Journal of Experimental Biology最新文献_第7页

Long-term multichannel recordings in Drosophila flies reveal altered predictive processing during sleep compared with wake. 果蝇的长期多通道记录显示，与清醒时相比，睡眠时的预测处理发生了改变。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250165

Matthew N Van De Poll, Bruno van Swinderen

{"title":"Long-term multichannel recordings in Drosophila flies reveal altered predictive processing during sleep compared with wake.","authors":"Matthew N Van De Poll, Bruno van Swinderen","doi":"10.1242/jeb.250165","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.250165","url":null,"abstract":"During sleep, behavioral responsiveness to external stimuli is decreased. This classical definition of sleep has been applied effectively across the animal kingdom to identify this common behavioral state in a growing list of creatures, from mammals to invertebrates. Yet, it remains unclear whether decreased behavioral responsiveness during sleep is necessarily associated with decreased responsiveness in brain activity, especially in insects. Here, we performed long-term multichannel electrophysiology in tethered Drosophila melanogaster flies exposed continuously to repetitive visual stimuli. Flies were still able to sleep under these visual stimulation conditions, as determined by traditional immobility duration criteria for the field. Interestingly, we did not find any difference between responses to repetitive visual stimuli during sleep compared with wake when we recorded local field potentials (LFPs) across a transect of the fly brain from optic lobes to the central brain. However, we did find LFP responses to be altered when visual stimuli were variable and of lower probability, especially in the central brain. Central brain responses to less predictable or 'deviant' stimuli were lower during the deepest stage of sleep, a time of quiescence characterized by more regular proboscis extensions. This shows that the sleeping fly brain processes low-probability visual stimuli in a different way from more repeated stimuli, and presents Drosophila as a promising model for studying the potential role of sleep in regulating predictive processing.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gene expression correlates and mechanistic insights into electric organ discharge duration changes in mormyrid electric fish. 电鱼电器官放电持续时间变化的基因表达相关性及机制研究。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249548

Mauricio Losilla, Jason R Gallant

{"title":"Gene expression correlates and mechanistic insights into electric organ discharge duration changes in mormyrid electric fish.","authors":"Mauricio Losilla, Jason R Gallant","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249548","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249548","url":null,"abstract":"Electric organ discharge (EOD) duration in African weakly electric fish (Mormyridae) is the most variable waveform component between species and the basis for distinguishing species-specific signals. EOD duration is thought to be influenced by morphological and physiological features of electrocytes (the cells that comprise the electric organ), but the mechanistic details are poorly understood. It has long been known that EOD duration is modulated by androgen hormones, affording an opportunity to identify gene expression correlates of EOD duration differences. We induced EOD elongation in the mormyrid Brienomyrus brachyistius by administering 17α-methyltestosterone (17αMT) to three treatment groups: control (no 17αMT exposure), T1day and T8day (samples taken 1 and 8 days after a single exposure to 17αMT, respectively). We then performed RNAseq, differential gene expression and functional enrichment analysis to detect gene expression changes during EOD duration change. Our analyses indicate 44 genes whose expression changed in tandem with EOD elongation and include genes responsible for actin filaments and microtubules, extracellular matrix organization and membrane lipid metabolism. Additionally, we found expression changes in one Na+ channel β-subunit, and five voltage-gated K+ channels. Together, these genes point toward specific cellular processes that contribute to morphological and physiological changes that contribute to EOD duration changes.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of diet quality on the musculoskeletal system of the masticatory apparatus in Mus musculus domesticus. 饲料质量对家家鼠咀嚼器肌肉骨骼系统的影响。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249735

Levke Hansen, Daniela E Winkler, Anja Guenther, Christine Böhmer

{"title":"Effects of diet quality on the musculoskeletal system of the masticatory apparatus in Mus musculus domesticus.","authors":"Levke Hansen, Daniela E Winkler, Anja Guenther, Christine Böhmer","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249735","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249735","url":null,"abstract":"Isolated environments such as islands can provide restricted dietary resources of varying quality. This has a major impact on evolution of island species, and can lead to rapid morphological adaptation, especially in small mammals. To understand the impact of diet quality on the masticatory apparatus in the model species Mus musculus domesticus, we quantitatively analysed the main masticatory muscles and the mandibular morphology in semi-natural populations kept on different diets for six generations. The investigation of individuals of the F5 generation raised on high quality (HQ) or standard quality (SQ) diets revealed significantly higher muscle mass and larger anatomical cross-sectional area (ACSA) of the m. masseter and the m. temporalis in mice raised on the SQ diet as compared with the HQ diet. A trend towards more robust (i.e. sturdy) mandible morphology in SQ mice as compared with HQ mice was evident. The investigation of individuals of two F6 generations that were fed on a diet different from that of the preceding generation revealed that the diet switch from HQ to SQ resulted in increased muscle size, whereas the diet switch from SQ to HQ lead to decreased muscle size as compared with the respective control group. The mandible displayed limited differences in morphology. These findings suggest that within six generations, diet quality could be a selection factor for morphological traits in the mandible that may become epigenetically fixed. However, additional studies such as DNA methylation and histone modification are necessary to unravel the role of the epigenome in this context.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144008096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inside the JEB Symposium at Biologists @ 100. 在生物学家@ 100的杰布研讨会上。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250808

引用次数: 0

Chronic stress and the development of a depression-like neuroendocrine profile in Atlantic salmon. 大西洋鲑鱼慢性应激与抑郁样神经内分泌的发展。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249862

Marco A Vindas, Ole Folkedal, Johan Aerts, Øyvind Øverli, Jonatan Nilsson, Ida B Johansen, Tore S Kristiansen, Erik Höglund

{"title":"Chronic stress and the development of a depression-like neuroendocrine profile in Atlantic salmon.","authors":"Marco A Vindas, Ole Folkedal, Johan Aerts, Øyvind Øverli, Jonatan Nilsson, Ida B Johansen, Tore S Kristiansen, Erik Höglund","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249862","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249862","url":null,"abstract":"A subpopulation of aquaculture salmon are characterized by abnormal swimming behavior, growth stunting and anorexia, as well as chronically elevated cortisol and brain serotonergic levels. This profile is associated with a depression-like state (DLS) and these fish are unable to respond to further stressors. Whereas the underlying causes behind this phenomenon remain elusive, the physiological profile strongly suggests that chronic stress plays a significant role in this phenomenon. We subjected Atlantic salmon to a chronic stress regime consisting of incremental increases in environmental CO2 concentrations during the freshwater phase for 68 days. Plasma corticosteroids, brain stem, hypothalamic and telencephalic serotonin concentrations and telencephalic whole transcriptome expression were then assessed under basal and acute stress conditions. We found that fish exposed to increased CO2 were characterized by a long-term increase in cortisol, cortisol+cortisone and serotonin (5-HT) signaling in the brain stem. Furthermore, in response to an acute confinement stressor, the CO2-treated fish increased their levels of cortisol and cortisol+cortisone, and decreased their cortisone/cortisol ratio. But unlike the control fish, they were unable to also respond to confinement by increased 5-HT signaling in the brain stem. In terms of their transcriptional response, post-stress gene regulation in CO2-treated fish was the opposite of that observed in control fish. We believe this profile is an example of allostatic overload, characterized by the inability to cope with stress. This profile is associated with DLS, suggesting that chronic stress may be an important factor leading to the development of the DLS phenotype in salmon.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic heterogeneity induces non-additive behavioural changes in Drosophila. 遗传异质性诱导果蝇的非加性行为改变。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249449

Takahira Okuyama, Daiki X Sato, Yuma Takahashi

{"title":"Genetic heterogeneity induces non-additive behavioural changes in Drosophila.","authors":"Takahira Okuyama, Daiki X Sato, Yuma Takahashi","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.249449","url":null,"abstract":"The formation and dynamics of group behaviours are important topics in ecology and evolution. Although several theoretical studies assume homogeneity among individuals, real-world organisms often display remarkable behavioural diversity within groups. This study investigated the synergistic impact of genetic heterogeneity on group behaviour and revealed the behavioural underpinnings of diversity effects using 83 genetically distinct strains of Drosophila melanogaster. Various indices of exploratory behaviour, including movement speed, search comprehensiveness, spatial preference and stopping time, were measured using homogeneous (single strain) and heterogeneous (mixing two distinct strains) groups of flies. The heterogeneous groups exhibited significant differences in spatial preference and stopping time compared with the homogeneous groups, suggesting that genetic heterogeneity induces non-additive changes in group behaviour. Furthermore, the magnitude and direction of the behavioural change varied among different combinations. Multiple regression analysis showed that the phenotypic distance in some traits between mixed strains could explain the emergence of diversity effects on group behaviour. Specifically, interindividual heterogeneity in the locomotor activity level showed a positive correlation with diversity effects. These results emphasise the importance of intraspecific diversity in group dynamics and suggest that genetic heterogeneity can improve group performance through the acquisition of latent behavioural traits.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"228 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: The effects of anthropogenic sound on embryonic little skates (Leucoraja erinacea) and chain catsharks (Scyliorhinus retifer). 更正：人为声音对胚胎小溜冰鱼（Leucoraja erinacea）和链猫鲨（Scyliorhinus retifer）的影响。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.250646

Alyvia Martinez, Lily M Hall, Mary Ann Fuentes, Rosalyn L Putland, Allen F Mensinger

引用次数: 0

Bumblebees locate goals in 3D with absolute height estimation from ventral optic flow. 大黄蜂利用腹侧光流估计的绝对高度来定位三维目标。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249763

Annkathrin Sonntag, Martin Egelhaaf, Olivier J N Bertrand, Mathieu Lihoreau

{"title":"Bumblebees locate goals in 3D with absolute height estimation from ventral optic flow.","authors":"Annkathrin Sonntag, Martin Egelhaaf, Olivier J N Bertrand, Mathieu Lihoreau","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249763","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249763","url":null,"abstract":"When foraging, flying insects such as bees are often required to change their flight altitude from close to the ground to above the height of vegetation to reach their nest or a food source. Although the mechanisms of navigating towards a goal in two dimensions are well investigated, the explicit use of height as a source for navigation in three dimensions remains mostly unknown. Our study aimed to unravel which strategies bumblebees use for height estimation and whether they rely on global or local cues. We expanded a 2D goal localization paradigm, where a goal location is indicated by cylindrical landmarks, to the third dimension using spherical landmarks to indicate a feeder's position in 3D and examined the search pattern of bumblebees. Additionally, we assessed the ability of bees to estimate the height of a feeder based on local landmarks and global references such as the ground. The search distribution for a feeder's position in 3D was less spatially concentrated compared with 2D. Assessing the height estimation ability of the bees, we found they could estimate a feeder's height using the ground as a reference. However, the feeder needed to be sufficiently close to the ground for the bees to choose correctly. When bumblebees are faced with the challenge of foraging in a 3D environment where the height of a food source and landmark cues are important, they demonstrate the ability to learn and return to a specific flower height. This suggests bumblebees rely on ventral optic flow for goal height estimation.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic and asynchronous ontogenetic changes in growth and metabolic rate in thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus). 十三行地松鼠生长和代谢率的动态和非同步个体发生变化。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249931

Jessica L Li, Katie E Marshall, William K Milsom

{"title":"Dynamic and asynchronous ontogenetic changes in growth and metabolic rate in thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus).","authors":"Jessica L Li, Katie E Marshall, William K Milsom","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249931","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.249931","url":null,"abstract":"As mammals grow from developmentally immature neonates into adults, metabolic rate (V̇O2) has been hypothesized to scale isometrically with body mass until individuals reach a critical size, after which scaling becomes hypometric. This study aimed to determine when this occurs and gain insight into why this metabolic switch occurs in altricial thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus). We hypothesized that the switch would be related to patterns of growth and development. We measured the mass and resting V̇O2 of I. tridecemlineatus pups using flow-through respirometry at postnatal days (P)0-P30 (inclusive), P60, P90, P120 and at over 1 year old and found repeated and asynchronous ontogenetic changes in growth rate and metabolic scaling. Following birth, pups grew 1.18±0.02 g day-1 and metabolism scaled isometrically as predicted (scaling exponent B=1.01±0.03). Surprisingly, B more than doubled to 2.64±0.13 at P18-P23 while growth rate remained constant. At P29, growth rate more than quadrupled to 4.87±0.03 g day-1 while between P35 and P43 the further increase in V̇O2 was proportionately less, and thus B fell to -0.27±0.43. Adult size was reached by P79, with final scaling and growth rate values maintained into adulthood (P465). The asynchronous changes in mass and resting V̇O2 appear to reflect metabolic trade-offs as pups allocated energy towards physiological development (P18-P35) versus growth (P35-P79): the period of hypermetabolic scaling (B=2.64±0.13) coincided with the time when pups became weaned and sufficiently physiologically and morphologically developed to live independently.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Animal colour change: proximate mechanisms, evolutionary ecology and response to anthropogenic impacts. 动物颜色变化：近似机制、进化生态学和对人为影响的响应。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.249764

Rafael C Duarte, Nicholas M Wade, Martin Stevens

{"title":"Animal colour change: proximate mechanisms, evolutionary ecology and response to anthropogenic impacts.","authors":"Rafael C Duarte, Nicholas M Wade, Martin Stevens","doi":"10.1242/jeb.249764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.249764","url":null,"abstract":"Animal colour has multiple functions in nature, from sexual signalling to protecting individuals against visual predators. However, instead of being a fixed trait, colour and patterning may be changed over different time scales according to variable selective pressures. Early research on animal colour change focused on the pigments driving rapid and slow changes in a few animal groups, shedding light on cellular and some physiological mechanisms. Conversely, over the past 20 years of research, advances in colour quantification and increased emphasis on the adaptive function of colour change has prompted investigations within ecological and evolutionary frameworks. These include more recent research on how human impacts, such as pollution and habitat modification, may disrupt colour change by affecting animal physiology or exposing organisms to altered environmental conditions. Here, we comprehensively review what is known regarding the physiological and ecological mechanisms behind dynamic (i.e. reversible) colour change in animals. We begin with an overview of colour change mechanisms, covering classic cellular processes while highlighting new molecular and physiological insights. Next, we discuss the evolutionary ecology of colour change, reviewing evidence of its adaptive value and links to behaviour. Finally, we examine anthropogenic impacts on animal colour change, addressing how factors such as pollution and habitat modification influence colour plasticity. We conclude by identifying key unresolved questions and proposing directions for future research.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"228 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144266398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0