Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of antenatal care received and its association with different factors among the postnatal mothers: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Sankar Nath Jha, Soumyaneel Das, Anwesha Dey, Ramaprasad Roy","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_104_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_104_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antenatal care (ANC) provides an opportunity for screening, diagnosis, health promotion and disease prevention among pregnant mothers and their children. Therefore, this study was done to determine the utilization of antenatal services among postnatal mothers.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2023 to October 2023 among postnatal mothers admitted to the postnatal ward of a tertiary care institution. A total of 165 postnatal mothers fulfilling inclusion criteria were selected by simple random sampling, and data were collected by interviewing them using a pre-designed, pre-tested, semi-structured schedule. Data was entered in MS Excel and analysed using IBM SPSS 20.0 version (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>About 58.7% of study subjects attended all four antenatal visits. 73.3% registered early for their pregnancy. Mostly (47.3%) registration was done at the Primary Health Centre (PHC). Physical examination, including weight, blood pressure, pallor, oedema and abdominal examination, was done more than once in 89.7% of study subjects. 95.2% did urine test, 88.5% did haemoglobin estimation more than once, 60% postnatal mothers received at least 100 iron and folic acid tablets during pregnancy and 92.1% received both doses of Td (tetanus and diphtheria) vaccine. Similarly, the majority, 89.2%, received counselling on danger signs, and only 78.2% received counselling on birth preparedness. A significant association was observed among the number of antenatal visits and educational status (<i>P</i> = 0.001), residence (<i>P</i> = 0.03), socio-economic status (<i>P</i> = 0.03) and age of marriage (<i>P</i> = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although most of the postnatal mothers received ANC services, some aspects of ANC need to be improved, mainly counselling of mothers.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3401-3405"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticoagulation in pregnant women with mechanical heart valves: A case series from a single centre in South India over two decades.","authors":"Arpudh Michael Anandaraj, Emily D Ebenezer, Annie P Vijjeswarapu, Shiny E Nirupama, Ravi Shankar, Sukesh C Nair, Sowmya Sathyendra, Sudha Jasmine, Santhosh J Benjamin, Swati Rathore, Kavitha Abraham, Gowri Mahasampath, Jiji Elizabeth Mathews","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_313_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_313_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Women with mechanical valve replacement (MVR) are on anticoagulants (AC), and this poses a big challenge in management during pregnancy. Adequate anticoagulation and the risk of haemorrhage/bleeding is as to be balanced to avoid adverse events.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The objectives of this study are to identify the AC regimes used in these pregnancies, the tests used for monitoring these regimes, the perinatal outcomes of the pregnancy, and the complications in the mother.</p><p><strong>Setting and design: </strong>This retrospective study was done in a large tertiary centre. Information from computerized databases and case notes, from the years 2004 to 2024, identified 127 pregnancies in 83 women with MVR. In this setting, oral Vitamin-K Antagonists (VKA) were usually continued in the first trimester. In the peripartum period, a switch to parenteral heparin was done. Details of all pregnancies were captured, and descriptive statistics were done.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the first trimester, 111 pregnancies received VKA, 14 received unfractionated heparin (UFH), and 2 received LMWH. In the 3^rd trimester, they were given UFH 40/88 (45.5%) of the time, LMWH 27/88 (30.6%), and 21/88 (23.8%) went into labour while on VKA. There were 3 deaths due to cardiac failure with a maternal mortality rate of 3/83 (3.6%). There were 6/83 (7.2%) cases of Thromboembolic complications (TEC) and 12/127 (9.7%) cases of postpartum haemorrhage. There were 35/127 (28%) abortions. Stillbirths: 7%. 52% delivered by caesarean section and 48% delivered vaginally.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The oral inexpensive AC regime that addresses patient compliance and safety has results comparable to other parenteral regimes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3434-3437"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microalbuminuria in normotensive nondiabetic overweight and obese versus nonobese adults.","authors":"Kiran, Madhubala Negi","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1562_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1562_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Obesity has reached an epidemic stage worldwide. As the prevalence of obesity increases, the burden of its associated comorbidities increases. It has been linked to altered hemodynamics leading to glomerulopathy that results in microalbuminuria, proteinuria, and chronic kidney disease. Recent population-based surveys have shown that overweight and obesity are the risk factors for the development and progression of nephropathy in normotensive and nondiabetic adults as well. The underlying causes may involve adipogenic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction that results in microalbuminuria. The population of the Asia Pacific region appears to be at higher risk of obesity-related morbidities at lower BMI. An established indicator of early renal impairment in diabetes and hypertension is microalbuminuria (MAU). Our study aims to screen obese and overweight adults and compare them with nonobese adults to estimate the prevalence of microalbuminuria in both groups when risk factors such as diabetes and hypertension are excluded.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This study was a comparative cross-sectional study carried out in a tertiary care hospital from January 2021 to May 2022. An appropriate statistical method was applied to calculate the sample size. A total of 75 obese individuals were taken as cases and 75 age- and sex-matched nonobese adults as controls were taken for the study.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of microalbuminuria was found to be 24% in cases compared to 5.33% in controls, which was statistically significant, with a <i>P-</i>value of 0.002.The distribution of microalbuminuria was comparable between overweight and obese (20% vs 28.57% respectively) (<i>P</i>-value = 0.386).Overweight and obese adults were 5 times more likely to develop microalbuminuria compared to nonobese adults.This study highlights the urgent need to reverse the epidemic of obesity among young adults in India considering its role as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and progression of renal disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3199-3204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived stress, burnout and resilience among ambulance driver serving in Chhattisgarh during the Covid-19 pandemic.","authors":"Rahul Pal, Ashwini Katole, Anupriya Jha, Absar Ahmad, Purushottam Giri","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_409_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_409_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant challenges for healthcare workers (HCWs), leading to heightened stress, burnout, and concerns about their mental wellbeing. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of burnout, perceived stress, and associated factors among ambulance drivers, a critical group of HCWs, during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among ambulance drivers in six districts of Chhattisgarh, India. Participants were assessed using questionnaires on personal, work-related, and pandemic-related burnout, perceived stress, and resilience. Bivariate analysis was performed to examine the association between various background characteristics and perceived stress levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 119 ambulance drivers, with the majority from Rajnandgaon (29.4%) and Ambikapur (28.6%) districts. Significant variations in perceived stress levels were observed across different districts, with Raipur and Rajnandgaon exhibiting higher proportions of moderate stress. Factors associated with higher perceived stress included longer work hours, changes in work schedules, redeployment to pandemic response, and direct involvement in caring for COVID-19 patients. HCWs facing stressful situations at home, discrimination, distrust, violence, or moral/ethical compromises at work also demonstrated higher stress levels. Adequate access to personal protective equipment was associated with lower perceived stress.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the complex interplay of personal, work-related, and COVID-19-specific factors influencing the perceived stress levels among ambulance drivers. Targeted interventions addressing workload, work-life balance, access to resources, and workplace challenges are crucial to support the mental health and wellbeing of this essential healthcare workforce during the pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3521-3528"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of intensified case finding of tuberculosis using four symptom complex screening through reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance (RE-AIM) framework in Puducherry.","authors":"Subalakshmi Subramaniyan, Rajalakshmi Mahendran, Kalaiselvan Ganapathy","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_16_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_16_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading infectious cause of death worldwide, with co-morbidities such as diabetes mellitus (DM) significantly increasing the risk of developing TB and leading to poor treatment outcomes. The End TB Strategy and Sustainable Development Goals emphasize addressing TB co-morbidities to achieve TB elimination. We have assessed the impact of implementing joint TB-DM collaborative activities using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework in a tertiary care setting.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed at evaluating the impact of the execution of the TB-DM collaborative activity, using the RE-AIM framework.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This study was undertaken by the Department of Community Medicine, in outpatient departments (OPDs) at Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital (SMVMCH), Puducherry from March 2021 to September 2022. The study involved three phases: qualitative design of intervention strategies, quantitative pre- and post-intervention evaluation, and post-intervention qualitative assessment. Interventions included sensitization programs for healthcare professionals, the use of Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) materials, and systematic screening of DM patients using the 4s complex (cough >2 weeks, fever >2 weeks, night sweats, weight loss). The outcome of the implementation of TB-DM collaborative activity was evaluated using the RE-AIM framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The application of the RE-AIM framework for joint TB-DM collaborative activities emphasized healthcare professional sensitization, IEC material development, and effective inter-departmental collaboration. Key outcomes included enhanced TB case detection through 4s screening, improved knowledge among healthcare professionals, and sustainable integration of interventions into routine practices for long-term impact.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Implementation of the 4s complex screening activity improved TB detection among DM patients and demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of joint TB-DM collaborative strategies. The RE-AIM framework provided a structured evaluation, highlighting the intervention's strengths and areas for improvement. Sustaining these efforts and expanding to other high-risk groups is critical to achieving TB elimination targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3451-3455"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into household air pollution: A systematic scoping review on perceptions of solid biomass fuel use in South Asian countries.","authors":"Kulumina Dash, Manas Ranjan Behera, Hannah M Degge, Sasmita Nayak, Deepanjali Behera, Jyoti Ranjan Mohanty","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1817_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1817_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Over half of the world's population cooks using solid fuels, which poses serious health hazards, making women and children more vulnerable to household air pollution (HAP). Despite progress towards universal access to cleaner fuels, 47% of families continue to use fossil fuels.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This review aimed to understand the perceptions of solid fuel users in South Asian countries regarding the use of solid fuel for lighting, heating, and cooking.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The perceptions of solid fuel users were categorized into six key domains derived from the Social Ecological Model (SEM): (a) Community, Family, and Health, (b) Home, Space, Place, and Roles, (c) Cultural and Cooking Practices, (d) Environment, and (e) Practice and Policy Development. This scoping assessment was conducted using the PRISMA-ScR guideline, and finally twenty-four articles were selected from four databases: Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and PubMed. The result was categorized under six key domains based on the SEM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The review revealed inconsistencies and a research gap in HAP perceptions. Participants prioritized household security over ventilation and short-term health over the long-term benefits of treatment. Women and children, experiencing higher HAP exposure rates than men, had less decision-making authority over the use of solid fuels, highlighting a socio-demographic gender gap. Community norms and cultural traditions play a crucial role in policy and practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Further research and locally-based, community-led interventions are necessary to bridge these gaps and minimize the global burden of illness related to HAP. Addressing the identified gaps and disconnects is crucial to decreasing the global illness burden linked to HAP.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3159-3178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease misdiagnosed as tubercular lymphadenitis: A puzzle in cervical lymph nodes.","authors":"Kshiroda Chandra Sahoo, Ananda Datta","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_171_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_171_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a rare and benign condition characterized by regional necrotizing lymphadenopathy. Acute or subacute painful cervical lymphadenopathy is the most common clinical presentation. The characteristic morphology in histopathologic examination of the lymph node specimen is diagnostic of KFD. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), often employed as the initial diagnostic method, gives inconclusive results due to inadequate specimens. Our patient was a 36-year-old woman who presented with cervical lymphadenopathy for six weeks. Despite an inconclusive FNAC result, she was treated with empirical antituberculosis therapy (ATT). Later, she was diagnosed with KFD in our facility on excisional lung biopsy in view of non-improvement with ATT. Ambiguous cytological findings may usually lead to the initiation of empirical ATT since tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of cervical lymphadenitis, particularly in TB-endemic areas. As a result, there is not only a delay in the management of the actual disease, but also a chance of developing adverse reactions to ATT.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3586-3588"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of life of caregivers of differently abled children: Mixed-method study done in Kerala.","authors":"Swathi V Koramboor, S R Rajasi","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1983_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1983_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>According to the 2011 Census, 2.21% of India's population and 2.28% of Kerala's population are differently abled, with 3% of Indian children aged 1-14 experiencing developmental delays. Differently abled children require intensive, long-term care, often impacting caregivers' quality of life (QoL). Assessing and improving caregiver QoL is essential for enhancing outcomes for both caregivers and children.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>(1) To study the QoL of caregivers of differently abled children of Kozhikode, Kerala and (2) to assess caregiver burden by focus group discussion of caregivers.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>A mixed-method study was conducted among 115 caregivers of differently abled children in Kozhikode's special schools from July 2021 to May 2022, using cluster sampling.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Quantitative data were collected via a pretested questionnaire, with QoL assessed by the WHOQOL-BREF scale. Caregiver burden was qualitatively explored through focus group discussions, followed by manual content analysis of transcripts.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS'26.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Caregivers of differently abled children reported lower QoL compared to caregivers of normal children, with the psychological domain scoring lowest (59.86 ± 19.45), followed by physical (66.52 ± 19.30), social (69.29 ± 25.39), and environmental (71.75 ± 17.87) domains. FGDs revealed issues in psychological, physical, child-related, social, financial, and policy areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Caregivers of differently abled children, especially parents, experience reduced QoL, with psychological well-being most affected due to stress, worry about the child's future, and social stigma. Policies must prioritise support for both caregivers and children while advocating for inclusive education to foster an inclusive, stigma-free society.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3309-3314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interprofessional collaboration between a family physician and physiotherapist in home-based primary care for debilitating vertigo in a patient with Meniere disease: Experience and outcomes.","authors":"Colis Anwari, Srijesa Khasnabish, Ramakrishna Prasad","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1593_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1593_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Meniere's Disease (MD) is a chronic inner ear disorder that presents with episodic vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and a sensation of aural fullness. Vertigo, being a multifactorial symptom, requires careful differentiation before initiating vestibular physiotherapy (VPT). This case report presents a 69-year-old male with a 10-year history of hearing loss and tinnitus, who began experiencing recurrent vertigo six years ago, particularly when looking upward. His symptoms significantly interfered with daily functioning and quality of life. The purpose of this report is twofold: first, to illustrate the value of interprofessional collaboration between physiotherapists and family physicians in addressing balance-related impairments, and second, to document the application of evidence-based clinical guidelines from the Academy of Neurologic Physical Therapy (ANPT) for managing vertigo in MD. Treatment included the Epley maneuver, home-based Epley maneuver, a structured gaze stabilization exercise program, and static and dynamic balance exercises. Progress was monitored using the Visual Vertigo Analogue Scale (VVAS) and the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) on days 1, 15, 30, 60, and 90. The patient showed gradual improvement in function and reduction in vertigo episodes, though overall progress remained moderate due to the chronic nature of the condition. This case underscores the importance of individualized, long-term VPT and collaborative care in improving patient outcomes in MD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3565-3570"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compliance of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) following animal bite in Indian population: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Aninda Debnath, Venu George Toppo, Nitin Panwar, Trideep Jyoti Deori, Aereosonova Khongsit, Jugal Kishore","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1957_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1957_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rabies is a life-threatening zoonotic disease in India, leading to numerous fatalities annually. Despite the availability of effective post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), compliance with completing the vaccination regimen remains low, impeding efforts to control and eliminate the disease. This study aimed to assess PEP compliance rates among individuals exposed to rabies in India and identify key factors contributing to non-compliance. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Databases including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for studies on PEP compliance in India. Eligible studies were community-based or hospital-based and published in English. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool assessed study quality. A random effects model calculated pooled compliance rates, with heterogeneity assessed using the I² statistic and a Chi-square-based Q test. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses, as well as Egger's test, were performed to explore variations and check for publication bias. The analysis included 30 studies, with a pooled compliance rate of 57% and high heterogeneity (I² =99.69%). Compliance was higher with the intradermal (ID) regimen than the intramuscular (IM) regimen, though adherence decreased over time. Economic constraints, logistical challenges, lack of awareness, cultural beliefs, and fear of side effects were major barriers to completion. Compliance was higher among those with severe bites. PEP compliance in India is low, hindered by various barriers. The ID regimen showed better adherence but also faced declining compliance over time. Improving PEP adherence requires targeted interventions such as education, logistical support, and promoting shorter ID regimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"14 8","pages":"3121-3131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}