Journal of Experimental Biology最新文献_第2页

The effects of genome size and climate on basal metabolic rate variation in rodents.

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249864

Ana Paula Cutrera, Facundo Luna

{"title":"The effects of genome size and climate on basal metabolic rate variation in rodents.","authors":"Ana Paula Cutrera, Facundo Luna","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249864","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249864","url":null,"abstract":"Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the most commonly measured energetic variable in endothermic animals. Identifying the underlying factors driving interspecific variation in BMR remains a major question in the field of energetics. While body size (M) and taxonomic affiliation are the intrinsic factors that account for most of the interspecific variation in BMR, haploid genome size (C-value) is hypothesized to directly influence cell size and, indirectly, the specific metabolic rate. Climatic variables, mostly ambient temperature, have also been proposed as predictors of mass-independent BMR for endotherms. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the relative importance of intrinsic (C-value: CV) and extrinsic (climatic variables) factors as predictors of BMR in 67 rodent species in a phylogenetic context. The best ordinary least square (OLS) and phylogenetic generalized least squares (PGLS) models explaining interspecific variation in BMR included the variables logM, logCV, maximum temperature of the warmest month (Tmax), minimum temperature of the coldest month (Tmin) and net primary productivity (NPP). logM was the main determinant of logBMR variation in the rodents analyzed. Part of the remaining variation was attributed to a negative effect of genome size, explaining 14% of the BMR variance when Tmin was included in the model. As expected, one or two climatic variables were involved in explaining the remaining BMR variation (Tmin, Tmax and NPP). Our study highlights the importance of a denser sampling within vertebrate clades and the use of a phylogenetic context to elucidate the factors that contribute to explain BMR variation.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143501951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Company of Biologists celebrates its first Global South Workshop.

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249709

Kathryn Knight

引用次数: 0

Free-ranging squirrels perform stable, above-branch landings by balancing using leg force and nonprehensile foot torque.

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249934

Sebastian D Lee, Stanley Wang, Duyi Kuang, Eric K Wang, Justin K Yim, Nathaniel H Hunt, Ronald S Fearing, Hannah S Stuart, Robert J Full

{"title":"Free-ranging squirrels perform stable, above-branch landings by balancing using leg force and nonprehensile foot torque.","authors":"Sebastian D Lee, Stanley Wang, Duyi Kuang, Eric K Wang, Justin K Yim, Nathaniel H Hunt, Ronald S Fearing, Hannah S Stuart, Robert J Full","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249934","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249934","url":null,"abstract":"For gap-crossing agility, arboreal animals require the ability to stabilize dynamic landings on branches. Despite lacking a prehensile grip, squirrels achieve stable landings using a palmar grasp. We investigated the landing dynamics of free-ranging fox squirrels (Sciurus niger) to uncover strategies for stable, above-branch landings. Using high-speed video and force-torque measurements in the sagittal plane, we quantified landing kinetics across gap distances. Squirrels rapidly managed >80% of the landing energy with their forelimbs. With larger gaps, peak leg force and foot torque increased. Alignment between forelimbs, velocity and force also increased, likely reducing joint moment. We tested control hypotheses based on an extensible pendulum model used in a physical, hopping robot named Salto. Squirrels stabilized off-target landings by modulating leg force and foot torque. To correct for undershooting, squirrels generated pull-up torques and reduced leg force. For overshooting, squirrels generated braking torques and increased leg force. Embodying control principles in leg and foot design can enable stable landings in sparse environments for animals and robots alike, even those lacking prehensile grasps.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Cftr-independent, Ano1-rich seawater-adaptive ionocyte in sea lamprey gills.

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250110

Ciaran A Shaughnessy, Daniel J Hall, Jessica L Norstog, Andre Barany, Amy M Regish, Diogo Ferreira-Martins, Jason P Breves, Lisa M Komoroske, Stephen D McCormick

{"title":"A Cftr-independent, Ano1-rich seawater-adaptive ionocyte in sea lamprey gills.","authors":"Ciaran A Shaughnessy, Daniel J Hall, Jessica L Norstog, Andre Barany, Amy M Regish, Diogo Ferreira-Martins, Jason P Breves, Lisa M Komoroske, Stephen D McCormick","doi":"10.1242/jeb.250110","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.250110","url":null,"abstract":"All ionoregulating marine fishes examined to date utilize seawater-type ionocytes expressing the apical Cl- channel, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (Cftr) to secrete Cl-. We performed transcriptomic, molecular and functional studies to identify Cl- transporters in the seawater-type ionocytes of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus). Gill cftr expression was minimal or undetectable in larvae and post-metamorphic juveniles. We identified other Cl- transporters highly expressed in the gills and/or upregulated following metamorphosis and further investigated two candidates that stood out in our analysis, a Ca2+-activated Cl- channel, anoctamin 1 (ano1), and the Clc chloride channel family member 2 (clcn2). Of these, ano1 was expressed 10-100 times more than clcn2 in the gills; moreover, ano1 was upregulated during seawater acclimation, while clcn2 was not. Using an antibody raised against sea lamprey Ano1, we did not detect Ano1 in the gills of larvae, found elevated levels in juveniles and observed a 4-fold increase in juveniles after seawater acclimation. Ano1 was localized to seawater-type branchial ionocytes but, surprisingly, was localized to the basolateral membrane. In vivo pharmacological inhibition experiments demonstrated that a DIDS-sensitive mechanism was critical to the maintenance of osmoregulatory homeostasis in seawater- but not freshwater-acclimated sea lamprey. Taken together, our results provide evidence of a Cftr-independent mechanism for branchial Cl- secretion in sea lamprey that leverages Ano1-expressing ionocytes. Once further characterized, the Cftr-independent, Ano1-rich ionocytes of sea lamprey could reveal novel strategies for branchial Cl- secretion, whether by Ano1 or some other Cl- transporter, not previously known in ionoregulating marine organisms.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143501950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Breaking family bonds: pair disruption alters female adolescent spatial neophobia but not other personality traits or corticosterone stress response in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata).

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249636

Marie Barou-Dagues, Chloé Peytavin, Charline Parenteau, Frédéric Angelier

{"title":"Breaking family bonds: pair disruption alters female adolescent spatial neophobia but not other personality traits or corticosterone stress response in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata).","authors":"Marie Barou-Dagues, Chloé Peytavin, Charline Parenteau, Frédéric Angelier","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249636","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249636","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescence is a sensitive period because it is associated with the ontogeny of key neurological, physiological and behavioural systems. These systems can be permanently altered by social disruption during adolescence and therefore impair an individual's ability to cope with its environment later in life. We tested whether pair disruption of captive zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) during emancipation affects the family social structure, with potential consequences for the nutritional status, personality and corticosterone stress response of juveniles. We experimentally manipulated the social environment of 22 families during emancipation by replacing fathers with unfamiliar males (experimental families) or leaving them unchanged (control families) and monitored the prevalence of affiliative, agonistic and sexual interactions between family members. We assessed offspring growth, timing of nutritional independence, body condition as well as five personality traits and the corticosterone stress response to isolation. While we observed more agonistic and sexual behaviours in experimental families, we also observed more affiliative behaviours between experimental siblings and more maternal provisioning of the experimental juveniles. Among all the traits we tested, we only found a sex-dependent effect of the experimental treatment on spatial neophobia, suggesting that pair disruption may have long-term consequences for females' ability to cope with new environments. However, our findings suggest overall that the emancipation phase is less sensitive to social environment in comparison to the prenatal and early postnatal periods and that nutritional and social buffers may mitigate the lasting impacts of pair disruption on adolescent behavioural and stress response profiles in altricial species such as the zebra finch.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transcriptomic reaction norms highlight metabolic depression as a divergence in phenotypic plasticity between oyster species under ocean acidification.

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249458

Mathieu Lutier, Fabrice Pernet, Vincent Vanaa, Carole Di Poi, Jérémy Le Luyer

{"title":"Transcriptomic reaction norms highlight metabolic depression as a divergence in phenotypic plasticity between oyster species under ocean acidification.","authors":"Mathieu Lutier, Fabrice Pernet, Vincent Vanaa, Carole Di Poi, Jérémy Le Luyer","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249458","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249458","url":null,"abstract":"Ocean acidification is occurring at a rate unprecedented for millions of years, forcing sessile organisms, such as oysters, to respond in the short term by relying on their phenotypic plasticity. But phenotypic plasticity has limits, tipping points, beyond which species will have to adapt or disappear. These limits could be related to the adaptation of species to different habitat variabilities. Here, we exposed juvenile pearl oysters, Pinctada margaritifera, to a broad pH range and determined the response at the gross physiological, lipidome and transcriptome levels. Thus, we identified its high tolerance with low pH tipping points at pH 7.3-6.8 below which most physiological parameters are impacted. We then compared the transcriptomic reaction norms of the tropical subtidal P. margaritifera with those of an intertidal temperate oyster, Crassostrea gigas, reusing data from a previous study. Despite showing similar tipping points to C. gigas, P. margaritifera exhibits strong mortality and depletion of energy reserves below these tipping points, which is not the case for C. gigas. This divergence relies mainly on the induction of metabolic depression, an adaptation to intertidal habitats in C. gigas but not P. margaritifera. Our method makes it possible to detect divergence in phenotypic plasticity, probably linked to the species' specific life-history strategies related to different habitats, which will determine the survival of species in the face of ongoing global changes. Such an approach is particularly relevant for studying the physiology of species in a world where physiological tipping points will increasingly be exceeded.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitochondrial respiration capacity impacts gill tissue regeneration in Atlantic salmon.

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249704

Ensiyeh Ghanizadeh-Kazerouni, Benjamin Negrete, Simon R M Jones, Mark D Fast, Colin J Brauner

{"title":"Mitochondrial respiration capacity impacts gill tissue regeneration in Atlantic salmon.","authors":"Ensiyeh Ghanizadeh-Kazerouni, Benjamin Negrete, Simon R M Jones, Mark D Fast, Colin J Brauner","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249704","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249704","url":null,"abstract":"Gill regeneration in fish varies inter- and intra-specifically. The latter may be associated with myriad factors including capacity of energy metabolism. This study investigated whether mitochondrial respiration capacity influences the degree of gill regeneration and features of mitochondria in regenerated tissue by feeding fish an experimental diet aimed at modulating mitochondrial efficiency. Atlantic salmon reared on standard and experimental diet were subjected to 50% filament resection on a subset of filaments on the ventral and dorsal regions of the first gill arch. Mitochondrial respiration and citrate synthase activity (CSA) were measured in the resected tips of filaments (week-0) and then in the regenerated tissue at 20 weeks post-resection (week-20). The degree of filament regeneration was measured at week-20. The experimental diet reduced CSA and respiratory control ratio (RCR), and increased proton leak at week-0, which was associated with a 30% reduction in tissue regeneration compared with fish on standard diet. While CSA increased in the regenerated tissue of experimental diet fish, there was a decline in other metrics of mitochondrial respiration including state 3, proton leak and RCR irrespective of diet. Overall, mitochondrial respiration efficiency at week-0 was positively correlated with the degree of subsequent gill tissue regeneration. Additionally, state 3 respiration and proton leak at week-20 were positively correlated with tissue regeneration, whereas CSA exhibited a negative relationship. Our results indicate that the capacity of mitochondrial respiration may at least partially explain the inter-individual variation in tissue regeneration, but mitochondrial function in the regenerating tissue may be limited.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring new depths: king penguins break dive records during the austral winter.

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250184

Maëlle Oberlin, Manfred R Enstipp, Céline Le Bohec, Robin Dardel, Charles-André Bost, Yves Handrich

引用次数: 0

Buzzing boundaries: tiny caterpillars vibrate to defend leaf tip territories.

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249796

Sarah M Matheson, Leonardo M Turchen, Emilie Mauduit, Jayne E Yack

{"title":"Buzzing boundaries: tiny caterpillars vibrate to defend leaf tip territories.","authors":"Sarah M Matheson, Leonardo M Turchen, Emilie Mauduit, Jayne E Yack","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249796","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249796","url":null,"abstract":"Territorial displays include some of the most elaborate behaviours in the animal kingdom. In this study, we investigated the territorial behaviour and vibratory signalling of neonate warty birch caterpillars (Falcaria bilineata; Lepidoptera: Drepanidae), which reside solitarily on birch leaves and defend the leaf tip. Upon hatching, these tiny caterpillars - no larger than 2 mm - seek out and establish a small solitary territory (∼1 cm wide) at the leaf tip, where they lay silk mats, feed and advertise their presence by producing multicomponent vibratory signals - buzz scrapes and drums. When a conspecific neonate (intruder) is introduced to a leaf occupied by a resident, the resident increases its signalling rate up to four times that when undisturbed, and even more - up to 14 times - if the intruder enters the territory. Intruders rarely manage to take over the resident's defended space, with most confrontations (71%) ending in the resident maintaining control. Residents signal significantly more than intruders at all stages of the contest. If physical contact occurs, residents flee by dropping from the leaf by a silk thread. This results in territorial contests that involve no physical aggression, relying entirely on vibratory communication. These vibratory displays most likely function to establish spacing between conspecifics on a tree branch, but these complex signals may also function to exclude other members of the vibratory community by mimicking something dangerous, such as a jumping spider.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transcriptomic responses to within- and intergenerational environmental warming in a cold-adapted salmonid.

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249415

Chantelle M Penney, Gary Burness, Gerardo Zapata, François Lefebvre, Chris C Wilson

{"title":"Transcriptomic responses to within- and intergenerational environmental warming in a cold-adapted salmonid.","authors":"Chantelle M Penney, Gary Burness, Gerardo Zapata, François Lefebvre, Chris C Wilson","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.249415","url":null,"abstract":"Cold-adapted species are particularly threatened by climate change as rates of environmental warming outpace the ability of many populations to adapt. Recent evidence suggests that intergenerational thermal plasticity may play a role in the response of cold-adapted organisms to long-term changes in temperature. Using RNA sequencing, we explored differential gene expression of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush), a cold-adapted species, to examine the molecular processes that respond to elevated temperatures under conditions of within-generation (offspring) and intergenerational (parental) warm acclimation. We hypothesized that genes associated with metabolism, growth and thermal stress/tolerance would be differentially expressed in juvenile lake trout offspring depending on their own acclimation temperature and that of their parents. While parental warm acclimation did have an intergenerational effect on gene expression in their offspring, within-generation (offspring) warm acclimation had a greater effect on the number of differentially expressed genes. Differentially expressed genes enriched pathways for thermal stress, signaling processes, immune function, and transcription regulation and depended on the acclimation temperature of the offspring in isolation or in combination with parental warm acclimation. Despite evidence of intergenerational effects on gene expression in lake trout in response to elevated temperatures, the effect is unlikely to significantly increase populations' ability to cope with increasing environmental temperatures associated with climate change.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0