Journal of Experimental Biology最新文献_第6页

Polyphenisms in the reproductive response of male quail to short days are driven by testosterone-independent uncoupling in the photoperiodic TSH-DIO2/DIO3 pathway. 雄性鹌鹑对短日照的生殖反应中的多表型是由光周期TSH-DIO2/DIO3途径上的睾酮非依赖性解偶联驱动的。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-15 Epub Date: 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250390

Kevin Poissenot, Julie Lemarchand, Fabien Cornilleau, Lucas Court, Didier Lomet, Joëlle Dupont, Brian K Follett, Massimiliano Beltramo, Ludovic Calandreau, Hugues Dardente

{"title":"Polyphenisms in the reproductive response of male quail to short days are driven by testosterone-independent uncoupling in the photoperiodic TSH-DIO2/DIO3 pathway.","authors":"Kevin Poissenot, Julie Lemarchand, Fabien Cornilleau, Lucas Court, Didier Lomet, Joëlle Dupont, Brian K Follett, Massimiliano Beltramo, Ludovic Calandreau, Hugues Dardente","doi":"10.1242/jeb.250390","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.250390","url":null,"abstract":"The neuroendocrine control of seasonal breeding in vertebrates depends upon a TSH/DIO2-3 pathway located in the medio-basal hypothalamus. In male quail, early data demonstrated that this photoperiodic control is independent of testosterone. At least two strong predictions arise from this. First, testosterone is unlikely to exert any significant feedback upon the expression of Tshb/Dio2/Dio3. Second, in situations where photoperiod is invariable but reproductive output differs amongst individuals, differential expression of Tshb and/or Dio2/Dio3 may be expected. Here, we validate these two predictions. First, using castration/implantation in male quails maintained under a long photoperiod, we show that the expression of Tshb/Dio2/Dio3 is testosterone independent, while aggressiveness and cognitive behaviours are testosterone driven. Second, taking advantage of the large inter-individual variability in the response of the gonadal axis to short days (i.e. phenotypic morphs), we demonstrate that the magnitude of the decrease in testes mass, size of the cloacal gland and testosterone plasma level is positively associated with levels of induction of Dio3 and repression of Dio2. In contrast, a uniformly low expression of Tshb expression is found in all morphs. These data provide strong evidence that the TSH/DIO2-3 pathway governs the reproductive axis in male quail independently of testosterone. Furthermore, our findings are consistent with the notion that substantial uncoupling in the photoperiodic TSH/DIO2-3 pathway is responsible for the reproductive polyphenisms.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unsupervised learning reveals rapid gait adaptation after leg loss and regrowth in spiders. 无监督学习揭示了蜘蛛在失去腿和再生后的快速步态适应。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-15 Epub Date: 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250243

Suzanne Amador Kane, Brooke L Quinn, Xuanyi Kris Wu, Sarah Y Xi, Michael F Ochs, S Tonia Hsieh

{"title":"Unsupervised learning reveals rapid gait adaptation after leg loss and regrowth in spiders.","authors":"Suzanne Amador Kane, Brooke L Quinn, Xuanyi Kris Wu, Sarah Y Xi, Michael F Ochs, S Tonia Hsieh","doi":"10.1242/jeb.250243","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.250243","url":null,"abstract":"Many invertebrates voluntarily lose (autotomize) limbs during antagonistic encounters, and some regenerate functional replacements. Because limb loss can have severe consequences on individual fitness, it is likely subject to significant selective pressures, making this an excellent phenomenon with which to investigate biomechanical robustness. Spiders frequently autotomize one or more legs. We investigated the time course of locomotor recovery after leg loss and regeneration in juvenile tarantulas (Arachnida: Araneae) naive to autotomy. We recorded high-speed video of spiders running with all legs intact, then immediately after, and again 1 day after they had autotomized two legs. The legs were allowed to regenerate, and the same sequence of experiments was repeated. Video tracking analysis revealed that the spiders resumed their pre-autotomy speed and stride frequency after leg regeneration and in ≤1 day after both autotomies; path tortuosity was unaffected by these treatments. Autotomized spiders widened the spread of their remaining legs for stability and to compensate for missing functional space. To analyze how their gaits changed in response to leg loss, we applied unsupervised machine learning for the first time to measured kinematic data in combination with gait space metrics. Spiders were found to robustly adopt new gait patterns immediately after losing legs, with no evidence of learning. This novel clustering approach both demonstrated concordance with hypothesized gaits and revealed transitions between and variations within these patterns. More generally, clustering in gait space enables the identification of patterns of leg motions in large datasets that correspond to either known gaits or undiscovered behaviors.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"228 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hypoxia extends lifespan but does not alter telomere length or oxidative stress in a solitary bee (Megachile rotundata). 低氧延长了独居蜜蜂的寿命，但不改变端粒长度或氧化应激（Megachile rotundata）。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-15 Epub Date: 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250500

Andre Szejner-Sigal, Britt J Heidinger, Aurelia C Kucera, Jeffrey D Kittilson, Alex S Torson, Joseph P Rinehart, George D Yocum, Julia H Bowsher, Kendra J Greenlee

{"title":"Hypoxia extends lifespan but does not alter telomere length or oxidative stress in a solitary bee (Megachile rotundata).","authors":"Andre Szejner-Sigal, Britt J Heidinger, Aurelia C Kucera, Jeffrey D Kittilson, Alex S Torson, Joseph P Rinehart, George D Yocum, Julia H Bowsher, Kendra J Greenlee","doi":"10.1242/jeb.250500","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.250500","url":null,"abstract":"Stress can influence lifespan in both positive and negative ways, depending on exposure intensity and duration. However, mechanisms driving positive stress effects on lifespan remain poorly understood. Prolonged hypoxia extends the lifespan of overwintering prepupal Megachile rotundata. Here, we explored telomere length and reduced oxidative stress as potential mechanisms of this extended lifespan. We hypothesized high antioxidant capacity under hypoxia reduces oxidative damage and telomere loss. We exposed prepupae to 10%, 21% or 24% oxygen for up to 9 months and measured monthly survival, telomere length, antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation across treatment duration for prepupae and adults. After 9 months of exposure, survival was highest in hypoxia and lowest in hyperoxia. Telomere length did not differ among oxygen treatments but increased in adults compared with prepupae. Total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation showed no significant differences among oxygen treatments, suggesting compensatory responses to maintain baseline oxidative levels.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Going around the bend to understand the role of leg coalescence in metachronal swimming. 绕着弯去理解腿接合在超时空游泳中的作用。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-15 Epub Date: 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249330

Nils B Tack, Sara O Santos, Monica M Wilhelmus

{"title":"Going around the bend to understand the role of leg coalescence in metachronal swimming.","authors":"Nils B Tack, Sara O Santos, Monica M Wilhelmus","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249330","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249330","url":null,"abstract":"Many of the most abundant aquatic invertebrates display metachronal swimming by sequentially beating closely spaced flexible appendages. Common biophysical mechanisms like appendage spatial asymmetry and phase drive the success and performance of this locomotor mode, which is generally explained by the need to maximize thrust production. However, the potential role of these mechanisms in drag reduction, another important contributor to overall swimming performance, has yet to be evaluated. We present several morphological, functional and physical mechanisms promoting drag reduction during metachronal swimming by exploring appendage differential bending and leg grouping (coalescence). We performed micro-computed tomography (μCT) and in vivo velocimetry measurements of shrimp (Palaemon vulgaris) to design a five-legged robotic metachronal analog. This test platform enabled simultaneous flow and force measurements to quantify the thrust and drag forces produced by flexible and stiff pleopods (legs) beating independently or coalescing. We tested the hypothesis that coalescence and bending effectively reduce drag during the recovery stroke (RS). The curved cross-section of the pleopods enables passive asymmetrical bending during the RS to reduce their drag coefficient by up to 75.8% relative to stiff pleopods. Bending promotes physical interactions, facilitating the coalescence of three pleopods at any time during the RS to reduce drag such that the mean net thrust produced during coalescence is increased by 30.2%. These improvements are explained by the production of a weaker wake compared with stiff and non-coalescing pleopods. Our results describe fundamental biological and physical components of metachronal propulsion that may aid the development of novel bio-inspired underwater vehicles.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144004773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Macronutrient balance dictates lifespan and reproduction in a beetle, Tenebrio molitor. 巨量营养平衡决定了甲虫的寿命和繁殖。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-15 Epub Date: 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250281

Myung Suk Rho, Kwang Pum Lee

{"title":"Macronutrient balance dictates lifespan and reproduction in a beetle, Tenebrio molitor.","authors":"Myung Suk Rho, Kwang Pum Lee","doi":"10.1242/jeb.250281","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.250281","url":null,"abstract":"Macronutrients profoundly affect both lifespan and reproduction and also modulate the fundamental trade-off between these two components of fitness in many insects. Beetles represent the largest group of insects, but nutritional interventions in lifespan and reproduction have never been thoroughly explored in this taxon. Here, we used nutritional landscape methodology to determine the effects of protein and carbohydrate intake on lifespan and reproduction in the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). The time of death and last reproduction, the number of eggs laid and protein-carbohydrate intake were recorded from beetles maintained on one of 35 chemically defined foods varying in protein-to-carbohydrate ratio (P:C=0:1, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1 or 1:0) and in protein plus carbohydrate concentration (P+C=25.2%, 33.6%, 42%, 50.4% or 58.8%). Lifespan and reproductive traits increased with higher caloric intake, but their respective trait maxima occurred at different P:C ratios. Female reproductive traits peaked at higher P:C ratios (reproductive lifespan 1:1.06; lifetime egg production 1.31:1; egg production rate 1.75:1) than those maximizing lifespan (male lifespan 1:1.38; female lifespan 1:1.36). This divergence indicates a nutrient-mediated trade-off between lifespan and reproduction in this species. Despite this, the nutritional conflict in T. molitor appeared to be less pronounced than what has been observed in other species commonly used in insect ageing research. When given a food choice, T. molitor beetles selected a P:C ratio close to 1:1, which simultaneously supported extended lifespan and high reproductive output.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corazonin mediates photoperiodically induced diapause in the bean bug Riptortus pedestris. Corazonin介导豆虫光周期诱导的滞育。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-15 Epub Date: 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250528

Jili Xi, Yoshitaka Hamanaka, Sakiko Shiga

{"title":"Corazonin mediates photoperiodically induced diapause in the bean bug Riptortus pedestris.","authors":"Jili Xi, Yoshitaka Hamanaka, Sakiko Shiga","doi":"10.1242/jeb.250528","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.250528","url":null,"abstract":"Insects in mid- to high latitudes predict unfavorable seasons through changing photoperiod, and undergo diapause to survive harsh conditions. The circadian clock and brain neurosecretory systems are key components in regulating photoperiodic diapause. However, the neuronal pathways linking these systems, and the neuropeptides involved in photoperiodic diapause, remain poorly understood. We investigated the role of corazonin (CRZ), a conserved neuropeptide regulating metabolic stress and reproduction, in the bean bug Riptortus pedestris, a species highly sensitive to short days for diapause induction. RNA interference demonstrated that Crz-downregulated females significantly averted diapausing phenotypes even under short-day conditions, exhibiting developed ovaries and oviposition, indicating the suppressive effects of Crz on reproduction in photoperiodic diapause. Immunohistochemistry identified three distinct groups of CRZ-immunoreactive (-ir) neurons in the protocerebrum. Of these, CRZ-d cells in the pars lateralis (PL) project axons toward the corpus cardiacum-corpus allatum complex and aorta, indicating a neurosecretory role in diapause induction. Additionally, we revealed potential neural connections between CRZ-ir and pigment-dispersing factor (PDF)-ir neurons in the dorso-lateral protocerebrum. The PDF-ir neurons project neurites into/near the accessory medulla (AME), a probable hub for circadian clock regulation, suggesting that photoperiodic information processed in the AME is relayed to CRZ-ir PL neurons. PCR detected Crz receptor expression in the fat body and ovary, suggesting that CRZ-d PL neurons regulate reproductive diapause by directly targeting these tissues in response to photoperiodic inputs. These findings illuminate the neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying photoperiodic reproductive diapause in R. pedestris, highlighting the suppressive role of CRZ under short-day conditions.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144119883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metabolic expenditure of submaximal locomotion in naked mole-rats (Heterocephalus glaber) and Damaraland mole-rats (Fukomys damarensis). 裸鼹鼠（Heterocephalus glaber）和大鼠（Fukomys damarensis）亚极大运动的代谢消耗。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-15 Epub Date: 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249875

Jack E Thirkell, Nigel C Bennett, Daniel W Hart, Chris G Faulkes, Monica A Daley, Steven J Portugal

{"title":"Metabolic expenditure of submaximal locomotion in naked mole-rats (Heterocephalus glaber) and Damaraland mole-rats (Fukomys damarensis).","authors":"Jack E Thirkell, Nigel C Bennett, Daniel W Hart, Chris G Faulkes, Monica A Daley, Steven J Portugal","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249875","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249875","url":null,"abstract":"Despite extensive studies on the physiology of subterranean rodents, there is comparatively little work documenting the energetics specifically associated with their locomotory energetics. The energetic cost associated with burrowing is great and, in part, explains why subterranean species often maintain their burrows and tunnels across generations. Indeed, the digging metabolic rate of five African mole-rats has been determined to be between three and five times higher than their respective resting metabolic rate, yet the energetic cost of non-digging locomotion (i.e. walking) has not been recorded. Digging in most subterranean species tends to lead to specialisation of the forelimbs and teeth, which may significantly affect the energetic cost associated with non-digging locomotion. Unlike many comparably sized burrowing and tunnelling mammals, African mole-rats appear, superficially at least, to have almost identical forelimbs and hindlimbs. This study explored the locomotory energetics associated with sustained submaximal locomotion (i.e. fast walking; 10 cm s-1) in two African mole-rat species (Fukomys damarensis and Heterocephalus glaber), utilising open-flow respirometry and a small animal treadmill. The mean locomotory energetic rate for F. damarensis was a near 1-fold increase (91.4%) above resting metabolic rate and a 2-fold increase (203.2%) for H. glaber. Net cost of transport was higher overall for H. glaber (2.9±0.6 ml O2 kg-1 m-1) than for F. damarensis (2.4±0.5 ml O2 kg-1 m-1). A trade-off likely exists between limb specialisation for digging and economic locomotion, and thus for most obligately subterranean species, locomotion represents an energetic investment.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The phenotypic flexibility of the gut is energetically cheap in Burmese pythons: feeding frequency does not affect growth efficiency. 缅甸蟒蛇肠道的表型灵活性在能量上是廉价的：摄食频率不影响生长效率。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-15 Epub Date: 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250083

Katja B Last, Maria Skovbjerg Slot, Hans Malte, Emil Rindom, Kasper Hansen, Tobias Wang

{"title":"The phenotypic flexibility of the gut is energetically cheap in Burmese pythons: feeding frequency does not affect growth efficiency.","authors":"Katja B Last, Maria Skovbjerg Slot, Hans Malte, Emil Rindom, Kasper Hansen, Tobias Wang","doi":"10.1242/jeb.250083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.250083","url":null,"abstract":"The overall energetic expenditure related to the upregulation and downregulation of the mass and function of the gastrointestinal (GI) organs in response to feeding and fasting in vertebrates has attracted great interest. While it is generally considered energetically favourable to downregulate intestinal mass when food is scarce, very few direct experimental studies address the actual costs. Here, we specifically address the costs of phenotypic flexibility by comparing growth, body composition and oxygen consumption of snakes fed on two different feeding regimes. One group was fed intermittently to allow for the gut to be downregulated during the fasting intervals, while the other group was fed more continuously to maintain a chronic upregulated GI tract. We demonstrate that these two feeding regimes result in very similar growth, growth efficiency and overall oxygen consumption, and thus point to upregulation and maintenance of the GI tract being energetically inexpensive. These findings challenge the prevailing assumption that maintaining a functional GI tract is metabolically costly. Although replenishing and maintaining a functional GI tract probably incurs some energetic cost, it probably represents only a minor component of the specific dynamic action (SDA) response.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"228 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evolved changes in reflex control of the cardiovascular system in deer mice native to high altitude. 高海拔地区鹿鼠心血管系统反射控制的进化变化。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-15 Epub Date: 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249483

Oliver H Wearing, John J McGuire, Graham R Scott

{"title":"Evolved changes in reflex control of the cardiovascular system in deer mice native to high altitude.","authors":"Oliver H Wearing, John J McGuire, Graham R Scott","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249483","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249483","url":null,"abstract":"The cold and hypoxic conditions at high altitude place high demands on the cardiovascular system to sustain circulatory O2 transport. High-altitude natives have evolved to overcome cold hypoxia, but the cardiovascular mechanisms involved remain poorly understood in most taxa. Here, we investigated the evolved changes in reflex control of cardiovascular function in deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) native to high altitude. High- and low-altitude populations of deer mice were each bred in captivity and then chronically acclimated to warm normoxia (25°C, ∼20 kPa O2) or cold hypoxia (5°C, 12 kPa O2) for 6-8 weeks. Cardiovascular function was measured in vivo using physiological telemeters, complemented by wire myography to examine vascular function ex vivo. High-altitude mice acclimated to cold hypoxia exhibited greater heart rates and were better able to maintain blood pressure in moderate and severe hypoxia, in association with less pronounced depression of metabolism and body temperature. High-altitude mice also exhibited greater baroreflex sensitivity than low-altitude mice across acclimation environments, as reflected by greater changes in heart rate and smaller changes in arterial blood pressure during pharmacological manipulations. Mesenteric arteries from each population exhibited similar ex vivo smooth muscle contractions in response to phenylephrine (α1-adrenoceptor agonist), and similar endothelium-dependent relaxation in response to acetylcholine, suggesting that evolved changes in the baroreflex arise from adjustments in autonomic control of the heart and/or other resistance vessels. These evolved changes in cardiovascular function and reflex control may be valuable for supporting high metabolic rates in the cold and hypoxic environment at high altitude.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12211558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144119885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shock wave-damping orbital hoods cover the eyes of snapping shrimp (Alpheus heterochaelis) without impairing spatial vision. 冲击波阻尼眼罩罩住捕捉虾（Alpheus heterochaelis）的眼睛，不损害空间视觉。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-15 Epub Date: 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250592

Alexandra C N Kingston, Rebecca L Lucia, Daniel R Chappell, Tanner T Mierow, Daniel I Speiser

引用次数: 0