Journal of Experimental Biology最新文献_第5页

A miRNA-mediated gene regulatory network supports seasonal plasticity in the temperate coral Astrangia poculata. mirna介导的基因调控网络支持温带珊瑚的季节性可塑性。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2026-09-21 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.253001

Jill Ashey, Chloé Gilligan, Hollie M Putnam

{"title":"A miRNA-mediated gene regulatory network supports seasonal plasticity in the temperate coral Astrangia poculata.","authors":"Jill Ashey, Chloé Gilligan, Hollie M Putnam","doi":"10.1242/jeb.253001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.253001","url":null,"abstract":"Phenotypic plasticity is critical for sessile marine invertebrates facing intensifying climate change. MicroRNAs (miRNAs)-small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression-are compelling candidates for mediating such plasticity, but their role in coral biology remains poorly characterized. We used the temperate coral Astrangia poculata, which endures annual temperature ranges exceeding 25°C, to investigate miRNA-mediated plasticity across seasonal and thermal contexts. Adult aposymbiotic colonies were exposed to ambient seasonal temperatures (∼5-22°C) and a chronic +3°C warming treatment from February to August 2021. Monthly physiological sampling showed that seasonal temperature variation drove significant shifts in photosynthesis, respiration, and soluble protein, whereas the +3°C treatment had minimal physiological effect. RNA-seq across three time points (February, June, and August) revealed that seasonal temperature variation also drove the strongest molecular response. Transcriptional functional enrichment shifted from winter protein homeostasis and cellular integrity to summer immunity, metabolism, and reproduction. We also identified 51 A. poculata miRNAs (46 novel), providing the first characterization of the miRNA repertoire in this species. Target prediction and co-expression analyses revealed that while mRNA-miRNA networks appear to maintain a stable infrastructure across seasons and treatments, specific interactions may be rewired to drive seasonal biology. This dynamic regulation is associated with putative suppression of energy-intensive cell division and morphogenesis during winter quiescence, while shifting to regulate tissue remodeling and reproduction genes during the summer. These results establish miRNAs as seasonal gene regulators in a temperate coral and suggest that the molecular infrastructure underlying its plasticity may also confer resilience to moderate thermal stress.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gills are not the primary site of gas exchange in the suspension-feeding hemichordate Protoglossus graveolens. 在悬浮物摄食的半骨原舌鱼中，鳃不是气体交换的主要部位。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2026-09-15 Epub Date: 2026-09-11 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.253087

Michael A Sackville, Christopher B Cameron, Colin J Brauner

引用次数: 0

Greenland sharks conform to expectations of neutral buoyancy but exhibit inter-individual variation. 格陵兰鲨符合中性浮力的预期，但表现出个体间的差异。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2026-09-15 Epub Date: 2026-09-25 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.252246

Eric Ste-Marie, Yuuki Y Watanabe, Marianne Marcoux, Nigel E Hussey

{"title":"Greenland sharks conform to expectations of neutral buoyancy but exhibit inter-individual variation.","authors":"Eric Ste-Marie, Yuuki Y Watanabe, Marianne Marcoux, Nigel E Hussey","doi":"10.1242/jeb.252246","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.252246","url":null,"abstract":"Buoyancy is an omnipresent force that governs how aquatic animals move through three-dimensional space, leading to physiological and behavioural adaptions across species. Swimming effort during vertical movements is increasingly being used to infer buoyancy in animals that exhibit oscillatory diving behaviours and for which collecting direct measurements of buoyancy is infeasible. Here, we estimated the relative buoyancy of 29 Greenland sharks (Somniosus microcephalus) tagged with biologgers by comparing swimming effort [overall dynamic body acceleration (ODBA)/speed] during ascending and descending dives, and accounting for dive geometry. We found that buoyancy in Greenland sharks varied on both sides of the spectrum, with effort in the counter-buoyancy direction reaching as high as 225% of the effort exerted in the buoyancy-aided direction in negatively buoyant individuals, and up to 177% for positively buoyant individuals. Despite this, there was no overall bias towards positive or negative buoyancy for this species, supporting the expectation that slow-moving deep-sea species face selective pressure towards neutral buoyancy. Given that gliding behaviour was rare and that small deviations from neutral buoyancy could drive large differences in effort for a minimally active species, more research is needed to determine the exact magnitude of the buoyancy variation observed here. Even so, its impact on swimming efficiency probably regulates movement and foraging strategies, as sharks are forced to either cope with, or exploit, their tendency to sink or float. These findings also highlight the need for studies directly linking biologger-inferred buoyancy to true buoyancy, with implications for the study of body condition in sharks.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148829317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Muscle diffraction at the Life Science X-ray Scattering beamline. 肌肉衍射在生命科学x射线散射光束线。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2026-09-15 Epub Date: 2026-09-17 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.252250

Khoi D Nguyen, Anthony L Hessel, Rachel L Sadler, Nichlas M Engels, Christine E Delligatti, Christopher T Nguyen, Stephan Lange, Matthew A Caporizzo, Samantha P Harris, Lin Yang

{"title":"Muscle diffraction at the Life Science X-ray Scattering beamline.","authors":"Khoi D Nguyen, Anthony L Hessel, Rachel L Sadler, Nichlas M Engels, Christine E Delligatti, Christopher T Nguyen, Stephan Lange, Matthew A Caporizzo, Samantha P Harris, Lin Yang","doi":"10.1242/jeb.252250","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.252250","url":null,"abstract":"We report on recent methodological advances at the Life Science X-ray Scattering (LiX) beamline of the National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) to support small-angle X-ray scattering experiments on striated muscles. These experiments measure sarcomeric protein organization in healthy and diseased muscle and provide direct molecular evidence for these proteins' functional roles and dynamics. Many recent advances in sarcomeric protein research have relied on diffraction data; for example, structural and functional roles of cMyBP-C and titin, and conformational/energetic states of actomyosin cross-bridges. LiX operations are optimized for high-throughput muscle diffraction with rapid turnover and semi-automated data processing. These operations have been tested on skeletal and cardiac tissues sourced from both humans and animal models including pig, rat, mouse and zebrafish. LiX's new capacity for muscle experimentation and support for new beamline users will accelerate the investigation of sarcomeric protein structure and function, muscle biomechanics and skeletal and cardiac myopathies.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148604100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Navigational behaviour of the sea slug Hermissenda crassicornis in natural wave-affected flow conditions. 在受自然波浪影响的水流条件下，海雀的导航行为。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2026-09-15 Epub Date: 2026-09-22 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.252174

Alexandra M D Reinhardt, Russell C Wyeth

{"title":"Navigational behaviour of the sea slug Hermissenda crassicornis in natural wave-affected flow conditions.","authors":"Alexandra M D Reinhardt, Russell C Wyeth","doi":"10.1242/jeb.252174","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.252174","url":null,"abstract":"Navigation behaviour of aquatic animals has often been studied in unidirectional flow. Yet many aquatic habitats have highly variable flow directions, particularly those affected by waves. We used field measurements of natural flows and underwater video to survey how the nudibranch Hermissenda crassicornis navigates in wave-affected flow conditions. We compared navigation tracks relative to feeding events in low and high prey densities and low and high flow direction variability. Regardless of flow direction variability or prey density, we found evidence of chemical and flow cue-based navigation towards prey. Evidence of flow-based navigation was only significant when flow direction was less variable and calculated over time scales of wave-affected flow rather than tidal flow. Slugs oriented parallel to flow (either upstream or downstream) before feeding, possibly orienting to flow oscillations from wave action when prey is temporarily upstream (and thus using a form of chemical-gated rheotaxis). In higher flow direction variability, slug track metrics still suggested a navigational strategy was used to find prey, but the apparent absence of any orientation to flow suggested the slugs use a different strategy (possibly chemotaxis) in conditions that could produce highly mixed chemical cues. Finally, when slugs were distant from feeding, they moved cross-stream, which may increase the chances of intercepting prey chemical cues. Collectively, these findings possibly provide further evidence of context-dependent switching of gastropod navigational strategies. In addition, they also suggest that chemical-gated rheotaxis is a viable navigation strategy in habitats with either unidirectional or wave-affected flow.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148865241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Asymmetric metabolic responses of rockweed and herbivores reveal seasonal vulnerabilities to warming and acidification. rockweed和食草动物的不对称代谢反应揭示了气候变暖和酸化的季节性脆弱性。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2026-09-15 Epub Date: 2026-09-18 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.252163

Tena S Dhayalan, Madeleine H Abbott, Nyssa J Silbiger

{"title":"Asymmetric metabolic responses of rockweed and herbivores reveal seasonal vulnerabilities to warming and acidification.","authors":"Tena S Dhayalan, Madeleine H Abbott, Nyssa J Silbiger","doi":"10.1242/jeb.252163","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.252163","url":null,"abstract":"Macroalgae-herbivore interactions are fundamental to the stability of coastal ecosystems, and their vulnerability to climate-driven shifts will affect biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. However, the effects of climate change on species interactions may be context dependent and vary by seasonal oceanographic processes. We examined the effects of warming and acidification on an intertidal primary producer foundation species, Silvetia compressa, and an herbivore, Agathistoma eiseni, under differing upwelling regimes in early (low upwelling) and late spring (high upwelling). We measured metabolic rates including photosynthesis, respiration and calcification after 4 weeks of exposure to a range of nine pH levels (7.2-8.0) at two temperature levels (16°C, 20°C). Rockweed responded more to acidification than to warming, but showed different seasonal responses, decreasing photosynthetic rates in early spring and increasing rates during late spring. Their snail consumer, however, responded most strongly to temperature, increasing both respiration and calcification rates under warm conditions in late spring. Our findings demonstrate that seasonal differences can modulate responses of macroalgae and herbivores to changing environmental conditions. Warming may increase top-down effects through increased snail metabolism, whereas acidification affects rockweed production to affect bottom-up forcing. By assessing physiological responses across different ecological regimes, our study advances understanding of how top-down and bottom-up processes interact in intertidal ecosystems under global change.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148793985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A quantitative muscle color metric provides a standardized measure of muscle functional state during breakdown in Gryllus lineaticeps. 定量肌肉颜色度量提供了一个标准化的测量肌肉功能状态在崩溃的灰背肌。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2026-09-15 Epub Date: 2026-09-28 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.252437

Meghan Laturney, Lourenço M A Martins, Tomás Diaz, Evan Lo, Nio Uen, Caroline M Williams

{"title":"A quantitative muscle color metric provides a standardized measure of muscle functional state during breakdown in Gryllus lineaticeps.","authors":"Meghan Laturney, Lourenço M A Martins, Tomás Diaz, Evan Lo, Nio Uen, Caroline M Williams","doi":"10.1242/jeb.252437","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.252437","url":null,"abstract":"Comparative and evolutionary approaches have advanced our understanding of muscle biology. However, methods for assessing muscle functional state are expensive, technically demanding and difficult to scale. Here, we developed and validated a standardized framework for quantifying insect muscle color during flight muscle breakdown, using the wing-dimorphic cricket Gryllus lineaticeps. Our color metric robustly tracks variation in muscle color across remodeling stages and predicts muscle mass, protein content and enzyme activity associated with mitochondrial abundance. By providing a standardized, accessible and biologically informative proxy of muscle state, this framework not only advances the utility of G. lineaticeps as a model for muscle remodeling, but will also facilitate comparative analyses in systems where direct measurement of muscle function is logistically, technically or financially impractical. More broadly, quantitative muscle color analysis may facilitate comparative, ecological and mechanistic studies of muscle function, dispersal, aging, seasonal plasticity and environmental stress responses across diverse insect systems.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fueling thermogenesis: an individual-level thermography assay reveals that sucrose ingestion promotes thermogenesis in honeybees. 促进产热：个体水平的热成像分析显示，蔗糖的摄入促进了蜜蜂的产热。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2026-09-15 Epub Date: 2026-09-14 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.252296

Saskia Delac, Christine von Koschitzky, Markus Thamm

{"title":"Fueling thermogenesis: an individual-level thermography assay reveals that sucrose ingestion promotes thermogenesis in honeybees.","authors":"Saskia Delac, Christine von Koschitzky, Markus Thamm","doi":"10.1242/jeb.252296","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.252296","url":null,"abstract":"Western honeybees (Apis mellifera) are remarkable among insects for their ability to generate heat endogenously and maintain a stable hive microclimate. This process relies on the activity of the indirect flight muscles, but the direct relationship between thermogenesis and carbohydrate availability has not been systematically investigated. To investigate this relationship, we developed a controlled individual-level thermography assay that provides a standardized framework for studying honeybee thermogenesis at the individual level. Starved bees showed little or no thermogenesis, whereas sucrose-fed bees exhibited substantially increased thoracic temperatures and thermogenic activity, consistent with a threshold-like activation of thermogenesis. Additionally, thermogenic performance was significantly lower in bees fed a sucralose solution used as a putatively non-nutritive control than in bees that received the same volume of sucrose solution. Together, these findings support the hypothesis that thermogenesis depends on the availability of recently ingested carbohydrates.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13615678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kinematics of gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) foraging on infaunal ghost shrimp (Neotrypaea californiensis). 灰鲸（Eschrichtius robustus）捕食水中鬼虾（Neotrypnea californiensis）的运动学研究。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2026-09-15 Epub Date: 2026-09-18 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.252034

Hannah M Clayton, Dave E Cade, James A Fahlbusch, Jessica Kendall-Bar, John Calambokidis, Nicholas D Pyenson, Jeremy A Goldbogen

{"title":"Kinematics of gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) foraging on infaunal ghost shrimp (Neotrypaea californiensis).","authors":"Hannah M Clayton, Dave E Cade, James A Fahlbusch, Jessica Kendall-Bar, John Calambokidis, Nicholas D Pyenson, Jeremy A Goldbogen","doi":"10.1242/jeb.252034","DOIUrl":"10.1242/jeb.252034","url":null,"abstract":"Emergent technologies and integrative approaches have transformed our ability to understand organismal behavior, physiology and evolutionary ecology. Baleen whales (Mysticeti) have evolved the largest body sizes by filter feeding on dense aggregations of prey in diverse ocean ecosystems. Although the wide range of foraging modes and prey capture abilities among mysticetes has been well documented, the functional morphology underlying these relationships remains poorly understood. Gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) morphology and ecological niche contrast starkly with those of closely related lunge-feeding rorqual species (Balaenopteridae), with gray whales foraging closer to the coastline using longer skulls and flatter mandibles in comparison to most rorquals. We used video and motion-sensing biologging tags to quantify the kinematics of gray whales feeding on infaunal ghost shrimp (Neotrypaea californiensis) in the shallow waters of the northern Puget Sound, Washington, USA. Tag-based kinematics were integrated with 3D models and morphological dimensions of the skull to calculate the skull area in contact with the seafloor during each feeding roll, resulting in an average minimum benthic contact area of 4.9±1.1 m2. Daily rates of feeding events (mean±s.d. 292±153) were comparable to those of lunge-feeding rorqual species despite using an average of 47.3% (weighted by deployment length) of the available high-tide feeding window. We posit that the paddle-like mandibles of gray whales reflect an adaptation for infaunal prey capture that may facilitate benthic suction filter feeding in shallow coastal habitats, potentially opening a unique coastal foraging niche among mysticetes.","PeriodicalId":15786,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13615682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148760648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Surface texture guides egg-laying decisions in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. 埃及伊蚊的表面纹理指导其产卵决定。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2026-09-15 Epub Date: 2026-09-21 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.252599

Aleksandra Anoshina, Nicholas K Tochor, Lauren Semkow, Annie Zeng, Benjamin J Matthews

引用次数: 0