Journal of Experimental Biology最新文献

Riparian spiders make pyriform silk attachment discs that stick better when wet. 河岸蜘蛛的梨状丝附着盘在潮湿时更容易粘住。

IF 2.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250902

Bernd F Steklis, Todd A Blackledge

{"title":"Riparian spiders make pyriform silk attachment discs that stick better when wet.","authors":"Bernd F Steklis, Todd A Blackledge","doi":"10.1242/jeb.250902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.250902","url":null,"abstract":"Adhesion in wet conditions presents significant challenges due to the disruptive effects of water on interfacial bonding, spreading, and curing. Many organisms have evolved adhesives that adhere strongly in damp or submerged environments. However, the pyriform silk attachment discs of the western black widow spider lose ∼8x of their adhesive strength when wet. Here, we test the hypothesis that riparian species of spiders have evolved attachment discs that are resistant to water's adverse effects on adhesion. We compare adhesion of attachment discs from three terrestrial, relatively dry habitats to three riparian spider species when discs are loaded under both dry and wet conditions. Failure modes shifted from dragline breakage in dry conditions to adhesive failure in wet conditions across all species, highlighting water's impact on interfacial bonding. However, riparian species attachment discs maintained adhesive force when wet while terrestrial species experienced ∼50% reductions in peak force and work of adhesion in wet conditions. These findings suggest that riparian spider silks have evolved specializations that maintain adhesive performance of pyriform attachment disks in wet environments, offering insights into bioinspired design for water-resistant adhesives.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145251482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Osmolarity regulates C. elegans egg-laying behavior via chemosensory and biophysical mechanisms. 渗透压通过化学感觉和生物物理机制调节秀丽隐杆线虫的产卵行为。

IF 2.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250132

Emmanuel Medrano, Karen Jendrick, Julian McQuirter, Claire Moxham, Dominique Rajic, Lila Rosendorf, Liraz Stilman, Dontrel Wilright, Kevin M Collins

{"title":"Osmolarity regulates C. elegans egg-laying behavior via chemosensory and biophysical mechanisms.","authors":"Emmanuel Medrano, Karen Jendrick, Julian McQuirter, Claire Moxham, Dominique Rajic, Lila Rosendorf, Liraz Stilman, Dontrel Wilright, Kevin M Collins","doi":"10.1242/jeb.250132","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.250132","url":null,"abstract":"Animals alter their behavior in response to changes in the environment. Upon encountering hyperosmotic conditions, the nematode worm C. elegans initiates avoidance and cessation of egg-laying behavior. While the sensory pathway for osmotic avoidance is well-understood, less is known about how egg laying is inhibited. We analyzed egg-laying behavior after acute and chronic shifts to and from hyperosmotic media. Animals on 400 mM sorbitol stop laying eggs immediately but then resume ∼3 hours later, after accumulating additional eggs in the uterus. Surprisingly, the hyperosmotic cessation of egg laying still occurred in known osmotic avoidance signaling mutants. Acute hyperosmotic shifts in hyperosmotic-resistant mutants overproducing glycerol also blocked egg laying, but these animals resumed egg laying more quickly than similarly treated wild-type animals. These results suggest that hyperosmotic conditions disrupt a 'high-inside' hydrostatic pressure gradient required for egg laying. Consistent with this hypothesis, animals adapted to hyperosmotic conditions laid more eggs after acute shifts back to normosmic conditions. Optogenetic stimulation of the HSN egg-laying command neurons in hyper-osmotic treated animals led to fewer and slower egg-laying events, an effect not seen following direct optogenetic stimulation of the postsynaptic vulval muscles. Hyperosmotic conditions also affected egg-laying circuit activity with the vulval muscles showing reduced Ca2+ transient amplitudes and frequency even after egg-laying resumes. Together, these results indicate that hyperosmotic conditions regulate egg-laying via two mechanisms: a sensory pathway that acts to reduce HSN excitability and neurotransmitter release, and a biophysical mechanism where a hydrostatic pressure gradient reports egg accumulation in the uterus.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Precipitation patterns drive seasonal and spatial variation in behavior and physiology within an arid-adapted snake genus, Crotalus. 降水模式驱动的行为和生理的季节性和空间变化在干旱适应蛇属，Crotalus。

IF 2.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.251051

Derek M Benson, Carol R Miller, Dale F DeNardo

{"title":"Precipitation patterns drive seasonal and spatial variation in behavior and physiology within an arid-adapted snake genus, Crotalus.","authors":"Derek M Benson, Carol R Miller, Dale F DeNardo","doi":"10.1242/jeb.251051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.251051","url":null,"abstract":"Regardless of environmental conditions, organisms must maintain thermal and hydration states within tolerable limits, which can be especially challenging in arid environments. To mitigate environmental impacts, organisms may use behavioral and physiological alterations to buffer their internal states. Unfortunately, the degree to which behavioral and physiological responses contribute to tolerance of more arid conditions and the extent that organisms may tolerate increasing aridity remains unclear. Therefore, we simultaneously measured physiological and behavioral responses of Sonoran Desert rattlesnakes to seasonal and populational differences in aridity. We found that changes in evaporative water loss, osmolality, and activity across seasons and between sites appear to be driven by precipitation patterns. Earlier, more frequent, and greater amounts of rainfall between field sites resulted in differences in physiology and behavior within a single species. In contrast, two sympatric species showed similar seasonal physiological and behavioral patterns. Overall, our study demonstrates the importance of precipitation as a driver of activity and evaporative water loss and lends insight into the tolerance mechanisms that enable species to inhabit arid environments. Such information is critical as we attempt to predict impacts of climate change where most models forecast increased temperatures and decreased rainfall for many areas around the globe.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reproductive status modulates colour preference and multimodal cue integration in host plant location by butterflies. 生殖状态调节蝴蝶寄主植物定位的颜色偏好和多模态线索整合。

IF 2.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250414

Anaswara K S, Balamurali G S, Hema Somanathan, Ullasa Kodandaramaiah

{"title":"Reproductive status modulates colour preference and multimodal cue integration in host plant location by butterflies.","authors":"Anaswara K S, Balamurali G S, Hema Somanathan, Ullasa Kodandaramaiah","doi":"10.1242/jeb.250414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.250414","url":null,"abstract":"Butterflies utilize visual, odour and tactile cues, individually or in combination, to navigate their surroundings and make decisions. The effectiveness of these cues varies based on distance and context. Colour is a crucial visual cue across multiple behavioural contexts, including when searching for oviposition sites. We investigated the multimodal integration of information and its modulation of colour preferences in the Common Emigrant butterfly, Catopsilia pomona. Specifically, we tested their preference towards green colour in different scenarios including during the phase they are expected to prioritize finding host plants for oviposition. We offered virgin and mated females and males a choice of four colours including green. We show that mated females prefer green but only in the presence of the odour of their preferred host plant. Virgin females and males, irrespective of mating status, preferred colours other than green. Our results suggest that host plant odour and colour are both salient cues for butterflies, and butterflies use them synergistically to find leaves to oviposit. The sex-specific preference towards green, and that green is preferred only under some contexts, highlights the adaptive plasticity of colour preferences in butterflies.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determinants of maximal oxygen consumption in vertebrates. 脊椎动物最大耗氧量的决定因素。

IF 2.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.251087

Phillip R Morrison

{"title":"Determinants of maximal oxygen consumption in vertebrates.","authors":"Phillip R Morrison","doi":"10.1242/jeb.251087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.251087","url":null,"abstract":"Across vertebrates, the maximal rate of oxygen consumption (V˙O2max) defines the capacity of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems to transport oxygen from the environment to the cells. While V˙O2max depends on multiple conductance steps in the oxygen transport pathway - ventilation, respiratory diffusion, circulatory convection, and tissue diffusion - the relative importance of each step differs across species with varying gas exchange organs, cardiac morphologies, and aerobic capacities. I analyzed the determinants of V˙O2max across vertebrates by conducting a sensitivity analysis of V˙O2max limitations in a fish, and synthesizing published sensitivity analyses for an amphibian, a bird, the Thoroughbred racehorse, and humans of average and elite athletic ability. I also compared the effects of hypoxia on conductance contributions using data from birds and humans. To compare models, I calculated fractional limitations from modelled changes in V˙O2max following perturbations to each conductance step. Results reveal similar patterns: circulatory conductance (cardiac output) dominates in species with lower aerobic capacity, while diffusive and ventilatory conductance become more influential in athletic species and in hypoxia. Athletic phenotypes appear to operate at the functional limits of the lung - a consequence, at least in part, of high cardiac output. These findings reinforce the importance of viewing oxygen transport as an integrative system with multiple components that can individually or jointly constrain V˙O2max. Ultimately, the entire system serves to deliver oxygenated red bloods to the muscle capillaries, where the cumulative contributions of all upstream processes influence oxygen transfer from red blood cells to mitochondria.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chill tolerant Drosophila species maintain electrogenic muscle membrane potential to resist cold-induced depolarization. 耐寒果蝇维持电致肌膜电位以抵抗寒冷诱导的去极化。

IF 2.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250970

Johannes Overgaard, Jeppe Seamus Bayley, Jacob Nørgaard Poulsen, Nikolaj Johannes Skole Jensen, Thomas Holm Pedersen, Jon Herskind, Mads Kuhlmann Andersen

{"title":"Chill tolerant Drosophila species maintain electrogenic muscle membrane potential to resist cold-induced depolarization.","authors":"Johannes Overgaard, Jeppe Seamus Bayley, Jacob Nørgaard Poulsen, Nikolaj Johannes Skole Jensen, Thomas Holm Pedersen, Jon Herskind, Mads Kuhlmann Andersen","doi":"10.1242/jeb.250970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.250970","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to tolerate low temperature is among the most important traits defining the functional niche of insects, and it is clear that cold tolerance of most insects is intimately linked to their ability to defend membrane potential (Vm). Failure to maintain membrane polarization results in loss of neuromuscular function and may ultimately initiate cell death and organismal injury. Prolonged cold exposure challenges membrane polarization through loss of transmembrane ion balance; however, the insect muscle Vm is also dependent on a strong and temperature-dependent electrogenic effect driven by Na+/K+-ATPase activity. In the present study we investigate the electrogenic contribution of the Na+/K+-ATPase at benign (20°C) and low (0°C) temperature in ten Drosophila species representing a broad spectrum of chill tolerance. We find that the electrogenic effect of the Na+/K+-ATPase contributes a considerable component of the muscle Vm in all ten species at 20°C. This electrogenic contribution is reduced significantly at 0°C in the chill sensitive species, while tolerant species retain their electrogenic effect at low temperature. Thus, the initial cold-induced muscle depolarization, that is a hallmark of chill sensitive insects, is largely caused by loss of Na+/K+-ATPase-dependent electrogenic polarization. We hypothesized that maintenance of Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the cold would be energetically costly, but in contrast to our hypothesis we find no evidence for major energetic costs in the species that maintain membrane polarization at low temperature. On the basis of these observations we discuss how other adaptations at the protein or membrane level could explain the observed intraspecific differences.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pacing to pink noise enhances gait recovery from a mechanical perturbation. 对粉红噪声的起搏增强了机械扰动下的步态恢复。

IF 2.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250650

Marilena Kalaitzi Manifrenti, Jenny A Kent, Jordan Wickstrom, Nick Stergiou, Aaron D Likens

{"title":"Pacing to pink noise enhances gait recovery from a mechanical perturbation.","authors":"Marilena Kalaitzi Manifrenti, Jenny A Kent, Jordan Wickstrom, Nick Stergiou, Aaron D Likens","doi":"10.1242/jeb.250650","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.250650","url":null,"abstract":"Effective locomotion requires physiological systems to adapt to instabilities. While gait perturbation recovery often appears rapid, it is possible that longer-lasting effects may be present. Therefore, this study explored recovery trends of gait dynamics following an experimenter-induced perturbation. Further investigation pertained to how responses to perturbations are influenced by walking to differently correlated auditory pacing cues (white noise, pink noise, isochronous, no cues) that altered stride-to-stride variability. The recovery rate of the temporal gait dynamics was measured 20 min post-perturbation using an interrupted time series analysis, a statistical method that evaluates the impact of an intervention by comparing trends in the data before and after the intervention is introduced. Pink noise gait, though seemingly affected by the perturbation initially, exhibited the fastest recovery to pre-perturbation gait dynamics. Conversely, white noise gait, despite appearing less affected at first, failed to completely recover, indicating a lasting perturbation effect. Isochronous gait remained unresponsive - an inflexibility that hinders adaptability to varying situations. The proposed statistical method reveals pre- and post-perturbation differences in gait dynamics and recovery rates, highlighting that pink noise gait offers faster adaptability to unexpected perturbations without long-term changes in gait dynamics.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145015591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy costs and benefits of locomotion and feeding in site-attached damselfish. 定点附着的小雀鲷运动和进食的能量消耗和收益。

IF 2.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.251164

Kota Ishikawa, Heng Wu, Satoshi Mitarai, Amatzia Genin

引用次数: 0

Characterization and functional analysis of AgRunx in the blood clam (Anadara granosa): implications for hemocyte proliferation. 血蛤（Anadara granosa）中AgRunx的特性和功能分析：对血细胞增殖的影响。

IF 2.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250949

Yiru Shen, Lixue Zhao, Luyun He, Nan Zhang, Hongyu Jin, Weifeng Zhang, Hongxing Liu, Yongbo Bao

{"title":"Characterization and functional analysis of AgRunx in the blood clam (Anadara granosa): implications for hemocyte proliferation.","authors":"Yiru Shen, Lixue Zhao, Luyun He, Nan Zhang, Hongyu Jin, Weifeng Zhang, Hongxing Liu, Yongbo Bao","doi":"10.1242/jeb.250949","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.250949","url":null,"abstract":"The Runx family of transcription factors, evolutionarily conserved regulators of vertebrate hematopoiesis, coordinates hematopoietic lineage commitment through DNA-binding Runt domains. While their roles are well characterized in vertebrates, functional insights into bivalve hemocyte proliferation remain limited. Here, we identified a Runx homolog (AgRunx) in the blood clam Anadara granosa, encoding 556 amino acid protein with a conserved Runt domain. Spatial expression analysis revealed predominant AgRunx transcription in hemolymph (10.12-fold versus gonads, P<0.05), with dynamic upregulation peaking during the D-shaped veliger developmental stage. Furthermore, AgRunx was significantly upregulated at both the mRNA and protein levels in the hemolymph of A. granosa with high total hemocyte count group [HTHC: 32.70(±2.36)×104 cells μl-1], compared with individuals with low hemocyte count group [LTHC: 7.90(±0.85)×104 cells μl-1]. AgRunx RNA interference (RNAi) showed both the total hemocyte count and hemoglobin concentration were significantly reduced. Moreover, a decrease in the number of EdU-labeled proliferating cells in gill tissues was observed, accompanied by downregulation of the G0/G1 phase and upregulation of the G2/M phase in hemocytes. These results conclusively demonstrate AgRunx is involved in the hematopoietic process of A. granosa and plays a critical role in cell proliferation.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145033342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental evolution-induced transcriptome and phenotype responses of Drosophila melanogaster to novel thermal environments. 实验进化诱导的黑腹果蝇对新热环境的转录组和表型反应。

IF 2.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.251365

Dau Dayal Aggarwal, Prachi Mishra, Yashvant Patel, Manvender Singh, Vijendra Sharma, Abraham B Korol, Pawel Michalak

{"title":"Experimental evolution-induced transcriptome and phenotype responses of Drosophila melanogaster to novel thermal environments.","authors":"Dau Dayal Aggarwal, Prachi Mishra, Yashvant Patel, Manvender Singh, Vijendra Sharma, Abraham B Korol, Pawel Michalak","doi":"10.1242/jeb.251365","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.251365","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal stress imposes significant challenges on organisms, influencing cellular functions, morphology and survival. This study investigates the transcriptomic and phenotypic adaptations of Drosophila melanogaster populations subjected to constant high-temperature (HT) and fluctuating-temperature (FT) regimes over 80 generations in experimental evolution settings. RNA sequencing identified 1288 and 1152 differentially expressed genes in HT and FT populations, respectively, relative to the baseline population. Multiple gene ontology (GO) terms, including chromatin organization, nucleosome assembly, nucleic acid binding and polytene chromosome band formation, were enriched under both regimes, suggesting shared adaptive pathways. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed mitochondrial function and protein homeostasis as central to thermal adaptation, with HT populations showing enrichment of DNA repair and FT populations exhibiting enrichment of RNA processing and translation regulation-related terms. Phenotypic assays demonstrated increased heat tolerance, accelerated development and prolonged longevity in evolved populations, highlighting parallel as well as thermal regime-specific adaptive responses. This study emphasizes the complexity of transcriptomic-phenotypic adaptations to thermal stress in new environments.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145244456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0