ovarian tumors.","authors":"Sadia Parween, Poonam Poonam, Amrita Amrita, Dipali Prasad, Archana Sinha, Anu Priya","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_53_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_53_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ovarian tumors are one of the most frequent gynecological issues. According to Globocan death projections for 2022, more than 8 million women are predicted to lose their lives to ovarian cancer globally. The risk of malignancy index (RMI) is derived from the product of the ultrasonographic (USG) score (U), menopausal status score (M), and serum CA-125 value. It is an effective technique for diagnosing ovarian malignancy. The aim of the study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of RMI 3 in ovarian tumors.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a prospective observational study and was carried out in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department over the course of 1 year. In total, 86 patients were enrolled in the study. Patient underwent all routine investigations, including ultrasound whole abdomen and CA-125. RMI 3 was calculated. All the patients underwent laparotomy. The histopathological report of the ovarian tumors was analyzed for correlation with the RMI score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In our study, maximum number of patients were pre-menopausal (65 (75.6%)) and multiparous (61.6% (53/86)). The RMI score (cutoff at 225 by receiver-operator characteristic curve) had the highest specificity at 90.6% and positive predictive value at 70.0%, while the USG score had the highest sensitivity at 86.4% and negative predictive value at 94.6%. Both the RMI score (cutoff at 225) and the USG score had similar diagnostic accuracy of 83.7%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study concluded that RMI is an effective technique for diagnosing ovarian tumors with a high probability of malignancy than individual indicators such as CA-125, menopausal score, and ultrasound score. It will help in timely referral of patients to gynecological oncology centers for their optimal surgical management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3481-3486"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting severity of menopausal symptoms: A cross-sectional study among post-menopausal females in a teaching institution in central India.","authors":"Nisha Singh, Sangeeta Kori, Lubana Shaikh, Aarti Sahasrabuddhe","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1304_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1304_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Menopause and its effects on lifestyle of a woman has now become an important emerging public health issue owing to the global rise in life expectancy. Menopause is not a disease but the symptoms and their severities, can be very challenging and remain largely ignored by the policy makers and physicians.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the present study was to find out the factors influencing the severity of menopausal symptoms among post-menopausal females.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study conducted for a period of one year. Data collected using systematic random sampling from 255 post-menopausal women and analysis was performed with Epi-Info 7.2. Chi-square applied as statistical test of significance for the association between severity of menopausal symptoms and qualitative variables. <i>P</i> < 0.05 considered to be statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the study participants was found to be 53.86 ± 7.15 years. The present study concludes that residing locality, educational status, occupation, certain lifestyle factors and some socio-cultural factors, type of menopause and duration since menopause was found to be statistically significantly related to severity of menopausal symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Large efforts are required to make women aware of menopausal symptoms so that they can seek treatment, if necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3376-3383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacological management of heart failure.","authors":"Harish Gupta, Rajeev Verma","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1733_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1733_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3602-3603"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic determinants of patient satisfaction in medical outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in North India.","authors":"Gaurav Batta, Deepak Khushalrao Mundhe, R Vishnuprasad, Anshita Batta, Mintu Mani Baruah","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_430_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_430_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Patient satisfaction surveys are widely used in European countries to ensure high-quality healthcare through systematic feedback. India, through its National Health Mission, is now adopting this practice to measure satisfaction levels, implement improvements, and enhance patient care. This study assesses patient satisfaction using the validated North India Outpatient Department Satisfaction Scale (NIOPDSS) and examines correlations between sociodemographic factors and patient satisfaction in a tertiary care facility.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study was conducted at a tertiary care referral hospital in North India. It was a cross-sectional study with a sample size of 400. All patients visiting the General Medicine Outpatient Department over four consecutive weekdays were included. The NIOPDSS, a validated instrument, was used to assess patient satisfaction across six dimensions. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 26, with descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests applied. Ethical approval was obtained, and informed consent was secured from all participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included participants aged 19-59 years (79.5%), with a higher number of males (67%) than females (33%). Nearly half of the respondents were graduates (48.22%). The survey revealed high satisfaction levels in overall cleanliness, availability of drinking water, and cleanliness of toilets. Moderate satisfaction was observed for queues at the reception counter and waiting time. Age analysis indicated higher satisfaction among individuals aged over 60 years. Gender analysis showed females were more satisfied with medical and pleasant waiting services. Education level analysis indicated higher satisfaction with the location of health facilities and pleasant waiting services among individuals with a 10^th-grade education.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High patient satisfaction with cleanliness, drinking water availability, and toilet hygiene, while moderate satisfaction was noted for waiting times and queue management. Older adults and females reported higher satisfaction levels, while postgraduate respondents expressed lower satisfaction across all domains. Education influenced perceptions, with high school-educated individuals showing greater satisfaction with facility location and waiting services.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3469-3473"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reappraisal of cardiometabolic stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients receiving glimepiride versus insulin under bitherapy.","authors":"S Jim Jebastin, Nivedita Nanda, Jayaprakash Sahoo, Dhanalakshmi Yerrabelli","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1751_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1751_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metformin and glimepiride are the most common oral antidiabetic drugs in India, and are used with other oral hypoglycaemic agents either separately or in combination with insulin. The objective of the present study was to compare the differences in cardiometabolic markers between metformin-glimepiride therapy versus metformin-insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We divided T2D patients into two groups. Group 1 patients were treated with metformin-glimepiride and group 2 patients were treated with metformin-insulin combination. We estimated serum insulin, hs CRP, asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA), Endoglin, 8OHdG, and sEndoglin levels. Cardiac autonomic function was assessed using ECG tracings to record heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure variability (BPV).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most important BPV parameter, baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was significantly lower in Group 2. A significant decrease in time-domain indices of HRV was observed in group 2, suggesting sympathovagal imbalance in metformin-insulin-treated patients. Serum NO and TAS levels were low, while sEndoglin, 8OHdG, and PSS were high in group 2, suggesting higher oxidative stress, although the level of hsCRP, indicating inflammation, was similar in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The glimepiride-metformin combination was more effective against vascular dysfunction, sympathovagal balance, metabolic stress, and inflammation. Cardiometabolic mediators of cardiovascular risk were higher in metformin-insulin-treated patients, despite achieving similar glycemic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3394-3400"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Clinico-etiological study of women in reproductive age group presenting with vaginal discharge.","authors":"Aparna Paigwar, Archana Singh, Kirti Patel, Sakshi Mishra","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_254_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_254_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To study the etiological factors and clinical presentation of the women of reproductive age group presenting with vaginal discharge.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This is a longitudinal study conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose medical college and hospital Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh done in a time period of 18 months.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>The data is analyzed by using statistical software-SPSS Version 21. The study includes history, examination followed by sampling and microscopic examination and treatment based on organism found and its outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In our study, Bacterial vaginosis was found to be the most common etiology, followed by candidiasis and <i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i>. Predominant symptom in study for bacterial vaginosis (56.5%) and candidiasis (52.6%) was vaginal discomfort while in trichomonas vaginalis (62.5%) was itching. In our study, 43% of cases were relieved within 7 days, and 16.46% got relieved in 14 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There's a need to promote awareness about hygienic practices and educate women about vaginal discharge. The WHO's Syndromic approach can lead to overdiagnosis, causing unnecessary financial and social burdens. Identifying the underlying organism enables accurate treatment, reduces antibiotic resistance, and minimizes relapse rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3322-3326"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional study - Assessment of nutritional status and associated factors among under 5-year urban slum children.","authors":"Neha Kaler, Simmi Oberoi, Hemkiran Singh, Manhardeep Kaur, Rajinder S Balgir","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2057_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2057_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood is the most vulnerable phase in the life of a human being. Nutritional insufficiency during this period of life results in growth faltering. In India as per NFHS-5 (2019-21), 35.5% of the children below 5 years of age are stunted, 32.1% are underweight and 19.3% are wasted. Anthropometric assessment is routinely used and often regarded as the best single measure for health and nutritional status in children. This study aims to find the association between various factors and nutritional status of under 5-year children.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban slums (Sular) of Patiala city. House to house survey was conducted. Three hundred and fifty children were included in the study. Socio-demographic profile, biological factors, child feeding practices and anthropometric measurements of the children were recorded and associations were analyzed using chi square test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>48.86% children were of 1^st birth order. Only 38% of children were breastfed within 1 hour of birth. Complementary feeding at the age of 6 months was started in 37.14% children. 18.29% children had birth weight less than 2.5 kg. Presence of Exclusive breastfeeding, higher maternal educational status and higher socio-economic status of family were found to be significantly associated with the nutritional status of children (underweight, χ² = 66.822, df = 1, <i>P</i> value 0.001; χ² = 3.450, df = 1, <i>P</i> value 0.05; χ² = 7.185, df = 2, <i>P</i> value 0.027 respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Presence of exclusive breast feeding, higher educational qualification of mother and the higher socio- economic status are the positive influencers and protect the children against malnutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3505-3510"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of conicity index with prehypertension and hypertension: Two-year cross sectional study at rural teaching hospital.","authors":"Vijay Kumar Kota, Anil Wanjari, Sunil Kumar, Sourya Aacharya, Tushar Sontakke, Sachin Agrawal","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1962_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1962_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension is a major public health concern. The objective of this study is to evaluate emergent anthropometric indices as predictors of prehypertension and hypertension. Early identification of risk factors at the level of primary care physician can facilitate prevention and management even during general health check up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in 400 patients (200 prehypertensive, 200 hypertensive). Demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements (waist circumference, height, weight), and blood pressure were measured in the study. The purpose of this study is to study anthropometric indices and their correlation in obesity with prehypertension and hypertension and to assess obesity based on these indices (weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist hip ratio, and conicity index) in hypertension and prehypertension and compare.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A cross-sectional study of 400 adults (18-80 years) found Conicity Index positively correlated with systolic (<i>r</i> = 0.73, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and diastolic (<i>r</i> = 0.67, <i>P</i> < 0.001) blood pressure. 71.4% of hypertensive participants had high Conicity Index. Age, gender, and BMI significantly influenced Conicity Index-hypertension relationship. These findings suggest Conicity Index as a useful predictor of hypertension.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The conicity index is a valuable predictor of hypertension in prehypertensive and hypertensive patients. Early identification and intervention can help prevent cardiovascular complications even by primary care physician during health check up.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3456-3461"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}